Falkner and Boettcher, Equation (20:1,3)

Percentage Accurate: 99.3% → 99.5%
Time: 3.4s
Alternatives: 9
Speedup: 1.1×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v t)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  (- 1.0 (* 5.0 (* v v)))
  (* (* (* (PI) t) (sqrt (* 2.0 (- 1.0 (* 3.0 (* v v)))))) (- 1.0 (* v v)))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 9 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v t)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  (- 1.0 (* 5.0 (* v v)))
  (* (* (* (PI) t) (sqrt (* 2.0 (- 1.0 (* 3.0 (* v v)))))) (- 1.0 (* v v)))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.5% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -5, 1\right)}{t}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -3, 1\right)\right)}^{-1}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v t)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (/ (/ (fma (* v v) -5.0 1.0) t) (* (* (sqrt 2.0) (PI)) (- 1.0 (* v v))))
  (sqrt (pow (fma (* v v) -3.0 1.0) -1.0))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -5, 1\right)}{t}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -3, 1\right)\right)}^{-1}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    3. lift-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    4. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    5. lift-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    6. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    7. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    8. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    9. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    10. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    11. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{v \cdot v}\right)} \]
    12. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    13. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    14. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right)} \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
    15. lift-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    3. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    4. lift-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2}} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
    5. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2}} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
    6. lift-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right) + 1\right)} \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
    7. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\left(-3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)} + 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
    8. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\left(-3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right) + 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}\right)} \]
    9. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\left(-3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right) + 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{v \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    10. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\left(-3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right) + 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    11. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\left(-3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right) + 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
  6. Applied rewrites99.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -3, 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in t around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 + -5 \cdot {v}^{2}}{t \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \left(1 - {v}^{2}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + -3 \cdot {v}^{2}}}} \]
  8. Applied rewrites99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -5, 1\right)}{t}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -3, 1\right)\right)}^{-1}}} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v t)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  (/ (fma -5.0 (* v v) 1.0) (* (PI) t))
  (* (sqrt (fma -6.0 (* v v) 2.0)) (- 1.0 (* v v)))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.4%

    \[\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    3. lift-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    4. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    5. lift-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    6. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    7. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    8. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    9. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    10. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    11. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{v \cdot v}\right)} \]
    12. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    13. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    14. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right)} \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
    15. lift-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    3. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    4. lift-sqrt.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2}} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
    5. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2}} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
    6. lift-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right) + 1\right)} \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
    7. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\left(-3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)} + 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
    8. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\left(-3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right) + 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}\right)} \]
    9. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\left(-3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right) + 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{v \cdot v}\right)\right)} \]
    10. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\left(-3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right) + 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    11. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\left(-3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right) + 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
  6. Applied rewrites99.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -3, 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in v around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{2}} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Applied rewrites98.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{2}} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in v around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{2 + -6 \cdot {v}^{2}}} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{-6 \cdot {v}^{2} + \color{blue}{2}} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      2. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, \color{blue}{{v}^{2}}, 2\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      3. pow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot \color{blue}{v}, 2\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      4. lift-*.f6499.4

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot \color{blue}{v}, 2\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 3: 99.3% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -6, 2\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (v t)
     :precision binary64
     (/
      (fma -5.0 (* v v) 1.0)
      (* (* (PI) t) (* (sqrt (fma (* v v) -6.0 2.0)) (- 1.0 (* v v))))))
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -6, 2\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 + -6 \cdot {v}^{2}}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{-6 \cdot {v}^{2} + \color{blue}{2}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      2. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, \color{blue}{{v}^{2}}, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      3. pow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot \color{blue}{v}, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      4. lift-*.f6499.4

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot \color{blue}{v}, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    5. Applied rewrites99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - \color{blue}{5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      3. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      4. pow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \color{blue}{{v}^{2}}}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      5. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-5\right)\right)} \cdot {v}^{2}}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      6. fp-cancel-sign-sub-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 + -5 \cdot {v}^{2}}}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-5 \cdot {v}^{2} + 1}}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      8. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, {v}^{2}, 1\right)}}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      9. pow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, \color{blue}{v \cdot v}, 1\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      10. lift-*.f6499.4

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, \color{blue}{v \cdot v}, 1\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      11. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
      12. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)}\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      13. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
      14. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
      15. lower-*.f6499.4

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-6, v \cdot v, 2\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    7. Applied rewrites99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-5, v \cdot v, 1\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -6, 2\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    8. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 4: 98.6% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -5, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{t}}{\sqrt{2}} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (v t)
     :precision binary64
     (/ (/ (/ (fma (* v v) -5.0 1.0) (PI)) t) (sqrt 2.0)))
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -5, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{t}}{\sqrt{2}}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      3. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      4. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      5. lift-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      6. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      7. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      8. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      9. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      10. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
      11. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{v \cdot v}\right)} \]
      12. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
      13. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
      14. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right)} \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
      15. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in v around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-sqrt.f6498.7

