Optimisation.CirclePacking:place from circle-packing-0.1.0.4, F

Percentage Accurate: 92.7% → 97.2%
Time: 5.7s
Alternatives: 6
Speedup: 1.1×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- x (/ (* y (- z t)) a)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return x - ((y * (z - t)) / a);
}
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = x - ((y * (z - t)) / a)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return x - ((y * (z - t)) / a);
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return x - ((y * (z - t)) / a)
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(x - Float64(Float64(y * Float64(z - t)) / a))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = x - ((y * (z - t)) / a);
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(x - N[(N[(y * N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 6 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 92.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- x (/ (* y (- z t)) a)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return x - ((y * (z - t)) / a);
}
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = x - ((y * (z - t)) / a)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return x - ((y * (z - t)) / a);
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return x - ((y * (z - t)) / a)
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(x - Float64(Float64(y * Float64(z - t)) / a))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = x - ((y * (z - t)) / a);
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(x - N[(N[(y * N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 97.2% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(t - z, \frac{y}{a}, x\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (fma (- t z) (/ y a) x))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return fma((t - z), (y / a), x);
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return fma(Float64(t - z), Float64(y / a), x)
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(t - z), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y / a), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(t - z, \frac{y}{a}, x\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 94.2%

    \[x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t - z, \frac{y}{a}, x\right)} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 84.8% accurate, 0.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -1 \cdot 10^{+131} \lor \neg \left(t\_1 \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+43}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(t - z\right) \cdot \frac{y}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{y}{a}, x\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (/ (* y (- z t)) a)))
   (if (or (<= t_1 -1e+131) (not (<= t_1 2e+43)))
     (* (- t z) (/ y a))
     (fma t (/ y a) x))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = (y * (z - t)) / a;
	double tmp;
	if ((t_1 <= -1e+131) || !(t_1 <= 2e+43)) {
		tmp = (t - z) * (y / a);
	} else {
		tmp = fma(t, (y / a), x);
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(Float64(y * Float64(z - t)) / a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((t_1 <= -1e+131) || !(t_1 <= 2e+43))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(t - z) * Float64(y / a));
	else
		tmp = fma(t, Float64(y / a), x);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(y * N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Or[LessEqual[t$95$1, -1e+131], N[Not[LessEqual[t$95$1, 2e+43]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(t - z), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(t * N[(y / a), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -1 \cdot 10^{+131} \lor \neg \left(t\_1 \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+43}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\left(t - z\right) \cdot \frac{y}{a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{y}{a}, x\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (*.f64 y (-.f64 z t)) a) < -9.9999999999999991e130 or 2.00000000000000003e43 < (/.f64 (*.f64 y (-.f64 z t)) a)

    1. Initial program 90.6%

      \[x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites93.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(t - z\right) \cdot \frac{y}{a}} \]

    if -9.9999999999999991e130 < (/.f64 (*.f64 y (-.f64 z t)) a) < 2.00000000000000003e43

    1. Initial program 98.0%

      \[x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t - z, \frac{y}{a}, x\right)} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in z around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{\color{blue}{y}}{a}, x\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites88.2%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{\color{blue}{y}}{a}, x\right) \]
    7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    8. Final simplification90.7%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \leq -1 \cdot 10^{+131} \lor \neg \left(\frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+43}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(t - z\right) \cdot \frac{y}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{y}{a}, x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
    9. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 3: 59.3% accurate, 0.3× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+88} \lor \neg \left(t\_1 \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+62}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;t \cdot \frac{y}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (x y z t a)
     :precision binary64
     (let* ((t_1 (/ (* y (- z t)) a)))
       (if (or (<= t_1 -5e+88) (not (<= t_1 2e+62))) (* t (/ y a)) x)))
    double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
    	double t_1 = (y * (z - t)) / a;
    	double tmp;
    	if ((t_1 <= -5e+88) || !(t_1 <= 2e+62)) {
    		tmp = t * (y / a);
    	} else {
    		tmp = x;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    module fmin_fmax_functions
        implicit none
        private
        public fmax
        public fmin
    
        interface fmax
            module procedure fmax88
            module procedure fmax44
            module procedure fmax84
            module procedure fmax48
        end interface
        interface fmin
            module procedure fmin88
            module procedure fmin44
            module procedure fmin84
            module procedure fmin48
        end interface
    contains
        real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
            real(4), intent (in) :: x
            real(4), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(4), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
            real(4), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
            real(4), intent (in) :: x
            real(4), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(4), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
            real(4), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
    end module
    
