raw-angle from scale-rotated-ellipse

Percentage Accurate: 14.0% → 56.2%
Time: 18.4s
Alternatives: 9
Speedup: 22.2×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \cos t\_0\\ t_2 := \sin t\_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_2\right) \cdot t\_1}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_5 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\ 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(t\_4 - t\_5\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_5 - t\_4\right)}^{2} + {t\_3}^{2}}}{t\_3}\right)}{\pi} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (cos t_0))
        (t_2 (sin t_0))
        (t_3
         (/
          (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_2) t_1) x-scale)
          y-scale))
        (t_4
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale))
        (t_5
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale)))
   (*
    180.0
    (/
     (atan
      (/ (- (- t_4 t_5) (sqrt (+ (pow (- t_5 t_4) 2.0) (pow t_3 2.0)))) t_3))
     PI))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = cos(t_0);
	double t_2 = sin(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_5 = ((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	return 180.0 * (atan((((t_4 - t_5) - sqrt((pow((t_5 - t_4), 2.0) + pow(t_3, 2.0)))) / t_3)) / ((double) M_PI));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_5 = ((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	return 180.0 * (Math.atan((((t_4 - t_5) - Math.sqrt((Math.pow((t_5 - t_4), 2.0) + Math.pow(t_3, 2.0)))) / t_3)) / Math.PI);
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_2 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	t_4 = ((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	t_5 = ((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale
	return 180.0 * (math.atan((((t_4 - t_5) - math.sqrt((math.pow((t_5 - t_4), 2.0) + math.pow(t_3, 2.0)))) / t_3)) / math.pi)
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = cos(t_0)
	t_2 = sin(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	t_4 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	t_5 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)
	return Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(Float64(t_4 - t_5) - sqrt(Float64((Float64(t_5 - t_4) ^ 2.0) + (t_3 ^ 2.0)))) / t_3)) / pi))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = cos(t_0);
	t_2 = sin(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	t_4 = ((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	t_5 = ((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	tmp = 180.0 * (atan((((t_4 - t_5) - sqrt((((t_5 - t_4) ^ 2.0) + (t_3 ^ 2.0)))) / t_3)) / pi);
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$4 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$5 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[(t$95$4 - t$95$5), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(t$95$5 - t$95$4), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[t$95$3, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t$95$3), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \cos t\_0\\
t_2 := \sin t\_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_2\right) \cdot t\_1}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_5 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\
180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(t\_4 - t\_5\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_5 - t\_4\right)}^{2} + {t\_3}^{2}}}{t\_3}\right)}{\pi}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 9 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 14.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \cos t\_0\\ t_2 := \sin t\_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_2\right) \cdot t\_1}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_5 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\ 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(t\_4 - t\_5\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_5 - t\_4\right)}^{2} + {t\_3}^{2}}}{t\_3}\right)}{\pi} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (cos t_0))
        (t_2 (sin t_0))
        (t_3
         (/
          (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_2) t_1) x-scale)
          y-scale))
        (t_4
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale))
        (t_5
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale)))
   (*
    180.0
    (/
     (atan
      (/ (- (- t_4 t_5) (sqrt (+ (pow (- t_5 t_4) 2.0) (pow t_3 2.0)))) t_3))
     PI))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = cos(t_0);
	double t_2 = sin(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_5 = ((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	return 180.0 * (atan((((t_4 - t_5) - sqrt((pow((t_5 - t_4), 2.0) + pow(t_3, 2.0)))) / t_3)) / ((double) M_PI));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_5 = ((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	return 180.0 * (Math.atan((((t_4 - t_5) - Math.sqrt((Math.pow((t_5 - t_4), 2.0) + Math.pow(t_3, 2.0)))) / t_3)) / Math.PI);
