ab-angle->ABCF C

Percentage Accurate: 79.7% → 79.6%
Time: 4.8s
Alternatives: 9
Speedup: N/A×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\\ {\left(a \cdot \cos t\_0\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin t\_0\right)}^{2} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* PI (/ angle 180.0))))
   (+ (pow (* a (cos t_0)) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin t_0)) 2.0))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	double t_0 = ((double) M_PI) * (angle / 180.0);
	return pow((a * cos(t_0)), 2.0) + pow((b * sin(t_0)), 2.0);
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	double t_0 = Math.PI * (angle / 180.0);
	return Math.pow((a * Math.cos(t_0)), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * Math.sin(t_0)), 2.0);
}
def code(a, b, angle):
	t_0 = math.pi * (angle / 180.0)
	return math.pow((a * math.cos(t_0)), 2.0) + math.pow((b * math.sin(t_0)), 2.0)
function code(a, b, angle)
	t_0 = Float64(pi * Float64(angle / 180.0))
	return Float64((Float64(a * cos(t_0)) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * sin(t_0)) ^ 2.0))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle)
	t_0 = pi * (angle / 180.0);
	tmp = ((a * cos(t_0)) ^ 2.0) + ((b * sin(t_0)) ^ 2.0);
end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(Pi * N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[Power[N[(a * N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\\
{\left(a \cdot \cos t\_0\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin t\_0\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 9 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 79.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\\ {\left(a \cdot \cos t\_0\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin t\_0\right)}^{2} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* PI (/ angle 180.0))))
   (+ (pow (* a (cos t_0)) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin t_0)) 2.0))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	double t_0 = ((double) M_PI) * (angle / 180.0);
	return pow((a * cos(t_0)), 2.0) + pow((b * sin(t_0)), 2.0);
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	double t_0 = Math.PI * (angle / 180.0);
	return Math.pow((a * Math.cos(t_0)), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * Math.sin(t_0)), 2.0);
}
def code(a, b, angle):
	t_0 = math.pi * (angle / 180.0)
	return math.pow((a * math.cos(t_0)), 2.0) + math.pow((b * math.sin(t_0)), 2.0)
function code(a, b, angle)
	t_0 = Float64(pi * Float64(angle / 180.0))
	return Float64((Float64(a * cos(t_0)) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * sin(t_0)) ^ 2.0))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle)
	t_0 = pi * (angle / 180.0);
	tmp = ((a * cos(t_0)) ^ 2.0) + ((b * sin(t_0)) ^ 2.0);
end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(Pi * N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[Power[N[(a * N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\\
{\left(a \cdot \cos t\_0\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin t\_0\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 79.6% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \cdot a + {\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{-2} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (* a a)
  (pow (pow (* b (sin (* (* 0.005555555555555556 angle) PI))) -1.0) -2.0)))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	return (a * a) + pow(pow((b * sin(((0.005555555555555556 * angle) * ((double) M_PI)))), -1.0), -2.0);
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	return (a * a) + Math.pow(Math.pow((b * Math.sin(((0.005555555555555556 * angle) * Math.PI))), -1.0), -2.0);
}
def code(a, b, angle):
	return (a * a) + math.pow(math.pow((b * math.sin(((0.005555555555555556 * angle) * math.pi))), -1.0), -2.0)
function code(a, b, angle)
	return Float64(Float64(a * a) + ((Float64(b * sin(Float64(Float64(0.005555555555555556 * angle) * pi))) ^ -1.0) ^ -2.0))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle)
	tmp = (a * a) + (((b * sin(((0.005555555555555556 * angle) * pi))) ^ -1.0) ^ -2.0);
end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := N[(N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[Power[N[(b * N[Sin[N[(N[(0.005555555555555556 * angle), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0], $MachinePrecision], -2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
a \cdot a + {\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{-2}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 80.4%

    \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. lower-*.f6480.7

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  5. Applied rewrites80.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}}^{2} \]
    2. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]
    3. lift-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    4. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]
    5. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{angle}{180}}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    6. unpow1N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{1}\right)}}^{2} \]
    7. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right)}}\right)}^{2} \]
    8. pow-negN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
    9. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
    10. lower-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}}\right)}^{2} \]
  7. Applied rewrites80.7%

    \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

    \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right)} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f6480.7

