math.sin on complex, imaginary part

Percentage Accurate: 53.6% → 99.9%

Time: 4.1s

Alternatives: 12

Speedup: 1.0×

• 48.9% of points produce a very large (infinite) output. You may want to add a precondition.

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (re im)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im)) (exp im))))

C

double code(double re, double im) {
	return (0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im)) - exp(im));
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(re, im)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im
    code = (0.5d0 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0d0 - im)) - exp(im))
end function

Java

public static double code(double re, double im) {
	return (0.5 * Math.cos(re)) * (Math.exp((0.0 - im)) - Math.exp(im));
}

Python

def code(re, im):
	return (0.5 * math.cos(re)) * (math.exp((0.0 - im)) - math.exp(im))

Julia

function code(re, im)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 * cos(re)) * Float64(exp(Float64(0.0 - im)) - exp(im)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(re, im)
	tmp = (0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im)) - exp(im));
end

Wolfram

code[re_, im_] := N[(N[(0.5 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Exp[N[(0.0 - im), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 53.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (re im)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im)) (exp im))))

C

double code(double re, double im) {
	return (0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im)) - exp(im));
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(re, im)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im
    code = (0.5d0 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0d0 - im)) - exp(im))
end function

Java

public static double code(double re, double im) {
	return (0.5 * Math.cos(re)) * (Math.exp((0.0 - im)) - Math.exp(im));
}

Python

def code(re, im):
	return (0.5 * math.cos(re)) * (math.exp((0.0 - im)) - math.exp(im))

Julia

function code(re, im)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 * cos(re)) * Float64(exp(Float64(0.0 - im)) - exp(im)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(re, im)
	tmp = (0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im)) - exp(im));
end

Wolfram

code[re_, im_] := N[(N[(0.5 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Exp[N[(0.0 - im), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.9% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im\_m \leq 0.0145:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-\cos re, im\_m, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot im\_m\right), \cos re, -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot im\_m\right)\right) \cdot im\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(e^{-im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\right) \cdot \left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  im_s
  (if (<= im_m 0.0145)
    (fma
     (- (cos re))
     im_m
     (*
      (*
       (fma
        (* -0.008333333333333333 (* im_m im_m))
        (cos re)
        (* -0.16666666666666666 (cos re)))
       (* im_m im_m))
      im_m))
    (* (- (exp (- im_m)) (exp im_m)) (* (cos re) 0.5)))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 0.0145) {
		tmp = fma(-cos(re), im_m, ((fma((-0.008333333333333333 * (im_m * im_m)), cos(re), (-0.16666666666666666 * cos(re))) * (im_m * im_m)) * im_m));
	} else {
		tmp = (exp(-im_m) - exp(im_m)) * (cos(re) * 0.5);
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (im_m <= 0.0145)
		tmp = fma(Float64(-cos(re)), im_m, Float64(Float64(fma(Float64(-0.008333333333333333 * Float64(im_m * im_m)), cos(re), Float64(-0.16666666666666666 * cos(re))) * Float64(im_m * im_m)) * im_m));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(exp(Float64(-im_m)) - exp(im_m)) * Float64(cos(re) * 0.5));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[im$95$m, 0.0145], N[((-N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]) * im$95$m + N[(N[(N[(N[(-0.008333333333333333 * N[(im$95$m * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision] + N[(-0.16666666666666666 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(im$95$m * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Exp[(-im$95$m)], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if im < 0.0145000000000000007

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{im \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \cos re + {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \cos re + {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \color{blue}{\cos re}, {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-cos.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      4. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      5. lower-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      6. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      7. lower-cos.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      8. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      10. lower-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      11. lower-cos.f64 90.8

          \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \cos re, -0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 90.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \cos re, -0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \cos re + \color{blue}{{im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)}\right) \]

      3. distribute-rgt-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(-1 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot im + \color{blue}{\left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im} \]

      4. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1 \cdot \cos re, \color{blue}{im}, \left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

      5. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\cos re\right), im, \left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

      6. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\cos re, im, \left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

      7. lower-*.f64 90.8

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\cos re, im, \left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \cos re, -0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

   6. Applied rewrites 90.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\cos re, \color{blue}{im}, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

   if 0.0145000000000000007 < im

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 53.6

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      4. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{0 - im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

      5. sub0-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

      6. lower-neg.f64 53.6

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \]

      7. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      8. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos re \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 53.6

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right)} \]