    real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    use fmin_fmax_functions
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        real(8), intent (in) :: z
        real(8), intent (in) :: t
        real(8), intent (in) :: a
        real(8) :: t_1
        real(8) :: tmp
        t_1 = (y * (z - t)) / a
        if ((t_1 <= (-5d+88)) .or. (.not. (t_1 <= 2d+62))) then
            tmp = t * (y / a)
        else
            tmp = x
        end if
        code = tmp
    end function
    
    public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
    	double t_1 = (y * (z - t)) / a;
    	double tmp;
    	if ((t_1 <= -5e+88) || !(t_1 <= 2e+62)) {
    		tmp = t * (y / a);
    	} else {
    		tmp = x;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    def code(x, y, z, t, a):
    	t_1 = (y * (z - t)) / a
    	tmp = 0
    	if (t_1 <= -5e+88) or not (t_1 <= 2e+62):
    		tmp = t * (y / a)
    	else:
    		tmp = x
    	return tmp
    
    function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    	t_1 = Float64(Float64(y * Float64(z - t)) / a)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if ((t_1 <= -5e+88) || !(t_1 <= 2e+62))
    		tmp = Float64(t * Float64(y / a));
    	else
    		tmp = x;
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
    	t_1 = (y * (z - t)) / a;
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if ((t_1 <= -5e+88) || ~((t_1 <= 2e+62)))
    		tmp = t * (y / a);
    	else
    		tmp = x;
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(y * N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Or[LessEqual[t$95$1, -5e+88], N[Not[LessEqual[t$95$1, 2e+62]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(t * N[(y / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], x]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_1 := \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}\\
    \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+88} \lor \neg \left(t\_1 \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+62}\right):\\
    \;\;\;\;t \cdot \frac{y}{a}\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;x\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if (/.f64 (*.f64 y (-.f64 z t)) a) < -4.99999999999999997e88 or 2.00000000000000007e62 < (/.f64 (*.f64 y (-.f64 z t)) a)

      1. Initial program 90.8%

        \[x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}} \]
      4. Applied rewrites92.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(t - z\right) \cdot \frac{y}{a}} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in z around 0

        \[\leadsto t \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{y}}{a} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites55.9%

          \[\leadsto t \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{y}}{a} \]

        if -4.99999999999999997e88 < (/.f64 (*.f64 y (-.f64 z t)) a) < 2.00000000000000007e62

        1. Initial program 97.9%

          \[x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in x around inf

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites75.1%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]
        5. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        6. Final simplification65.0%

          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+88} \lor \neg \left(\frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+62}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;t \cdot \frac{y}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \end{array} \]
        7. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 4: 77.8% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -1.2 \cdot 10^{+164} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 6.4 \cdot 10^{+156}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-z\right) \cdot \frac{y}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{y}{a}, x\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (x y z t a)
         :precision binary64
         (if (or (<= z -1.2e+164) (not (<= z 6.4e+156)))
           (* (- z) (/ y a))
           (fma t (/ y a) x)))
        double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
        	double tmp;
        	if ((z <= -1.2e+164) || !(z <= 6.4e+156)) {
        		tmp = -z * (y / a);
        	} else {
        		tmp = fma(t, (y / a), x);
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        function code(x, y, z, t, a)
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if ((z <= -1.2e+164) || !(z <= 6.4e+156))
        		tmp = Float64(Float64(-z) * Float64(y / a));
        	else
        		tmp = fma(t, Float64(y / a), x);
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[z, -1.2e+164], N[Not[LessEqual[z, 6.4e+156]], $MachinePrecision]], N[((-z) * N[(y / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(t * N[(y / a), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -1.2 \cdot 10^{+164} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 6.4 \cdot 10^{+156}\right):\\
        \;\;\;\;\left(-z\right) \cdot \frac{y}{a}\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{y}{a}, x\right)\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 2 regimes
        2. if z < -1.20000000000000005e164 or 6.40000000000000005e156 < z