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_2 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	t_4 = ((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	t_5 = ((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale
	return 180.0 * (math.atan((((t_4 - t_5) - math.sqrt((math.pow((t_5 - t_4), 2.0) + math.pow(t_3, 2.0)))) / t_3)) / math.pi)
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = cos(t_0)
	t_2 = sin(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	t_4 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	t_5 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)
	return Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(Float64(t_4 - t_5) - sqrt(Float64((Float64(t_5 - t_4) ^ 2.0) + (t_3 ^ 2.0)))) / t_3)) / pi))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = cos(t_0);
	t_2 = sin(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	t_4 = ((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	t_5 = ((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	tmp = 180.0 * (atan((((t_4 - t_5) - sqrt((((t_5 - t_4) ^ 2.0) + (t_3 ^ 2.0)))) / t_3)) / pi);
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$4 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$5 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[(t$95$4 - t$95$5), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(t$95$5 - t$95$4), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[t$95$3, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t$95$3), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \cos t\_0\\
t_2 := \sin t\_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_2\right) \cdot t\_1}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_5 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\
180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(t\_4 - t\_5\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_5 - t\_4\right)}^{2} + {t\_3}^{2}}}{t\_3}\right)}{\pi}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 56.2% accurate, 8.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\\ t_1 := \sin t\_0\\ \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 360:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos t\_0}{x-scale \cdot t\_1}\right)}{\pi}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a\_m \leq 3.9 \cdot 10^{+125}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot t\_1}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.005555555555555556, angle \cdot \pi, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan t\_0\right)}{\pi}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
(FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* 0.005555555555555556 (* angle PI))) (t_1 (sin t_0)))
   (if (<= a_m 360.0)
     (* 180.0 (/ (atan (* -1.0 (/ (* y-scale (cos t_0)) (* x-scale t_1)))) PI))
     (if (<= a_m 3.9e+125)
       (*
        180.0
        (/
         (atan
          (/
           (* y-scale t_1)
           (*
            x-scale
            (sin (fma 0.005555555555555556 (* angle PI) (/ PI 2.0))))))
         PI))
       (* 180.0 (/ (atan (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (tan t_0))) PI))))))
a_m = fabs(a);
double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = 0.005555555555555556 * (angle * ((double) M_PI));
	double t_1 = sin(t_0);
	double tmp;
	if (a_m <= 360.0) {
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-1.0 * ((y_45_scale * cos(t_0)) / (x_45_scale * t_1)))) / ((double) M_PI));
	} else if (a_m <= 3.9e+125) {
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale * t_1) / (x_45_scale * sin(fma(0.005555555555555556, (angle * ((double) M_PI)), (((double) M_PI) / 2.0)))))) / ((double) M_PI));
	} else {
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan(t_0))) / ((double) M_PI));
	}
	return tmp;
}
a_m = abs(a)
function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(angle * pi))
	t_1 = sin(t_0)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a_m <= 360.0)
		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(-1.0 * Float64(Float64(y_45_scale * cos(t_0)) / Float64(x_45_scale * t_1)))) / pi));
	elseif (a_m <= 3.9e+125)
		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(y_45_scale * t_1) / Float64(x_45_scale * sin(fma(0.005555555555555556, Float64(angle * pi), Float64(pi / 2.0)))))) / pi));
	else
		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan(t_0))) / pi));
	end
	return tmp
end
a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[a$95$m, 360.0], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(-1.0 * N[(N[(y$45$scale * N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x$45$scale * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[a$95$m, 3.9e+125], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(y$45$scale * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x$45$scale * N[Sin[N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision] + N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[Tan[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
a_m = \left|a\right|

