b from scale-rotated-ellipse

Percentage Accurate: 0.0% → 29.4%
Time: 51.9s
Alternatives: 6
Speedup: 9.6×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \sin t\_0\\ t_2 := \cos t\_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\ t_5 := \left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\\ t_6 := \frac{4 \cdot t\_5}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\\ \frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot t\_6\right) \cdot t\_5\right) \cdot \left(\left(t\_4 + t\_3\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_4 - t\_3\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{t\_6} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (sin t_0))
        (t_2 (cos t_0))
        (t_3
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale))
        (t_4
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale))
        (t_5 (* (* b a) (* b (- a))))
        (t_6 (/ (* 4.0 t_5) (pow (* x-scale y-scale) 2.0))))
   (/
    (-
     (sqrt
      (*
       (* (* 2.0 t_6) t_5)
       (-
        (+ t_4 t_3)
        (sqrt
         (+
          (pow (- t_4 t_3) 2.0)
          (pow
           (/
            (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_1) t_2) x-scale)
            y-scale)
           2.0)))))))
    t_6)))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	double t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a);
	double t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / pow((x_45_scale * y_45_scale), 2.0);
	return -sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - sqrt((pow((t_4 - t_3), 2.0) + pow((((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale), 2.0)))))) / t_6;
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	double t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a);
	double t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / Math.pow((x_45_scale * y_45_scale), 2.0);
	return -Math.sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - Math.sqrt((Math.pow((t_4 - t_3), 2.0) + Math.pow((((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale), 2.0)))))) / t_6;
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_2 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_3 = ((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	t_4 = ((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale
	t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a)
	t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / math.pow((x_45_scale * y_45_scale), 2.0)
	return -math.sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - math.sqrt((math.pow((t_4 - t_3), 2.0) + math.pow((((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale), 2.0)))))) / t_6
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = sin(t_0)
	t_2 = cos(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	t_4 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)
	t_5 = Float64(Float64(b * a) * Float64(b * Float64(-a)))
	t_6 = Float64(Float64(4.0 * t_5) / (Float64(x_45_scale * y_45_scale) ^ 2.0))
	return Float64(Float64(-sqrt(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * Float64(Float64(t_4 + t_3) - sqrt(Float64((Float64(t_4 - t_3) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale) ^ 2.0))))))) / t_6)
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = sin(t_0);
	t_2 = cos(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	t_4 = ((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a);
	t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / ((x_45_scale * y_45_scale) ^ 2.0);
	tmp = -sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - sqrt((((t_4 - t_3) ^ 2.0) + ((((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale) ^ 2.0)))))) / t_6;
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$4 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$5 = N[(N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b * (-a)), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$6 = N[(N[(4.0 * t$95$5), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[N[(x$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[((-N[Sqrt[N[(N[(N[(2.0 * t$95$6), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$5), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(t$95$4 + t$95$3), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(t$95$4 - t$95$3), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]) / t$95$6), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \sin t\_0\\
t_2 := \cos t\_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\
t_5 := \left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\\
t_6 := \frac{4 \cdot t\_5}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\\
\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot t\_6\right) \cdot t\_5\right) \cdot \left(\left(t\_4 + t\_3\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_4 - t\_3\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{t\_6}
\end{array}

