Graphics.Rendering.Plot.Render.Plot.Axis:renderAxisTicks from plot-0.2.3.4, A

Percentage Accurate: 84.8% → 98.2%
Time: 4.9s
Alternatives: 8
Speedup: 1.1×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (+ x (/ (* y (- z t)) (- z a))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return x + ((y * (z - t)) / (z - a));
}
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = x + ((y * (z - t)) / (z - a))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return x + ((y * (z - t)) / (z - a));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return x + ((y * (z - t)) / (z - a))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(x + Float64(Float64(y * Float64(z - t)) / Float64(z - a)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = x + ((y * (z - t)) / (z - a));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(x + N[(N[(y * N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(z - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 8 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 84.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (+ x (/ (* y (- z t)) (- z a))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return x + ((y * (z - t)) / (z - a));
}
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = x + ((y * (z - t)) / (z - a))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return x + ((y * (z - t)) / (z - a));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return x + ((y * (z - t)) / (z - a))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(x + Float64(Float64(y * Float64(z - t)) / Float64(z - a)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = x + ((y * (z - t)) / (z - a));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(x + N[(N[(y * N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(z - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 98.2% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z - t}{z - a}, y, x\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (fma (/ (- z t) (- z a)) y x))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return fma(((z - t) / (z - a)), y, x);
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return fma(Float64(Float64(z - t) / Float64(z - a)), y, x)
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision] / N[(z - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * y + x), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z - t}{z - a}, y, x\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 84.8%

    \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a}} \]
    2. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} + x} \]
    3. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a}} + x \]
    4. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}}{z - a} + x \]
    5. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{z - t}{z - a}} + x \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{z - t}{z - a} \cdot y} + x \]
    7. lower-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z - t}{z - a}, y, x\right)} \]
    8. lower-/.f6498.5

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{z - t}{z - a}}, y, x\right) \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z - t}{z - a}, y, x\right)} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 80.9% accurate, 0.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a}\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-71} \lor \neg \left(t\_1 \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+170}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{y}{z - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{z - a}, y, x\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (/ (* y (- z t)) (- z a))))
   (if (or (<= t_1 -2e-71) (not (<= t_1 5e+170)))
     (* (- z t) (/ y (- z a)))
     (fma (/ z (- z a)) y x))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = (y * (z - t)) / (z - a);
	double tmp;
	if ((t_1 <= -2e-71) || !(t_1 <= 5e+170)) {
		tmp = (z - t) * (y / (z - a));
	} else {
		tmp = fma((z / (z - a)), y, x);
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(Float64(y * Float64(z - t)) / Float64(z - a))
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((t_1 <= -2e-71) || !(t_1 <= 5e+170))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(z - t) * Float64(y / Float64(z - a)));
	else
		tmp = fma(Float64(z / Float64(z - a)), y, x);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(y * N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(z - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Or[LessEqual[t$95$1, -2e-71], N[Not[LessEqual[t$95$1, 5e+170]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y / N[(z - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(z / N[(z - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * y + x), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-71} \lor \neg \left(t\_1 \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+170}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{y}{z - a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{z - a}, y, x\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (*.f64 y (-.f64 z t)) (-.f64 z a)) < -1.9999999999999998e-71 or 4.99999999999999977e170 < (/.f64 (*.f64 y (-.f64 z t)) (-.f64 z a))

    1. Initial program 61.7%

      \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites85.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{y}{z - a}} \]

      if -1.9999999999999998e-71 < (/.f64 (*.f64 y (-.f64 z t)) (-.f64 z a)) < 4.99999999999999977e170

      1. Initial program 99.9%

        \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \frac{y \cdot z}{z - a}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites89.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{z - a}, y, x\right)} \]
      5. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      6. Final simplification88.3%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-71} \lor \neg \left(\frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+170}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(z - t\right) \cdot \frac{y}{z - a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{z - a}, y, x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
      7. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 3: 82.3% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{z - a}, y, x\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -8.5 \cdot 10^{-29}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq -5.3 \cdot 10^{-55}:\\ \;\;\;\;t \cdot \frac{y}{a - z}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{-21}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (x y z t a)
       :precision binary64
       (let* ((t_1 (fma (/ z (- z a)) y x)))
         (if (<= z -8.5e-29)
           t_1
           (if (<= z -5.3e-55)
             (* t (/ y (- a z)))
             (if (<= z 2.4e-21) (fma (/ y a) t x) t_1)))))
      double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
      	double t_1 = fma((z / (z - a)), y, x);
      	double tmp;
      	if (z <= -8.5e-29) {
      		tmp = t_1;
      	} else if (z <= -5.3e-55) {
      		tmp = t * (y / (a - z));
      	} else if (z <= 2.4e-21) {
      		tmp = fma((y / a), t, x);
      	} else {
      		tmp = t_1;
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      function code(x, y, z, t, a)
      	t_1 = fma(Float64(z / Float64(z - a)), y, x)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (z <= -8.5e-29)
      		tmp = t_1;
      	elseif (z <= -5.3e-55)
      		tmp = Float64(t * Float64(y / Float64(a - z)));
      	elseif (z <= 2.4e-21)
      		tmp = fma(Float64(y / a), t, x);
      	else
      		tmp = t_1;
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(z / N[(z - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * y + x), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[z, -8.5e-29], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[z, -5.3e-55], N[(t * N[(y / N[(a - z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[z, 2.4e-21], N[(N[(y / a), $MachinePrecision] * t + x), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{z - a}, y, x\right)\\
      \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -8.5 \cdot 10^{-29}:\\
      \;\;\;\;t\_1\\
      
