2-ancestry mixing, negative discriminant

Percentage Accurate: 98.5% → 100.0%

Time: 3.4s

Alternatives: 7

Speedup: 1.1×

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (g h)
 :precision binary64
 (* 2.0 (cos (+ (/ (* 2.0 PI) 3.0) (/ (acos (/ (- g) h)) 3.0)))))

C

double code(double g, double h) {
	return 2.0 * cos((((2.0 * ((double) M_PI)) / 3.0) + (acos((-g / h)) / 3.0)));
}

Java

public static double code(double g, double h) {
	return 2.0 * Math.cos((((2.0 * Math.PI) / 3.0) + (Math.acos((-g / h)) / 3.0)));
}

Python

def code(g, h):
	return 2.0 * math.cos((((2.0 * math.pi) / 3.0) + (math.acos((-g / h)) / 3.0)))

Julia

function code(g, h)
	return Float64(2.0 * cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * pi) / 3.0) + Float64(acos(Float64(Float64(-g) / h)) / 3.0))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(g, h)
	tmp = 2.0 * cos((((2.0 * pi) / 3.0) + (acos((-g / h)) / 3.0)));
end

Wolfram

code[g_, h_] := N[(2.0 * N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[ArcCos[N[((-g) / h), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 98.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (g h)
 :precision binary64
 (* 2.0 (cos (+ (/ (* 2.0 PI) 3.0) (/ (acos (/ (- g) h)) 3.0)))))

C

double code(double g, double h) {
	return 2.0 * cos((((2.0 * ((double) M_PI)) / 3.0) + (acos((-g / h)) / 3.0)));
}

Java

public static double code(double g, double h) {
	return 2.0 * Math.cos((((2.0 * Math.PI) / 3.0) + (Math.acos((-g / h)) / 3.0)));
}

Python

def code(g, h):
	return 2.0 * math.cos((((2.0 * math.pi) / 3.0) + (math.acos((-g / h)) / 3.0)))

Julia

function code(g, h)
	return Float64(2.0 * cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * pi) / 3.0) + Float64(acos(Float64(Float64(-g) / h)) / 3.0))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(g, h)
	tmp = 2.0 * cos((((2.0 * pi) / 3.0) + (acos((-g / h)) / 3.0)));
end

Wolfram

code[g_, h_] := N[(2.0 * N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[ArcCos[N[((-g) / h), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 100.0% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\pi}, \frac{\sqrt{\pi}}{2}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), -0.3333333333333333, -0.6666666666666666 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (g h)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (sin
   (fma
    (sqrt PI)
    (/ (sqrt PI) 2.0)
    (fma (acos (/ (- g) h)) -0.3333333333333333 (* -0.6666666666666666 PI))))
  2.0))

C

double code(double g, double h) {
	return sin(fma(sqrt(((double) M_PI)), (sqrt(((double) M_PI)) / 2.0), fma(acos((-g / h)), -0.3333333333333333, (-0.6666666666666666 * ((double) M_PI))))) * 2.0;
}

Julia

function code(g, h)
	return Float64(sin(fma(sqrt(pi), Float64(sqrt(pi) / 2.0), fma(acos(Float64(Float64(-g) / h)), -0.3333333333333333, Float64(-0.6666666666666666 * pi)))) * 2.0)
end

Wolfram

code[g_, h_] := N[(N[Sin[N[(N[Sqrt[Pi], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sqrt[Pi], $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[ArcCos[N[((-g) / h), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * -0.3333333333333333 + N[(-0.6666666666666666 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.5%

   \[2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]

   3. lower-*.f64 98.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]

   4. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   5. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3}} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \color{blue}{\frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   7. div-add-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   8. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   9. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   10. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   13. lift-PI.f64 98.5

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\pi}, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

3. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   2. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   3. lift-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   4. div-add N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   5. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. frac-add N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3 + 3 \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3 \cdot 3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   7. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}}{3 \cdot 3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{\color{blue}{9}}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   9. div-add N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot 3}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   11. associate-*l* N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot 3\right)}}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{6}}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   13. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 6}}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   14. lift-PI.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\pi} \cdot 6}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.4%

   \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right) \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \cdot 2 \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-cos.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   3. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   4. lift-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   5. lift-acos.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   7. lift-neg.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   8. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   9. sin-+PI/2-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   10. lower-sin.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   11. distribute-rgt-neg-in N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)} + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}} + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   13. lift-/.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3} + \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   14. lift-PI.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3} + \frac{\color{blue}{\pi}}{2}\right) \cdot 2 \]

7. Applied rewrites 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right), -0.3333333333333333, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)\right)} \cdot 2 \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3} + \frac{\pi}{2}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   2. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3} + \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   3. lift-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{-1}{3} + \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   4. lift-acos.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3} + \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   5. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3} + \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. lift-neg.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3} + \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   7. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3} + \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{2}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   8. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3} + \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   9. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} + \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   10. add-sqr-sqrt N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{2} + \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   11. associate-/l* N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{2}} + \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{2}, \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3}\right)\right)} \cdot 2 \]

