Numeric.Log:$cexpm1 from log-domain-0.10.2.1, B

Percentage Accurate: 100.0% → 100.0%
Time: 1.5s
Alternatives: 7
Speedup: 1.1×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (+ (+ (* x y) x) y))
double code(double x, double y) {
	return ((x * y) + x) + y;
}
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = ((x * y) + x) + y
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return ((x * y) + x) + y;
}
def code(x, y):
	return ((x * y) + x) + y
function code(x, y)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(x * y) + x) + y)
end
function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = ((x * y) + x) + y;
end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision] + y), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y
\end{array}

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 7 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 100.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (+ (+ (* x y) x) y))
double code(double x, double y) {
	return ((x * y) + x) + y;
}
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = ((x * y) + x) + y
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return ((x * y) + x) + y;
}
def code(x, y):
	return ((x * y) + x) + y
function code(x, y)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(x * y) + x) + y)
end
function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = ((x * y) + x) + y;
end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision] + y), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 100.0% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\ \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(y - -1, x, y\right) \end{array} \]
NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (fma (- y -1.0) x y))
assert(x < y);
double code(double x, double y) {
	return fma((y - -1.0), x, y);
}
x, y = sort([x, y])
function code(x, y)
	return fma(Float64(y - -1.0), x, y)
end
NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(y - -1.0), $MachinePrecision] * x + y), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
[x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\
\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(y - -1, x, y\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 100.0%

    \[\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y} \]
    2. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x\right)} + y \]
    3. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot y} + x\right) + y \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{y \cdot x} + x\right) + y \]
    5. distribute-lft1-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y + 1\right) \cdot x} + y \]
    6. lower-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y + 1, x, y\right)} \]
    7. add-flipN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)}, x, y\right) \]
    8. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y - \color{blue}{-1}, x, y\right) \]
    9. lower--.f64100.0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y - -1}, x, y\right) \]
  3. Applied rewrites100.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y - -1, x, y\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 100.0% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\ \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(x - -1, y, x\right) \end{array} \]
NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (fma (- x -1.0) y x))
assert(x < y);
double code(double x, double y) {
	return fma((x - -1.0), y, x);
}
x, y = sort([x, y])
function code(x, y)
	return fma(Float64(x - -1.0), y, x)
end
NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x - -1.0), $MachinePrecision] * y + x), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
[x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\
\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(x - -1, y, x\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 100.0%

    \[\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y} \]
    2. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + \left(x \cdot y + x\right)} \]
    3. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto y + \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x\right)} \]
    4. associate-+r+N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y + x \cdot y\right) + x} \]
    5. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(y + \color{blue}{x \cdot y}\right) + x \]
    6. distribute-rgt1-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right) \cdot y} + x \]
    7. lower-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + 1, y, x\right)} \]
    8. lower-+.f64100.0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{x + 1}, y, x\right) \]
  3. Applied rewrites100.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + 1, y, x\right)} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{x + 1}, y, x\right) \]
    2. add-flipN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{x - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)}, y, x\right) \]
    3. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x - \color{blue}{-1}, y, x\right) \]
    4. lower--.f64100.0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{x - -1}, y, x\right) \]
  5. Applied rewrites100.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x - -1, y, x\right)} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.1% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -0.045:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, x\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(1, y, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, y\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= y -0.045) (fma y x x) (if (<= y 5e-6) (fma 1.0 y x) (fma y x y))))
assert(x < y);
double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -0.045) {
		tmp = fma(y, x, x);
	} else if (y <= 5e-6) {
		tmp = fma(1.0, y, x);
	} else {
		tmp = fma(y, x, y);
	}
	return tmp;
}
x, y = sort([x, y])
function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -0.045)
		tmp = fma(y, x, x);
	elseif (y <= 5e-6)
		tmp = fma(1.0, y, x);
	else
		tmp = fma(y, x, y);
	end
	return tmp
end
NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[y, -0.045], N[(y * x + x), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 5e-6], N[(1.0 * y + x), $MachinePrecision], N[(y * x + y), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
[x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -0.045:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, x\right)\\

\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(1, y, x\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, y\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if y < -0.044999999999999998

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \]
    2. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites37.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]
      2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(1 + y\right)} \]
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + y\right)} \]
        2. lower-+.f6463.2