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 6 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 0.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \sin t\_0\\ t_2 := \cos t\_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\ t_5 := \left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\\ t_6 := \frac{4 \cdot t\_5}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\\ \frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot t\_6\right) \cdot t\_5\right) \cdot \left(\left(t\_4 + t\_3\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_4 - t\_3\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{t\_6} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (sin t_0))
        (t_2 (cos t_0))
        (t_3
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale))
        (t_4
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale))
        (t_5 (* (* b a) (* b (- a))))
        (t_6 (/ (* 4.0 t_5) (pow (* x-scale y-scale) 2.0))))
   (/
    (-
     (sqrt
      (*
       (* (* 2.0 t_6) t_5)
       (-
        (+ t_4 t_3)
        (sqrt
         (+
          (pow (- t_4 t_3) 2.0)
          (pow
           (/
            (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_1) t_2) x-scale)
            y-scale)
           2.0)))))))
    t_6)))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	double t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a);
	double t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / pow((x_45_scale * y_45_scale), 2.0);
	return -sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - sqrt((pow((t_4 - t_3), 2.0) + pow((((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale), 2.0)))))) / t_6;
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	double t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a);
	double t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / Math.pow((x_45_scale * y_45_scale), 2.0);
	return -Math.sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - Math.sqrt((Math.pow((t_4 - t_3), 2.0) + Math.pow((((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale), 2.0)))))) / t_6;
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_2 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_3 = ((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	t_4 = ((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale
	t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a)
	t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / math.pow((x_45_scale * y_45_scale), 2.0)
	return -math.sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - math.sqrt((math.pow((t_4 - t_3), 2.0) + math.pow((((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale), 2.0)))))) / t_6
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = sin(t_0)
	t_2 = cos(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	t_4 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)
	t_5 = Float64(Float64(b * a) * Float64(b * Float64(-a)))
	t_6 = Float64(Float64(4.0 * t_5) / (Float64(x_45_scale * y_45_scale) ^ 2.0))
	return Float64(Float64(-sqrt(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * Float64(Float64(t_4 + t_3) - sqrt(Float64((Float64(t_4 - t_3) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale) ^ 2.0))))))) / t_6)
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = sin(t_0);
	t_2 = cos(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	t_4 = ((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	t_5 = (b * a) * (b * -a);
	t_6 = (4.0 * t_5) / ((x_45_scale * y_45_scale) ^ 2.0);
	tmp = -sqrt((((2.0 * t_6) * t_5) * ((t_4 + t_3) - sqrt((((t_4 - t_3) ^ 2.0) + ((((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale) ^ 2.0)))))) / t_6;
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$4 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$5 = N[(N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b * (-a)), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$6 = N[(N[(4.0 * t$95$5), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[N[(x$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[((-N[Sqrt[N[(N[(N[(2.0 * t$95$6), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$5), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(t$95$4 + t$95$3), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(t$95$4 - t$95$3), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]) / t$95$6), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \sin t\_0\\
t_2 := \cos t\_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\
t_5 := \left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\\
t_6 := \frac{4 \cdot t\_5}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\\
\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot t\_6\right) \cdot t\_5\right) \cdot \left(\left(t\_4 + t\_3\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_4 - t\_3\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{t\_6}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 29.4% accurate, 4.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot \left|a\right|, \left|a\right|, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right)\\ t_1 := \left|a\right| \cdot \left|b\right|\\ \mathbf{if}\;\left|b\right| \leq 1.25 \cdot 10^{+62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{\left|b\right|} \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{\left(8 \cdot \left(0.5 - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.011111111111111112\right), 0.5, \sqrt{{\sin \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{4}}\right)\right)\right) \cdot {\left(\left|b\right|\right)}^{4}}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot \left|a\right|}{\left|b\right|}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\left(0.25 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\left(\left(t\_0 - \left|t\_0\right|\right) \cdot {t\_1}^{4}\right) \cdot 8}}{\left|x-scale\right|}\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}{t\_1}}{t\_1}\\ \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0
         (fma
          (* (+ 0.5 0.5) (fabs a))
          (fabs a)
          (* (* (- 0.5 0.5) (fabs b)) (fabs b))))
        (t_1 (* (fabs a) (fabs b))))
   (if (<= (fabs b) 1.25e+62)
     (*
      (/ 0.25 (fabs b))
      (/
       (*
        (*
         (*
          (/
           (sqrt
            (*
             (*
              8.0
              (-
               0.5
               (fma
                (cos (* (* PI angle) 0.011111111111111112))
                0.5
                (sqrt (pow (sin (* (* PI angle) 0.005555555555555556)) 4.0)))))
             (pow (fabs b) 4.0)))
           (fabs y-scale))
          y-scale)
         y-scale)
        (fabs a))
       (fabs b)))
     (/
      (/
       (*
        (*
         0.25
         (/
          (sqrt (* (* (- t_0 (fabs t_0)) (pow t_1 4.0)) 8.0))
          (fabs x-scale)))
        (* x-scale x-scale))
       t_1)
      t_1))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = fma(((0.5 + 0.5) * fabs(a)), fabs(a), (((0.5 - 0.5) * fabs(b)) * fabs(b)));
	double t_1 = fabs(a) * fabs(b);
	double tmp;
	if (fabs(b) <= 1.25e+62) {
		tmp = (0.25 / fabs(b)) * (((((sqrt(((8.0 * (0.5 - fma(cos(((((double) M_PI) * angle) * 0.011111111111111112)), 0.5, sqrt(pow(sin(((((double) M_PI) * angle) * 0.005555555555555556)), 4.0))))) * pow(fabs(b), 4.0))) / fabs(y_45_scale)) * y_45_scale) * y_45_scale) * fabs(a)) / fabs(b));
	} else {
		tmp = (((0.25 * (sqrt((((t_0 - fabs(t_0)) * pow(t_1, 4.0)) * 8.0)) / fabs(x_45_scale))) * (x_45_scale * x_45_scale)) / t_1) / t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = fma(Float64(Float64(0.5 + 0.5) * abs(a)), abs(a), Float64(Float64(Float64(0.5 - 0.5) * abs(b)) * abs(b)))
	t_1 = Float64(abs(a) * abs(b))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (abs(b) <= 1.25e+62)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.25 / abs(b)) * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(8.0 * Float64(0.5 - fma(cos(Float64(Float64(pi * angle) * 0.011111111111111112)), 0.5, sqrt((sin(Float64(Float64(pi * angle) * 0.005555555555555556)) ^ 4.0))))) * (abs(b) ^ 4.0))) / abs(y_45_scale)) * y_45_scale) * y_45_scale) * abs(a)) / abs(b)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(0.25 * Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(Float64(t_0 - abs(t_0)) * (t_1 ^ 4.0)) * 8.0)) / abs(x_45_scale))) * Float64(x_45_scale * x_45_scale)) / t_1) / t_1);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(N[(0.5 + 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[(0.5 - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision], 1.25e+62], N[(N[(0.25 / N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(8.0 * N[(0.5 - N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(Pi * angle), $MachinePrecision] * 0.011111111111111112), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 0.5 + N[Sqrt[N[Power[N[Sin[N[(N[(Pi * angle), $MachinePrecision] * 0.005555555555555556), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], 4.0], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision], 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[y$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[(0.25 * N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(N[(t$95$0 - N[Abs[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[t$95$1, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 8.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[x$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x$45$scale * x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] / t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot \left|a\right|, \left|a\right|, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right)\\
t_1 := \left|a\right| \cdot \left|b\right|\\
\mathbf{if}\;\left|b\right| \leq 1.25 \cdot 10^{+62}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{\left|b\right|} \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{\left(8 \cdot \left(0.5 - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.011111111111111112\right), 0.5, \sqrt{{\sin \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{4}}\right)\right)\right) \cdot {\left(\left|b\right|\right)}^{4}}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot \left|a\right|}{\left|b\right|}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\left(0.25 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\left(\left(t\_0 - \left|t\_0\right|\right) \cdot {t\_1}^{4}\right) \cdot 8}}{\left|x-scale\right|}\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}{t\_1}}{t\_1}\\


