2cbrt (problem 3.3.4)

Percentage Accurate: 6.8% → 98.6%

Time: 3.8s

Alternatives: 11

Speedup: 1.9×

Specification

\[x > 1 \land x < 10^{+308}\]

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (- (cbrt (+ x 1.0)) (cbrt x)))

C

double code(double x) {
	return cbrt((x + 1.0)) - cbrt(x);
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return Math.cbrt((x + 1.0)) - Math.cbrt(x);
}

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64(cbrt(Float64(x + 1.0)) - cbrt(x))
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(N[Power[N[(x + 1.0), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 6.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (- (cbrt (+ x 1.0)) (cbrt x)))

C

double code(double x) {
	return cbrt((x + 1.0)) - cbrt(x);
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return Math.cbrt((x + 1.0)) - Math.cbrt(x);
}

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64(cbrt(Float64(x + 1.0)) - cbrt(x))
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(N[Power[N[(x + 1.0), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 98.6% accurate, 0.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}\\ \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{{\left(\left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \sqrt[3]{\left(2 + x\right) \cdot x}\right) + \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, x\right)}\right)}^{2} \cdot x}, {t\_0}^{-0.6666666666666666}, \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{t\_0} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}}\right)}{x} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (+ (/ 2.0 (* x x)) (/ 1.0 x))))
   (/
    (fma
     (/
      -0.3333333333333333
      (*
       (pow
        (+
         (+ (pow x 0.6666666666666666) (cbrt (* (+ 2.0 x) x)))
         (cbrt (fma x x x)))
        2.0)
       x))
     (pow t_0 -0.6666666666666666)
     (/
      1.0
      (+
       (+ (cbrt t_0) (cbrt (+ (/ 1.0 x) (/ 1.0 (* x x)))))
       (/ 1.0 (cbrt x)))))
    x)))

C

double code(double x) {
	double t_0 = (2.0 / (x * x)) + (1.0 / x);
	return fma((-0.3333333333333333 / (pow(((pow(x, 0.6666666666666666) + cbrt(((2.0 + x) * x))) + cbrt(fma(x, x, x))), 2.0) * x)), pow(t_0, -0.6666666666666666), (1.0 / ((cbrt(t_0) + cbrt(((1.0 / x) + (1.0 / (x * x))))) + (1.0 / cbrt(x))))) / x;
}

Julia

function code(x)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(2.0 / Float64(x * x)) + Float64(1.0 / x))
	return Float64(fma(Float64(-0.3333333333333333 / Float64((Float64(Float64((x ^ 0.6666666666666666) + cbrt(Float64(Float64(2.0 + x) * x))) + cbrt(fma(x, x, x))) ^ 2.0) * x)), (t_0 ^ -0.6666666666666666), Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(cbrt(t_0) + cbrt(Float64(Float64(1.0 / x) + Float64(1.0 / Float64(x * x))))) + Float64(1.0 / cbrt(x))))) / x)
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(2.0 / N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(N[(-0.3333333333333333 / N[(N[Power[N[(N[(N[Power[x, 0.6666666666666666], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(N[(2.0 + x), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(x * x + x), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[t$95$0, -0.6666666666666666], $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / N[(N[(N[Power[t$95$0, 1/3], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(N[(1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Initial program 6.8%

   \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift--.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x}} \]

   2. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{x + 1}} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

   3. lift-cbrt.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1}} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

   4. lift-cbrt.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x}} \]

   5. flip3-- N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x + 1}\right)}^{3} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

   6. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x + 1}\right)}^{3} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

   7. rem-cube-cbrt N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right)} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   8. rem-cube-cbrt N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x + 1\right) - \color{blue}{x}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   9. lower--.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right) - x}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   10. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x + \color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   11. fp-cancel-sign-sub-inv N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right) \cdot 1\right)} - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - \color{blue}{-1} \cdot 1\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   13. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - \color{blue}{-1}\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   14. lower--.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x - -1\right)} - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   15. lower-+.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