   3. Applied rewrites 53.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.9% accurate, 0.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im\_m \leq 0.0145:\\ \;\;\;\;im\_m \cdot \left(\left(-\cos re\right) + \left(\left(\cos re \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(im\_m \cdot im\_m, -0.008333333333333333, -0.16666666666666666\right)\right) \cdot im\_m\right) \cdot im\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(e^{-im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\right) \cdot \left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  im_s
  (if (<= im_m 0.0145)
    (*
     im_m
     (+
      (- (cos re))
      (*
       (*
        (*
         (cos re)
         (fma (* im_m im_m) -0.008333333333333333 -0.16666666666666666))
        im_m)
       im_m)))
    (* (- (exp (- im_m)) (exp im_m)) (* (cos re) 0.5)))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 0.0145) {
		tmp = im_m * (-cos(re) + (((cos(re) * fma((im_m * im_m), -0.008333333333333333, -0.16666666666666666)) * im_m) * im_m));
	} else {
		tmp = (exp(-im_m) - exp(im_m)) * (cos(re) * 0.5);
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (im_m <= 0.0145)
		tmp = Float64(im_m * Float64(Float64(-cos(re)) + Float64(Float64(Float64(cos(re) * fma(Float64(im_m * im_m), -0.008333333333333333, -0.16666666666666666)) * im_m) * im_m)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(exp(Float64(-im_m)) - exp(im_m)) * Float64(cos(re) * 0.5));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[im$95$m, 0.0145], N[(im$95$m * N[((-N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]) + N[(N[(N[(N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(im$95$m * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * -0.008333333333333333 + -0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Exp[(-im$95$m)], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if im < 0.0145000000000000007

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{im \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \cos re + {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \cos re + {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \color{blue}{\cos re}, {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-cos.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      4. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      5. lower-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      6. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      7. lower-cos.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      8. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      10. lower-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      11. lower-cos.f64 90.8

          \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \cos re, -0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 90.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \cos re, -0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \cos re + \color{blue}{{im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)}\right) \]

      3. distribute-rgt-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(-1 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot im + \color{blue}{\left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im} \]

      4. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1 \cdot \cos re, \color{blue}{im}, \left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

      5. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\cos re\right), im, \left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

      6. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\cos re, im, \left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

      7. lower-*.f64 90.8

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\cos re, im, \left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \cos re, -0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

   6. Applied rewrites 90.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\cos re, \color{blue}{im}, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(-\cos re\right) \cdot im + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot im} \]

      2. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(-\cos re\right) \cdot im + \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{im} \]

      3. distribute-rgt-out N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\cos re\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)\right)} \]

      4. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\cos re\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)\right)} \]

      5. lower-+.f64 90.8

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \left(\left(-\cos re\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)}\right) \]

      6. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \left(\left(-\cos re\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot im\right)}\right) \]

      7. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \left(\left(-\cos re\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \color{blue}{im}\right)\right) \]

      8. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \left(\left(-\cos re\right) + \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \color{blue}{im}\right) \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \left(\left(-\cos re\right) + \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \color{blue}{im}\right) \]

   8. Applied rewrites 90.8%

      \[\leadsto im \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\cos re\right) + \left(\left(\cos re \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(im \cdot im, -0.008333333333333333, -0.16666666666666666\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot im\right)} \]

   if 0.0145000000000000007 < im

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 53.6

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      4. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{0 - im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

      5. sub0-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

      6. lower-neg.f64 53.6

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \]

      7. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      8. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos re \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 53.6

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right)} \]

   3. Applied rewrites 53.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \cos re \cdot 0.5\\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im\_m \leq 0.0145:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.016666666666666666, im\_m \cdot im\_m, -0.3333333333333333\right), im\_m \cdot im\_m, -2\right) \cdot im\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(e^{-im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\right) \cdot t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (cos re) 0.5)))
   (*
    im_s
    (if (<= im_m 0.0145)
      (*
       t_0
       (*
        (fma
         (fma -0.016666666666666666 (* im_m im_m) -0.3333333333333333)
         (* im_m im_m)
         -2.0)
        im_m))
      (* (- (exp (- im_m)) (exp im_m)) t_0)))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double t_0 = cos(re) * 0.5;
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 0.0145) {
		tmp = t_0 * (fma(fma(-0.016666666666666666, (im_m * im_m), -0.3333333333333333), (im_m * im_m), -2.0) * im_m);
	} else {
		tmp = (exp(-im_m) - exp(im_m)) * t_0;
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	t_0 = Float64(cos(re) * 0.5)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (im_m <= 0.0145)
		tmp = Float64(t_0 * Float64(fma(fma(-0.016666666666666666, Float64(im_m * im_m), -0.3333333333333333), Float64(im_m * im_m), -2.0) * im_m));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(exp(Float64(-im_m)) - exp(im_m)) * t_0);
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[im$95$m, 0.0145], N[(t$95$0 * N[(N[(N[(-0.016666666666666666 * N[(im$95$m * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision] + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision] * N[(im$95$m * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision] + -2.0), $MachinePrecision] * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Exp[(-im$95$m)], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if im < 0.0145000000000000007

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \color{blue}{\left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)}\right) \]

      2. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \color{blue}{2}\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      4. lower-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      5. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      6. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      7. lower-pow.f64 90.8

         \[\leadsto \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(-0.016666666666666666 \cdot {im}^{2} - 0.3333333333333333\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 90.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(-0.016666666666666666 \cdot {im}^{2} - 0.3333333333333333\right) - 2\right)\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos re \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 90.8

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(-0.016666666666666666 \cdot {im}^{2} - 0.3333333333333333\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\cos re \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \color{blue}{\left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)}\right) \]

      5. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\cos re \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{im}\right) \]