\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < 1.25000000000000007e62

    1. Initial program 0.0%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({x-scale}^{2} \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} + {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}}} \]
    3. Applied rewrites0.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({x-scale}^{2} \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}, {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}}} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
    6. Applied rewrites3.9%

      \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
    7. Applied rewrites20.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left(\left(\left(0.5 - \cos \left(\left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.5\right) - \sqrt{{\sin \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{4}}\right) \cdot {b}^{4}\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a}{b}} \]
    8. Applied rewrites24.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{b} \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{\left(8 \cdot \left(0.5 - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.011111111111111112\right), 0.5, \sqrt{{\sin \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{4}}\right)\right)\right) \cdot {b}^{4}}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot a}{b} \]

    if 1.25000000000000007e62 < b

    1. Initial program 0.0%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in y-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) - \sqrt{{\left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)}{{x-scale}^{2}}}}{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
    3. Applied rewrites0.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \frac{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left({a}^{2}, {\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}, {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left({a}^{2}, {\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}, {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)}{{x-scale}^{2}}}}{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites2.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites2.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
      2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites1.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
        2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

          \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites2.1%

            \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
          2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

            \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites2.4%

              \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
            2. Applied rewrites15.9%

              \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\left(0.25 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right|\right) \cdot {\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4}\right) \cdot 8}}{\left|x-scale\right|}\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}{a \cdot b}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
          4. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
          5. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 2: 26.4% accurate, 7.0× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := a \cdot \left|b\right|\\ t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\left|b\right| \leq 6.5 \cdot 10^{+54}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{\left|b\right|} \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({\left(\left|b\right|\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a}{\left|b\right|}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\left(0.25 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\left(\left(t\_1 - \left|t\_1\right|\right) \cdot {t\_0}^{4}\right) \cdot 8}}{\left|x-scale\right|}\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}{t\_0}}{t\_0}\\ \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
           :precision binary64
           (let* ((t_0 (* a (fabs b)))
                  (t_1 (fma (* (+ 0.5 0.5) a) a (* (* (- 0.5 0.5) (fabs b)) (fabs b)))))
             (if (<= (fabs b) 6.5e+54)
               (*
                (/ 0.25 (fabs b))
                (/
                 (*
                  (*
                   (*
                    (/
                     (sqrt
                      (*
                       8.0
                       (*
                        (pow (fabs b) 4.0)
                        (-
                         (* (* PI PI) 3.08641975308642e-5)
                         (sqrt (* (pow PI 4.0) 9.525986892242036e-10))))))
                     (fabs y-scale))
                    angle)
                   (* y-scale y-scale))
                  a)
                 (fabs b)))
               (/
                (/
                 (*
                  (*
                   0.25
                   (/
                    (sqrt (* (* (- t_1 (fabs t_1)) (pow t_0 4.0)) 8.0))
                    (fabs x-scale)))
                  (* x-scale x-scale))
                 t_0)
                t_0))))
          double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
          	double t_0 = a * fabs(b);
          	double t_1 = fma(((0.5 + 0.5) * a), a, (((0.5 - 0.5) * fabs(b)) * fabs(b)));
          	double tmp;
          	if (fabs(b) <= 6.5e+54) {
          		tmp = (0.25 / fabs(b)) * (((((sqrt((8.0 * (pow(fabs(b), 4.0) * (((((double) M_PI) * ((double) M_PI)) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - sqrt((pow(((double) M_PI), 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / fabs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a) / fabs(b));
          	} else {
          		tmp = (((0.25 * (sqrt((((t_1 - fabs(t_1)) * pow(t_0, 4.0)) * 8.0)) / fabs(x_45_scale))) * (x_45_scale * x_45_scale)) / t_0) / t_0;
          	}
          	return tmp;
          }
          