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := 0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\\
t_1 := \sin t\_0\\
\mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 360:\\
\;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos t\_0}{x-scale \cdot t\_1}\right)}{\pi}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a\_m \leq 3.9 \cdot 10^{+125}:\\
\;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot t\_1}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.005555555555555556, angle \cdot \pi, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan t\_0\right)}{\pi}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if a < 360

    1. Initial program 20.0%

      \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    3. Applied rewrites36.0%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      3. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
    6. Applied rewrites54.9%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      3. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. lift-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      7. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      8. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      9. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      10. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      11. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      12. frac-timesN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      13. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    8. Applied rewrites53.8%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]

    if 360 < a < 3.9000000000000002e125

    1. Initial program 16.4%

      \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    3. Applied rewrites43.1%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      3. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. quot-tanN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. lower-tan.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      7. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      8. lift-*.f6452.8

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
    6. Applied rewrites52.8%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      3. lift-tan.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      7. tan-quotN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      8. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      9. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      10. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      11. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      12. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      13. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{angle} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      14. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      15. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      16. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      17. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    8. Applied rewrites50.5%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      3. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. sin-+PI/2-revN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      7. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{180}, angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      8. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{180}, angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      9. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{180}, angle \cdot \pi, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      10. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{180}, angle \cdot \pi, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      11. lift-PI.f6450.8

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.005555555555555556, angle \cdot \pi, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    10. Applied rewrites50.8%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.005555555555555556, angle \cdot \pi, \frac{\pi}{2}\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]

    if 3.9000000000000002e125 < a

    1. Initial program 1.8%

      \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    3. Applied rewrites16.5%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      3. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. quot-tanN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. lower-tan.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      7. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      8. lift-*.f6464.2

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
    6. Applied rewrites64.2%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 56.5% accurate, 8.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 460000000:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos t\_0}{x-scale \cdot \sin t\_0}\right)}{\pi}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan t\_0\right)}{\pi}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
(FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* 0.005555555555555556 (* angle PI))))
   (if (<= a_m 460000000.0)
     (*
      180.0
      (/ (atan (* -1.0 (/ (* y-scale (cos t_0)) (* x-scale (sin t_0))))) PI))
     (* 180.0 (/ (atan (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (tan t_0))) PI)))))
a_m = fabs(a);
double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = 0.005555555555555556 * (angle * ((double) M_PI));
	double tmp;
	if (a_m <= 460000000.0) {
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-1.0 * ((y_45_scale * cos(t_0)) / (x_45_scale * sin(t_0))))) / ((double) M_PI));
	} else {
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan(t_0))) / ((double) M_PI));
	}
	return tmp;
}
a_m = Math.abs(a);
public static double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = 0.005555555555555556 * (angle * Math.PI);
	double tmp;
	if (a_m <= 460000000.0) {
		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan((-1.0 * ((y_45_scale * Math.cos(t_0)) / (x_45_scale * Math.sin(t_0))))) / Math.PI);
	} else {
		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * Math.tan(t_0))) / Math.PI);
	}
	return tmp;
}
a_m = math.fabs(a)
def code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = 0.005555555555555556 * (angle * math.pi)
	tmp = 0
	if a_m <= 460000000.0:
		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan((-1.0 * ((y_45_scale * math.cos(t_0)) / (x_45_scale * math.sin(t_0))))) / math.pi)
	else:
		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * math.tan(t_0))) / math.pi)
	return tmp
a_m = abs(a)
function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(angle * pi))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a_m <= 460000000.0)
		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(-1.0 * Float64(Float64(y_45_scale * cos(t_0)) / Float64(x_45_scale * sin(t_0))))) / pi));
	else
		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan(t_0))) / pi));
	end
	return tmp
end
a_m = abs(a);
function tmp_2 = code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = 0.005555555555555556 * (angle * pi);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a_m <= 460000000.0)
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-1.0 * ((y_45_scale * cos(t_0)) / (x_45_scale * sin(t_0))))) / pi);
	else
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan(t_0))) / pi);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[a$95$m, 460000000.0], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(-1.0 * N[(N[(y$45$scale * N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x$45$scale * N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[Tan[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
a_m = \left|a\right|

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := 0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 460000000:\\
\;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos t\_0}{x-scale \cdot \sin t\_0}\right)}{\pi}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan t\_0\right)}{\pi}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < 4.6e8

    1. Initial program 19.8%

      \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    3. Applied rewrites36.1%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      3. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
    6. Applied rewrites54.6%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      3. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. lift-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      7. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      8. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      9. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      10. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      11. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      12. frac-timesN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      13. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    8. Applied rewrites53.5%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]

    if 4.6e8 < a

    1. Initial program 7.7%

      \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    3. Applied rewrites27.1%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      3. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. quot-tanN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. lower-tan.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      7. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      8. lift-*.f6459.7