3. Applied rewrites 9.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)}} \]

4. Taylor expanded in x around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{{x}^{3} \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)\right)}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{\left(\frac{1}{x} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right)}^{2}}}\right) + \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)}}{x}} \]

6. Applied rewrites 94.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left({\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot x}\right), {\left(\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}\right)}^{-0.6666666666666666}, \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{-0.3333333333333333}}\right)}{x}} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left({\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot x}\right), {\left(\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{-2}{3}}, \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}}\right)}{x} \]

   2. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left({\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot x}\right), {\left(\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{-2}{3}}, \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}}\right)}{x} \]

   3. pow-flip N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left({\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot x}\right), {\left(\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{-2}{3}}, \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{{x}^{\frac{1}{3}}}}\right)}{x} \]

   4. pow1/3 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left({\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot x}\right), {\left(\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{-2}{3}}, \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}}\right)}{x} \]

   5. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot \left({\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot x}\right), {\left(\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{-2}{3}}, \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}}\right)}{x} \]

   6. lower-cbrt.f64 98.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left({\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot x}\right), {\left(\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}\right)}^{-0.6666666666666666}, \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}}\right)}{x} \]

8. Applied rewrites 98.6%

   \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left({\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot x}\right), {\left(\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}\right)}^{-0.6666666666666666}, \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}}\right)}{x} \]

9. Taylor expanded in x around 0

   \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\frac{-1}{3}}{x \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{x + {x}^{2}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{2 \cdot x + {x}^{2}} + \sqrt[3]{{x}^{2}}\right)\right)}^{2}}, {\left(\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{-2}{3}}, \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}}\right)}{x} \]

11. Applied rewrites 98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{{\left(\left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \sqrt[3]{\left(2 + x\right) \cdot x}\right) + \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, x\right)}\right)}^{2} \cdot x}, {\left(\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}\right)}^{-0.6666666666666666}, \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}}\right)}{x} \]
12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.3% accurate, 0.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 8 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x \cdot x} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot 0.3333333333333333\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x 8e+14)
   (/
    1.0
    (+
     (pow (- x -1.0) 0.6666666666666666)
     (+ (cbrt (* x x)) (cbrt (* (- x -1.0) x)))))
   (* (pow (cbrt x) -2.0) 0.3333333333333333)))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 8e+14) {
		tmp = 1.0 / (pow((x - -1.0), 0.6666666666666666) + (cbrt((x * x)) + cbrt(((x - -1.0) * x))));
	} else {
		tmp = pow(cbrt(x), -2.0) * 0.3333333333333333;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 8e+14) {
		tmp = 1.0 / (Math.pow((x - -1.0), 0.6666666666666666) + (Math.cbrt((x * x)) + Math.cbrt(((x - -1.0) * x))));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.pow(Math.cbrt(x), -2.0) * 0.3333333333333333;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= 8e+14)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 / Float64((Float64(x - -1.0) ^ 0.6666666666666666) + Float64(cbrt(Float64(x * x)) + cbrt(Float64(Float64(x - -1.0) * x)))));
	else
		tmp = Float64((cbrt(x) ^ -2.0) * 0.3333333333333333);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 8e+14], N[(1.0 / N[(N[Power[N[(x - -1.0), $MachinePrecision], 0.6666666666666666], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(N[(x - -1.0), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Power[N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision], -2.0], $MachinePrecision] * 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < 8e14

   1. Initial program 57.7%

      \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x}} \]

      2. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{x + 1}} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

      3. lift-cbrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1}} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

      4. lift-cbrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x}} \]

      5. flip3-- N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x + 1}\right)}^{3} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

      6. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x + 1}\right)}^{3} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

      7. rem-cube-cbrt N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right)} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      8. rem-cube-cbrt N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x + 1\right) - \color{blue}{x}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      9. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right) - x}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      10. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x + \color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      11. fp-cancel-sign-sub-inv N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right) \cdot 1\right)} - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      12. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - \color{blue}{-1} \cdot 1\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      13. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - \color{blue}{-1}\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      14. lower--.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x - -1\right)} - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      15. lower-+.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

