raw-angle from scale-rotated-ellipse

Percentage Accurate: 14.3% → 56.8%
Time: 22.4s
Alternatives: 6
Speedup: 22.2×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \cos t\_0\\ t_2 := \sin t\_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_2\right) \cdot t\_1}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_5 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\ 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(t\_4 - t\_5\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_5 - t\_4\right)}^{2} + {t\_3}^{2}}}{t\_3}\right)}{\pi} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (cos t_0))
        (t_2 (sin t_0))
        (t_3
         (/
          (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_2) t_1) x-scale)
          y-scale))
        (t_4
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale))
        (t_5
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale)))
   (*
    180.0
    (/
     (atan
      (/ (- (- t_4 t_5) (sqrt (+ (pow (- t_5 t_4) 2.0) (pow t_3 2.0)))) t_3))
     PI))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = cos(t_0);
	double t_2 = sin(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_5 = ((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	return 180.0 * (atan((((t_4 - t_5) - sqrt((pow((t_5 - t_4), 2.0) + pow(t_3, 2.0)))) / t_3)) / ((double) M_PI));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_5 = ((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	return 180.0 * (Math.atan((((t_4 - t_5) - Math.sqrt((Math.pow((t_5 - t_4), 2.0) + Math.pow(t_3, 2.0)))) / t_3)) / Math.PI);
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_2 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	t_4 = ((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	t_5 = ((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale
	return 180.0 * (math.atan((((t_4 - t_5) - math.sqrt((math.pow((t_5 - t_4), 2.0) + math.pow(t_3, 2.0)))) / t_3)) / math.pi)
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = cos(t_0)
	t_2 = sin(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	t_4 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	t_5 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)
	return Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(Float64(t_4 - t_5) - sqrt(Float64((Float64(t_5 - t_4) ^ 2.0) + (t_3 ^ 2.0)))) / t_3)) / pi))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = cos(t_0);
	t_2 = sin(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	t_4 = ((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	t_5 = ((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	tmp = 180.0 * (atan((((t_4 - t_5) - sqrt((((t_5 - t_4) ^ 2.0) + (t_3 ^ 2.0)))) / t_3)) / pi);
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$4 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$5 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[(t$95$4 - t$95$5), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(t$95$5 - t$95$4), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[t$95$3, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t$95$3), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \cos t\_0\\
t_2 := \sin t\_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_2\right) \cdot t\_1}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_5 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\
180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(t\_4 - t\_5\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_5 - t\_4\right)}^{2} + {t\_3}^{2}}}{t\_3}\right)}{\pi}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 6 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 14.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \cos t\_0\\ t_2 := \sin t\_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_2\right) \cdot t\_1}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_5 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\ 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(t\_4 - t\_5\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_5 - t\_4\right)}^{2} + {t\_3}^{2}}}{t\_3}\right)}{\pi} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (cos t_0))
        (t_2 (sin t_0))
        (t_3
         (/
          (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_2) t_1) x-scale)
          y-scale))
        (t_4
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale))
        (t_5
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale)))
   (*
    180.0
    (/
     (atan
      (/ (- (- t_4 t_5) (sqrt (+ (pow (- t_5 t_4) 2.0) (pow t_3 2.0)))) t_3))
     PI))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = cos(t_0);
	double t_2 = sin(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_5 = ((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	return 180.0 * (atan((((t_4 - t_5) - sqrt((pow((t_5 - t_4), 2.0) + pow(t_3, 2.0)))) / t_3)) / ((double) M_PI));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_4 = ((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	double t_5 = ((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	return 180.0 * (Math.atan((((t_4 - t_5) - Math.sqrt((Math.pow((t_5 - t_4), 2.0) + Math.pow(t_3, 2.0)))) / t_3)) / Math.PI);