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
    6. Applied rewrites59.7%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 56.8% accurate, 12.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 440000000:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin t\_0}\right)\right)}{\pi}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan t\_0\right)}{\pi}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
(FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* 0.005555555555555556 (* angle PI))))
   (if (<= a_m 440000000.0)
     (* 180.0 (/ (atan (* -1.0 (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (/ 1.0 (sin t_0))))) PI))
     (* 180.0 (/ (atan (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (tan t_0))) PI)))))
a_m = fabs(a);
double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = 0.005555555555555556 * (angle * ((double) M_PI));
	double tmp;
	if (a_m <= 440000000.0) {
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-1.0 * ((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (1.0 / sin(t_0))))) / ((double) M_PI));
	} else {
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan(t_0))) / ((double) M_PI));
	}
	return tmp;
}
a_m = Math.abs(a);
public static double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = 0.005555555555555556 * (angle * Math.PI);
	double tmp;
	if (a_m <= 440000000.0) {
		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan((-1.0 * ((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (1.0 / Math.sin(t_0))))) / Math.PI);
	} else {
		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * Math.tan(t_0))) / Math.PI);
	}
	return tmp;
}
a_m = math.fabs(a)
def code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = 0.005555555555555556 * (angle * math.pi)
	tmp = 0
	if a_m <= 440000000.0:
		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan((-1.0 * ((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (1.0 / math.sin(t_0))))) / math.pi)
	else:
		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * math.tan(t_0))) / math.pi)
	return tmp
a_m = abs(a)
function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(angle * pi))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a_m <= 440000000.0)
		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(-1.0 * Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * Float64(1.0 / sin(t_0))))) / pi));
	else
		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan(t_0))) / pi));
	end
	return tmp
end
a_m = abs(a);
function tmp_2 = code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = 0.005555555555555556 * (angle * pi);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a_m <= 440000000.0)
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-1.0 * ((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (1.0 / sin(t_0))))) / pi);
	else
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan(t_0))) / pi);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[a$95$m, 440000000.0], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(-1.0 * N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[Tan[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
a_m = \left|a\right|

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := 0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 440000000:\\
\;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin t\_0}\right)\right)}{\pi}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan t\_0\right)}{\pi}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < 4.4e8

    1. Initial program 19.8%

      \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    3. Applied rewrites36.1%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. times-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      3. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
    6. Applied rewrites54.6%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites54.1%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]

      if 4.4e8 < a

      1. Initial program 7.7%

        \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
      3. Applied rewrites27.1%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
      4. Taylor expanded in a around inf

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. times-fracN/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        3. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        4. quot-tanN/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        5. lower-tan.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        6. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        7. lift-PI.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        8. lift-*.f6459.7