9. Applied rewrites 100.0%

   \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{\pi}, \frac{\sqrt{\pi}}{2}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), -0.3333333333333333, -0.6666666666666666 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \cdot 2 \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), -0.3333333333333333, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.6666666666666666, \pi, 0.5 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (g h)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (sin
   (fma
    (acos (/ (- g) h))
    -0.3333333333333333
    (fma -0.6666666666666666 PI (* 0.5 PI))))
  2.0))

C

double code(double g, double h) {
	return sin(fma(acos((-g / h)), -0.3333333333333333, fma(-0.6666666666666666, ((double) M_PI), (0.5 * ((double) M_PI))))) * 2.0;
}

Julia

function code(g, h)
	return Float64(sin(fma(acos(Float64(Float64(-g) / h)), -0.3333333333333333, fma(-0.6666666666666666, pi, Float64(0.5 * pi)))) * 2.0)
end

Wolfram

code[g_, h_] := N[(N[Sin[N[(N[ArcCos[N[((-g) / h), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * -0.3333333333333333 + N[(-0.6666666666666666 * Pi + N[(0.5 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.5%

   \[2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]

   3. lower-*.f64 98.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]

   4. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   5. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3}} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \color{blue}{\frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   7. div-add-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   8. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   9. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   10. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   13. lift-PI.f64 98.5

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\pi}, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

3. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   2. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   3. lift-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   4. div-add N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   5. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. frac-add N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3 + 3 \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3 \cdot 3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   7. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}}{3 \cdot 3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{\color{blue}{9}}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   9. div-add N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot 3}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   11. associate-*l* N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot 3\right)}}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{6}}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   13. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 6}}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   14. lift-PI.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\pi} \cdot 6}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.4%

   \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right) \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)} \cdot 2 \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-cos.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   3. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   4. lift-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   5. lift-acos.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   7. lift-neg.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   8. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   9. sin-+PI/2-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   10. lower-sin.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   11. distribute-rgt-neg-in N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)} + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{3}} + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   13. lift-/.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3} + \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   14. lift-PI.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3} + \frac{\color{blue}{\pi}}{2}\right) \cdot 2 \]

7. Applied rewrites 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right), -0.3333333333333333, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)\right)} \cdot 2 \]

8. Taylor expanded in g around 0

   \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left(\cos^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{g}{h}\right) + 2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot 2 \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-lft-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{g}{h}\right) + \frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   2. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{g}{h}\right)\right) + \frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   3. distribute-frac-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right) + \frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   4. lift-neg.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   5. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. lift-acos.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   7. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   8. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   9. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \frac{-2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   10. associate-+l+ N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   11. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\frac{-2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{3} + \left(\color{blue}{\frac{-2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

10. Applied rewrites 99.9%

    \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), -0.3333333333333333, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.6666666666666666, \pi, 0.5 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \cdot 2 \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.1111111111111111 \cdot \pi, 6, 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (g h)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos
   (fma
    (* 0.1111111111111111 PI)
    6.0
    (* 0.3333333333333333 (acos (/ (- g) h)))))
  2.0))

C

double code(double g, double h) {
	return cos(fma((0.1111111111111111 * ((double) M_PI)), 6.0, (0.3333333333333333 * acos((-g / h))))) * 2.0;
}

Julia

function code(g, h)
	return Float64(cos(fma(Float64(0.1111111111111111 * pi), 6.0, Float64(0.3333333333333333 * acos(Float64(Float64(-g) / h))))) * 2.0)
end

Wolfram

code[g_, h_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(0.1111111111111111 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * 6.0 + N[(0.3333333333333333 * N[ArcCos[N[((-g) / h), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.5%

   \[2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]

   3. lower-*.f64 98.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]

   4. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   5. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3}} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \color{blue}{\frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   7. div-add-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   8. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   9. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   10. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   13. lift-PI.f64 98.5

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\pi}, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

3. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   2. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   3. lift-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   4. div-add N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   5. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. frac-add N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3 + 3 \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3 \cdot 3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   7. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}}{3 \cdot 3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{\color{blue}{9}}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   9. div-add N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot 3}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   11. associate-*l* N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot 3\right)}}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{6}}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   13. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 6}}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   14. lift-PI.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\pi} \cdot 6}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.1111111111111111 \cdot \pi, 6, 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot 2 \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 98.5% accurate, 1.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (g h)
 :precision binary64
 (* (cos (/ (fma PI 2.0 (acos (/ (- g) h))) 3.0)) 2.0))

C

double code(double g, double h) {
	return cos((fma(((double) M_PI), 2.0, acos((-g / h))) / 3.0)) * 2.0;
}

Julia

function code(g, h)
	return Float64(cos(Float64(fma(pi, 2.0, acos(Float64(Float64(-g) / h))) / 3.0)) * 2.0)
end

Wolfram

code[g_, h_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(Pi * 2.0 + N[ArcCos[N[((-g) / h), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.5%

   \[2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]

   3. lower-*.f64 98.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]