      6. lower-*.f64 90.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(\left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(-0.016666666666666666 \cdot {im}^{2} - 0.3333333333333333\right) - 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{im}\right) \]

   6. Applied rewrites 90.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.016666666666666666, im \cdot im, -0.3333333333333333\right), im \cdot im, -2\right) \cdot im\right)} \]

   if 0.0145000000000000007 < im

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 53.6

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      4. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{0 - im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

      5. sub0-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

      6. lower-neg.f64 53.6

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \]

      7. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      8. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos re \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 53.6

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right)} \]

   3. Applied rewrites 53.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 99.2% accurate, 0.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\right)\\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+301}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left(-im\_m\right) + 1\right) - e^{im\_m}\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_0 \leq 10^{-8}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.016666666666666666, im\_m \cdot im\_m, -0.3333333333333333\right), im\_m \cdot im\_m, -2\right) \cdot im\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(e^{-im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(re \cdot re, -0.25, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im_m)) (exp im_m)))))
   (*
    im_s
    (if (<= t_0 -5e+301)
      (* (- (+ (- im_m) 1.0) (exp im_m)) 0.5)
      (if (<= t_0 1e-8)
        (*
         (* (cos re) 0.5)
         (*
          (fma
           (fma -0.016666666666666666 (* im_m im_m) -0.3333333333333333)
           (* im_m im_m)
           -2.0)
          im_m))
        (* (- (exp (- im_m)) (exp im_m)) (fma (* re re) -0.25 0.5)))))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double t_0 = (0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m));
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 <= -5e+301) {
		tmp = ((-im_m + 1.0) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5;
	} else if (t_0 <= 1e-8) {
		tmp = (cos(re) * 0.5) * (fma(fma(-0.016666666666666666, (im_m * im_m), -0.3333333333333333), (im_m * im_m), -2.0) * im_m);
	} else {
		tmp = (exp(-im_m) - exp(im_m)) * fma((re * re), -0.25, 0.5);
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(0.5 * cos(re)) * Float64(exp(Float64(0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_0 <= -5e+301)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(-im_m) + 1.0) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5);
	elseif (t_0 <= 1e-8)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(cos(re) * 0.5) * Float64(fma(fma(-0.016666666666666666, Float64(im_m * im_m), -0.3333333333333333), Float64(im_m * im_m), -2.0) * im_m));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(exp(Float64(-im_m)) - exp(im_m)) * fma(Float64(re * re), -0.25, 0.5));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(0.5 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Exp[N[(0.0 - im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[t$95$0, -5e+301], N[(N[(N[((-im$95$m) + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$0, 1e-8], N[(N[(N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(-0.016666666666666666 * N[(im$95$m * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision] + -0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision] * N[(im$95$m * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision] + -2.0), $MachinePrecision] * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Exp[(-im$95$m)], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] * -0.25 + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im))) < -5.0000000000000004e301

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - \color{blue}{e^{im}}\right) \]

      3. lower-exp.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]

      4. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      5. lower-exp.f64 41.2

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 41.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 40.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]

      4. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      5. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-1 \cdot im + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      6. lower-+.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-1 \cdot im + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

      7. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-1 \cdot im + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      8. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)\right) + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      9. lower-neg.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(-im\right) + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

   9. Applied rewrites 40.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-im\right) + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot 0.5} \]

   if -5.0000000000000004e301 < (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im))) < 1e-8

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \color{blue}{\left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)}\right) \]

      2. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \color{blue}{2}\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      4. lower-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      5. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      6. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      7. lower-pow.f64 90.8

         \[\leadsto \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(-0.016666666666666666 \cdot {im}^{2} - 0.3333333333333333\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 90.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(-0.016666666666666666 \cdot {im}^{2} - 0.3333333333333333\right) - 2\right)\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \cos re\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos re \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 90.8

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(-0.016666666666666666 \cdot {im}^{2} - 0.3333333333333333\right) - 2\right)\right) \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\cos re \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot \color{blue}{\left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right)}\right) \]

      5. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\cos re \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{60} \cdot {im}^{2} - \frac{1}{3}\right) - 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{im}\right) \]

      6. lower-*.f64 90.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(\left({im}^{2} \cdot \left(-0.016666666666666666 \cdot {im}^{2} - 0.3333333333333333\right) - 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{im}\right) \]

   6. Applied rewrites 90.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos re \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.016666666666666666, im \cdot im, -0.3333333333333333\right), im \cdot im, -2\right) \cdot im\right)} \]

   if 1e-8 < (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im)))

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{{re}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. lower-pow.f64 39.7

         \[\leadsto \left(0.5 + -0.25 \cdot {re}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 39.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.5 + -0.25 \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]

      3. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{0 - im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \]

      4. sub0-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \]

      5. lift-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \]

      6. lower-*.f64 39.7

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.25 \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]

      7. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}}\right) \]

      8. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \]

      9. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \]

      10. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left({re}^{2} \cdot \frac{-1}{4} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \]

      11. lower-fma.f64 39.7

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left({re}^{2}, \color{blue}{-0.25}, 0.5\right) \]

      12. lift-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left({re}^{2}, \frac{-1}{4}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]