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. Applied rewrites59.7%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    9. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    10. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 4: 53.7% accurate, 12.8× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 280:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(180, \frac{y-scale}{\pi}, \left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(-0.002777777777777778 \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right) - -0.000925925925925926 \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{angle \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
    (FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
     :precision binary64
     (if (<= a_m 280.0)
       (*
        180.0
        (/
         (atan
          (*
           -1.0
           (/
            (fma
             180.0
             (/ y-scale PI)
             (*
              (* angle angle)
              (-
               (* -0.002777777777777778 (* y-scale PI))
               (* -0.000925925925925926 (* y-scale PI)))))
            (* angle x-scale))))
         PI))
       (*
        180.0
        (/
         (atan (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (tan (* 0.005555555555555556 (* angle PI)))))
         PI))))
    a_m = fabs(a);
    double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (a_m <= 280.0) {
    		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-1.0 * (fma(180.0, (y_45_scale / ((double) M_PI)), ((angle * angle) * ((-0.002777777777777778 * (y_45_scale * ((double) M_PI))) - (-0.000925925925925926 * (y_45_scale * ((double) M_PI)))))) / (angle * x_45_scale)))) / ((double) M_PI));
    	} else {
    		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan((0.005555555555555556 * (angle * ((double) M_PI)))))) / ((double) M_PI));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    a_m = abs(a)
    function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (a_m <= 280.0)
    		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(-1.0 * Float64(fma(180.0, Float64(y_45_scale / pi), Float64(Float64(angle * angle) * Float64(Float64(-0.002777777777777778 * Float64(y_45_scale * pi)) - Float64(-0.000925925925925926 * Float64(y_45_scale * pi))))) / Float64(angle * x_45_scale)))) / pi));
    	else
    		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan(Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(angle * pi))))) / pi));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
    code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := If[LessEqual[a$95$m, 280.0], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(-1.0 * N[(N[(180.0 * N[(y$45$scale / Pi), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(angle * angle), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(-0.002777777777777778 * N[(y$45$scale * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(-0.000925925925925926 * N[(y$45$scale * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(angle * x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[Tan[N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    a_m = \left|a\right|
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 280:\\
    \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(180, \frac{y-scale}{\pi}, \left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(-0.002777777777777778 \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right) - -0.000925925925925926 \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{angle \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi}\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if a < 280

      1. Initial program 20.0%

        \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
      3. Applied rewrites36.0%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
      4. Taylor expanded in a around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. times-fracN/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        3. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        4. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        5. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. Applied rewrites54.9%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      7. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + {angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{360} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{x-scale} - \frac{-1}{1080} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{angle}\right)}{\pi} \]
      8. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + {angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{360} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{x-scale} - \frac{-1}{1080} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{angle}\right)}{\pi} \]
      9. Applied rewrites42.7%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(180, \frac{y-scale}{x-scale \cdot \pi}, \left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(-0.002777777777777778 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \pi}{x-scale} - -0.000925925925925926 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \pi}{x-scale}\right)\right)}{angle}\right)}{\pi} \]
      10. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + {angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{360} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) - \frac{-1}{1080} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{angle \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
      11. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + {angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{360} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) - \frac{-1}{1080} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{angle \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
      12. Applied rewrites47.9%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(180, \frac{y-scale}{\pi}, \left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(-0.002777777777777778 \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right) - -0.000925925925925926 \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{angle \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]

      if 280 < a

      1. Initial program 7.8%

        \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
      3. Applied rewrites27.4%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
      4. Taylor expanded in a around inf

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. times-fracN/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        3. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        4. quot-tanN/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        5. lower-tan.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        6. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        7. lift-PI.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        8. lift-*.f6459.5

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. Applied rewrites59.5%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    4. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 5: 52.3% accurate, 16.4× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 10^{-102}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(180, \frac{y-scale}{\pi}, \left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(-0.002777777777777778 \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right) - -0.000925925925925926 \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{angle \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
    (FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
     :precision binary64
     (if (<= a_m 1e-102)
       (*
        180.0
        (/
         (atan
          (*
           -1.0
           (/
            (fma
             180.0
             (/ y-scale PI)
             (*
              (* angle angle)
              (-
               (* -0.002777777777777778 (* y-scale PI))
               (* -0.000925925925925926 (* y-scale PI)))))
            (* angle x-scale))))
         PI))
       (*
        180.0
        (/
         (atan (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (* 0.005555555555555556 (* angle PI))))
         PI))))
    a_m = fabs(a);
    double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (a_m <= 1e-102) {
    		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-1.0 * (fma(180.0, (y_45_scale / ((double) M_PI)), ((angle * angle) * ((-0.002777777777777778 * (y_45_scale * ((double) M_PI))) - (-0.000925925925925926 * (y_45_scale * ((double) M_PI)))))) / (angle * x_45_scale)))) / ((double) M_PI));
    	} else {
    		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * ((double) M_PI))))) / ((double) M_PI));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    a_m = abs(a)
    function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (a_m <= 1e-102)
    		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(-1.0 * Float64(fma(180.0, Float64(y_45_scale / pi), Float64(Float64(angle * angle) * Float64(Float64(-0.002777777777777778 * Float64(y_45_scale * pi)) - Float64(-0.000925925925925926 * Float64(y_45_scale * pi))))) / Float64(angle * x_45_scale)))) / pi));
    	else
    		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(angle * pi)))) / pi));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
    code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := If[LessEqual[a$95$m, 1e-102], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(-1.0 * N[(N[(180.0 * N[(y$45$scale / Pi), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(angle * angle), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(-0.002777777777777778 * N[(y$45$scale * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(-0.000925925925925926 * N[(y$45$scale * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(angle * x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    a_m = \left|a\right|
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 10^{-102}:\\
    \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(180, \frac{y-scale}{\pi}, \left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(-0.002777777777777778 \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right) - -0.000925925925925926 \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{angle \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi}\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if a < 9.99999999999999933e-103