          \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{y}\right) \]
      4. Applied rewrites63.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(1 + y\right)} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + y\right)} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]
        3. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 + y\right) \cdot x \]
        4. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(y + 1\right) \cdot x \]
        5. distribute-lft1-inN/A

          \[\leadsto y \cdot x + \color{blue}{x} \]
        6. lower-fma.f6463.2

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, \color{blue}{x}, x\right) \]
      6. Applied rewrites63.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, \color{blue}{x}, x\right) \]

      if -0.044999999999999998 < y < 5.00000000000000041e-6

      1. Initial program 100.0%

        \[\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y} \]
        2. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y + \left(x \cdot y + x\right)} \]
        3. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto y + \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y + x\right)} \]
        4. associate-+r+N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y + x \cdot y\right) + x} \]
        5. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(y + \color{blue}{x \cdot y}\right) + x \]
        6. distribute-rgt1-inN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right) \cdot y} + x \]
        7. lower-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + 1, y, x\right)} \]
        8. lower-+.f64100.0

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{x + 1}, y, x\right) \]
      3. Applied rewrites100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x + 1, y, x\right)} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{x + 1}, y, x\right) \]
        2. add-flipN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{x - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)}, y, x\right) \]
        3. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x - \color{blue}{-1}, y, x\right) \]
        4. lower--.f64100.0

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{x - -1}, y, x\right) \]
      5. Applied rewrites100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x - -1, y, x\right)} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in x around 0

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{1}, y, x\right) \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites75.1%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{1}, y, x\right) \]

        if 5.00000000000000041e-6 < y

        1. Initial program 100.0%

          \[\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \]
        2. Taylor expanded in y around inf

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(1 + x\right)} \]
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + x\right)} \]
          2. lower-+.f6462.2

            \[\leadsto y \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{x}\right) \]
        4. Applied rewrites62.2%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(1 + x\right)} \]
        5. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + x\right)} \]
          2. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto y \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{x}\right) \]
          3. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto y \cdot \left(x + \color{blue}{1}\right) \]
          4. distribute-lft-inN/A

            \[\leadsto y \cdot x + \color{blue}{y \cdot 1} \]
          5. *-rgt-identityN/A

            \[\leadsto y \cdot x + y \]
          6. lower-fma.f6462.2

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, \color{blue}{x}, y\right) \]
        6. Applied rewrites62.2%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, y\right)} \]
      8. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
      9. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 4: 98.3% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} [x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \leq -4 \cdot 10^{-293}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, y\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      (FPCore (x y)
       :precision binary64
       (if (<= (+ (+ (* x y) x) y) -4e-293) (fma y x x) (fma y x y)))
      assert(x < y);
      double code(double x, double y) {
      	double tmp;
      	if ((((x * y) + x) + y) <= -4e-293) {
      		tmp = fma(y, x, x);
      	} else {
      		tmp = fma(y, x, y);
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      x, y = sort([x, y])
      function code(x, y)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (Float64(Float64(Float64(x * y) + x) + y) <= -4e-293)
      		tmp = fma(y, x, x);
      	else
      		tmp = fma(y, x, y);
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[(N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision] + y), $MachinePrecision], -4e-293], N[(y * x + x), $MachinePrecision], N[(y * x + y), $MachinePrecision]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      [x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      \mathbf{if}\;\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \leq -4 \cdot 10^{-293}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, x\right)\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, y\right)\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 2 regimes
      2. if (+.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 x y) x) y) < -4.0000000000000002e-293

        1. Initial program 100.0%

          \[\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \]
        2. Taylor expanded in x around 0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites37.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]
          2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(1 + y\right)} \]
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + y\right)} \]
            2. lower-+.f6463.2

              \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{y}\right) \]
          4. Applied rewrites63.2%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(1 + y\right)} \]
          5. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + y\right)} \]
            2. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(1 + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]
            3. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(1 + y\right) \cdot x \]
            4. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(y + 1\right) \cdot x \]
            5. distribute-lft1-inN/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot x + \color{blue}{x} \]
            6. lower-fma.f6463.2

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, \color{blue}{x}, x\right) \]
          6. Applied rewrites63.2%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, \color{blue}{x}, x\right) \]

          if -4.0000000000000002e-293 < (+.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 x y) x) y)

          1. Initial program 100.0%

            \[\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \]
          2. Taylor expanded in y around inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(1 + x\right)} \]
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + x\right)} \]
            2. lower-+.f6462.2