      13. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(re \cdot re, \frac{-1}{4}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]

      14. lower-*.f64 39.7

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(re \cdot re, -0.25, 0.5\right) \]

   6. Applied rewrites 39.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(re \cdot re, -0.25, 0.5\right)} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 99.1% accurate, 0.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := e^{-im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\\ t_1 := \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\right)\\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-5}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 10^{-8}:\\ \;\;\;\;-\cos re \cdot im\_m\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(re \cdot re, -0.25, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (- (exp (- im_m)) (exp im_m)))
        (t_1 (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im_m)) (exp im_m)))))
   (*
    im_s
    (if (<= t_1 -5e-5)
      (* t_0 0.5)
      (if (<= t_1 1e-8)
        (- (* (cos re) im_m))
        (* t_0 (fma (* re re) -0.25 0.5)))))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double t_0 = exp(-im_m) - exp(im_m);
	double t_1 = (0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m));
	double tmp;
	if (t_1 <= -5e-5) {
		tmp = t_0 * 0.5;
	} else if (t_1 <= 1e-8) {
		tmp = -(cos(re) * im_m);
	} else {
		tmp = t_0 * fma((re * re), -0.25, 0.5);
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	t_0 = Float64(exp(Float64(-im_m)) - exp(im_m))
	t_1 = Float64(Float64(0.5 * cos(re)) * Float64(exp(Float64(0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_1 <= -5e-5)
		tmp = Float64(t_0 * 0.5);
	elseif (t_1 <= 1e-8)
		tmp = Float64(-Float64(cos(re) * im_m));
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_0 * fma(Float64(re * re), -0.25, 0.5));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[Exp[(-im$95$m)], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(0.5 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Exp[N[(0.0 - im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[t$95$1, -5e-5], N[(t$95$0 * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$1, 1e-8], (-N[(N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision] * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), N[(t$95$0 * N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] * -0.25 + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im))) < -5.00000000000000024e-5

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - \color{blue}{e^{im}}\right) \]

      3. lower-exp.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]

      4. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      5. lower-exp.f64 41.2

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 41.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 41.2

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]

   6. Applied rewrites 41.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]

   if -5.00000000000000024e-5 < (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im))) < 1e-8

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

      3. lower-cos.f64 52.8

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 52.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      2. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(im \cdot \cos re\right) \]

      3. lower-neg.f64 52.8

         \[\leadsto -im \cdot \cos re \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -im \cdot \cos re \]

      5. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto -\cos re \cdot im \]

      6. lower-*.f64 52.8

         \[\leadsto -\cos re \cdot im \]

   6. Applied rewrites 52.8%

      \[\leadsto -\cos re \cdot im \]

   if 1e-8 < (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im)))

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{{re}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. lower-pow.f64 39.7

         \[\leadsto \left(0.5 + -0.25 \cdot {re}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 39.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.5 + -0.25 \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]

      3. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{0 - im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \]

      4. sub0-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \]

      5. lift-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \]

      6. lower-*.f64 39.7

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.25 \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]

      7. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}}\right) \]

      8. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \]

      9. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \]

      10. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left({re}^{2} \cdot \frac{-1}{4} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \]

      11. lower-fma.f64 39.7

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left({re}^{2}, \color{blue}{-0.25}, 0.5\right) \]

      12. lift-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left({re}^{2}, \frac{-1}{4}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]

      13. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(re \cdot re, \frac{-1}{4}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]

      14. lower-*.f64 39.7

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(re \cdot re, -0.25, 0.5\right) \]

   6. Applied rewrites 39.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(re \cdot re, -0.25, 0.5\right)} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 77.4% accurate, 0.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\right)\\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+301}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left(-im\_m\right) + 1\right) - e^{im\_m}\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_0 \leq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im\_m, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot im\_m\right), 1, -0.16666666666666666 \cdot 1\right) \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot im\_m\right)\right) \cdot im\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(e^{-im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(re \cdot re, -0.25, 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im_m)) (exp im_m)))))
   (*
    im_s
    (if (<= t_0 -5e+301)
      (* (- (+ (- im_m) 1.0) (exp im_m)) 0.5)
      (if (<= t_0 0.0)
        (fma
         (- 1.0)
         im_m
         (*
          (*
           (fma
            (* -0.008333333333333333 (* im_m im_m))
            1.0
            (* -0.16666666666666666 1.0))
           (* im_m im_m))
          im_m))
        (* (- (exp (- im_m)) (exp im_m)) (fma (* re re) -0.25 0.5)))))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double t_0 = (0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m));
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 <= -5e+301) {
		tmp = ((-im_m + 1.0) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5;
	} else if (t_0 <= 0.0) {
		tmp = fma(-1.0, im_m, ((fma((-0.008333333333333333 * (im_m * im_m)), 1.0, (-0.16666666666666666 * 1.0)) * (im_m * im_m)) * im_m));
	} else {
		tmp = (exp(-im_m) - exp(im_m)) * fma((re * re), -0.25, 0.5);
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(0.5 * cos(re)) * Float64(exp(Float64(0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_0 <= -5e+301)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(-im_m) + 1.0) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5);
	elseif (t_0 <= 0.0)
		tmp = fma(Float64(-1.0), im_m, Float64(Float64(fma(Float64(-0.008333333333333333 * Float64(im_m * im_m)), 1.0, Float64(-0.16666666666666666 * 1.0)) * Float64(im_m * im_m)) * im_m));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(exp(Float64(-im_m)) - exp(im_m)) * fma(Float64(re * re), -0.25, 0.5));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(0.5 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Exp[N[(0.0 - im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[t$95$0, -5e+301], N[(N[(N[((-im$95$m) + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$0, 0.0], N[((-1.0) * im$95$m + N[(N[(N[(N[(-0.008333333333333333 * N[(im$95$m * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 1.0 + N[(-0.16666666666666666 * 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(im$95$m * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Exp[(-im$95$m)], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] * -0.25 + 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im))) < -5.0000000000000004e301

