Logistic regression 2

Percentage Accurate: 99.1% → 99.1%

Time: 3.6s

Alternatives: 7

Speedup: 0.9×

• could not determine a ground truth

  1. x = 5.603018351472599e+260
  2. y = -4.49535777941229e-241

Specification

Math

\[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
  :precision binary64
  (- (log (+ 1.0 (exp x))) (* x y)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = log((1.0d0 + exp(x))) - (x * y)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return Math.log((1.0 + Math.exp(x))) - (x * y);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return math.log((1.0 + math.exp(x))) - (x * y)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(log(Float64(1.0 + exp(x))) - Float64(x * y))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[Log[N[(1.0 + N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 99.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
  :precision binary64
  (- (log (+ 1.0 (exp x))) (* x y)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = log((1.0d0 + exp(x))) - (x * y)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return Math.log((1.0 + Math.exp(x))) - (x * y);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return math.log((1.0 + math.exp(x))) - (x * y)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(log(Float64(1.0 + exp(x))) - Float64(x * y))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[Log[N[(1.0 + N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.1% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\log \left(1 + \frac{1}{e^{-x}}\right) - x \cdot y \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
  :precision binary64
  (- (log (+ 1.0 (/ 1.0 (exp (- x))))) (* x y)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return log((1.0 + (1.0 / exp(-x)))) - (x * y);
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = log((1.0d0 + (1.0d0 / exp(-x)))) - (x * y)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return Math.log((1.0 + (1.0 / Math.exp(-x)))) - (x * y);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return math.log((1.0 + (1.0 / math.exp(-x)))) - (x * y)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(log(Float64(1.0 + Float64(1.0 / exp(Float64(-x))))) - Float64(x * y))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = log((1.0 + (1.0 / exp(-x)))) - (x * y);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[Log[N[(1.0 + N[(1.0 / N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.1%

   \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-exp.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \log \left(1 + \color{blue}{e^{x}}\right) - x \cdot y \]

   2. remove-double-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \log \left(1 + e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right)\right)}}\right) - x \cdot y \]

   3. exp-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \log \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)}}}\right) - x \cdot y \]

   4. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \log \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)}}}\right) - x \cdot y \]

   5. lower-exp.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \log \left(1 + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)}}}\right) - x \cdot y \]

   6. lower-neg.f64 99.1%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(1 + \frac{1}{e^{\color{blue}{-x}}}\right) - x \cdot y \]

3. Applied rewrites 99.1%

   \[\leadsto \log \left(1 + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{-x}}}\right) - x \cdot y \]
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.1% accurate, 8.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -11500:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-y\right) \cdot x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.6931471805599453 + x \cdot \left(\left(0.5 + 0.125 \cdot x\right) - y\right)\\ \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
  :precision binary64
  (if (<= x -11500.0)
  (* (- y) x)
  (+ 0.6931471805599453 (* x (- (+ 0.5 (* 0.125 x)) y)))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -11500.0) {
		tmp = -y * x;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453 + (x * ((0.5 + (0.125 * x)) - y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= (-11500.0d0)) then
        tmp = -y * x
    else
        tmp = 0.6931471805599453d0 + (x * ((0.5d0 + (0.125d0 * x)) - y))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -11500.0) {
		tmp = -y * x;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453 + (x * ((0.5 + (0.125 * x)) - y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -11500.0:
		tmp = -y * x
	else:
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453 + (x * ((0.5 + (0.125 * x)) - y))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -11500.0)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-y) * x);
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.6931471805599453 + Float64(x * Float64(Float64(0.5 + Float64(0.125 * x)) - y)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -11500.0)
		tmp = -y * x;
	else
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453 + (x * ((0.5 + (0.125 * x)) - y));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -11500.0], N[((-y) * x), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.6931471805599453 + N[(x * N[(N[(0.5 + N[(0.125 * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -11500

   1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 51.3%

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{y}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 51.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y\right)} \]

      2. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot y\right) \]

      3. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot y\right) \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(y \cdot x\right) \]

      5. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(y\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]

      6. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(y\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]

      7. lower-neg.f64 51.3%

         \[\leadsto \left(-y\right) \cdot x \]

   6. Applied rewrites 51.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]

   if -11500 < x

   1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2 + x \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{8} \cdot x\right) - y\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{8} \cdot x\right) - y\right)} \]

      2. lower-log.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{x} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{8} \cdot x\right) - y\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{8} \cdot x\right) - y\right)} \]

      4. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + x \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{8} \cdot x\right) - \color{blue}{y}\right) \]

      5. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + x \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{8} \cdot x\right) - y\right) \]