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \color{blue}{angle}\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
  10. Applied rewrites80.7%

    \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right)} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2}} \]
    2. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
    3. inv-powN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left({\left({\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{-1}\right)}}^{2} \]
    4. pow-powN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{{\left({\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{\left(-1 \cdot 2\right)}} \]
    5. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left({\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{\color{blue}{-2}} \]
    6. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left({\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(-1 + -1\right)}} \]
    7. lower-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{{\left({\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{\left(-1 + -1\right)}} \]
    8. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left({\color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}}^{-1}\right)}^{\left(-1 + -1\right)} \]
    9. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left({\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}^{-1}\right)}^{\left(-1 + -1\right)} \]
    10. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left({\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}^{-1}\right)}^{\left(-1 + -1\right)} \]
    11. metadata-eval80.8

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{\color{blue}{-2}} \]
  12. Applied rewrites80.8%

    \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{{\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{-2}} \]
  13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 79.6% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{b \cdot \sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}^{2} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (* a a)
  (pow (/ 1.0 (/ 1.0 (* b (sin (* (* 0.005555555555555556 angle) PI))))) 2.0)))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	return (a * a) + pow((1.0 / (1.0 / (b * sin(((0.005555555555555556 * angle) * ((double) M_PI)))))), 2.0);
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	return (a * a) + Math.pow((1.0 / (1.0 / (b * Math.sin(((0.005555555555555556 * angle) * Math.PI))))), 2.0);
}
def code(a, b, angle):
	return (a * a) + math.pow((1.0 / (1.0 / (b * math.sin(((0.005555555555555556 * angle) * math.pi))))), 2.0)
function code(a, b, angle)
	return Float64(Float64(a * a) + (Float64(1.0 / Float64(1.0 / Float64(b * sin(Float64(Float64(0.005555555555555556 * angle) * pi))))) ^ 2.0))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle)
	tmp = (a * a) + ((1.0 / (1.0 / (b * sin(((0.005555555555555556 * angle) * pi))))) ^ 2.0);
end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := N[(N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(1.0 / N[(1.0 / N[(b * N[Sin[N[(N[(0.005555555555555556 * angle), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{b \cdot \sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 80.4%

    \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. lower-*.f6480.7

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  5. Applied rewrites80.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}}^{2} \]
    2. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]
    3. lift-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    4. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]
    5. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{angle}{180}}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    6. unpow1N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{1}\right)}}^{2} \]
    7. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right)}}\right)}^{2} \]
    8. pow-negN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
    9. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
    10. lower-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}}\right)}^{2} \]
  7. Applied rewrites80.7%

    \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

    \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right)} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f6480.7

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \color{blue}{angle}\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
  10. Applied rewrites80.7%

    \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right)} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    2. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    3. pow-negN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{1}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    4. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right)}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    5. pow-flipN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    6. lift-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    7. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    8. lower-/.f6480.7

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    9. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    10. lift-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    11. pow-flipN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right)}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    12. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{\color{blue}{1}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    13. unpow180.7

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b}}}\right)}^{2} \]
  12. Applied rewrites80.7%

    \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b \cdot \sin \left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \pi\right)}}}\right)}^{2} \]
  13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 79.5% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \cdot a + \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-2}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (* a a)
  (/ 1.0 (pow (* (sin (* (* angle PI) 0.005555555555555556)) b) -2.0))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	return (a * a) + (1.0 / pow((sin(((angle * ((double) M_PI)) * 0.005555555555555556)) * b), -2.0));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	return (a * a) + (1.0 / Math.pow((Math.sin(((angle * Math.PI) * 0.005555555555555556)) * b), -2.0));
}
def code(a, b, angle):
	return (a * a) + (1.0 / math.pow((math.sin(((angle * math.pi) * 0.005555555555555556)) * b), -2.0))
function code(a, b, angle)
	return Float64(Float64(a * a) + Float64(1.0 / (Float64(sin(Float64(Float64(angle * pi) * 0.005555555555555556)) * b) ^ -2.0)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle)
	tmp = (a * a) + (1.0 / ((sin(((angle * pi) * 0.005555555555555556)) * b) ^ -2.0));
end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := N[(N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / N[Power[N[(N[Sin[N[(N[(angle * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * 0.005555555555555556), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * b), $MachinePrecision], -2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
a \cdot a + \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-2}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 80.4%