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - \color{blue}{e^{im}}\right) \]

      3. lower-exp.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]

      4. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      5. lower-exp.f64 41.2

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 41.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 40.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]

      4. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      5. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-1 \cdot im + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      6. lower-+.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-1 \cdot im + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

      7. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-1 \cdot im + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      8. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)\right) + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      9. lower-neg.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(-im\right) + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

   9. Applied rewrites 40.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-im\right) + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot 0.5} \]

   if -5.0000000000000004e301 < (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im))) < 0.0

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{im \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \cos re + {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \cos re + {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \color{blue}{\cos re}, {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-cos.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      4. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      5. lower-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re + \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      6. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      7. lower-cos.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      8. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      10. lower-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

      11. lower-cos.f64 90.8

          \[\leadsto im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \cos re, -0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 90.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{im \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \cos re, -0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \cos re, {im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto im \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \cos re + \color{blue}{{im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)}\right) \]

      3. distribute-rgt-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(-1 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot im + \color{blue}{\left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im} \]

      4. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1 \cdot \cos re, \color{blue}{im}, \left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

      5. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\cos re\right), im, \left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

      6. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\cos re, im, \left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{6}, \cos re, \frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

      7. lower-*.f64 90.8

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\cos re, im, \left({im}^{2} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \cos re, -0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left({im}^{2} \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

   6. Applied rewrites 90.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-\cos re, \color{blue}{im}, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

   7. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

   9. Applied rewrites 68.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), \cos re, -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

   10. Taylor expanded in re around 0

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), 1, \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]
   11. Step-by-step derivation

   12. Applied rewrites 59.4%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), 1, -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

   13. Taylor expanded in re around 0

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{120} \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), 1, \frac{-1}{6} \cdot 1\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]
   14. Step-by-step derivation

   15. Applied rewrites 59.4%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.008333333333333333 \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right), 1, -0.16666666666666666 \cdot 1\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot im\right) \]

   if 0.0 < (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im)))

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{{re}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. lower-pow.f64 39.7

         \[\leadsto \left(0.5 + -0.25 \cdot {re}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 39.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.5 + -0.25 \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]

      3. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{0 - im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \]

      4. sub0-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \]

      5. lift-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \]

      6. lower-*.f64 39.7

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(0.5 + -0.25 \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]

      7. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2}}\right) \]

      8. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \]

      9. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {re}^{2} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \]

      10. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \left({re}^{2} \cdot \frac{-1}{4} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \]

      11. lower-fma.f64 39.7

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left({re}^{2}, \color{blue}{-0.25}, 0.5\right) \]

      12. lift-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left({re}^{2}, \frac{-1}{4}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]

      13. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(re \cdot re, \frac{-1}{4}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \]

      14. lower-*.f64 39.7

          \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(re \cdot re, -0.25, 0.5\right) \]

   6. Applied rewrites 39.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(re \cdot re, -0.25, 0.5\right)} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 72.7% accurate, 0.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\right) \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-5}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(e^{-im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\_m\right) \cdot 0.5}{-im\_m}\right) \cdot \left(-im\_m\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  im_s
  (if (<= (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im_m)) (exp im_m))) -5e-5)
    (* (- (exp (- im_m)) (exp im_m)) 0.5)
    (* (+ 1.0 (/ (* (* (* re re) im_m) 0.5) (- im_m))) (- im_m)))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (((0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= -5e-5) {
		tmp = (exp(-im_m) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5;
	} else {
		tmp = (1.0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / -im_m)) * -im_m;
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Fortran

im\_m =     private
im\_s =     private
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(im_s, re, im_m)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_m
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (((0.5d0 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0d0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= (-5d-5)) then
        tmp = (exp(-im_m) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5d0
    else
        tmp = (1.0d0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5d0) / -im_m)) * -im_m
    end if
    code = im_s * tmp
end function

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (((0.5 * Math.cos(re)) * (Math.exp((0.0 - im_m)) - Math.exp(im_m))) <= -5e-5) {
		tmp = (Math.exp(-im_m) - Math.exp(im_m)) * 0.5;
	} else {
		tmp = (1.0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / -im_m)) * -im_m;
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	tmp = 0
	if ((0.5 * math.cos(re)) * (math.exp((0.0 - im_m)) - math.exp(im_m))) <= -5e-5:
		tmp = (math.exp(-im_m) - math.exp(im_m)) * 0.5
	else:
		tmp = (1.0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / -im_m)) * -im_m
	return im_s * tmp