      \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq -5.3 \cdot 10^{-55}:\\
      \;\;\;\;t \cdot \frac{y}{a - z}\\
      
      \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{-21}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;t\_1\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 3 regimes
      2. if z < -8.5000000000000001e-29 or 2.3999999999999999e-21 < z

        1. Initial program 77.1%

          \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \frac{y \cdot z}{z - a}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites87.7%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{z - a}, y, x\right)} \]

          if -8.5000000000000001e-29 < z < -5.3000000000000003e-55

          1. Initial program 99.5%

            \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{t \cdot y}{z - a}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites99.5%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{z - a} \cdot \left(-t\right)} \]
            2. Taylor expanded in z around inf

              \[\leadsto \frac{y}{z} \cdot \left(-t\right) \]
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites77.2%

                \[\leadsto \frac{y}{z} \cdot \left(-t\right) \]
              2. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites77.4%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{t \cdot y}{\color{blue}{-z}} \]
                2. Taylor expanded in y around 0

                  \[\leadsto \frac{t \cdot y}{\color{blue}{a - z}} \]
                3. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites99.5%

                    \[\leadsto t \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{y}{a - z}} \]

                  if -5.3000000000000003e-55 < z < 2.3999999999999999e-21

                  1. Initial program 93.8%

                    \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \frac{t \cdot y}{a}} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites81.4%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)} \]
                  5. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                  6. Add Preprocessing

                  Alternative 4: 80.1% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -3.9 \cdot 10^{+55} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{-21}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z, \frac{y}{z - a}, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                  (FPCore (x y z t a)
                   :precision binary64
                   (if (or (<= z -3.9e+55) (not (<= z 2.4e-21)))
                     (fma z (/ y (- z a)) x)
                     (fma (/ y a) t x)))
                  double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                  	double tmp;
                  	if ((z <= -3.9e+55) || !(z <= 2.4e-21)) {
                  		tmp = fma(z, (y / (z - a)), x);
                  	} else {
                  		tmp = fma((y / a), t, x);
                  	}
                  	return tmp;
                  }
                  
                  function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                  	tmp = 0.0
                  	if ((z <= -3.9e+55) || !(z <= 2.4e-21))
                  		tmp = fma(z, Float64(y / Float64(z - a)), x);
                  	else
                  		tmp = fma(Float64(y / a), t, x);
                  	end
                  	return tmp
                  end
                  
                  code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[z, -3.9e+55], N[Not[LessEqual[z, 2.4e-21]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(z * N[(y / N[(z - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + x), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(y / a), $MachinePrecision] * t + x), $MachinePrecision]]
                  
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  
                  \\
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -3.9 \cdot 10^{+55} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{-21}\right):\\
                  \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z, \frac{y}{z - a}, x\right)\\
                  
                  \mathbf{else}:\\
                  \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)\\
                  
                  
                  \end{array}
                  \end{array}
                  
                  Derivation
                  1. Split input into 2 regimes
                  2. if z < -3.90000000000000027e55 or 2.3999999999999999e-21 < z

                    1. Initial program 74.3%

                      \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \frac{y \cdot z}{z - a}} \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites90.6%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{z - a}, y, x\right)} \]
                      2. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites86.0%

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{z - a}}, x\right) \]

                        if -3.90000000000000027e55 < z < 2.3999999999999999e-21

                        1. Initial program 94.8%

                          \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
                        2. Add Preprocessing
                        3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \frac{t \cdot y}{a}} \]
                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites77.1%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)} \]
                        5. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                        6. Final simplification81.4%