    \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. lower-*.f6480.7

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  5. Applied rewrites80.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}}^{2} \]
    2. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]
    3. lift-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    4. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]
    5. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{angle}{180}}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    6. unpow1N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{1}\right)}}^{2} \]
    7. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right)}}\right)}^{2} \]
    8. pow-negN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
    9. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
    10. lower-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}}\right)}^{2} \]
  7. Applied rewrites80.7%

    \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2}} \]
    2. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
    3. lift-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    4. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
    5. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
    6. lift-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
    7. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
    8. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\color{blue}{\frac{angle}{180}} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
    9. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}} \cdot \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}} \]
    10. frac-timesN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1} \cdot {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}} \]
    11. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1} \cdot {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}} \]
    12. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1} \cdot {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}} \]
  9. Applied rewrites80.7%

    \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1} \cdot {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in b around 0

    \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{{b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}}} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. pow-prod-downN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{1}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{2}}}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{1}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}}} \]
    4. pow-flipN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right) \cdot b\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right)}}} \]
    5. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-2}} \]
    6. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right) \cdot b\right)}^{\left(-1 + \color{blue}{-1}\right)}} \]
    7. lower-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right) \cdot b\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(-1 + -1\right)}}} \]
    8. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right) \cdot b\right)}^{\left(-1 + -1\right)}} \]
    9. lift-PI.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right) \cdot b\right)}^{\left(-1 + -1\right)}} \]
    10. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right) \cdot b\right)}^{\left(-1 + -1\right)}} \]
    11. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right) \cdot b\right)}^{\left(-1 + -1\right)}} \]
    12. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right) \cdot b\right)}^{\left(\color{blue}{-1} + -1\right)}} \]
    13. metadata-eval80.7

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-2}} \]
  12. Applied rewrites80.7%

    \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-2}}} \]
  13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 79.6% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (* a a) (pow (* b (sin (* PI (/ angle 180.0)))) 2.0)))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	return (a * a) + pow((b * sin((((double) M_PI) * (angle / 180.0)))), 2.0);
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	return (a * a) + Math.pow((b * Math.sin((Math.PI * (angle / 180.0)))), 2.0);
}
def code(a, b, angle):
	return (a * a) + math.pow((b * math.sin((math.pi * (angle / 180.0)))), 2.0)
function code(a, b, angle)
	return Float64(Float64(a * a) + (Float64(b * sin(Float64(pi * Float64(angle / 180.0)))) ^ 2.0))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle)
	tmp = (a * a) + ((b * sin((pi * (angle / 180.0)))) ^ 2.0);
end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := N[(N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * N[Sin[N[(Pi * N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 80.4%

    \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. lower-*.f6480.7

      \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  5. Applied rewrites80.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 67.0% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{-44}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;{a}^{2} + {\left(\left(\pi \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 2.7e-44)
   (* a a)
   (+ (pow a 2.0) (* (pow (* (* PI b) angle) 2.0) 3.08641975308642e-5))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 2.7e-44) {
		tmp = a * a;
	} else {
		tmp = pow(a, 2.0) + (pow(((((double) M_PI) * b) * angle), 2.0) * 3.08641975308642e-5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 2.7e-44) {
		tmp = a * a;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.pow(a, 2.0) + (Math.pow(((Math.PI * b) * angle), 2.0) * 3.08641975308642e-5);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b, angle):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= 2.7e-44:
		tmp = a * a
	else:
		tmp = math.pow(a, 2.0) + (math.pow(((math.pi * b) * angle), 2.0) * 3.08641975308642e-5)
	return tmp
function code(a, b, angle)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= 2.7e-44)
		tmp = Float64(a * a);
	else
		tmp = Float64((a ^ 2.0) + Float64((Float64(Float64(pi * b) * angle) ^ 2.0) * 3.08641975308642e-5));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b, angle)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= 2.7e-44)
		tmp = a * a;
	else
		tmp = (a ^ 2.0) + ((((pi * b) * angle) ^ 2.0) * 3.08641975308642e-5);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_, angle_] := If[LessEqual[b, 2.7e-44], N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[N[(N[(Pi * b), $MachinePrecision] * angle), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * 3.08641975308642e-5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{-44}:\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;{a}^{2} + {\left(\left(\pi \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < 2.6999999999999999e-44