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_2 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	t_4 = ((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	t_5 = ((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale
	return 180.0 * (math.atan((((t_4 - t_5) - math.sqrt((math.pow((t_5 - t_4), 2.0) + math.pow(t_3, 2.0)))) / t_3)) / math.pi)
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = cos(t_0)
	t_2 = sin(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	t_4 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	t_5 = Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)
	return Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(Float64(t_4 - t_5) - sqrt(Float64((Float64(t_5 - t_4) ^ 2.0) + (t_3 ^ 2.0)))) / t_3)) / pi))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = cos(t_0);
	t_2 = sin(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_2) * t_1) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	t_4 = ((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	t_5 = ((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale;
	tmp = 180.0 * (atan((((t_4 - t_5) - sqrt((((t_5 - t_4) ^ 2.0) + (t_3 ^ 2.0)))) / t_3)) / pi);
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$4 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$5 = N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[(t$95$4 - t$95$5), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(t$95$5 - t$95$4), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[t$95$3, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t$95$3), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \cos t\_0\\
t_2 := \sin t\_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_2\right) \cdot t\_1}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_5 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\
180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(t\_4 - t\_5\right) - \sqrt{{\left(t\_5 - t\_4\right)}^{2} + {t\_3}^{2}}}{t\_3}\right)}{\pi}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 56.8% accurate, 8.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 2.1 \cdot 10^{-66}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(-y-scale\right) \cdot \cos t\_0}{x-scale \cdot \sin t\_0}\right)}{\pi}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan t\_0\right)}{\pi}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
(FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* 0.005555555555555556 (* angle PI))))
   (if (<= a_m 2.1e-66)
     (*
      180.0
      (/ (atan (/ (* (- y-scale) (cos t_0)) (* x-scale (sin t_0)))) PI))
     (* 180.0 (/ (atan (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (tan t_0))) PI)))))
a_m = fabs(a);
double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = 0.005555555555555556 * (angle * ((double) M_PI));
	double tmp;
	if (a_m <= 2.1e-66) {
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((-y_45_scale * cos(t_0)) / (x_45_scale * sin(t_0)))) / ((double) M_PI));
	} else {
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan(t_0))) / ((double) M_PI));
	}
	return tmp;
}
a_m = Math.abs(a);
public static double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = 0.005555555555555556 * (angle * Math.PI);
	double tmp;
	if (a_m <= 2.1e-66) {
		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan(((-y_45_scale * Math.cos(t_0)) / (x_45_scale * Math.sin(t_0)))) / Math.PI);
	} else {
		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * Math.tan(t_0))) / Math.PI);
	}
	return tmp;
}
a_m = math.fabs(a)
def code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = 0.005555555555555556 * (angle * math.pi)
	tmp = 0
	if a_m <= 2.1e-66:
		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan(((-y_45_scale * math.cos(t_0)) / (x_45_scale * math.sin(t_0)))) / math.pi)
	else:
		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * math.tan(t_0))) / math.pi)
	return tmp
a_m = abs(a)
function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(angle * pi))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a_m <= 2.1e-66)
		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(Float64(-y_45_scale) * cos(t_0)) / Float64(x_45_scale * sin(t_0)))) / pi));
	else
		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan(t_0))) / pi));
	end
	return tmp
end
a_m = abs(a);
function tmp_2 = code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = 0.005555555555555556 * (angle * pi);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a_m <= 2.1e-66)
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((-y_45_scale * cos(t_0)) / (x_45_scale * sin(t_0)))) / pi);
	else
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan(t_0))) / pi);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[a$95$m, 2.1e-66], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[((-y$45$scale) * N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x$45$scale * N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[Tan[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
a_m = \left|a\right|