   3. Applied rewrites 97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)}} \]

   4. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left({x}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

   6. Applied rewrites 97.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left(\color{blue}{{x}^{\frac{2}{3}}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

      2. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left({x}^{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

      3. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left(\color{blue}{{\left({x}^{2}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

      4. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{x}^{2}}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

      5. lower-cbrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{x}^{2}}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

      6. pow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{x \cdot x}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

      7. lift-*.f64 98.2

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left(\sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{x \cdot x}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

   8. Applied rewrites 98.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x \cdot x}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

   if 8e14 < x

   1. Initial program 4.2%

      \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}}} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      3. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. pow-flip N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(-2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. lower-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      11. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      12. metadata-eval 90.3

          \[\leadsto {x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   4. Applied rewrites 90.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      2. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{-1}{3} + \frac{-1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      3. pow-prod-up N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. pow-prod-down N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{2}\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. lower-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{2}\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. lower-*.f64 45.6

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{-0.3333333333333333} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   6. Applied rewrites 45.6%

      \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{-0.3333333333333333} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      2. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      3. unpow-prod-down N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({\left({x}^{-1}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. inv-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {x}^{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {\left({x}^{-1}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. inv-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      11. pow1/3 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      12. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      13. cbrt-div N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{1}}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      14. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      15. inv-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left({\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      16. pow-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{\left(-1 \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      17. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      18. lower-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      19. lift-cbrt.f64 98.4

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   8. Applied rewrites 98.4%

      \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.3% accurate, 0.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\left({\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + {x}^{0.6666666666666666}\right) + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot 0.3333333333333333\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x 5e+14)
   (/
    1.0
    (+
     (+ (pow (- x -1.0) 0.6666666666666666) (pow x 0.6666666666666666))
     (cbrt (* (- x -1.0) x))))
   (* (pow (cbrt x) -2.0) 0.3333333333333333)))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 5e+14) {
		tmp = 1.0 / ((pow((x - -1.0), 0.6666666666666666) + pow(x, 0.6666666666666666)) + cbrt(((x - -1.0) * x)));
	} else {
		tmp = pow(cbrt(x), -2.0) * 0.3333333333333333;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 5e+14) {
		tmp = 1.0 / ((Math.pow((x - -1.0), 0.6666666666666666) + Math.pow(x, 0.6666666666666666)) + Math.cbrt(((x - -1.0) * x)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.pow(Math.cbrt(x), -2.0) * 0.3333333333333333;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= 5e+14)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64((Float64(x - -1.0) ^ 0.6666666666666666) + (x ^ 0.6666666666666666)) + cbrt(Float64(Float64(x - -1.0) * x))));
	else
		tmp = Float64((cbrt(x) ^ -2.0) * 0.3333333333333333);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 5e+14], N[(1.0 / N[(N[(N[Power[N[(x - -1.0), $MachinePrecision], 0.6666666666666666], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[x, 0.6666666666666666], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(N[(x - -1.0), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Power[N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision], -2.0], $MachinePrecision] * 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < 5e14

   1. Initial program 58.3%

      \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x}} \]

      2. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{x + 1}} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

      3. lift-cbrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1}} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

      4. lift-cbrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x}} \]

      5. flip3-- N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x + 1}\right)}^{3} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

      6. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x + 1}\right)}^{3} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

      7. rem-cube-cbrt N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right)} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      8. rem-cube-cbrt N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x + 1\right) - \color{blue}{x}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      9. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right) - x}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      10. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x + \color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      11. fp-cancel-sign-sub-inv N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right) \cdot 1\right)} - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      12. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - \color{blue}{-1} \cdot 1\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      13. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - \color{blue}{-1}\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      14. lower--.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x - -1\right)} - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      15. lower-+.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

   3. Applied rewrites 97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)}} \]

   4. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left({x}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