                          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -3.9 \cdot 10^{+55} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{-21}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z, \frac{y}{z - a}, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                        7. Add Preprocessing

                        Alternative 5: 82.8% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

                        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -7.5 \cdot 10^{-56}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z - t}{z}, y, x\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{-21}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{z - a}, y, x\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                        (FPCore (x y z t a)
                         :precision binary64
                         (if (<= z -7.5e-56)
                           (fma (/ (- z t) z) y x)
                           (if (<= z 2.4e-21) (fma (/ y a) t x) (fma (/ z (- z a)) y x))))
                        double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                        	double tmp;
                        	if (z <= -7.5e-56) {
                        		tmp = fma(((z - t) / z), y, x);
                        	} else if (z <= 2.4e-21) {
                        		tmp = fma((y / a), t, x);
                        	} else {
                        		tmp = fma((z / (z - a)), y, x);
                        	}
                        	return tmp;
                        }
                        
                        function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                        	tmp = 0.0
                        	if (z <= -7.5e-56)
                        		tmp = fma(Float64(Float64(z - t) / z), y, x);
                        	elseif (z <= 2.4e-21)
                        		tmp = fma(Float64(y / a), t, x);
                        	else
                        		tmp = fma(Float64(z / Float64(z - a)), y, x);
                        	end
                        	return tmp
                        end
                        
                        code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[z, -7.5e-56], N[(N[(N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision] / z), $MachinePrecision] * y + x), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[z, 2.4e-21], N[(N[(y / a), $MachinePrecision] * t + x), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(z / N[(z - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * y + x), $MachinePrecision]]]
                        
                        \begin{array}{l}
                        
                        \\
                        \begin{array}{l}
                        \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -7.5 \cdot 10^{-56}:\\
                        \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z - t}{z}, y, x\right)\\
                        
                        \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{-21}:\\
                        \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)\\
                        
                        \mathbf{else}:\\
                        \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{z - a}, y, x\right)\\
                        
                        
                        \end{array}
                        \end{array}
                        
                        Derivation
                        1. Split input into 3 regimes
                        2. if z < -7.50000000000000041e-56

                          1. Initial program 75.2%

                            \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
                          2. Add Preprocessing
                          3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z}} \]
                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. Applied rewrites85.8%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z - t}{z}, y, x\right)} \]

                            if -7.50000000000000041e-56 < z < 2.3999999999999999e-21

                            1. Initial program 93.8%

                              \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
                            2. Add Preprocessing
                            3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \frac{t \cdot y}{a}} \]
                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. Applied rewrites81.4%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)} \]

                              if 2.3999999999999999e-21 < z

                              1. Initial program 81.4%

                                \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
                              2. Add Preprocessing
                              3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \frac{y \cdot z}{z - a}} \]
                              4. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. Applied rewrites89.6%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{z - a}, y, x\right)} \]
                              5. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                              6. Add Preprocessing

                              Alternative 6: 77.8% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

                              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -3.9 \cdot 10^{+55} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{-19}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                              (FPCore (x y z t a)
                               :precision binary64
                               (if (or (<= z -3.9e+55) (not (<= z 2.6e-19))) (+ x y) (fma (/ y a) t x)))
                              double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                              	double tmp;
                              	if ((z <= -3.9e+55) || !(z <= 2.6e-19)) {
                              		tmp = x + y;
                              	} else {
                              		tmp = fma((y / a), t, x);
                              	}
                              	return tmp;
                              }
                              
                              function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                              	tmp = 0.0
                              	if ((z <= -3.9e+55) || !(z <= 2.6e-19))
                              		tmp = Float64(x + y);
                              	else
                              		tmp = fma(Float64(y / a), t, x);
                              	end
                              	return tmp
                              end
                              
                              code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[z, -3.9e+55], N[Not[LessEqual[z, 2.6e-19]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(y / a), $MachinePrecision] * t + x), $MachinePrecision]]
                              
                              \begin{array}{l}
                              
                              \\
                              \begin{array}{l}
                              \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -3.9 \cdot 10^{+55} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{-19}\right):\\
                              \;\;\;\;x + y\\
                              
                              \mathbf{else}:\\
                              \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)\\
                              
                              
                              \end{array}
                              \end{array}
                              
                              Derivation
                              1. Split input into 2 regimes
                              2. if z < -3.90000000000000027e55 or 2.60000000000000013e-19 < z

                                1. Initial program 74.3%

                                  \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
                                2. Add Preprocessing
                                3. Taylor expanded in z around inf

                                  \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{y} \]
                                4. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. Applied rewrites82.9%

                                    \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{y} \]