   4. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   5. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3}} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \color{blue}{\frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   7. div-add-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   8. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   9. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   10. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   13. lift-PI.f64 98.5

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\pi}, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

3. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 98.5% accurate, 1.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 0.6666666666666666, 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (g h)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos (fma PI 0.6666666666666666 (* 0.3333333333333333 (acos (/ (- g) h)))))
  2.0))

C

double code(double g, double h) {
	return cos(fma(((double) M_PI), 0.6666666666666666, (0.3333333333333333 * acos((-g / h))))) * 2.0;
}

Julia

function code(g, h)
	return Float64(cos(fma(pi, 0.6666666666666666, Float64(0.3333333333333333 * acos(Float64(Float64(-g) / h))))) * 2.0)
end

Wolfram

code[g_, h_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(Pi * 0.6666666666666666 + N[(0.3333333333333333 * N[ArcCos[N[((-g) / h), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.5%

   \[2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]

   3. lower-*.f64 98.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]

   4. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   5. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3}} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \color{blue}{\frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   7. div-add-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   8. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   9. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   10. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   13. lift-PI.f64 98.5

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\pi}, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

3. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   2. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   3. lift-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   4. div-add N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   5. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. frac-add N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3 + 3 \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3 \cdot 3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   7. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}}{3 \cdot 3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3 + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{\color{blue}{9}}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   9. div-add N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot 3}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   11. associate-*l* N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot 3\right)}}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{6}}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   13. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 6}}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   14. lift-PI.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\pi} \cdot 6}{9} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) \cdot 3}{9}\right) \cdot 2 \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 0.6666666666666666, 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot 2 \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 98.4% accurate, 1.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 2 \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.3333333333333333, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), 0.6666666666666666 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (g h)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  2.0
  (cos (fma 0.3333333333333333 (acos (/ (- g) h)) (* 0.6666666666666666 PI)))))

C

double code(double g, double h) {
	return 2.0 * cos(fma(0.3333333333333333, acos((-g / h)), (0.6666666666666666 * ((double) M_PI))));
}

Julia

function code(g, h)
	return Float64(2.0 * cos(fma(0.3333333333333333, acos(Float64(Float64(-g) / h)), Float64(0.6666666666666666 * pi))))
end

Wolfram

code[g_, h_] := N[(2.0 * N[Cos[N[(0.3333333333333333 * N[ArcCos[N[((-g) / h), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(0.6666666666666666 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.5%

   \[2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \]

2. Taylor expanded in g around 0

   \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{g}{h}\right) + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{g}{h}\right)\right) + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \]

   2. distribute-frac-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right) + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \]

   3. lift-neg.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \]

   4. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \]

   5. lift-acos.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}, \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. lift-PI.f64 98.4

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.3333333333333333, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), 0.6666666666666666 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \]

4. Applied rewrites 98.4%

   \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.3333333333333333, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), 0.6666666666666666 \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 97.6% accurate, 1.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.3333333333333333, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), 1.1666666666666667 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot 2 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (g h)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (sin (fma 0.3333333333333333 (acos (/ (- g) h)) (* 1.1666666666666667 PI)))
  2.0))

C

double code(double g, double h) {
	return sin(fma(0.3333333333333333, acos((-g / h)), (1.1666666666666667 * ((double) M_PI)))) * 2.0;
}

Julia

function code(g, h)
	return Float64(sin(fma(0.3333333333333333, acos(Float64(Float64(-g) / h)), Float64(1.1666666666666667 * pi))) * 2.0)
end

Wolfram

code[g_, h_] := N[(N[Sin[N[(0.3333333333333333 * N[ArcCos[N[((-g) / h), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.1666666666666667 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.5%

   \[2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]

   3. lower-*.f64 98.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]

   4. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   5. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3}} + \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{3} + \color{blue}{\frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   7. div-add-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   8. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \pi + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right)} \cdot 2 \]

   9. lift-PI.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   10. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2} + \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

   13. lift-PI.f64 98.5

       \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\pi}, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2 \]

3. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 2, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)\right)}{3}\right) \cdot 2} \]

5. Applied rewrites 97.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.3333333333333333, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi, 0.6666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot 2 \]

6. Taylor expanded in g around 0

   \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{g}{h}\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot 2 \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{g}{h}\right)\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   2. distribute-frac-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(g\right)}{h}\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   3. lift-neg.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   4. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   5. lift-acos.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   6. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right)}, \frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   7. distribute-rgt-out N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{2}{3}\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   8. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{2}{3}\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   9. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{2}{3}\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   10. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{3}, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), \frac{7}{6} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

   11. lift-PI.f64 97.6

       \[\leadsto \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.3333333333333333, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), 1.1666666666666667 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot 2 \]

8. Applied rewrites 97.6%

   \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.3333333333333333, \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{-g}{h}\right), 1.1666666666666667 \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \cdot 2 \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2025130 
(FPCore (g h)
  :name "2-ancestry mixing, negative discriminant"
  :precision binary64
  (* 2.0 (cos (+ (/ (* 2.0 PI) 3.0) (/ (acos (/ (- g) h)) 3.0)))))