    1. Initial program 78.8%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} \]
      2. lower-*.f6461.1

        \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} \]
    5. Applied rewrites61.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

    if 2.6999999999999999e-44 < b

    1. Initial program 85.0%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + \left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{32400}} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + \left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{32400}} \]
      3. pow-prod-downN/A

        \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + \left({angle}^{2} \cdot {\left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{32400} \]
      4. pow-prod-downN/A

        \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(angle \cdot \left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{32400} \]
      5. lower-pow.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(angle \cdot \left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{32400} \]
      6. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(\left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{32400} \]
      7. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(\left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{32400} \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{32400} \]
      9. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{32400} \]
      10. lift-PI.f6482.7

        \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(\left(\pi \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \]
    5. Applied rewrites82.7%

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + \color{blue}{{\left(\left(\pi \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{a}}^{2} + {\left(\left(\pi \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{32400} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites82.7%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{a}}^{2} + {\left(\left(\pi \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \]
    8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    9. Final simplification66.7%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{-44}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;{a}^{2} + {\left(\left(\pi \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\\ \end{array} \]
    10. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 6: 67.0% accurate, 3.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{-44}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{{\left(\left(angle \cdot b\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (a b angle)
     :precision binary64
     (if (<= b 2.7e-44)
       (* a a)
       (+ (* a a) (/ 1.0 (/ 32400.0 (pow (* (* angle b) PI) 2.0))))))
    double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (b <= 2.7e-44) {
    		tmp = a * a;
    	} else {
    		tmp = (a * a) + (1.0 / (32400.0 / pow(((angle * b) * ((double) M_PI)), 2.0)));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (b <= 2.7e-44) {
    		tmp = a * a;
    	} else {
    		tmp = (a * a) + (1.0 / (32400.0 / Math.pow(((angle * b) * Math.PI), 2.0)));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    def code(a, b, angle):
    	tmp = 0
    	if b <= 2.7e-44:
    		tmp = a * a
    	else:
    		tmp = (a * a) + (1.0 / (32400.0 / math.pow(((angle * b) * math.pi), 2.0)))
    	return tmp
    
    function code(a, b, angle)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (b <= 2.7e-44)
    		tmp = Float64(a * a);
    	else
    		tmp = Float64(Float64(a * a) + Float64(1.0 / Float64(32400.0 / (Float64(Float64(angle * b) * pi) ^ 2.0))));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(a, b, angle)
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if (b <= 2.7e-44)
    		tmp = a * a;
    	else
    		tmp = (a * a) + (1.0 / (32400.0 / (((angle * b) * pi) ^ 2.0)));
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    code[a_, b_, angle_] := If[LessEqual[b, 2.7e-44], N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 / N[(32400.0 / N[Power[N[(N[(angle * b), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{-44}:\\
    \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{{\left(\left(angle \cdot b\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}}\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if b < 2.6999999999999999e-44

      1. Initial program 78.8%

        \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} \]
        2. lower-*.f6461.1

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} \]
      5. Applied rewrites61.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

      if 2.6999999999999999e-44 < b

      1. Initial program 85.0%

        \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
        2. lower-*.f6485.1

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      5. Applied rewrites85.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}}^{2} \]
        2. lift-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]
        3. lift-PI.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
        4. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]
        5. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{angle}{180}}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
        6. unpow1N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{1}\right)}}^{2} \]
        7. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right)}}\right)}^{2} \]
        8. pow-negN/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
        9. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
        10. lower-pow.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}}\right)}^{2} \]
      7. Applied rewrites85.0%

        \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
      8. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-pow.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2}} \]
        2. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
        3. lift-pow.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}}\right)}^{2} \]
        4. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
        5. lift-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\color{blue}{\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
        6. lift-PI.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
        7. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
        8. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\color{blue}{\frac{angle}{180}} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}^{2} \]
        9. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}} \cdot \frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}} \]
        10. frac-timesN/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1} \cdot {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}} \]
        11. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1} \cdot {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}} \]
        12. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1} \cdot {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}} \]
      9. Applied rewrites85.0%