          1. Initial program 93.1%

            \[x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}} \]
          4. Applied rewrites81.2%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(t - z\right) \cdot \frac{y}{a}} \]
          5. Taylor expanded in z around inf

            \[\leadsto \left(-1 \cdot z\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{y}}{a} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites76.5%

              \[\leadsto \left(-z\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{y}}{a} \]

            if -1.20000000000000005e164 < z < 6.40000000000000005e156

            1. Initial program 94.6%

              \[x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}} \]
            4. Applied rewrites98.7%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t - z, \frac{y}{a}, x\right)} \]
            5. Taylor expanded in z around 0

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{\color{blue}{y}}{a}, x\right) \]
            6. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites88.4%

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{\color{blue}{y}}{a}, x\right) \]
            7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
            8. Final simplification85.2%

              \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -1.2 \cdot 10^{+164} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 6.4 \cdot 10^{+156}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-z\right) \cdot \frac{y}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{y}{a}, x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
            9. Add Preprocessing

            Alternative 5: 70.3% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{y}{a}, x\right) \end{array} \]
            (FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (fma t (/ y a) x))
            double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
            	return fma(t, (y / a), x);
            }
            
            function code(x, y, z, t, a)
            	return fma(t, Float64(y / a), x)
            end
            
            code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(t * N[(y / a), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision]
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            
            \\
            \mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{y}{a}, x\right)
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Initial program 94.2%

              \[x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}} \]
            4. Applied rewrites98.7%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t - z, \frac{y}{a}, x\right)} \]
            5. Taylor expanded in z around 0

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{\color{blue}{y}}{a}, x\right) \]
            6. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites74.3%

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(t, \frac{\color{blue}{y}}{a}, x\right) \]
              2. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 6: 39.1% accurate, 23.0× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ x \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 x)
              double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
              	return x;
              }
              
              module fmin_fmax_functions
                  implicit none
                  private
                  public fmax
                  public fmin
              
                  interface fmax
                      module procedure fmax88
                      module procedure fmax44
                      module procedure fmax84
                      module procedure fmax48
                  end interface
                  interface fmin
                      module procedure fmin88
                      module procedure fmin44
                      module procedure fmin84
                      module procedure fmin48
                  end interface
              contains
                  real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
              end module
              
              real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
              use fmin_fmax_functions
                  real(8), intent (in) :: x
                  real(8), intent (in) :: y
                  real(8), intent (in) :: z
                  real(8), intent (in) :: t
                  real(8), intent (in) :: a
                  code = x
              end function
              
              public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
              	return x;
              }
              
              def code(x, y, z, t, a):
              	return x
              
              function code(x, y, z, t, a)
              	return x
              end
              
              function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
              	tmp = x;
              end
              
              code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := x
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              x
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Initial program 94.2%

                \[x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in x around inf

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites40.4%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing

                Developer Target 1: 99.0% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

                \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \frac{a}{z - t}\\ \mathbf{if}\;y < -1.0761266216389975 \cdot 10^{-10}:\\ \;\;\;\;x - \frac{1}{\frac{t\_1}{y}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y < 2.894426862792089 \cdot 10^{-49}:\\ \;\;\;\;x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x - \frac{y}{t\_1}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                (FPCore (x y z t a)
                 :precision binary64
                 (let* ((t_1 (/ a (- z t))))
                   (if (< y -1.0761266216389975e-10)
                     (- x (/ 1.0 (/ t_1 y)))
                     (if (< y 2.894426862792089e-49)
                       (- x (/ (* y (- z t)) a))
                       (- x (/ y t_1))))))
                double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                	double t_1 = a / (z - t);
                	double tmp;
                	if (y < -1.0761266216389975e-10) {
                		tmp = x - (1.0 / (t_1 / y));
                	} else if (y < 2.894426862792089e-49) {
                		tmp = x - ((y * (z - t)) / a);
                	} else {
                		tmp = x - (y / t_1);
                	}
                	return tmp;
                }
                
                module fmin_fmax_functions
                    implicit none
                    private
                    public fmax
                    public fmin
                