          function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
          	t_0 = Float64(a * abs(b))
          	t_1 = fma(Float64(Float64(0.5 + 0.5) * a), a, Float64(Float64(Float64(0.5 - 0.5) * abs(b)) * abs(b)))
          	tmp = 0.0
          	if (abs(b) <= 6.5e+54)
          		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.25 / abs(b)) * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(8.0 * Float64((abs(b) ^ 4.0) * Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * pi) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - sqrt(Float64((pi ^ 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / abs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * Float64(y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a) / abs(b)));
          	else
          		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(0.25 * Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(Float64(t_1 - abs(t_1)) * (t_0 ^ 4.0)) * 8.0)) / abs(x_45_scale))) * Float64(x_45_scale * x_45_scale)) / t_0) / t_0);
          	end
          	return tmp
          end
          
          code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(a * N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(N[(0.5 + 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] * a + N[(N[(N[(0.5 - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision], 6.5e+54], N[(N[(0.25 / N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(8.0 * N[(N[Power[N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision], 4.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(Pi * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * 3.08641975308642e-5), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[Pi, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] * 9.525986892242036e-10), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[y$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * angle), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[(0.25 * N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(N[(t$95$1 - N[Abs[t$95$1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[t$95$0, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 8.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[x$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x$45$scale * x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] / t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]]]]
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          t_0 := a \cdot \left|b\right|\\
          t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right)\\
          \mathbf{if}\;\left|b\right| \leq 6.5 \cdot 10^{+54}:\\
          \;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{\left|b\right|} \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({\left(\left|b\right|\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a}{\left|b\right|}\\
          
          \mathbf{else}:\\
          \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\left(0.25 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\left(\left(t\_1 - \left|t\_1\right|\right) \cdot {t\_0}^{4}\right) \cdot 8}}{\left|x-scale\right|}\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}{t\_0}}{t\_0}\\
          
          
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Split input into 2 regimes
          2. if b < 6.5e54

            1. Initial program 0.0%

              \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
            2. Taylor expanded in a around inf

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({x-scale}^{2} \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} + {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}}} \]
            3. Applied rewrites0.5%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({x-scale}^{2} \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}, {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}}} \]
            4. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
            5. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
            6. Applied rewrites3.9%

              \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
            7. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
            8. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
              2. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
              3. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
              4. lower-/.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
            9. Applied rewrites4.0%

              \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot {\pi}^{2} - \sqrt{9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10} \cdot {\pi}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
            10. Applied rewrites21.3%

              \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a}{b}} \]

            if 6.5e54 < b

            1. Initial program 0.0%

              \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
            2. Taylor expanded in y-scale around 0

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) - \sqrt{{\left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)}{{x-scale}^{2}}}}{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
            3. Applied rewrites0.8%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \frac{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left({a}^{2}, {\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}, {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left({a}^{2}, {\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}, {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)}{{x-scale}^{2}}}}{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
            4. Applied rewrites2.4%

              \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
            5. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

              \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
            6. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites2.2%

                \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
              2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
              3. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites1.9%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                3. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites2.1%

                    \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                  2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                  3. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites2.4%

                      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                    2. Applied rewrites15.9%

                      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\left(0.25 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right|\right) \cdot {\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4}\right) \cdot 8}}{\left|x-scale\right|}\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}{a \cdot b}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
                  4. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                  5. Add Preprocessing

                  Alternative 3: 26.0% accurate, 7.0× speedup?