        \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1} \cdot {\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}} \]
      10. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{32400}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)}}} \]
      11. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{\color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)}}} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{\left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{angle}^{2}}}} \]
        3. pow-prod-downN/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{{\left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\color{blue}{angle}}^{2}}} \]
        4. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot {angle}^{2}}} \]
        5. unpow-prod-downN/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{\color{blue}{2}}}} \]
        6. lower-pow.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{\color{blue}{2}}}} \]
        7. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{{\left(angle \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot b\right)\right)}^{2}}} \]
        8. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{{\left(angle \cdot \left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}} \]
        9. associate-*r*N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{{\left(\left(angle \cdot b\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2}}} \]
        10. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{{\left(\left(angle \cdot b\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2}}} \]
        11. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{{\left(\left(angle \cdot b\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2}}} \]
        12. lift-PI.f6482.6

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{{\left(\left(angle \cdot b\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}} \]
      12. Applied rewrites82.6%

        \[\leadsto a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{32400}{{\left(\left(angle \cdot b\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}}} \]
    3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    4. Final simplification66.7%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{-44}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a + \frac{1}{\frac{32400}{{\left(\left(angle \cdot b\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}}\\ \end{array} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 7: 67.0% accurate, 3.4× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{-44}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a + {\left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (a b angle)
     :precision binary64
     (if (<= b 2.7e-44)
       (* a a)
       (+ (* a a) (pow (* (* 0.005555555555555556 angle) (* b PI)) 2.0))))
    double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (b <= 2.7e-44) {
    		tmp = a * a;
    	} else {
    		tmp = (a * a) + pow(((0.005555555555555556 * angle) * (b * ((double) M_PI))), 2.0);
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (b <= 2.7e-44) {
    		tmp = a * a;
    	} else {
    		tmp = (a * a) + Math.pow(((0.005555555555555556 * angle) * (b * Math.PI)), 2.0);
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    def code(a, b, angle):
    	tmp = 0
    	if b <= 2.7e-44:
    		tmp = a * a
    	else:
    		tmp = (a * a) + math.pow(((0.005555555555555556 * angle) * (b * math.pi)), 2.0)
    	return tmp
    
    function code(a, b, angle)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (b <= 2.7e-44)
    		tmp = Float64(a * a);
    	else
    		tmp = Float64(Float64(a * a) + (Float64(Float64(0.005555555555555556 * angle) * Float64(b * pi)) ^ 2.0));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(a, b, angle)
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if (b <= 2.7e-44)
    		tmp = a * a;
    	else
    		tmp = (a * a) + (((0.005555555555555556 * angle) * (b * pi)) ^ 2.0);
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    code[a_, b_, angle_] := If[LessEqual[b, 2.7e-44], N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(N[(0.005555555555555556 * angle), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{-44}:\\
    \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;a \cdot a + {\left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if b < 2.6999999999999999e-44

      1. Initial program 78.8%

        \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} \]
        2. lower-*.f6461.1

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} \]
      5. Applied rewrites61.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

      if 2.6999999999999999e-44 < b

      1. Initial program 85.0%

        \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
        2. lower-*.f6485.1

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      5. Applied rewrites85.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}}^{2} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{180}} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \]
        2. associate-*r*N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}^{2} \]
        3. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}^{2} \]
        4. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{b} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \]
        5. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
        6. lift-PI.f6482.6

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      8. Applied rewrites82.6%

        \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}^{2} \]
    3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    4. Final simplification66.7%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{-44}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a + {\left(\left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot angle\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\\ \end{array} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 8: 63.1% accurate, 3.6× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.46 \cdot 10^{+119}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;{\left(\left(angle \cdot b\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (a b angle)
     :precision binary64
     (if (<= b 1.46e+119)
       (* a a)
       (* (pow (* (* angle b) PI) 2.0) 3.08641975308642e-5)))
    double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (b <= 1.46e+119) {
    		tmp = a * a;
    	} else {
    		tmp = pow(((angle * b) * ((double) M_PI)), 2.0) * 3.08641975308642e-5;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (b <= 1.46e+119) {
    		tmp = a * a;
    	} else {
    		tmp = Math.pow(((angle * b) * Math.PI), 2.0) * 3.08641975308642e-5;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    def code(a, b, angle):
    	tmp = 0
    	if b <= 1.46e+119:
    		tmp = a * a
    	else:
    		tmp = math.pow(((angle * b) * math.pi), 2.0) * 3.08641975308642e-5
    	return tmp
    