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := 0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 2.1 \cdot 10^{-66}:\\
\;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(-y-scale\right) \cdot \cos t\_0}{x-scale \cdot \sin t\_0}\right)}{\pi}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan t\_0\right)}{\pi}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < 2.1e-66

    1. Initial program 11.8%

      \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    4. Applied rewrites26.7%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      3. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{angle} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      7. lift-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      8. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    7. Applied rewrites47.3%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]

    if 2.1e-66 < a

    1. Initial program 12.3%

      \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    4. Applied rewrites35.6%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      3. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{angle} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      7. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      8. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      9. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      10. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    7. Applied rewrites58.7%

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    8. Applied rewrites61.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification51.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq 2.1 \cdot 10^{-66}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(-y-scale\right) \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 54.1% accurate, 12.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 1.02 \cdot 10^{-100}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
(FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a_m 1.02e-100)
   (* 180.0 (/ (atan (* -180.0 (/ y-scale (* angle (* x-scale PI))))) PI))
   (*
    180.0
    (/
     (atan (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (tan (* 0.005555555555555556 (* angle PI)))))
     PI))))
a_m = fabs(a);
double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double tmp;
	if (a_m <= 1.02e-100) {
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * ((double) M_PI)))))) / ((double) M_PI));
	} else {
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan((0.005555555555555556 * (angle * ((double) M_PI)))))) / ((double) M_PI));
	}
	return tmp;
}
a_m = Math.abs(a);
public static double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double tmp;
	if (a_m <= 1.02e-100) {
		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * Math.PI))))) / Math.PI);
	} else {
		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * Math.tan((0.005555555555555556 * (angle * Math.PI))))) / Math.PI);
	}
	return tmp;
}
a_m = math.fabs(a)
def code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	tmp = 0
	if a_m <= 1.02e-100:
		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * math.pi))))) / math.pi)
	else:
		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * math.tan((0.005555555555555556 * (angle * math.pi))))) / math.pi)
	return tmp
a_m = abs(a)
function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a_m <= 1.02e-100)
		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(-180.0 * Float64(y_45_scale / Float64(angle * Float64(x_45_scale * pi))))) / pi));
	else
		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan(Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(angle * pi))))) / pi));
	end
	return tmp
end
a_m = abs(a);
function tmp_2 = code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a_m <= 1.02e-100)
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * pi))))) / pi);
	else
		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * tan((0.005555555555555556 * (angle * pi))))) / pi);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := If[LessEqual[a$95$m, 1.02e-100], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(-180.0 * N[(y$45$scale / N[(angle * N[(x$45$scale * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[Tan[N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
a_m = \left|a\right|

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 1.02 \cdot 10^{-100}:\\
\;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < 1.02e-100

    1. Initial program 11.8%

      \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(90 \cdot \frac{x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} - 2 \cdot \frac{{b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right)\right)}{angle \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites10.7%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(90 \cdot \left(\frac{x-scale}{angle} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale \cdot y-scale} - 2 \cdot \frac{b \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
      2. Taylor expanded in a around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{\color{blue}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        3. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        4. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        5. lift-PI.f6441.6

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      4. Applied rewrites41.6%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]

      if 1.02e-100 < a

      1. Initial program 12.3%

        \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
      4. Applied rewrites35.5%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        3. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        4. lift-PI.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        5. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{angle} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        6. lift-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        7. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        8. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        9. lift-PI.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        10. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
      7. Applied rewrites56.8%

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      8. Applied rewrites60.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}} \]
    5. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    6. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 3: 53.1% accurate, 20.6× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 1.02 \cdot 10^{-100}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(-0.011111111111111112 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
    (FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
     :precision binary64
     (if (<= a_m 1.02e-100)
       (* 180.0 (/ (atan (* -180.0 (/ y-scale (* angle (* x-scale PI))))) PI))
       (*
        180.0
        (/
         (atan
          (* -0.5 (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (* -0.011111111111111112 (* angle PI)))))
         PI))))
    a_m = fabs(a);
    double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (a_m <= 1.02e-100) {
    		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * ((double) M_PI)))))) / ((double) M_PI));
    	} else {
    		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-0.5 * ((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (-0.011111111111111112 * (angle * ((double) M_PI)))))) / ((double) M_PI));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    a_m = Math.abs(a);
    public static double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (a_m <= 1.02e-100) {
    		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * Math.PI))))) / Math.PI);
    	} else {
    		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan((-0.5 * ((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (-0.011111111111111112 * (angle * Math.PI))))) / Math.PI);
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    a_m = math.fabs(a)
    def code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
    	tmp = 0
    	if a_m <= 1.02e-100:
    		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * math.pi))))) / math.pi)
    	else:
    		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan((-0.5 * ((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (-0.011111111111111112 * (angle * math.pi))))) / math.pi)
    	return tmp
    
    a_m = abs(a)
    function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (a_m <= 1.02e-100)
    		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(-180.0 * Float64(y_45_scale / Float64(angle * Float64(x_45_scale * pi))))) / pi));
    	else
    		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(-0.5 * Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * Float64(-0.011111111111111112 * Float64(angle * pi))))) / pi));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    a_m = abs(a);
    function tmp_2 = code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if (a_m <= 1.02e-100)
    		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * pi))))) / pi);
    	else
    		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-0.5 * ((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (-0.011111111111111112 * (angle * pi))))) / pi);
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
    code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := If[LessEqual[a$95$m, 1.02e-100], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(-180.0 * N[(y$45$scale / N[(angle * N[(x$45$scale * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(-0.5 * N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.011111111111111112 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    a_m = \left|a\right|
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 1.02 \cdot 10^{-100}:\\
    \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi}\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(-0.011111111111111112 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if a < 1.02e-100