   6. Applied rewrites 97.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left({x}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)}} \]

      2. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\color{blue}{\left(x - -1\right)}}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left({x}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

      3. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}}} + \left({x}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

      4. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \color{blue}{\left({x}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)}} \]

      5. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left(\color{blue}{{x}^{\frac{2}{3}}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

      6. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left({x}^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{3}\right)}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

      7. pow-prod-up N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left(\color{blue}{{x}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

      8. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{1}{3}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

      9. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

      10. lift-cbrt.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}}\right)} \]

      11. lift--.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{\left(x - -1\right)} \cdot x}\right)} \]

      12. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}}\right)} \]

      13. associate-+r+ N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left({\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right) + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}}} \]

      14. lower-+.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left({\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right) + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}}} \]

   8. Applied rewrites 97.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left({\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + {x}^{0.6666666666666666}\right) + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}}} \]

   if 5e14 < x

   1. Initial program 4.3%

      \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}}} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      3. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. pow-flip N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(-2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. lower-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      11. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      12. metadata-eval 90.3

          \[\leadsto {x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   4. Applied rewrites 90.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      2. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{-1}{3} + \frac{-1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      3. pow-prod-up N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. pow-prod-down N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{2}\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. lower-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{2}\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. lower-*.f64 45.7

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{-0.3333333333333333} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   6. Applied rewrites 45.7%

      \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{-0.3333333333333333} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      2. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      3. unpow-prod-down N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({\left({x}^{-1}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. inv-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {x}^{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {\left({x}^{-1}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. inv-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      11. pow1/3 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      12. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      13. cbrt-div N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{1}}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      14. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      15. inv-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left({\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      16. pow-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{\left(-1 \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      17. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      18. lower-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      19. lift-cbrt.f64 98.3

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   8. Applied rewrites 98.3%

      \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 98.3% accurate, 0.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, x\right)}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;{\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot 0.3333333333333333\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x 5e+14)
   (/
    1.0
    (+
     (pow (- x -1.0) 0.6666666666666666)
     (+ (pow x 0.6666666666666666) (cbrt (fma x x x)))))
   (* (pow (cbrt x) -2.0) 0.3333333333333333)))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 5e+14) {
		tmp = 1.0 / (pow((x - -1.0), 0.6666666666666666) + (pow(x, 0.6666666666666666) + cbrt(fma(x, x, x))));
	} else {
		tmp = pow(cbrt(x), -2.0) * 0.3333333333333333;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= 5e+14)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 / Float64((Float64(x - -1.0) ^ 0.6666666666666666) + Float64((x ^ 0.6666666666666666) + cbrt(fma(x, x, x)))));
	else
		tmp = Float64((cbrt(x) ^ -2.0) * 0.3333333333333333);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 5e+14], N[(1.0 / N[(N[Power[N[(x - -1.0), $MachinePrecision], 0.6666666666666666], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[x, 0.6666666666666666], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(x * x + x), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Power[N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision], -2.0], $MachinePrecision] * 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < 5e14

   1. Initial program 58.3%

      \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x}} \]

      2. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{x + 1}} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

      3. lift-cbrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1}} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

      4. lift-cbrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x}} \]

      5. flip3-- N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x + 1}\right)}^{3} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

      6. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x + 1}\right)}^{3} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

      7. rem-cube-cbrt N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right)} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      8. rem-cube-cbrt N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x + 1\right) - \color{blue}{x}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      9. lower--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right) - x}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      10. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x + \color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      11. fp-cancel-sign-sub-inv N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right) \cdot 1\right)} - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      12. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - \color{blue}{-1} \cdot 1\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      13. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - \color{blue}{-1}\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      14. lower--.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x - -1\right)} - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

      15. lower-+.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

   3. Applied rewrites 97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)}} \]

   4. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left({x}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

   6. Applied rewrites 97.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left({x}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + {x}^{2}}}\right)} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-cbrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left({x}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \sqrt[3]{x + {x}^{2}}\right)} \]