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(0.5 * cos(re)) * Float64(exp(Float64(0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= -5e-5)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(exp(Float64(-im_m)) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / Float64(-im_m))) * Float64(-im_m));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

MATLAB

im\_m = abs(im);
im\_s = sign(im) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (((0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= -5e-5)
		tmp = (exp(-im_m) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5;
	else
		tmp = (1.0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / -im_m)) * -im_m;
	end
	tmp_2 = im_s * tmp;
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[N[(N[(0.5 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Exp[N[(0.0 - im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -5e-5], N[(N[(N[Exp[(-im$95$m)], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(1.0 + N[(N[(N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] / (-im$95$m)), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * (-im$95$m)), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im))) < -5.00000000000000024e-5

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - \color{blue}{e^{im}}\right) \]

      3. lower-exp.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]

      4. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      5. lower-exp.f64 41.2

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 41.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 41.2

         \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]

   6. Applied rewrites 41.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]

   if -5.00000000000000024e-5 < (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im)))

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

      3. lower-cos.f64 52.8

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 52.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot im + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

      4. lower-pow.f64 36.4

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 36.4%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \color{blue}{im}, 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot im + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]

      2. sum-to-mult N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{im}\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{im}\right) \]

      4. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{2}{2} + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      5. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{2}{2} + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      6. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      7. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      8. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      9. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      10. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      11. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      12. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left({re}^{2} \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      13. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left({re}^{2} \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      14. lift-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left({re}^{2} \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      15. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      16. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      17. mul-1-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      18. lower-neg.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      19. mul-1-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-im}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)\right) \]

      20. lower-neg.f64 36.4

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot 0.5}{-im}\right) \cdot \left(-im\right) \]

   9. Applied rewrites 36.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot 0.5}{-im}\right) \cdot \left(-im\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 72.4% accurate, 0.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\right) \leq -0.0004:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot \left(\frac{1}{im\_m} - 1\right) - e^{im\_m}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\_m\right) \cdot 0.5}{-im\_m}\right) \cdot \left(-im\_m\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  im_s
  (if (<= (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im_m)) (exp im_m))) -0.0004)
    (* 0.5 (- (* im_m (- (/ 1.0 im_m) 1.0)) (exp im_m)))
    (* (+ 1.0 (/ (* (* (* re re) im_m) 0.5) (- im_m))) (- im_m)))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (((0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= -0.0004) {
		tmp = 0.5 * ((im_m * ((1.0 / im_m) - 1.0)) - exp(im_m));
	} else {
		tmp = (1.0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / -im_m)) * -im_m;
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Fortran

im\_m =     private
im\_s =     private
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(im_s, re, im_m)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_m
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (((0.5d0 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0d0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= (-0.0004d0)) then
        tmp = 0.5d0 * ((im_m * ((1.0d0 / im_m) - 1.0d0)) - exp(im_m))
    else
        tmp = (1.0d0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5d0) / -im_m)) * -im_m
    end if
    code = im_s * tmp
end function

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (((0.5 * Math.cos(re)) * (Math.exp((0.0 - im_m)) - Math.exp(im_m))) <= -0.0004) {
		tmp = 0.5 * ((im_m * ((1.0 / im_m) - 1.0)) - Math.exp(im_m));
	} else {
		tmp = (1.0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / -im_m)) * -im_m;
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	tmp = 0
	if ((0.5 * math.cos(re)) * (math.exp((0.0 - im_m)) - math.exp(im_m))) <= -0.0004:
		tmp = 0.5 * ((im_m * ((1.0 / im_m) - 1.0)) - math.exp(im_m))
	else:
		tmp = (1.0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / -im_m)) * -im_m
	return im_s * tmp

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(0.5 * cos(re)) * Float64(exp(Float64(0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= -0.0004)
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(Float64(im_m * Float64(Float64(1.0 / im_m) - 1.0)) - exp(im_m)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / Float64(-im_m))) * Float64(-im_m));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

MATLAB

im\_m = abs(im);
im\_s = sign(im) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (((0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= -0.0004)
		tmp = 0.5 * ((im_m * ((1.0 / im_m) - 1.0)) - exp(im_m));
	else
		tmp = (1.0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / -im_m)) * -im_m;
	end
	tmp_2 = im_s * tmp;
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[N[(N[(0.5 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Exp[N[(0.0 - im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -0.0004], N[(0.5 * N[(N[(im$95$m * N[(N[(1.0 / im$95$m), $MachinePrecision] - 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(1.0 + N[(N[(N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] / (-im$95$m)), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * (-im$95$m)), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im))) < -4.00000000000000019e-4

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - \color{blue}{e^{im}}\right) \]

      3. lower-exp.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]

      4. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      5. lower-exp.f64 41.2

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 41.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 40.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]