      1. Initial program 11.8%

        \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(90 \cdot \frac{x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} - 2 \cdot \frac{{b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right)\right)}{angle \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites10.7%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(90 \cdot \left(\frac{x-scale}{angle} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale \cdot y-scale} - 2 \cdot \frac{b \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
        2. Taylor expanded in a around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{\color{blue}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          4. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          5. lift-PI.f6441.6

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        4. Applied rewrites41.6%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]

        if 1.02e-100 < a

        1. Initial program 12.3%

          \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
        4. Applied rewrites35.5%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. quot-tanN/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lower-tan.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          4. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          5. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \tan \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          6. lift-*.f6460.2

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        7. Applied rewrites60.2%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        8. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{90} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        9. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{90} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{90} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lift-PI.f6456.8

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(-0.011111111111111112 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        10. Applied rewrites56.8%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(-0.011111111111111112 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
      5. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      6. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 4: 53.1% accurate, 21.3× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 1.02 \cdot 10^{-100}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
      (FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
       :precision binary64
       (if (<= a_m 1.02e-100)
         (* 180.0 (/ (atan (* -180.0 (/ y-scale (* angle (* x-scale PI))))) PI))
         (*
          180.0
          (/
           (atan (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (* 0.005555555555555556 (* angle PI))))
           PI))))
      a_m = fabs(a);
      double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
      	double tmp;
      	if (a_m <= 1.02e-100) {
      		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * ((double) M_PI)))))) / ((double) M_PI));
      	} else {
      		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * ((double) M_PI))))) / ((double) M_PI));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      a_m = Math.abs(a);
      public static double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
      	double tmp;
      	if (a_m <= 1.02e-100) {
      		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * Math.PI))))) / Math.PI);
      	} else {
      		tmp = 180.0 * (Math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * Math.PI)))) / Math.PI);
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      a_m = math.fabs(a)
      def code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
      	tmp = 0
      	if a_m <= 1.02e-100:
      		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * math.pi))))) / math.pi)
      	else:
      		tmp = 180.0 * (math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * math.pi)))) / math.pi)
      	return tmp
      
      a_m = abs(a)
      function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (a_m <= 1.02e-100)
      		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(-180.0 * Float64(y_45_scale / Float64(angle * Float64(x_45_scale * pi))))) / pi));
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(angle * pi)))) / pi));
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      a_m = abs(a);
      function tmp_2 = code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
      	tmp = 0.0;
      	if (a_m <= 1.02e-100)
      		tmp = 180.0 * (atan((-180.0 * (y_45_scale / (angle * (x_45_scale * pi))))) / pi);
      	else
      		tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * pi)))) / pi);
      	end
      	tmp_2 = tmp;
      end
      
      a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
      code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := If[LessEqual[a$95$m, 1.02e-100], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(-180.0 * N[(y$45$scale / N[(angle * N[(x$45$scale * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      a_m = \left|a\right|
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      \mathbf{if}\;a\_m \leq 1.02 \cdot 10^{-100}:\\
      \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi}\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 2 regimes
      2. if a < 1.02e-100

        1. Initial program 11.8%

          \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(90 \cdot \frac{x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} - 2 \cdot \frac{{b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right)\right)}{angle \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites10.7%

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(90 \cdot \left(\frac{x-scale}{angle} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale \cdot y-scale} - 2 \cdot \frac{b \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}\right)}{\pi \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
          2. Taylor expanded in a around 0

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{\color{blue}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
            2. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
            3. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
            4. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
            5. lift-PI.f6441.6

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          4. Applied rewrites41.6%

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(-180 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y-scale}{angle \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]

          if 1.02e-100 < a

          1. Initial program 12.3%

            \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
          4. Applied rewrites35.5%

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
          5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
            3. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
            4. lift-PI.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
            5. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{angle} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
            6. lift-sin.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
            7. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
            8. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
            9. lift-PI.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
            10. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          7. Applied rewrites56.8%

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          8. Applied rewrites60.2%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}} \]
          9. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          10. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
            2. lift-PI.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
            3. lift-*.f6456.8