      6. lower-*.f64 77.1%

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + x \cdot \left(\left(0.5 + 0.125 \cdot x\right) - y\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 77.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2 + x \cdot \left(\left(0.5 + 0.125 \cdot x\right) - y\right)} \]

   5. Evaluated real constant 77.1%

      \[\leadsto 0.6931471805599453 + \color{blue}{x} \cdot \left(\left(0.5 + 0.125 \cdot x\right) - y\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.0% accurate, 11.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.4:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-y\right) \cdot x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.6931471805599453 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right)\\ \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
  :precision binary64
  (if (<= x -1.4) (* (- y) x) (+ 0.6931471805599453 (* x (- 0.5 y)))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -1.4) {
		tmp = -y * x;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453 + (x * (0.5 - y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= (-1.4d0)) then
        tmp = -y * x
    else
        tmp = 0.6931471805599453d0 + (x * (0.5d0 - y))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -1.4) {
		tmp = -y * x;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453 + (x * (0.5 - y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -1.4:
		tmp = -y * x
	else:
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453 + (x * (0.5 - y))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -1.4)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-y) * x);
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.6931471805599453 + Float64(x * Float64(0.5 - y)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -1.4)
		tmp = -y * x;
	else
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453 + (x * (0.5 - y));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -1.4], N[((-y) * x), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.6931471805599453 + N[(x * N[(0.5 - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -1.3999999999999999

   1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 51.3%

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{y}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 51.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y\right)} \]

      2. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot y\right) \]

      3. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot y\right) \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(y \cdot x\right) \]

      5. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(y\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]

      6. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(y\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]

      7. lower-neg.f64 51.3%

         \[\leadsto \left(-y\right) \cdot x \]

   6. Applied rewrites 51.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]

   if -1.3999999999999999 < x

   1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2 + x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right)} \]

      2. lower-log.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{x} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right)} \]

      4. lower--.f64 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - \color{blue}{y}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 82.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right)} \]

   5. Evaluated real constant 82.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.6931471805599453 + \color{blue}{x} \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 97.5% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y\\ t_1 := \left(-y\right) \cdot x\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-5}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_0 \leq 20:\\ \;\;\;\;0.6931471805599453 + 0.5 \cdot x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
  :precision binary64
  (let* ((t_0 (- (log (+ 1.0 (exp x))) (* x y))) (t_1 (* (- y) x)))
  (if (<= t_0 5e-5)
    t_1
    (if (<= t_0 20.0) (+ 0.6931471805599453 (* 0.5 x)) t_1))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double t_0 = log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
	double t_1 = -y * x;
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 <= 5e-5) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t_0 <= 20.0) {
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453 + (0.5 * x);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = log((1.0d0 + exp(x))) - (x * y)
    t_1 = -y * x
    if (t_0 <= 5d-5) then
        tmp = t_1
    else if (t_0 <= 20.0d0) then
        tmp = 0.6931471805599453d0 + (0.5d0 * x)
    else
        tmp = t_1
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double t_0 = Math.log((1.0 + Math.exp(x))) - (x * y);
	double t_1 = -y * x;
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 <= 5e-5) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t_0 <= 20.0) {
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453 + (0.5 * x);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	t_0 = math.log((1.0 + math.exp(x))) - (x * y)
	t_1 = -y * x
	tmp = 0
	if t_0 <= 5e-5:
		tmp = t_1
	elif t_0 <= 20.0:
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453 + (0.5 * x)
	else:
		tmp = t_1
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	t_0 = Float64(log(Float64(1.0 + exp(x))) - Float64(x * y))
	t_1 = Float64(Float64(-y) * x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_0 <= 5e-5)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t_0 <= 20.0)
		tmp = Float64(0.6931471805599453 + Float64(0.5 * x));
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	t_0 = log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
	t_1 = -y * x;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t_0 <= 5e-5)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t_0 <= 20.0)
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453 + (0.5 * x);
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[Log[N[(1.0 + N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[((-y) * x), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$0, 5e-5], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[t$95$0, 20.0], N[(0.6931471805599453 + N[(0.5 * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (-.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (exp.f64 x))) (*.f64 x y)) < 5.0000000000000002e-5 or 20 < (-.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (exp.f64 x))) (*.f64 x y))

   1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 51.3%

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{y}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 51.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y\right)} \]

      2. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot y\right) \]

      3. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot y\right) \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(y \cdot x\right) \]

      5. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(y\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]

      6. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(y\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]

      7. lower-neg.f64 51.3%

         \[\leadsto \left(-y\right) \cdot x \]

