Error

Derivation

1. Initial program 17.0

   \[\cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot R\]
2. Using strategy rm

3. Applied cos-diff4.2

   \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}\right) \cdot R\]

4. Taylor expanded around inf 4.2

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right)\right) + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right) + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2\right)\right) \cdot R}\]

5. Simplified4.2

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left((\left((\left(\cos \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1\right) + \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right))_*\right) \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) + \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2\right))_*\right) \cdot R}\]
6. Using strategy rm

7. Applied add-log-exp4.3

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\cos^{-1} \left((\left((\left(\cos \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1\right) + \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right))_*\right) \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) + \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2\right))_*\right)}\right)} \cdot R\]
8. Using strategy rm

9. Applied add-exp-log4.3

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\log \left(\log \left(e^{\cos^{-1} \left((\left((\left(\cos \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1\right) + \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right))_*\right) \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) + \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2\right))_*\right)}\right)\right)}} \cdot R\]

10. Final simplification4.3

    \[\leadsto e^{\log \left(\log \left(e^{\cos^{-1} \left((\left((\left(\cos \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1\right) + \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right))_*\right) \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) + \left(\sin \phi_2 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right))_*\right)}\right)\right)} \cdot R\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019002 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (R lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2)
  :name "Spherical law of cosines"
  (* (acos (+ (* (sin phi1) (sin phi2)) (* (* (cos phi1) (cos phi2)) (cos (- lambda1 lambda2))))) R))

Details

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