      2. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left({x}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \sqrt[3]{{x}^{2} + x}\right)} \]

      3. pow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \left({x}^{\frac{2}{3}} + \sqrt[3]{x \cdot x + x}\right)} \]

      4. lower-fma.f64 97.2

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, x\right)}\right)} \]

   9. Applied rewrites 97.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, x\right)}}\right)} \]

   if 5e14 < x

   1. Initial program 4.3%

      \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}}} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      3. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. pow-flip N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(-2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. lower-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      11. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      12. metadata-eval 90.3

          \[\leadsto {x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   4. Applied rewrites 90.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      2. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{-1}{3} + \frac{-1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      3. pow-prod-up N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. pow-prod-down N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{2}\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. lower-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{2}\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. lower-*.f64 45.7

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{-0.3333333333333333} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   6. Applied rewrites 45.7%

      \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{-0.3333333333333333} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      2. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      3. unpow-prod-down N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({\left({x}^{-1}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. inv-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {x}^{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {\left({x}^{-1}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. inv-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      11. pow1/3 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      12. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      13. cbrt-div N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{1}}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      14. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      15. inv-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left({\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      16. pow-pow N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{\left(-1 \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      17. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      18. lower-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      19. lift-cbrt.f64 98.3

          \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   8. Applied rewrites 98.3%

      \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 98.2% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right) \cdot x} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  1.0
  (*
   (+
    (+
     (cbrt (+ (/ 2.0 (* x x)) (/ 1.0 x)))
     (cbrt (+ (/ 1.0 x) (/ 1.0 (* x x)))))
    (/ 1.0 (cbrt x)))
   x)))

C

double code(double x) {
	return 1.0 / (((cbrt(((2.0 / (x * x)) + (1.0 / x))) + cbrt(((1.0 / x) + (1.0 / (x * x))))) + (1.0 / cbrt(x))) * x);
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return 1.0 / (((Math.cbrt(((2.0 / (x * x)) + (1.0 / x))) + Math.cbrt(((1.0 / x) + (1.0 / (x * x))))) + (1.0 / Math.cbrt(x))) * x);
}

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(cbrt(Float64(Float64(2.0 / Float64(x * x)) + Float64(1.0 / x))) + cbrt(Float64(Float64(1.0 / x) + Float64(1.0 / Float64(x * x))))) + Float64(1.0 / cbrt(x))) * x))
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(1.0 / N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(N[(2.0 / N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(N[(1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 6.8%

   \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift--.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x}} \]

   2. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{x + 1}} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

   3. lift-cbrt.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1}} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

   4. lift-cbrt.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x}} \]

   5. flip3-- N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x + 1}\right)}^{3} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

   6. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x + 1}\right)}^{3} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

   7. rem-cube-cbrt N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right)} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   8. rem-cube-cbrt N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x + 1\right) - \color{blue}{x}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   9. lower--.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right) - x}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   10. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x + \color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   11. fp-cancel-sign-sub-inv N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right) \cdot 1\right)} - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - \color{blue}{-1} \cdot 1\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   13. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - \color{blue}{-1}\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   14. lower--.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x - -1\right)} - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   15. lower-+.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

3. Applied rewrites 9.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)}} \]

4. Taylor expanded in x around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)\right)}} \]
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)\right)}} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x}} \]

   3. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x}} \]

6. Applied rewrites 93.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{-0.3333333333333333}\right) \cdot x}} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot x} \]

   2. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)\right)}\right) \cdot x} \]

   3. pow-flip N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{{x}^{\frac{1}{3}}}\right) \cdot x} \]

   4. pow1/3 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right) \cdot x} \]

   5. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right) \cdot x} \]

   6. lower-cbrt.f64 98.2

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right) \cdot x} \]

8. Applied rewrites 98.2%

   \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right) \cdot x} \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 98.1% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right) \cdot x} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  1.0
  (*
   (+
    (+
     (cbrt (+ (/ 2.0 (* x x)) (/ 1.0 x)))
     (cbrt (+ (/ 1.0 x) (/ 1.0 (* x x)))))
    (cbrt (/ 1.0 x)))
   x)))