                    interface fmax
                        module procedure fmax88
                        module procedure fmax44
                        module procedure fmax84
                        module procedure fmax48
                    end interface
                    interface fmin
                        module procedure fmin88
                        module procedure fmin44
                        module procedure fmin84
                        module procedure fmin48
                    end interface
                contains
                    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                        real(8), intent (in) :: x
                        real(8), intent (in) :: y
                        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                    end function
                    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                        real(4), intent (in) :: x
                        real(4), intent (in) :: y
                        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                    end function
                    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                        real(8), intent (in) :: x
                        real(4), intent (in) :: y
                        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                    end function
                    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                        real(4), intent (in) :: x
                        real(8), intent (in) :: y
                        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                    end function
                    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                        real(8), intent (in) :: x
                        real(8), intent (in) :: y
                        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                    end function
                    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                        real(4), intent (in) :: x
                        real(4), intent (in) :: y
                        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                    end function
                    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                        real(8), intent (in) :: x
                        real(4), intent (in) :: y
                        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                    end function
                    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                        real(4), intent (in) :: x
                        real(8), intent (in) :: y
                        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                    end function
                end module
                
                real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                use fmin_fmax_functions
                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                    real(8), intent (in) :: z
                    real(8), intent (in) :: t
                    real(8), intent (in) :: a
                    real(8) :: t_1
                    real(8) :: tmp
                    t_1 = a / (z - t)
                    if (y < (-1.0761266216389975d-10)) then
                        tmp = x - (1.0d0 / (t_1 / y))
                    else if (y < 2.894426862792089d-49) then
                        tmp = x - ((y * (z - t)) / a)
                    else
                        tmp = x - (y / t_1)
                    end if
                    code = tmp
                end function
                
                public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                	double t_1 = a / (z - t);
                	double tmp;
                	if (y < -1.0761266216389975e-10) {
                		tmp = x - (1.0 / (t_1 / y));
                	} else if (y < 2.894426862792089e-49) {
                		tmp = x - ((y * (z - t)) / a);
                	} else {
                		tmp = x - (y / t_1);
                	}
                	return tmp;
                }
                
                def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                	t_1 = a / (z - t)
                	tmp = 0
                	if y < -1.0761266216389975e-10:
                		tmp = x - (1.0 / (t_1 / y))
                	elif y < 2.894426862792089e-49:
                		tmp = x - ((y * (z - t)) / a)
                	else:
                		tmp = x - (y / t_1)
                	return tmp
                
                function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                	t_1 = Float64(a / Float64(z - t))
                	tmp = 0.0
                	if (y < -1.0761266216389975e-10)
                		tmp = Float64(x - Float64(1.0 / Float64(t_1 / y)));
                	elseif (y < 2.894426862792089e-49)
                		tmp = Float64(x - Float64(Float64(y * Float64(z - t)) / a));
                	else
                		tmp = Float64(x - Float64(y / t_1));
                	end
                	return tmp
                end
                
                function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                	t_1 = a / (z - t);
                	tmp = 0.0;
                	if (y < -1.0761266216389975e-10)
                		tmp = x - (1.0 / (t_1 / y));
                	elseif (y < 2.894426862792089e-49)
                		tmp = x - ((y * (z - t)) / a);
                	else
                		tmp = x - (y / t_1);
                	end
                	tmp_2 = tmp;
                end
                
                code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(a / N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Less[y, -1.0761266216389975e-10], N[(x - N[(1.0 / N[(t$95$1 / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[Less[y, 2.894426862792089e-49], N[(x - N[(N[(y * N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(x - N[(y / t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
                
                \begin{array}{l}
                
                \\
                \begin{array}{l}
                t_1 := \frac{a}{z - t}\\
                \mathbf{if}\;y < -1.0761266216389975 \cdot 10^{-10}:\\
                \;\;\;\;x - \frac{1}{\frac{t\_1}{y}}\\
                
                \mathbf{elif}\;y < 2.894426862792089 \cdot 10^{-49}:\\
                \;\;\;\;x - \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{a}\\
                
                \mathbf{else}:\\
                \;\;\;\;x - \frac{y}{t\_1}\\
                
                
                \end{array}
                \end{array}
                

                Reproduce

                ?
                herbie shell --seed 2025022 
                (FPCore (x y z t a)
                  :name "Optimisation.CirclePacking:place from circle-packing-0.1.0.4, F"
                  :precision binary64
                
                  :alt
                  (! :herbie-platform default (if (< y -430450648655599/4000000000000000000000000) (- x (/ 1 (/ (/ a (- z t)) y))) (if (< y 2894426862792089/10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (- x (/ (* y (- z t)) a)) (- x (/ y (/ a (- z t)))))))
                
                  (- x (/ (* y (- z t)) a)))