                  \[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := a \cdot \left|b\right|\\ t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\left|b\right| \leq 5.1 \cdot 10^{+73}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{\left|b\right|} \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({\left(\left|b\right|\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a}{\left|b\right|}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{\left(\left(t\_1 - \left|t\_1\right|\right) \cdot {t\_0}^{4}\right) \cdot 8}}{\left|x-scale\right|} \cdot x-scale\right) \cdot x-scale\right)}{t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ \end{array} \]
                  (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
                   :precision binary64
                   (let* ((t_0 (* a (fabs b)))
                          (t_1 (fma (* (+ 0.5 0.5) a) a (* (* (- 0.5 0.5) (fabs b)) (fabs b)))))
                     (if (<= (fabs b) 5.1e+73)
                       (*
                        (/ 0.25 (fabs b))
                        (/
                         (*
                          (*
                           (*
                            (/
                             (sqrt
                              (*
                               8.0
                               (*
                                (pow (fabs b) 4.0)
                                (-
                                 (* (* PI PI) 3.08641975308642e-5)
                                 (sqrt (* (pow PI 4.0) 9.525986892242036e-10))))))
                             (fabs y-scale))
                            angle)
                           (* y-scale y-scale))
                          a)
                         (fabs b)))
                       (/
                        (*
                         0.25
                         (*
                          (*
                           (/ (sqrt (* (* (- t_1 (fabs t_1)) (pow t_0 4.0)) 8.0)) (fabs x-scale))
                           x-scale)
                          x-scale))
                        (* t_0 t_0)))))
                  double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
                  	double t_0 = a * fabs(b);
                  	double t_1 = fma(((0.5 + 0.5) * a), a, (((0.5 - 0.5) * fabs(b)) * fabs(b)));
                  	double tmp;
                  	if (fabs(b) <= 5.1e+73) {
                  		tmp = (0.25 / fabs(b)) * (((((sqrt((8.0 * (pow(fabs(b), 4.0) * (((((double) M_PI) * ((double) M_PI)) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - sqrt((pow(((double) M_PI), 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / fabs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a) / fabs(b));
                  	} else {
                  		tmp = (0.25 * (((sqrt((((t_1 - fabs(t_1)) * pow(t_0, 4.0)) * 8.0)) / fabs(x_45_scale)) * x_45_scale) * x_45_scale)) / (t_0 * t_0);
                  	}
                  	return tmp;
                  }
                  
                  function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
                  	t_0 = Float64(a * abs(b))
                  	t_1 = fma(Float64(Float64(0.5 + 0.5) * a), a, Float64(Float64(Float64(0.5 - 0.5) * abs(b)) * abs(b)))
                  	tmp = 0.0
                  	if (abs(b) <= 5.1e+73)
                  		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.25 / abs(b)) * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(8.0 * Float64((abs(b) ^ 4.0) * Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * pi) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - sqrt(Float64((pi ^ 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / abs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * Float64(y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a) / abs(b)));
                  	else
                  		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.25 * Float64(Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(Float64(t_1 - abs(t_1)) * (t_0 ^ 4.0)) * 8.0)) / abs(x_45_scale)) * x_45_scale) * x_45_scale)) / Float64(t_0 * t_0));
                  	end
                  	return tmp
                  end
                  
                  code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(a * N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(N[(0.5 + 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] * a + N[(N[(N[(0.5 - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision], 5.1e+73], N[(N[(0.25 / N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(8.0 * N[(N[Power[N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision], 4.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(Pi * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * 3.08641975308642e-5), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[Pi, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] * 9.525986892242036e-10), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[y$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * angle), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.25 * N[(N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(N[(t$95$1 - N[Abs[t$95$1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[t$95$0, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 8.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[x$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(t$95$0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
                  
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  t_0 := a \cdot \left|b\right|\\
                  t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right)\\
                  \mathbf{if}\;\left|b\right| \leq 5.1 \cdot 10^{+73}:\\
                  \;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{\left|b\right|} \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({\left(\left|b\right|\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a}{\left|b\right|}\\
                  
                  \mathbf{else}:\\
                  \;\;\;\;\frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{\left(\left(t\_1 - \left|t\_1\right|\right) \cdot {t\_0}^{4}\right) \cdot 8}}{\left|x-scale\right|} \cdot x-scale\right) \cdot x-scale\right)}{t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\
                  
                  
                  \end{array}
                  
                  Derivation
                  1. Split input into 2 regimes
                  2. if b < 5.10000000000000024e73

                    1. Initial program 0.0%

                      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
                    2. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({x-scale}^{2} \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} + {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}}} \]
                    3. Applied rewrites0.5%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({x-scale}^{2} \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}, {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}}} \]
                    4. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                    5. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                    6. Applied rewrites3.9%

                      \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                    7. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                    8. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                      2. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                      3. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                      4. lower-/.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                    9. Applied rewrites4.0%

                      \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot {\pi}^{2} - \sqrt{9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10} \cdot {\pi}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                    10. Applied rewrites21.3%

                      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a}{b}} \]

                    if 5.10000000000000024e73 < b

                    1. Initial program 0.0%

                      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
                    2. Taylor expanded in y-scale around 0

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) - \sqrt{{\left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)}{{x-scale}^{2}}}}{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
                    3. Applied rewrites0.8%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \frac{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left({a}^{2}, {\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}, {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left({a}^{2}, {\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}, {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)}{{x-scale}^{2}}}}{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
                    4. Applied rewrites2.4%

                      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
                    5. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                    6. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites2.2%

                        \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                      2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                      3. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites1.9%

                          \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                        2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                          \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                        3. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites2.1%

                            \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                          2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                            \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                          3. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. Applied rewrites2.4%

                              \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                            2. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. lift-*.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot \color{blue}{b}\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                              2. lift-*.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                            3. Applied rewrites10.0%

                              \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right|\right) \cdot {\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4}\right) \cdot 8}}{\left|x-scale\right|} \cdot x-scale\right) \cdot x-scale\right)}{\left(a \cdot \color{blue}{b}\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                          4. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                          5. Add Preprocessing

                          Alternative 4: 25.8% accurate, 7.0× speedup?