C

double code(double x) {
	return 1.0 / (((cbrt(((2.0 / (x * x)) + (1.0 / x))) + cbrt(((1.0 / x) + (1.0 / (x * x))))) + cbrt((1.0 / x))) * x);
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return 1.0 / (((Math.cbrt(((2.0 / (x * x)) + (1.0 / x))) + Math.cbrt(((1.0 / x) + (1.0 / (x * x))))) + Math.cbrt((1.0 / x))) * x);
}

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(cbrt(Float64(Float64(2.0 / Float64(x * x)) + Float64(1.0 / x))) + cbrt(Float64(Float64(1.0 / x) + Float64(1.0 / Float64(x * x))))) + cbrt(Float64(1.0 / x))) * x))
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(1.0 / N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(N[(2.0 / N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(N[(1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(1.0 / x), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 6.8%

   \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift--.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x}} \]

   2. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{x + 1}} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

   3. lift-cbrt.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1}} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

   4. lift-cbrt.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x}} \]

   5. flip3-- N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x + 1}\right)}^{3} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

   6. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt[3]{x + 1}\right)}^{3} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

   7. rem-cube-cbrt N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right)} - {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{3}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   8. rem-cube-cbrt N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x + 1\right) - \color{blue}{x}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   9. lower--.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x + 1\right) - x}}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   10. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x + \color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   11. fp-cancel-sign-sub-inv N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right) \cdot 1\right)} - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - \color{blue}{-1} \cdot 1\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   13. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - \color{blue}{-1}\right) - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   14. lower--.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(x - -1\right)} - x}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)} \]

   15. lower-+.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x + 1} + \left(\sqrt[3]{x} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x} + \sqrt[3]{x + 1} \cdot \sqrt[3]{x}\right)}} \]

3. Applied rewrites 9.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(x - -1\right) - x}{{\left(x - -1\right)}^{0.6666666666666666} + \left({x}^{0.6666666666666666} + \sqrt[3]{\left(x - -1\right) \cdot x}\right)}} \]

4. Taylor expanded in x around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)\right)}} \]
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)\right)}} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x}} \]

   3. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{x}} \]

6. Applied rewrites 93.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{-0.3333333333333333}\right) \cdot x}} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot x} \]

   2. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {x}^{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)}\right) \cdot x} \]

   3. pow-pow N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {\left({x}^{-1}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot x} \]

   4. inv-pow N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + {\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot x} \]

   5. pow1/3 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right) \cdot x} \]

   6. lower-cbrt.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right) \cdot x} \]

   7. lift-/.f64 98.1

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right) \cdot x} \]

8. Applied rewrites 98.1%

   \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{2}{x \cdot x} + \frac{1}{x}} + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{x \cdot x}}\right) + \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right) \cdot x} \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 96.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* (pow (cbrt x) -2.0) 0.3333333333333333))

C

double code(double x) {
	return pow(cbrt(x), -2.0) * 0.3333333333333333;
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return Math.pow(Math.cbrt(x), -2.0) * 0.3333333333333333;
}

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64((cbrt(x) ^ -2.0) * 0.3333333333333333)
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(N[Power[N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision], -2.0], $MachinePrecision] * 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 6.8%

   \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}}} \]
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

   3. pow1/3 N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   4. pow-flip N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   5. pow-pow N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   6. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(-2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   7. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   9. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   10. lower-pow.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   11. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   12. metadata-eval 89.0

       \[\leadsto {x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

4. Applied rewrites 89.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333} \]
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   2. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{-1}{3} + \frac{-1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   3. pow-prod-up N/A

      \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   4. pow-prod-down N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   5. unpow2 N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{2}\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   6. lower-pow.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{2}\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   7. unpow2 N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   8. lower-*.f64 46.4

      \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{-0.3333333333333333} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