    function code(a, b, angle)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (b <= 1.46e+119)
    		tmp = Float64(a * a);
    	else
    		tmp = Float64((Float64(Float64(angle * b) * pi) ^ 2.0) * 3.08641975308642e-5);
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(a, b, angle)
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if (b <= 1.46e+119)
    		tmp = a * a;
    	else
    		tmp = (((angle * b) * pi) ^ 2.0) * 3.08641975308642e-5;
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    code[a_, b_, angle_] := If[LessEqual[b, 1.46e+119], N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Power[N[(N[(angle * b), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * 3.08641975308642e-5), $MachinePrecision]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.46 \cdot 10^{+119}:\\
    \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;{\left(\left(angle \cdot b\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if b < 1.4600000000000001e119

      1. Initial program 78.3%

        \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} \]
        2. lower-*.f6461.3

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} \]
      5. Applied rewrites61.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

      if 1.4600000000000001e119 < b

      1. Initial program 94.5%

        \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
        2. lower-*.f6494.5

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      5. Applied rewrites94.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}}^{2} \]
        2. lift-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]
        3. lift-PI.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
        4. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]
        5. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{angle}{180}}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
        6. unpow1N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{1}\right)}}^{2} \]
        7. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left({\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right)}}\right)}^{2} \]
        8. pow-negN/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
        9. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
        10. lower-pow.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{-1}}}\right)}^{2} \]
      7. Applied rewrites94.5%

        \[\leadsto a \cdot a + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{\left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot b\right)}^{-1}}\right)}}^{2} \]
      8. Taylor expanded in a around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}} \]
      9. Applied rewrites83.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\sin \left(\left(angle \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}} \]
      10. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
      11. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left(\left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot {angle}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \]
        2. pow-prod-downN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({\left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {angle}^{2}\right) \]
        3. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot {angle}^{2}\right) \]
        4. unpow-prod-downN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot {\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \]
        5. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{32400} \]
        6. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{32400} \]
        7. lift-PI.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\left(\pi \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{32400} \]
        8. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\left(\pi \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{32400} \]
        9. lift-pow.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto {\left(\left(\pi \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{32400} \]
        10. lift-*.f6485.6

          \[\leadsto {\left(\left(\pi \cdot b\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \]
      12. Applied rewrites85.6%

        \[\leadsto {\left(\left(angle \cdot b\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}} \]
    3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    4. Final simplification64.4%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.46 \cdot 10^{+119}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;{\left(\left(angle \cdot b\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\\ \end{array} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 9: 57.5% accurate, 74.7× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \cdot a \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (a b angle) :precision binary64 (* a a))
    double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
    	return a * a;
    }
    
    module fmin_fmax_functions
        implicit none
        private
        public fmax
        public fmin
    
        interface fmax
            module procedure fmax88
            module procedure fmax44
            module procedure fmax84
            module procedure fmax48
        end interface
        interface fmin
            module procedure fmin88
            module procedure fmin44
            module procedure fmin84
            module procedure fmin48
        end interface
    contains
        real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
            real(4), intent (in) :: x
            real(4), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(4), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
            real(4), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
            real(4), intent (in) :: x
            real(4), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(4), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
            real(4), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
    end module
    
    real(8) function code(a, b, angle)
    use fmin_fmax_functions
        real(8), intent (in) :: a
        real(8), intent (in) :: b
        real(8), intent (in) :: angle
        code = a * a
    end function
    
    public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
    	return a * a;
    }
    
    def code(a, b, angle):
    	return a * a
    
    function code(a, b, angle)
    	return Float64(a * a)
    end
    
    function tmp = code(a, b, angle)
    	tmp = a * a;
    end
    
    code[a_, b_, angle_] := N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    a \cdot a
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 80.4%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} \]
      2. lower-*.f6457.9

        \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{a} \]
    5. Applied rewrites57.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
    6. Final simplification57.9%

      \[\leadsto a \cdot a \]
    7. Add Preprocessing

    Reproduce

    ?
    herbie shell --seed 2025064 
    (FPCore (a b angle)
      :name "ab-angle->ABCF C"
      :precision binary64
      (+ (pow (* a (cos (* PI (/ angle 180.0)))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* PI (/ angle 180.0)))) 2.0)))