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
    7. Applied rewrites98.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}}} \]
      2. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
      3. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
      4. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - \color{blue}{5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
      5. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}}} \]
      6. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t}}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
    9. Applied rewrites98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -5, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{t}}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
    10. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 5: 98.6% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -5, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\sqrt{2} \cdot t} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (v t)
     :precision binary64
     (/ (/ (fma (* v v) -5.0 1.0) (PI)) (* (sqrt 2.0) t)))
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -5, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\sqrt{2} \cdot t}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      3. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      4. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      5. lift-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      6. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      7. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      8. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      9. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      10. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
      11. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{v \cdot v}\right)} \]
      12. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
      13. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
      14. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right)} \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
      15. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3, v \cdot v, 1\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in v around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-sqrt.f6498.7

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
    7. Applied rewrites98.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}}} \]
      2. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
      3. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
      4. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(t \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
      5. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(t \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
      6. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(t \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)} \]
      7. lower-*.f6498.7

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(t \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
    9. Applied rewrites98.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(t \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(t \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
      2. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(t \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)} \]
      3. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(t \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)} \]
      4. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - \color{blue}{5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(t \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)} \]
      5. lift-PI.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(t \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)} \]
      6. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(t \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
      7. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{t \cdot \sqrt{2}}} \]
      8. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{t \cdot \sqrt{2}}} \]
    11. Applied rewrites98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -5, 1\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\sqrt{2} \cdot t}} \]
    12. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 6: 98.5% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -5, 1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (v t)
     :precision binary64
     (/ (fma (* v v) -5.0 1.0) (* (* (sqrt 2.0) (PI)) t)))
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -5, 1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{t}} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{t}} \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      4. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      5. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      6. lift-PI.f6498.8

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
    5. Applied rewrites98.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - \color{blue}{5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      3. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      4. pow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \color{blue}{{v}^{2}}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      5. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-5\right)\right)} \cdot {v}^{2}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      6. fp-cancel-sign-sub-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 + -5 \cdot {v}^{2}}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-5 \cdot {v}^{2} + 1}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{v}^{2} \cdot -5} + 1}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      9. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({v}^{2}, -5, 1\right)}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      10. pow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{v \cdot v}, -5, 1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      11. lift-*.f6498.8

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{v \cdot v}, -5, 1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
    7. Applied rewrites98.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, -5, 1\right)}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
    8. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 7: 98.5% accurate, 2.4× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (v t) :precision binary64 (/ 1.0 (* (* (sqrt 2.0) (PI)) t)))
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{t}} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{t}} \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      4. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      5. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      6. lift-PI.f6498.8

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
    5. Applied rewrites98.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in v around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 8: 98.4% accurate, 2.4× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (v t) :precision binary64 (/ 1.0 (* (* (PI) t) (sqrt 2.0))))
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 99.4%

        \[\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{t}} \]
        2. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{t}} \]
        3. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
        4. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
        5. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
        6. lift-PI.f6498.8

          \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      5. Applied rewrites98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t}} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in v around 0

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites98.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{t}} \]
          2. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
          3. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
          4. lift-sqrt.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
          5. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot t} \]
          6. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
          7. associate-*r*N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(t \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
          8. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2}}} \]
          9. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2}}} \]
          10. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
          11. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
          12. lift-sqrt.f6498.6

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
        3. Applied rewrites98.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
        4. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 9: 98.4% accurate, 2.4× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot t\right)} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (v t) :precision binary64 (/ 1.0 (* (PI) (* (sqrt 2.0) t))))
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \frac{1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot t\right)}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 99.4%

          \[\frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(1 - 3 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

          \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{t}} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{t}} \]
          3. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
          4. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
          5. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
          6. lift-PI.f6498.8

            \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
        5. Applied rewrites98.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{1 - 5 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t}} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in v around 0

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites98.8%

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
          2. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{t}} \]
            2. lift-PI.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
            3. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
            4. lift-sqrt.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
            5. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot t} \]
            6. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
            7. associate-*r*N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(t \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
            8. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2}}} \]
            9. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2}}} \]
            10. lift-PI.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
            11. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
            12. lift-sqrt.f6498.6

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
          3. Applied rewrites98.6%

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
            2. lift-PI.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
            3. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2}}} \]
            4. lift-sqrt.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot t\right) \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
            5. associate-*l*N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(t \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
            6. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(t \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}} \]
            7. lift-PI.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{t} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)} \]
            8. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \color{blue}{t}\right)} \]
            9. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \color{blue}{t}\right)} \]
            10. lift-sqrt.f6498.6

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot t\right)} \]
          5. Applied rewrites98.6%

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{2} \cdot t\right)}} \]
          6. Add Preprocessing

          Reproduce

          ?
          herbie shell --seed 2025073 
          (FPCore (v t)
            :name "Falkner and Boettcher, Equation (20:1,3)"
            :precision binary64
            (/ (- 1.0 (* 5.0 (* v v))) (* (* (* (PI) t) (sqrt (* 2.0 (- 1.0 (* 3.0 (* v v)))))) (- 1.0 (* v v)))))