6. Applied rewrites 46.4%

   \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{-0.3333333333333333} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   2. lift-pow.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(x \cdot x\right)}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   3. unpow-prod-down N/A

      \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\frac{-1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   4. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \left({x}^{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   5. pow-pow N/A

      \[\leadsto \left({\left({x}^{-1}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   6. inv-pow N/A

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   7. pow1/3 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {x}^{\frac{-1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {x}^{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   9. pow-pow N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {\left({x}^{-1}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   10. inv-pow N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   11. pow1/3 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   12. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x}}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   13. cbrt-div N/A

       \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{1}}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   14. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   15. inv-pow N/A

       \[\leadsto {\left({\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   16. pow-pow N/A

       \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{\left(-1 \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   17. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   18. lower-pow.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   19. lift-cbrt.f64 96.6

       \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

8. Applied rewrites 96.6%

   \[\leadsto {\left(\sqrt[3]{x}\right)}^{-2} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 92.2% accurate, 1.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{+154}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-1}{\sqrt[3]{-x \cdot x}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{{x}^{0.6666666666666666}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x 1.35e+154)
   (* (/ -1.0 (cbrt (- (* x x)))) 0.3333333333333333)
   (* (/ 1.0 (pow x 0.6666666666666666)) 0.3333333333333333)))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 1.35e+154) {
		tmp = (-1.0 / cbrt(-(x * x))) * 0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = (1.0 / pow(x, 0.6666666666666666)) * 0.3333333333333333;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 1.35e+154) {
		tmp = (-1.0 / Math.cbrt(-(x * x))) * 0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = (1.0 / Math.pow(x, 0.6666666666666666)) * 0.3333333333333333;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= 1.35e+154)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-1.0 / cbrt(Float64(-Float64(x * x)))) * 0.3333333333333333);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(1.0 / (x ^ 0.6666666666666666)) * 0.3333333333333333);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 1.35e+154], N[(N[(-1.0 / N[Power[(-N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(1.0 / N[Power[x, 0.6666666666666666], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < 1.35000000000000003e154

   1. Initial program 8.9%

      \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}}} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      3. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. pow-flip N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(-2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. lower-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      11. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      12. metadata-eval 88.8

          \[\leadsto {x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   4. Applied rewrites 88.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      2. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(-2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      3. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-flip N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. frac-2neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left({x}^{2}\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{-1}{\mathsf{neg}\left({x}^{2}\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. cbrt-div N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt[3]{-1}}{\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{neg}\left({x}^{2}\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt[3]{{-1}^{3}}}{\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{neg}\left({x}^{2}\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      11. rem-cbrt-cube N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{neg}\left({x}^{2}\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      12. lower-/.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{neg}\left({x}^{2}\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      13. lower-cbrt.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{neg}\left({x}^{2}\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      14. lower-neg.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\sqrt[3]{-{x}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      15. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\sqrt[3]{-x \cdot x}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      16. lower-*.f64 95.3

          \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\sqrt[3]{-x \cdot x}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   6. Applied rewrites 95.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\sqrt[3]{-x \cdot x}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   if 1.35000000000000003e154 < x

   1. Initial program 4.7%

      \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}}} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      3. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. pow-flip N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(-2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. lower-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      11. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      12. metadata-eval 89.1

          \[\leadsto {x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   4. Applied rewrites 89.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      2. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      3. pow-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{x}^{\frac{2}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{x}^{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left({x}^{2}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left({x}^{2}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{x}^{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{x}^{\frac{2}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      11. lift-pow.f64 89.1