   8. Taylor expanded in im around inf

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot \left(\frac{1}{im} - 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot \left(\frac{1}{im} - 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot \left(\frac{1}{im} - 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. lower-/.f64 40.7

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot \left(\frac{1}{im} - 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

   10. Applied rewrites 40.7%

       \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot \left(\frac{1}{im} - 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

   if -4.00000000000000019e-4 < (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im)))

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

      3. lower-cos.f64 52.8

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 52.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot im + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

      4. lower-pow.f64 36.4

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 36.4%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \color{blue}{im}, 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot im + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]

      2. sum-to-mult N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{im}\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{im}\right) \]

      4. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{2}{2} + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      5. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{2}{2} + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      6. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      7. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      8. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      9. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      10. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      11. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      12. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left({re}^{2} \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      13. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left({re}^{2} \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      14. lift-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left({re}^{2} \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      15. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      16. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      17. mul-1-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      18. lower-neg.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      19. mul-1-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-im}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)\right) \]

      20. lower-neg.f64 36.4

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot 0.5}{-im}\right) \cdot \left(-im\right) \]

   9. Applied rewrites 36.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot 0.5}{-im}\right) \cdot \left(-im\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 72.4% accurate, 0.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\right) \leq -0.0004:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left(-im\_m\right) + 1\right) - e^{im\_m}\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\_m\right) \cdot 0.5}{-im\_m}\right) \cdot \left(-im\_m\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  im_s
  (if (<= (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im_m)) (exp im_m))) -0.0004)
    (* (- (+ (- im_m) 1.0) (exp im_m)) 0.5)
    (* (+ 1.0 (/ (* (* (* re re) im_m) 0.5) (- im_m))) (- im_m)))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (((0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= -0.0004) {
		tmp = ((-im_m + 1.0) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5;
	} else {
		tmp = (1.0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / -im_m)) * -im_m;
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Fortran

im\_m =     private
im\_s =     private
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(im_s, re, im_m)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_m
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (((0.5d0 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0d0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= (-0.0004d0)) then
        tmp = ((-im_m + 1.0d0) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5d0
    else
        tmp = (1.0d0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5d0) / -im_m)) * -im_m
    end if
    code = im_s * tmp
end function

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (((0.5 * Math.cos(re)) * (Math.exp((0.0 - im_m)) - Math.exp(im_m))) <= -0.0004) {
		tmp = ((-im_m + 1.0) - Math.exp(im_m)) * 0.5;
	} else {
		tmp = (1.0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / -im_m)) * -im_m;
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	tmp = 0
	if ((0.5 * math.cos(re)) * (math.exp((0.0 - im_m)) - math.exp(im_m))) <= -0.0004:
		tmp = ((-im_m + 1.0) - math.exp(im_m)) * 0.5
	else:
		tmp = (1.0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / -im_m)) * -im_m
	return im_s * tmp

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(0.5 * cos(re)) * Float64(exp(Float64(0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= -0.0004)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(-im_m) + 1.0) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(1.0 + Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / Float64(-im_m))) * Float64(-im_m));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

MATLAB

im\_m = abs(im);
im\_s = sign(im) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (((0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= -0.0004)
		tmp = ((-im_m + 1.0) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5;
	else
		tmp = (1.0 + ((((re * re) * im_m) * 0.5) / -im_m)) * -im_m;
	end
	tmp_2 = im_s * tmp;
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[N[(N[(0.5 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Exp[N[(0.0 - im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -0.0004], N[(N[(N[((-im$95$m) + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(1.0 + N[(N[(N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] / (-im$95$m)), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * (-im$95$m)), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im))) < -4.00000000000000019e-4

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - \color{blue}{e^{im}}\right) \]

      3. lower-exp.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]

      4. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      5. lower-exp.f64 41.2

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 41.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 40.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]

      4. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      5. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-1 \cdot im + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      6. lower-+.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-1 \cdot im + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

      7. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-1 \cdot im + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      8. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)\right) + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      9. lower-neg.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(-im\right) + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

   9. Applied rewrites 40.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-im\right) + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot 0.5} \]

   if -4.00000000000000019e-4 < (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im)))

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

      3. lower-cos.f64 52.8

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 52.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot im + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

      4. lower-pow.f64 36.4

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 36.4%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \color{blue}{im}, 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot im + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]

      2. sum-to-mult N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{im}\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{im}\right) \]

      4. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{2}{2} + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      5. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{2}{2} + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      6. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      7. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      8. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      9. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      10. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      11. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      12. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left({re}^{2} \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      13. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left({re}^{2} \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      14. lift-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left({re}^{2} \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      15. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      16. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-1 \cdot im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      17. mul-1-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      18. lower-neg.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-im}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right) \]

      19. mul-1-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{-im}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)\right) \]

      20. lower-neg.f64 36.4

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot 0.5}{-im}\right) \cdot \left(-im\right) \]