                          \[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := a \cdot \left|b\right|\\ t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\left|b\right| \leq 5.1 \cdot 10^{+73}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{\left|b\right|} \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({\left(\left|b\right|\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a}{\left|b\right|}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\frac{\sqrt{\left(\left(t\_1 - \left|t\_1\right|\right) \cdot {t\_0}^{4}\right) \cdot 8}}{\left|x-scale\right|} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot 0.25}{t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ \end{array} \]
                          (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
                           :precision binary64
                           (let* ((t_0 (* a (fabs b)))
                                  (t_1 (fma (* (+ 0.5 0.5) a) a (* (* (- 0.5 0.5) (fabs b)) (fabs b)))))
                             (if (<= (fabs b) 5.1e+73)
                               (*
                                (/ 0.25 (fabs b))
                                (/
                                 (*
                                  (*
                                   (*
                                    (/
                                     (sqrt
                                      (*
                                       8.0
                                       (*
                                        (pow (fabs b) 4.0)
                                        (-
                                         (* (* PI PI) 3.08641975308642e-5)
                                         (sqrt (* (pow PI 4.0) 9.525986892242036e-10))))))
                                     (fabs y-scale))
                                    angle)
                                   (* y-scale y-scale))
                                  a)
                                 (fabs b)))
                               (/
                                (*
                                 (*
                                  (/ (sqrt (* (* (- t_1 (fabs t_1)) (pow t_0 4.0)) 8.0)) (fabs x-scale))
                                  (* x-scale x-scale))
                                 0.25)
                                (* t_0 t_0)))))
                          double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
                          	double t_0 = a * fabs(b);
                          	double t_1 = fma(((0.5 + 0.5) * a), a, (((0.5 - 0.5) * fabs(b)) * fabs(b)));
                          	double tmp;
                          	if (fabs(b) <= 5.1e+73) {
                          		tmp = (0.25 / fabs(b)) * (((((sqrt((8.0 * (pow(fabs(b), 4.0) * (((((double) M_PI) * ((double) M_PI)) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - sqrt((pow(((double) M_PI), 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / fabs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a) / fabs(b));
                          	} else {
                          		tmp = (((sqrt((((t_1 - fabs(t_1)) * pow(t_0, 4.0)) * 8.0)) / fabs(x_45_scale)) * (x_45_scale * x_45_scale)) * 0.25) / (t_0 * t_0);
                          	}
                          	return tmp;
                          }
                          
                          function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
                          	t_0 = Float64(a * abs(b))
                          	t_1 = fma(Float64(Float64(0.5 + 0.5) * a), a, Float64(Float64(Float64(0.5 - 0.5) * abs(b)) * abs(b)))
                          	tmp = 0.0
                          	if (abs(b) <= 5.1e+73)
                          		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.25 / abs(b)) * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(8.0 * Float64((abs(b) ^ 4.0) * Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * pi) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - sqrt(Float64((pi ^ 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / abs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * Float64(y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a) / abs(b)));
                          	else
                          		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(Float64(t_1 - abs(t_1)) * (t_0 ^ 4.0)) * 8.0)) / abs(x_45_scale)) * Float64(x_45_scale * x_45_scale)) * 0.25) / Float64(t_0 * t_0));
                          	end
                          	return tmp
                          end
                          
                          code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(a * N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(N[(0.5 + 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] * a + N[(N[(N[(0.5 - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision], 5.1e+73], N[(N[(0.25 / N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(8.0 * N[(N[Power[N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision], 4.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(Pi * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * 3.08641975308642e-5), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[Pi, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] * 9.525986892242036e-10), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[y$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * angle), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[b], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(N[(t$95$1 - N[Abs[t$95$1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[t$95$0, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 8.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[x$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x$45$scale * x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.25), $MachinePrecision] / N[(t$95$0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
                          
                          \begin{array}{l}
                          t_0 := a \cdot \left|b\right|\\
                          t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right) \cdot \left|b\right|\right)\\
                          \mathbf{if}\;\left|b\right| \leq 5.1 \cdot 10^{+73}:\\
                          \;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{\left|b\right|} \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({\left(\left|b\right|\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a}{\left|b\right|}\\
                          