   6. Applied rewrites 51.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]

   if 5.0000000000000002e-5 < (-.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (exp.f64 x))) (*.f64 x y)) < 20

   1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2 + x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right)} \]

      2. lower-log.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{x} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right)} \]

      4. lower--.f64 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - \color{blue}{y}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 82.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right)} \]

   5. Evaluated real constant 82.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.6931471805599453 + \color{blue}{x} \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in y around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{6243314768165359}{9007199254740992} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot x} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{6243314768165359}{9007199254740992} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 49.9%

         \[\leadsto 0.6931471805599453 + 0.5 \cdot x \]

   8. Applied rewrites 49.9%

      \[\leadsto 0.6931471805599453 + \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot x} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 97.1% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y\\ t_1 := \left(-y\right) \cdot x\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-5}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_0 \leq 20:\\ \;\;\;\;0.6931471805599453\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
  :precision binary64
  (let* ((t_0 (- (log (+ 1.0 (exp x))) (* x y))) (t_1 (* (- y) x)))
  (if (<= t_0 5e-5) t_1 (if (<= t_0 20.0) 0.6931471805599453 t_1))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double t_0 = log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
	double t_1 = -y * x;
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 <= 5e-5) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t_0 <= 20.0) {
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = log((1.0d0 + exp(x))) - (x * y)
    t_1 = -y * x
    if (t_0 <= 5d-5) then
        tmp = t_1
    else if (t_0 <= 20.0d0) then
        tmp = 0.6931471805599453d0
    else
        tmp = t_1
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double t_0 = Math.log((1.0 + Math.exp(x))) - (x * y);
	double t_1 = -y * x;
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 <= 5e-5) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t_0 <= 20.0) {
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	t_0 = math.log((1.0 + math.exp(x))) - (x * y)
	t_1 = -y * x
	tmp = 0
	if t_0 <= 5e-5:
		tmp = t_1
	elif t_0 <= 20.0:
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453
	else:
		tmp = t_1
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	t_0 = Float64(log(Float64(1.0 + exp(x))) - Float64(x * y))
	t_1 = Float64(Float64(-y) * x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_0 <= 5e-5)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t_0 <= 20.0)
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453;
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	t_0 = log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
	t_1 = -y * x;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t_0 <= 5e-5)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t_0 <= 20.0)
		tmp = 0.6931471805599453;
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[Log[N[(1.0 + N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[((-y) * x), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$0, 5e-5], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[t$95$0, 20.0], 0.6931471805599453, t$95$1]]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (-.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (exp.f64 x))) (*.f64 x y)) < 5.0000000000000002e-5 or 20 < (-.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (exp.f64 x))) (*.f64 x y))

   1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 51.3%

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{y}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 51.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y\right)} \]

      2. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot y\right) \]

      3. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot y\right) \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(y \cdot x\right) \]

      5. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(y\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]

      6. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(y\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]

      7. lower-neg.f64 51.3%

         \[\leadsto \left(-y\right) \cdot x \]

   6. Applied rewrites 51.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(-y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]

   if 5.0000000000000002e-5 < (-.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) (exp.f64 x))) (*.f64 x y)) < 20

   1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2 + x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right)} \]

      2. lower-log.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{x} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right)} \]

      4. lower--.f64 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \log 2 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - \color{blue}{y}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 82.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right)} \]

   5. Evaluated real constant 82.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.6931471805599453 + \color{blue}{x} \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{6243314768165359}{9007199254740992} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 49.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.6931471805599453 \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 49.4% accurate, 212.0× speedup

Math

\[0.6931471805599453 \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
  :precision binary64
  0.6931471805599453)

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return 0.6931471805599453;
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = 0.6931471805599453d0
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return 0.6931471805599453;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return 0.6931471805599453

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return 0.6931471805599453
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.6931471805599453;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := 0.6931471805599453

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.1%

   \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]

2. Taylor expanded in x around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2 + x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right)} \]
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right)} \]

   2. lower-log.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{x} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right) \]

   3. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} - y\right)} \]

   4. lower--.f64 82.7%

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - \color{blue}{y}\right) \]

4. Applied rewrites 82.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right)} \]

5. Evaluated real constant 82.7%

   \[\leadsto 0.6931471805599453 + \color{blue}{x} \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right) \]

6. Taylor expanded in x around 0

   \[\leadsto \frac{6243314768165359}{9007199254740992} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 49.4%

   \[\leadsto 0.6931471805599453 \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2025258 
(FPCore (x y)
  :name "Logistic regression 2"
  :precision binary64
  (- (log (+ 1.0 (exp x))) (* x y)))