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{x}^{0.6666666666666666}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   6. Applied rewrites 89.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{x}^{0.6666666666666666}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 92.1% accurate, 1.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{+154}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x \cdot x}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{{x}^{0.6666666666666666}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x 1.35e+154)
   (* (cbrt (/ 1.0 (* x x))) 0.3333333333333333)
   (* (/ 1.0 (pow x 0.6666666666666666)) 0.3333333333333333)))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 1.35e+154) {
		tmp = cbrt((1.0 / (x * x))) * 0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = (1.0 / pow(x, 0.6666666666666666)) * 0.3333333333333333;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 1.35e+154) {
		tmp = Math.cbrt((1.0 / (x * x))) * 0.3333333333333333;
	} else {
		tmp = (1.0 / Math.pow(x, 0.6666666666666666)) * 0.3333333333333333;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= 1.35e+154)
		tmp = Float64(cbrt(Float64(1.0 / Float64(x * x))) * 0.3333333333333333);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(1.0 / (x ^ 0.6666666666666666)) * 0.3333333333333333);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[LessEqual[x, 1.35e+154], N[(N[Power[N[(1.0 / N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision] * 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(1.0 / N[Power[x, 0.6666666666666666], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < 1.35000000000000003e154

   1. Initial program 8.9%

      \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}}} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      3. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. pow-flip N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(-2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. lower-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      11. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      12. metadata-eval 88.8

          \[\leadsto {x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   4. Applied rewrites 88.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      2. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(-2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      3. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-flip N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. lower-cbrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x \cdot x}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. lower-*.f64 95.1

          \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x \cdot x}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   6. Applied rewrites 95.1%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x \cdot x}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   if 1.35000000000000003e154 < x

   1. Initial program 4.7%

      \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

   2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}}} \]
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

      3. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. pow-flip N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(-2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. lower-pow.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      11. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      12. metadata-eval 89.1

          \[\leadsto {x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   4. Applied rewrites 89.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      2. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      3. pow-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{x}^{\frac{2}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      4. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{x}^{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      5. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left({x}^{2}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      6. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      7. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      8. pow1/3 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{\left({x}^{2}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      9. pow-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{x}^{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      10. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{x}^{\frac{2}{3}}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

      11. lift-pow.f64 89.1

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{x}^{0.6666666666666666}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

   6. Applied rewrites 89.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{{x}^{0.6666666666666666}} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 89.0% accurate, 1.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ {x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (* (pow x -0.6666666666666666) 0.3333333333333333))

C

double code(double x) {
	return pow(x, -0.6666666666666666) * 0.3333333333333333;
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = (x ** (-0.6666666666666666d0)) * 0.3333333333333333d0
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return Math.pow(x, -0.6666666666666666) * 0.3333333333333333;
}

Python

def code(x):
	return math.pow(x, -0.6666666666666666) * 0.3333333333333333

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64((x ^ -0.6666666666666666) * 0.3333333333333333)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = (x ^ -0.6666666666666666) * 0.3333333333333333;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(N[Power[x, -0.6666666666666666], $MachinePrecision] * 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 6.8%

   \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

2. Taylor expanded in x around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}}} \]
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}} \]

   3. pow1/3 N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{1}{{x}^{2}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   4. pow-flip N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left({x}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}\right)}^{\frac{1}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   5. pow-pow N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   6. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(-2 \cdot \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   7. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\frac{-2}{3}} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   9. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   10. lower-pow.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   11. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot -2\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]

   12. metadata-eval 89.0

       \[\leadsto {x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]

4. Applied rewrites 89.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{-0.6666666666666666} \cdot 0.3333333333333333} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 1.8% accurate, 2.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 1 - \sqrt[3]{x} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (- 1.0 (cbrt x)))

C

double code(double x) {
	return 1.0 - cbrt(x);
}

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return 1.0 - Math.cbrt(x);
}

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64(1.0 - cbrt(x))
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(1.0 - N[Power[x, 1/3], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 6.8%

   \[\sqrt[3]{x + 1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]

2. Taylor expanded in x around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]
3. Step-by-step derivation

4. Applied rewrites 1.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} - \sqrt[3]{x} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2025101 
(FPCore (x)
  :name "2cbrt (problem 3.3.4)"
  :precision binary64
  :pre (and (> x 1.0) (< x 1e+308))
  (- (cbrt (+ x 1.0)) (cbrt x)))