              \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          11. Applied rewrites56.8%

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        5. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        6. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 5: 45.3% accurate, 22.2× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \end{array} \]
        a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
        (FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
         :precision binary64
         (*
          180.0
          (/ (atan (* (/ y-scale x-scale) (* 0.005555555555555556 (* angle PI)))) PI)))
        a_m = fabs(a);
        double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
        	return 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * ((double) M_PI))))) / ((double) M_PI));
        }
        
        a_m = Math.abs(a);
        public static double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
        	return 180.0 * (Math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * Math.PI)))) / Math.PI);
        }
        
        a_m = math.fabs(a)
        def code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
        	return 180.0 * (math.atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * math.pi)))) / math.pi)
        
        a_m = abs(a)
        function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
        	return Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(angle * pi)))) / pi))
        end
        
        a_m = abs(a);
        function tmp = code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
        	tmp = 180.0 * (atan(((y_45_scale / x_45_scale) * (0.005555555555555556 * (angle * pi)))) / pi);
        end
        
        a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
        code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(y$45$scale / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        a_m = \left|a\right|
        
        \\
        180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 12.0%

          \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
        4. Applied rewrites29.4%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          4. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          5. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{angle} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          6. lift-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          7. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          8. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          9. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          10. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        7. Applied rewrites48.0%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        8. Applied rewrites49.2%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \tan \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi}} \]
        9. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        10. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lift-*.f6443.4

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        11. Applied rewrites43.4%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\pi}\right)\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
        12. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 6: 40.4% accurate, 22.2× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} a_m = \left|a\right| \\ 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \end{array} \]
        a_m = (fabs.f64 a)
        (FPCore (a_m b angle x-scale y-scale)
         :precision binary64
         (*
          180.0
          (/ (atan (* 0.005555555555555556 (/ (* angle (* y-scale PI)) x-scale))) PI)))
        a_m = fabs(a);
        double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
        	return 180.0 * (atan((0.005555555555555556 * ((angle * (y_45_scale * ((double) M_PI))) / x_45_scale))) / ((double) M_PI));
        }
        
        a_m = Math.abs(a);
        public static double code(double a_m, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
        	return 180.0 * (Math.atan((0.005555555555555556 * ((angle * (y_45_scale * Math.PI)) / x_45_scale))) / Math.PI);
        }
        
        a_m = math.fabs(a)
        def code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
        	return 180.0 * (math.atan((0.005555555555555556 * ((angle * (y_45_scale * math.pi)) / x_45_scale))) / math.pi)
        
        a_m = abs(a)
        function code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
        	return Float64(180.0 * Float64(atan(Float64(0.005555555555555556 * Float64(Float64(angle * Float64(y_45_scale * pi)) / x_45_scale))) / pi))
        end
        
        a_m = abs(a);
        function tmp = code(a_m, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
        	tmp = 180.0 * (atan((0.005555555555555556 * ((angle * (y_45_scale * pi)) / x_45_scale))) / pi);
        end
        
        a_m = N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]
        code[a$95$m_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(180.0 * N[(N[ArcTan[N[(0.005555555555555556 * N[(N[(angle * N[(y$45$scale * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        a_m = \left|a\right|
        
        \\
        180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 12.0%

          \[180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) - \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{y-scale \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \left(\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
        4. Applied rewrites29.4%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{y-scale}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2, {\left(a \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, 2 \cdot {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in a around inf

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          4. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          5. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{angle} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          6. lift-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          7. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          8. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          9. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
          10. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
        7. Applied rewrites48.0%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{y-scale \cdot \sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot \cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        8. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        9. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
          2. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
          3. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
          4. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
          5. lift-*.f6439.3

            \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}\right)}{\pi} \]
        10. Applied rewrites39.3%

          \[\leadsto 180 \cdot \frac{\tan^{-1} \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \frac{angle \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \pi\right)}{\color{blue}{x-scale}}\right)}{\pi} \]
        11. Add Preprocessing

        Reproduce

        ?
        herbie shell --seed 2025082 
        (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
          :name "raw-angle from scale-rotated-ellipse"
          :precision binary64
          (* 180.0 (/ (atan (/ (- (- (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale) (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale) (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)) 2.0) (pow (/ (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) x-scale) y-scale) 2.0)))) (/ (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) x-scale) y-scale))) PI)))