                          \mathbf{else}:\\
                          \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\frac{\sqrt{\left(\left(t\_1 - \left|t\_1\right|\right) \cdot {t\_0}^{4}\right) \cdot 8}}{\left|x-scale\right|} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot 0.25}{t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\
                          
                          
                          \end{array}
                          
                          Derivation
                          1. Split input into 2 regimes
                          2. if b < 5.10000000000000024e73

                            1. Initial program 0.0%

                              \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
                            2. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({x-scale}^{2} \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} + {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}}} \]
                            3. Applied rewrites0.5%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({x-scale}^{2} \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}, {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}}} \]
                            4. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

                              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                            5. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. lower-*.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                            6. Applied rewrites3.9%

                              \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                            7. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                            8. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. lower-*.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                              2. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                              3. lower-*.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                              4. lower-/.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                            9. Applied rewrites4.0%

                              \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot {\pi}^{2} - \sqrt{9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10} \cdot {\pi}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                            10. Applied rewrites21.3%

                              \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a}{b}} \]

                            if 5.10000000000000024e73 < b

                            1. Initial program 0.0%

                              \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
                            2. Taylor expanded in y-scale around 0

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) - \sqrt{{\left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)}{{x-scale}^{2}}}}{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
                            3. Applied rewrites0.8%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \frac{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left({a}^{2}, {\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}, {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left({a}^{2}, {\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}, {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)}{{x-scale}^{2}}}}{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
                            4. Applied rewrites2.4%

                              \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
                            5. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                              \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                            6. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. Applied rewrites2.2%

                                \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                              2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                                \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                              3. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. Applied rewrites1.9%

                                  \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right), a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                                2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                                  \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                                3. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. Applied rewrites2.1%

                                    \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                                  2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                                    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                                  3. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. Applied rewrites2.4%

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 + 0.5, a \cdot a, \left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                                    2. Step-by-step derivation
                                      1. lift-*.f64N/A

                                        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right)} \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                                      2. *-commutativeN/A

                                        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4} \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}, a \cdot a, \left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b\right)\right)\right|\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot 8} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{4}}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right)} \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                                    3. Applied rewrites8.5%

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{\sqrt{\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right) - \left|\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(0.5 + 0.5\right) \cdot a, a, \left(\left(0.5 - 0.5\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right|\right) \cdot {\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{4}\right) \cdot 8}}{\left|x-scale\right|} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot 0.25}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right)} \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
                                  4. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                  5. Add Preprocessing

                                  Alternative 5: 21.3% accurate, 9.5× speedup?

                                  \[\frac{0.25}{b} \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a}{b} \]
                                  (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
                                   :precision binary64
                                   (*
                                    (/ 0.25 b)
                                    (/
                                     (*
                                      (*
                                       (*
                                        (/
                                         (sqrt
                                          (*
                                           8.0
                                           (*
                                            (pow b 4.0)
                                            (-
                                             (* (* PI PI) 3.08641975308642e-5)
                                             (sqrt (* (pow PI 4.0) 9.525986892242036e-10))))))
                                         (fabs y-scale))
                                        angle)
                                       (* y-scale y-scale))
                                      a)
                                     b)))
                                  double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
                                  	return (0.25 / b) * (((((sqrt((8.0 * (pow(b, 4.0) * (((((double) M_PI) * ((double) M_PI)) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - sqrt((pow(((double) M_PI), 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / fabs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a) / b);
                                  }
                                  
                                  public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
                                  	return (0.25 / b) * (((((Math.sqrt((8.0 * (Math.pow(b, 4.0) * (((Math.PI * Math.PI) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - Math.sqrt((Math.pow(Math.PI, 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / Math.abs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a) / b);
                                  }
                                  
                                  def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
                                  	return (0.25 / b) * (((((math.sqrt((8.0 * (math.pow(b, 4.0) * (((math.pi * math.pi) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - math.sqrt((math.pow(math.pi, 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / math.fabs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a) / b)
                                  
                                  function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
                                  	return Float64(Float64(0.25 / b) * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(8.0 * Float64((b ^ 4.0) * Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * pi) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - sqrt(Float64((pi ^ 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / abs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * Float64(y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a) / b))
                                  end
                                  
                                  function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
                                  	tmp = (0.25 / b) * (((((sqrt((8.0 * ((b ^ 4.0) * (((pi * pi) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - sqrt(((pi ^ 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / abs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a) / b);
                                  end
                                  
                                  code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(N[(0.25 / b), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(8.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(Pi * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * 3.08641975308642e-5), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[Pi, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] * 9.525986892242036e-10), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[y$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * angle), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                                  
                                  \frac{0.25}{b} \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a}{b}
                                  
                                  Derivation
                                  1. Initial program 0.0%

                                    \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
                                  2. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({x-scale}^{2} \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} + {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}}} \]
                                  3. Applied rewrites0.5%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({x-scale}^{2} \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}, {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}}} \]
                                  4. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

                                    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                  5. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. lower-*.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                  6. Applied rewrites3.9%

                                    \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                  7. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                                    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                  8. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. lower-*.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                    2. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                    3. lower-*.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                    4. lower-/.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                  9. Applied rewrites4.0%

                                    \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot {\pi}^{2} - \sqrt{9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10} \cdot {\pi}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                  10. Applied rewrites21.3%

                                    \[\leadsto \frac{0.25}{b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a}{b}} \]
                                  11. Add Preprocessing

                                  Alternative 6: 9.3% accurate, 9.6× speedup?