   9. Applied rewrites 36.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(1 + \frac{\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot 0.5}{-im}\right) \cdot \left(-im\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 72.4% accurate, 0.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\right) \leq -0.0004:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left(-im\_m\right) + 1\right) - e^{im\_m}\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\_m, 0.5, -im\_m\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  im_s
  (if (<= (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im_m)) (exp im_m))) -0.0004)
    (* (- (+ (- im_m) 1.0) (exp im_m)) 0.5)
    (fma (* (* re re) im_m) 0.5 (- im_m)))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (((0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= -0.0004) {
		tmp = ((-im_m + 1.0) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5;
	} else {
		tmp = fma(((re * re) * im_m), 0.5, -im_m);
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(0.5 * cos(re)) * Float64(exp(Float64(0.0 - im_m)) - exp(im_m))) <= -0.0004)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(-im_m) + 1.0) - exp(im_m)) * 0.5);
	else
		tmp = fma(Float64(Float64(re * re) * im_m), 0.5, Float64(-im_m));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[N[(N[(0.5 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Exp[N[(0.0 - im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -0.0004], N[(N[(N[((-im$95$m) + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5 + (-im$95$m)), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im))) < -4.00000000000000019e-4

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - \color{blue}{e^{im}}\right) \]

      3. lower-exp.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)} - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]

      4. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      5. lower-exp.f64 41.2

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 41.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 40.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{\color{blue}{im}}\right) \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]

      4. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot im\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      5. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-1 \cdot im + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      6. lower-+.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-1 \cdot im + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

      7. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(-1 \cdot im + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      8. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)\right) + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]

      9. lower-neg.f64 40.8

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(-im\right) + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

   9. Applied rewrites 40.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-im\right) + 1\right) - e^{im}\right) \cdot 0.5} \]

   if -4.00000000000000019e-4 < (*.f64 (*.f64 #s(literal 1/2 binary64) (cos.f64 re)) (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im)))

   1. Initial program 53.6%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. Taylor expanded in im around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

      3. lower-cos.f64 52.8

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 52.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in re around 0

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot im + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

      4. lower-pow.f64 36.4

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 36.4%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \color{blue}{im}, 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot im + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]

      2. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) + -1 \cdot \color{blue}{im} \]

      3. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) + -1 \cdot im \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + -1 \cdot im \]

      5. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

      6. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

      7. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left({re}^{2} \cdot im, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

      8. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left({re}^{2} \cdot im, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

      9. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left({re}^{2} \cdot im, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

      10. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

      11. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

      12. mul-1-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im, \frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)\right) \]

      13. lower-neg.f64 36.4

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im, 0.5, -im\right) \]

   9. Applied rewrites 36.4%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im, 0.5, -im\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 36.4% accurate, 5.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im\_m, 0.5, -im\_m\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (* im_s (fma (* (* re re) im_m) 0.5 (- im_m))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	return im_s * fma(((re * re) * im_m), 0.5, -im_m);
}

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	return Float64(im_s * fma(Float64(Float64(re * re) * im_m), 0.5, Float64(-im_m)))
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * N[(N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5 + (-im$95$m)), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 53.6%

   \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

2. Taylor expanded in im around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. lower-cos.f64 52.8

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right) \]

4. Applied rewrites 52.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

5. Taylor expanded in re around 0

   \[\leadsto -1 \cdot im + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

   3. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-pow.f64 36.4

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, im, 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]

7. Applied rewrites 36.4%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1, \color{blue}{im}, 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)\right) \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot im + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]

   2. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) + -1 \cdot \color{blue}{im} \]

   3. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) + -1 \cdot im \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + -1 \cdot im \]

   5. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

   6. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

   7. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left({re}^{2} \cdot im, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

   8. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left({re}^{2} \cdot im, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

   9. lift-pow.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left({re}^{2} \cdot im, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

   10. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im, \frac{1}{2}, -1 \cdot im\right) \]

   12. mul-1-neg N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im, \frac{1}{2}, \mathsf{neg}\left(im\right)\right) \]

   13. lower-neg.f64 36.4

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im, 0.5, -im\right) \]

9. Applied rewrites 36.4%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot im, 0.5, -im\right) \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 30.4% accurate, 32.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \left(-im\_m\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m) :precision binary64 (* im_s (- im_m)))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	return im_s * -im_m;
}

Fortran

im\_m =     private
im\_s =     private
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(im_s, re, im_m)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_m
    code = im_s * -im_m
end function

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	return im_s * -im_m;
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	return im_s * -im_m

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	return Float64(im_s * Float64(-im_m))
end

MATLAB

im\_m = abs(im);
im\_s = sign(im) * abs(1.0);
function tmp = code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = im_s * -im_m;
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * (-im$95$m)), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 53.6%

   \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

2. Taylor expanded in im around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. lower-cos.f64 52.8

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right) \]

4. Applied rewrites 52.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]

5. Taylor expanded in re around 0

   \[\leadsto -1 \cdot im \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

7. Applied rewrites 30.4%

   \[\leadsto -1 \cdot im \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{im} \]

   2. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(im\right) \]

   3. lower-neg.f64 30.4

      \[\leadsto -im \]

9. Applied rewrites 30.4%

   \[\leadsto -im \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2025149 
(FPCore (re im)
  :name "math.sin on complex, imaginary part"
  :precision binary64
  (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im)) (exp im))))