      1. Initial program 19.3%

        \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
      3. Applied rewrites33.9%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
      4. Taylor expanded in a around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. times-fracN/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        3. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        4. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        5. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. Applied rewrites58.1%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      7. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + {angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{360} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{x-scale} - \frac{-1}{1080} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{angle}\right)}{\pi} \]
      8. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + {angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{360} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{x-scale} - \frac{-1}{1080} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{angle}\right)}{\pi} \]
      9. Applied rewrites45.8%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(180, \frac{y-scale}{x-scale \cdot \pi}, \left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(-0.002777777777777778 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \pi}{x-scale} - -0.000925925925925926 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \pi}{x-scale}\right)\right)}{angle}\right)}{\pi} \]
      10. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + {angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{360} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) - \frac{-1}{1080} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{angle \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
      11. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + {angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{360} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) - \frac{-1}{1080} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{angle \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
      12. Applied rewrites51.5%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(180, \frac{y-scale}{\pi}, \left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(-0.002777777777777778 \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right) - -0.000925925925925926 \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{angle \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]

      if 9.99999999999999933e-103 < a

      1. Initial program 11.4%

        \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
      3. Applied rewrites30.7%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
      4. Taylor expanded in a around inf

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. times-fracN/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        3. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        4. quot-tanN/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        5. lower-tan.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        6. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        7. lift-PI.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        8. lift-*.f6455.2

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. Applied rewrites55.2%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      7. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      8. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. lift-PI.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        3. lift-*.f6452.8

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      9. Applied rewrites52.8%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
    3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    4. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 6: 52.1% accurate, 21.3× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 1.6 \cdot 10^{-88}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
    (FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
     :precision binary64
     (if (<= a_m 1.6e-88)
       (* 180.0 (/ (atan (* -180.0 (/ y-scale (* angle (* x-scale PI))))) PI))
       (*
        180.0
        (/
         (atan (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (* 0.005555555555555556 (* angle PI))))
         PI))))
    a_m = fabs(a);
    double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (a_m <= 1.6e-88) {
    		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * ((double) M_PI)))))) / ((double) M_PI));
    	} else {
    		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * ((double) M_PI))))) / ((double) M_PI));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    a_m = Math.abs(a);
    public static double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (a_m <= 1.6e-88) {
    		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * Math.PI))))) / Math.PI);
    	} else {
    		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * Math.PI)))) / Math.PI);
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    a_m = math.fabs(a)
    def code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
    	tmp = 0
    	if a_m <= 1.6e-88:
    		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * math.pi))))) / math.pi)
    	else:
    		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * math.pi)))) / math.pi)
    	return tmp
    
    a_m = abs(a)
    function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (a_m <= 1.6e-88)
    		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(-180.0 * Float64(y_45_scale / Float64(angle * Float64(x_45_scale * pi))))) / pi));
    	else
    		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(angle * pi)))) / pi));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    a_m = abs(a);
    function tmp_2 = code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if (a_m <= 1.6e-88)
    		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * pi))))) / pi);
    	else
    		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * pi)))) / pi);
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
    code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := If[LessEqual[a$95$m, 1.6e-88], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(-180.0 * N[(y$45$scale / N[(angle * N[(x$45$scale * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    a_m = \left|a\right|
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 1.6 \cdot 10^{-88}:\\
    \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi}\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if a < 1.60000000000000006e-88

