\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \sin \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}{\cos \phi_1 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \left(-\lambda_2\right)\right)}{\frac{{\left(\cos \phi_1\right)}^{3} + \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot {\left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right)\right)}^{2}}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1 + \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right) - \cos \phi_1\right)} + \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}double f(double lambda1, double lambda2, double phi1, double phi2) {
double r39547 = lambda1;
double r39548 = phi2;
double r39549 = cos(r39548);
double r39550 = lambda2;
double r39551 = r39547 - r39550;
double r39552 = sin(r39551);
double r39553 = r39549 * r39552;
double r39554 = phi1;
double r39555 = cos(r39554);
double r39556 = cos(r39551);
double r39557 = r39549 * r39556;
double r39558 = r39555 + r39557;
double r39559 = atan2(r39553, r39558);
double r39560 = r39547 + r39559;
return r39560;
}
double f(double lambda1, double lambda2, double phi1, double phi2) {
double r39561 = lambda1;
double r39562 = phi2;
double r39563 = cos(r39562);
double r39564 = sin(r39561);
double r39565 = lambda2;
double r39566 = cos(r39565);
double r39567 = r39564 * r39566;
double r39568 = cos(r39561);
double r39569 = -r39565;
double r39570 = sin(r39569);
double r39571 = r39568 * r39570;
double r39572 = r39567 + r39571;
double r39573 = r39563 * r39572;
double r39574 = phi1;
double r39575 = cos(r39574);
double r39576 = 3.0;
double r39577 = pow(r39575, r39576);
double r39578 = r39568 * r39566;
double r39579 = r39563 * r39578;
double r39580 = 2.0;
double r39581 = pow(r39579, r39580);
double r39582 = r39579 * r39581;
double r39583 = r39577 + r39582;
double r39584 = r39575 * r39575;
double r39585 = r39579 - r39575;
double r39586 = r39579 * r39585;
double r39587 = r39584 + r39586;
double r39588 = r39583 / r39587;
double r39589 = sin(r39565);
double r39590 = r39564 * r39589;
double r39591 = r39590 * r39563;
double r39592 = r39588 + r39591;
double r39593 = atan2(r39573, r39592);
double r39594 = r39561 + r39593;
return r39594;
}



Bits error versus lambda1



Bits error versus lambda2



Bits error versus phi1



Bits error versus phi2
Results
Initial program 0.8
rmApplied sub-neg0.8
Applied sin-sum0.8
Simplified0.8
rmApplied cos-diff0.2
Applied distribute-rgt-in0.2
Applied associate-+r+0.2
Simplified0.2
rmApplied flip3-+0.3
Simplified0.3
rmApplied cube-mult0.3
Simplified0.3
Final simplification0.3
herbie shell --seed 2019350
(FPCore (lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2)
:name "Midpoint on a great circle"
:precision binary64
(+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (cos phi2) (sin (- lambda1 lambda2))) (+ (cos phi1) (* (cos phi2) (cos (- lambda1 lambda2)))))))