                                  \[\frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a\right)}{b \cdot b} \]
                                  (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
                                   :precision binary64
                                   (/
                                    (*
                                     0.25
                                     (*
                                      (*
                                       (*
                                        (/
                                         (sqrt
                                          (*
                                           8.0
                                           (*
                                            (pow b 4.0)
                                            (-
                                             (* (* PI PI) 3.08641975308642e-5)
                                             (sqrt (* (pow PI 4.0) 9.525986892242036e-10))))))
                                         (fabs y-scale))
                                        angle)
                                       (* y-scale y-scale))
                                      a))
                                    (* b b)))
                                  double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
                                  	return (0.25 * ((((sqrt((8.0 * (pow(b, 4.0) * (((((double) M_PI) * ((double) M_PI)) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - sqrt((pow(((double) M_PI), 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / fabs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a)) / (b * b);
                                  }
                                  
                                  public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
                                  	return (0.25 * ((((Math.sqrt((8.0 * (Math.pow(b, 4.0) * (((Math.PI * Math.PI) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - Math.sqrt((Math.pow(Math.PI, 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / Math.abs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a)) / (b * b);
                                  }
                                  
                                  def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
                                  	return (0.25 * ((((math.sqrt((8.0 * (math.pow(b, 4.0) * (((math.pi * math.pi) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - math.sqrt((math.pow(math.pi, 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / math.fabs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a)) / (b * b)
                                  
                                  function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
                                  	return Float64(Float64(0.25 * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(8.0 * Float64((b ^ 4.0) * Float64(Float64(Float64(pi * pi) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - sqrt(Float64((pi ^ 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / abs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * Float64(y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a)) / Float64(b * b))
                                  end
                                  
                                  function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
                                  	tmp = (0.25 * ((((sqrt((8.0 * ((b ^ 4.0) * (((pi * pi) * 3.08641975308642e-5) - sqrt(((pi ^ 4.0) * 9.525986892242036e-10)))))) / abs(y_45_scale)) * angle) * (y_45_scale * y_45_scale)) * a)) / (b * b);
                                  end
                                  
                                  code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(N[(0.25 * N[(N[(N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(8.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(Pi * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * 3.08641975308642e-5), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[Pi, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] * 9.525986892242036e-10), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Abs[y$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * angle), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                                  
                                  \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a\right)}{b \cdot b}
                                  
                                  Derivation
                                  1. Initial program 0.0%

                                    \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
                                  2. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({x-scale}^{2} \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} + {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}}} \]
                                  3. Applied rewrites0.5%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({x-scale}^{2} \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}, {\left(\frac{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} - \frac{{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}}} \]
                                  4. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

                                    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                  5. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. lower-*.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                  6. Applied rewrites3.9%

                                    \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left({\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                  7. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

                                    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                  8. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. lower-*.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                    2. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                    3. lower-*.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                    4. lower-/.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} - \sqrt{\frac{1}{1049760000} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                  9. Applied rewrites4.0%

                                    \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left({y-scale}^{2} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \sqrt{8 \cdot \frac{{b}^{4} \cdot \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot {\pi}^{2} - \sqrt{9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10} \cdot {\pi}^{4}}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2}}}\right)\right)}{{b}^{2}} \]
                                  10. Applied rewrites9.3%

                                    \[\leadsto \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(\left(\left(\frac{\sqrt{8 \cdot \left({b}^{4} \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} - \sqrt{{\pi}^{4} \cdot 9.525986892242036 \cdot 10^{-10}}\right)\right)}}{\left|y-scale\right|} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot a\right)}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}} \]
                                  11. Add Preprocessing

                                  Reproduce

                                  ?
                                  herbie shell --seed 2025170 
                                  (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
                                    :name "b from scale-rotated-ellipse"
                                    :precision binary64
                                    (/ (- (sqrt (* (* (* 2.0 (/ (* 4.0 (* (* b a) (* b (- a)))) (pow (* x-scale y-scale) 2.0))) (* (* b a) (* b (- a)))) (- (+ (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale) (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale) (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)) 2.0) (pow (/ (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) x-scale) y-scale) 2.0))))))) (/ (* 4.0 (* (* b a) (* b (- a)))) (pow (* x-scale y-scale) 2.0))))