      1. Initial program 19.3%

        \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(90 \cdot \frac{x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} - 2 \cdot \frac{{b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right)\right)}{angle \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites15.7%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(90 \cdot \left(\frac{x-scale}{angle} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale \cdot y-scale} - 2 \cdot \frac{b \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
        2. Taylor expanded in a around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{\color{blue}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          4. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          5. lift-PI.f6450.0

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        4. Applied rewrites50.0%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]

        if 1.60000000000000006e-88 < a

        1. Initial program 11.1%

          \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
        3. Applied rewrites30.6%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
        4. Taylor expanded in a around inf

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        5. Step-by-step derivation
          1. times-fracN/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lift-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          4. quot-tanN/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          5. lower-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          6. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          7. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          8. lift-*.f6455.7

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        6. Applied rewrites55.7%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        7. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        8. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lift-*.f6453.3

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        9. Applied rewrites53.3%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      5. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 7: 45.3% accurate, 21.3× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{-248}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{x-scale}{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
      (FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
       :precision binary64
       (if (<= a_m 2.7e-248)
         (* 180.0 (/ (atan (* -180.0 (/ x-scale (* angle (* y-scale PI))))) PI))
         (*
          180.0
          (/
           (atan (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (* 0.005555555555555556 (* angle PI))))
           PI))))
      a_m = fabs(a);
      double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
      	double tmp;
      	if (a_m <= 2.7e-248) {
      		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-180.0 * (x_45_scale / (angle * (y_45_scale * ((double) M_PI)))))) / ((double) M_PI));
      	} else {
      		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * ((double) M_PI))))) / ((double) M_PI));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      a_m = Math.abs(a);
      public static double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
      	double tmp;
      	if (a_m <= 2.7e-248) {
      		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan((-180.0 * (x_45_scale / (angle * (y_45_scale * Math.PI))))) / Math.PI);
      	} else {
      		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * Math.PI)))) / Math.PI);
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      a_m = math.fabs(a)
      def code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
      	tmp = 0
      	if a_m <= 2.7e-248:
      		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan((-180.0 * (x_45_scale / (angle * (y_45_scale * math.pi))))) / math.pi)
      	else:
      		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * math.pi)))) / math.pi)
      	return tmp
      
      a_m = abs(a)
      function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (a_m <= 2.7e-248)
      		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(-180.0 * Float64(x_45_scale / Float64(angle * Float64(y_45_scale * pi))))) / pi));
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(angle * pi)))) / pi));
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      a_m = abs(a);
      function tmp_2 = code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
      	tmp = 0.0;
      	if (a_m <= 2.7e-248)
      		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-180.0 * (x_45_scale / (angle * (y_45_scale * pi))))) / pi);
      	else
      		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * pi)))) / pi);
      	end
      	tmp_2 = tmp;
      end
      
      a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
      code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := If[LessEqual[a$95$m, 2.7e-248], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(-180.0 * N[(x$45$scale / N[(angle * N[(y$45$scale * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      a_m = \left|a\right|
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{-248}:\\
      \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{x-scale}{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi}\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 2 regimes
      2. if a < 2.7000000000000001e-248

        1. Initial program 19.2%

          \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(90 \cdot \frac{x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} - 2 \cdot \frac{{b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right)\right)}{angle \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites16.8%

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(90 \cdot \left(\frac{x-scale}{angle} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale \cdot y-scale} - 2 \cdot \frac{b \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
          2. Taylor expanded in a around inf

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{x-scale}{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{x-scale}{\color{blue}{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
            2. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{x-scale}{angle \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
            3. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{x-scale}{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
            4. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{x-scale}{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
            5. lift-PI.f6421.1

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{x-scale}{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          4. Applied rewrites21.1%

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{x-scale}{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]

          if 2.7000000000000001e-248 < a

          1. Initial program 13.5%

            \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
          3. Applied rewrites31.7%