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{x}\right) \]
          4. Applied rewrites62.2%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(1 + x\right)} \]
          5. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + x\right)} \]
            2. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{x}\right) \]
            3. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \left(x + \color{blue}{1}\right) \]
            4. distribute-lft-inN/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot x + \color{blue}{y \cdot 1} \]
            5. *-rgt-identityN/A

              \[\leadsto y \cdot x + y \]
            6. lower-fma.f6462.2

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, \color{blue}{x}, y\right) \]
          6. Applied rewrites62.2%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, y\right)} \]
        4. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        5. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 5: 90.8% accurate, 0.3× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} [x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq -4 \cdot 10^{-293}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, x\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_0 \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+285}:\\ \;\;\;\;y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot y\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
        (FPCore (x y)
         :precision binary64
         (let* ((t_0 (+ (+ (* x y) x) y)))
           (if (<= t_0 -4e-293) (fma y x x) (if (<= t_0 2e+285) y (* x y)))))
        assert(x < y);
        double code(double x, double y) {
        	double t_0 = ((x * y) + x) + y;
        	double tmp;
        	if (t_0 <= -4e-293) {
        		tmp = fma(y, x, x);
        	} else if (t_0 <= 2e+285) {
        		tmp = y;
        	} else {
        		tmp = x * y;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        x, y = sort([x, y])
        function code(x, y)
        	t_0 = Float64(Float64(Float64(x * y) + x) + y)
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if (t_0 <= -4e-293)
        		tmp = fma(y, x, x);
        	elseif (t_0 <= 2e+285)
        		tmp = y;
        	else
        		tmp = Float64(x * y);
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
        code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision] + y), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$0, -4e-293], N[(y * x + x), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$0, 2e+285], y, N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]]]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        [x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        t_0 := \left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y\\
        \mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq -4 \cdot 10^{-293}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, x\right)\\
        
        \mathbf{elif}\;t\_0 \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+285}:\\
        \;\;\;\;y\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;x \cdot y\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 3 regimes
        2. if (+.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 x y) x) y) < -4.0000000000000002e-293

          1. Initial program 100.0%

            \[\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \]
          2. Taylor expanded in x around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites37.9%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]
            2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(1 + y\right)} \]
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + y\right)} \]
              2. lower-+.f6463.2

                \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{y}\right) \]
            4. Applied rewrites63.2%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(1 + y\right)} \]
            5. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lift-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + y\right)} \]
              2. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \left(1 + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x} \]
              3. lift-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \left(1 + y\right) \cdot x \]
              4. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \left(y + 1\right) \cdot x \]
              5. distribute-lft1-inN/A

                \[\leadsto y \cdot x + \color{blue}{x} \]
              6. lower-fma.f6463.2

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, \color{blue}{x}, x\right) \]
            6. Applied rewrites63.2%

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, \color{blue}{x}, x\right) \]

            if -4.0000000000000002e-293 < (+.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 x y) x) y) < 2e285

            1. Initial program 100.0%

              \[\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \]
            2. Taylor expanded in x around 0

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites37.9%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]

              if 2e285 < (+.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 x y) x) y)

              1. Initial program 100.0%

                \[\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \]
              2. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(1 + x\right)} \]
              3. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + x\right)} \]
                2. lower-+.f6462.2

                  \[\leadsto y \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{x}\right) \]
              4. Applied rewrites62.2%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(1 + x\right)} \]
              5. Taylor expanded in x around inf

                \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{y} \]
              6. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower-*.f6426.4

                  \[\leadsto x \cdot y \]
              7. Applied rewrites26.4%

                \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{y} \]
            4. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
            5. Add Preprocessing

            Alternative 6: 61.0% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} [x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.0014:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot y\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 1:\\ \;\;\;\;y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot y\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
            NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
            (FPCore (x y)
             :precision binary64
             (if (<= x -0.0014) (* x y) (if (<= x 1.0) y (* x y))))
            assert(x < y);
            double code(double x, double y) {
            	double tmp;
            	if (x <= -0.0014) {
            		tmp = x * y;
            	} else if (x <= 1.0) {
            		tmp = y;
            	} else {
            		tmp = x * y;
            	}
            	return tmp;
            }
            
            NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
            module fmin_fmax_functions
                implicit none
                private
                public fmax
                public fmin
            
                interface fmax
                    module procedure fmax88
                    module procedure fmax44
                    module procedure fmax84
                    module procedure fmax48
                end interface
                interface fmin
                    module procedure fmin88
                    module procedure fmin44
                    module procedure fmin84
                    module procedure fmin48
                end interface
            contains
                real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                    real(4), intent (in) :: x
                    real(4), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                    real(4), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                    real(4), intent (in) :: x
                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                    real(4), intent (in) :: x
                    real(4), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                    real(4), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                    real(4), intent (in) :: x
                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
            end module
            
            real(8) function code(x, y)
            use fmin_fmax_functions
                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                real(8) :: tmp
                if (x <= (-0.0014d0)) then
                    tmp = x * y
                else if (x <= 1.0d0) then
                    tmp = y
                else
                    tmp = x * y
                end if
                code = tmp
            end function
            
            assert x < y;
            public static double code(double x, double y) {
            	double tmp;
            	if (x <= -0.0014) {
            		tmp = x * y;
            	} else if (x <= 1.0) {
            		tmp = y;
            	} else {
            		tmp = x * y;
            	}
            	return tmp;
            }
            
            [x, y] = sort([x, y])
            def code(x, y):
            	tmp = 0
            	if x <= -0.0014:
            		tmp = x * y
            	elif x <= 1.0:
            		tmp = y
            	else:
            		tmp = x * y
            	return tmp
            
            x, y = sort([x, y])
            function code(x, y)
            	tmp = 0.0
            	if (x <= -0.0014)
            		tmp = Float64(x * y);
            	elseif (x <= 1.0)
            		tmp = y;
            	else
            		tmp = Float64(x * y);
            	end
            	return tmp
            end
            
            x, y = num2cell(sort([x, y])){:}
            function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
            	tmp = 0.0;
            	if (x <= -0.0014)
            		tmp = x * y;
            	elseif (x <= 1.0)
            		tmp = y;
            	else
            		tmp = x * y;
            	end
            	tmp_2 = tmp;
            end
            
            NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
            code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -0.0014], N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[x, 1.0], y, N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]]]
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            [x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\
            \\
            \begin{array}{l}
            \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.0014:\\
            \;\;\;\;x \cdot y\\
            
            \mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 1:\\
            \;\;\;\;y\\
            
            \mathbf{else}:\\
            \;\;\;\;x \cdot y\\
            
            
            \end{array}
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Split input into 2 regimes
            2. if x < -0.00139999999999999999 or 1 < x

              1. Initial program 100.0%

                \[\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \]
              2. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(1 + x\right)} \]
              3. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto y \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + x\right)} \]
                2. lower-+.f6462.2

                  \[\leadsto y \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{x}\right) \]
              4. Applied rewrites62.2%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(1 + x\right)} \]
              5. Taylor expanded in x around inf

                \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{y} \]
              6. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower-*.f6426.4

                  \[\leadsto x \cdot y \]
              7. Applied rewrites26.4%

                \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{y} \]

              if -0.00139999999999999999 < x < 1

              1. Initial program 100.0%

                \[\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \]
              2. Taylor expanded in x around 0

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]
              3. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites37.9%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]
              4. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
              5. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 7: 37.9% accurate, 9.4× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} [x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\ \\ y \end{array} \]
              NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              (FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 y)
              assert(x < y);
              double code(double x, double y) {
              	return y;
              }
              
              NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              module fmin_fmax_functions
                  implicit none
                  private
                  public fmax
                  public fmin
              
                  interface fmax
                      module procedure fmax88
                      module procedure fmax44
                      module procedure fmax84
                      module procedure fmax48
                  end interface
                  interface fmin
                      module procedure fmin88
                      module procedure fmin44
                      module procedure fmin84
                      module procedure fmin48
                  end interface
              contains
                  real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
              end module
              
              real(8) function code(x, y)
              use fmin_fmax_functions
                  real(8), intent (in) :: x
                  real(8), intent (in) :: y
                  code = y
              end function
              
              assert x < y;
              public static double code(double x, double y) {
              	return y;
              }
              
              [x, y] = sort([x, y])
              def code(x, y):
              	return y
              
              x, y = sort([x, y])
              function code(x, y)
              	return y
              end
              
              x, y = num2cell(sort([x, y])){:}
              function tmp = code(x, y)
              	tmp = y;
              end
              
              NOTE: x and y should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              code[x_, y_] := y
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              [x, y] = \mathsf{sort}([x, y])\\
              \\
              y
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Initial program 100.0%

                \[\left(x \cdot y + x\right) + y \]
              2. Taylor expanded in x around 0

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]
              3. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites37.9%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing

                Reproduce

                ?
                herbie shell --seed 2025148 
                (FPCore (x y)
                  :name "Numeric.Log:$cexpm1 from log-domain-0.10.2.1, B"
                  :precision binary64
                  (+ (+ (* x y) x) y))