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
          4. Taylor expanded in a around inf

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          5. Step-by-step derivation
            1. times-fracN/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
            3. lift-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
            4. quot-tanN/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
            5. lower-tan.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
            6. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
            7. lift-PI.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
            8. lift-*.f6449.8

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          6. Applied rewrites49.8%

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          7. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          8. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
            2. lift-PI.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
            3. lift-*.f6447.7

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          9. Applied rewrites47.7%

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        4. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        5. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 8: 45.7% accurate, 22.2× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \end{array} \]
        a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
        (FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
         :precision binary64
         (*
          180.0
          (/ (atan (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (* 0.005555555555555556 (* angle PI)))) PI)))
        a_m = fabs(a);
        double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
        	return 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * ((double) M_PI))))) / ((double) M_PI));
        }
        
        a_m = Math.abs(a);
        public static double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
        	return 180.0 * (Math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * Math.PI)))) / Math.PI);
        }
        
        a_m = math.fabs(a)
        def code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
        	return 180.0 * (math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * math.pi)))) / math.pi)
        
        a_m = abs(a)
        function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
        	return Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(angle * pi)))) / pi))
        end
        
        a_m = abs(a);
        function tmp = code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
        	tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * pi)))) / pi);
        end
        
        a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
        code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        a_m = \left|a\right|
        
        \\
        180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 14.0%

          \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
        3. Applied rewrites31.8%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
        4. Taylor expanded in a around inf

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        5. Step-by-step derivation
          1. times-fracN/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lift-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          4. quot-tanN/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          5. lower-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          6. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          7. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          8. lift-*.f6447.7

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        6. Applied rewrites47.7%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        7. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        8. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lift-*.f6445.7

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        9. Applied rewrites45.7%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        10. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 9: 40.7% accurate, 22.2× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \end{array} \]
        a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
        (FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
         :precision binary64
         (*
          180.0
          (/ (atan (* 0.005555555555555556 (/ (* angle (* y-scale PI)) x-scale))) PI)))
        a_m = fabs(a);
        double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
        	return 180.0 * (atan((0.005555555555555556 * ((angle * (y_45_scale * ((double) M_PI))) / x_45_scale))) / ((double) M_PI));
        }
        
        a_m = Math.abs(a);
        public static double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
        	return 180.0 * (Math.atan((0.005555555555555556 * ((angle * (y_45_scale * Math.PI)) / x_45_scale))) / Math.PI);
        }
        
        a_m = math.fabs(a)
        def code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
        	return 180.0 * (math.atan((0.005555555555555556 * ((angle * (y_45_scale * math.pi)) / x_45_scale))) / math.pi)
        
        a_m = abs(a)
        function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
        	return Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(Float64(angle * Float64(y_45_scale * pi)) / x_45_scale))) / pi))
        end
        
        a_m = abs(a);
        function tmp = code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
        	tmp = 180.0 * (atan((0.005555555555555556 * ((angle * (y_45_scale * pi)) / x_45_scale))) / pi);
        end
        
        a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
        code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(N[(angle * N[(y$45$scale * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        a_m = \left|a\right|
        
        \\
        180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 14.0%

          \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
        3. Applied rewrites31.8%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
        4. Taylor expanded in a around inf

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        5. Step-by-step derivation
          1. times-fracN/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lift-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          4. quot-tanN/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          5. lower-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          6. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          7. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          8. lift-*.f6447.7

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        6. Applied rewrites47.7%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        7. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        8. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
          4. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
          5. lift-*.f6440.7

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
        9. Applied rewrites40.7%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        10. Add Preprocessing

        Reproduce

        ?
        herbie shell --seed 2025100 
        (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
          :name "raw-angle from scale-rotated-ellipse"
          :precision binary64
          (* 180.0 (/ (atan (/ (- (- (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale) (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale) (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)) 2.0) (pow (/ (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) x-scale) y-scale) 2.0)))) (/ (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) x-scale) y-scale))) PI)))