                                  if -3.90000000000000027e55 < z < 2.60000000000000013e-19

                                  1. Initial program 94.8%

                                    \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                  3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + \frac{t \cdot y}{a}} \]
                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. Applied rewrites77.1%

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)} \]
                                  5. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                  6. Final simplification79.9%

                                    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -3.9 \cdot 10^{+55} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 2.6 \cdot 10^{-19}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{a}, t, x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                                  7. Add Preprocessing

                                  Alternative 7: 64.1% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

                                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -3.9 \cdot 10^{+55} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 1.06 \cdot 10^{-53}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                                  (FPCore (x y z t a)
                                   :precision binary64
                                   (if (or (<= z -3.9e+55) (not (<= z 1.06e-53))) (+ x y) x))
                                  double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                  	double tmp;
                                  	if ((z <= -3.9e+55) || !(z <= 1.06e-53)) {
                                  		tmp = x + y;
                                  	} else {
                                  		tmp = x;
                                  	}
                                  	return tmp;
                                  }
                                  
                                  module fmin_fmax_functions
                                      implicit none
                                      private
                                      public fmax
                                      public fmin
                                  
                                      interface fmax
                                          module procedure fmax88
                                          module procedure fmax44
                                          module procedure fmax84
                                          module procedure fmax48
                                      end interface
                                      interface fmin
                                          module procedure fmin88
                                          module procedure fmin44
                                          module procedure fmin84
                                          module procedure fmin48
                                      end interface
                                  contains
                                      real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                                          real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                          real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                          res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                      end function
                                      real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                                          real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                          real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                          res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                      end function
                                      real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                                          real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                          real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                          res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                      end function
                                      real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                                          real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                          real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                          res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                      end function
                                      real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                                          real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                          real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                          res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                      end function
                                      real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                                          real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                          real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                          res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                      end function
                                      real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                                          real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                          real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                          res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                      end function
                                      real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                                          real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                          real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                          res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                      end function
                                  end module
                                  
                                  real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                  use fmin_fmax_functions
                                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                      real(8), intent (in) :: z
                                      real(8), intent (in) :: t
                                      real(8), intent (in) :: a
                                      real(8) :: tmp
                                      if ((z <= (-3.9d+55)) .or. (.not. (z <= 1.06d-53))) then
                                          tmp = x + y
                                      else
                                          tmp = x
                                      end if
                                      code = tmp
                                  end function
                                  
                                  public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                  	double tmp;
                                  	if ((z <= -3.9e+55) || !(z <= 1.06e-53)) {
                                  		tmp = x + y;
                                  	} else {
                                  		tmp = x;
                                  	}
                                  	return tmp;
                                  }
                                  
                                  def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                                  	tmp = 0
                                  	if (z <= -3.9e+55) or not (z <= 1.06e-53):
                                  		tmp = x + y
                                  	else:
                                  		tmp = x
                                  	return tmp
                                  
                                  function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                  	tmp = 0.0
                                  	if ((z <= -3.9e+55) || !(z <= 1.06e-53))
                                  		tmp = Float64(x + y);
                                  	else
                                  		tmp = x;
                                  	end
                                  	return tmp
                                  end
                                  
                                  function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                  	tmp = 0.0;
                                  	if ((z <= -3.9e+55) || ~((z <= 1.06e-53)))
                                  		tmp = x + y;
                                  	else
                                  		tmp = x;
                                  	end
                                  	tmp_2 = tmp;
                                  end
                                  
                                  code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[z, -3.9e+55], N[Not[LessEqual[z, 1.06e-53]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision], x]
                                  
                                  \begin{array}{l}
                                  
                                  \\
                                  \begin{array}{l}
                                  \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -3.9 \cdot 10^{+55} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 1.06 \cdot 10^{-53}\right):\\
                                  \;\;\;\;x + y\\
                                  
                                  \mathbf{else}:\\
                                  \;\;\;\;x\\
                                  
                                  
                                  \end{array}
                                  \end{array}
                                  
                                  Derivation
                                  1. Split input into 2 regimes
                                  2. if z < -3.90000000000000027e55 or 1.06000000000000011e-53 < z

                                    1. Initial program 75.7%

                                      \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
                                    2. Add Preprocessing
                                    3. Taylor expanded in z around inf

                                      \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{y} \]
                                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                                      1. Applied rewrites80.8%

                                        \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{y} \]

                                      if -3.90000000000000027e55 < z < 1.06000000000000011e-53

                                      1. Initial program 95.1%

                                        \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
                                      2. Add Preprocessing
                                      3. Taylor expanded in x around inf

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]
                                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                                        1. Applied rewrites52.6%

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]
                                      5. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                      6. Final simplification67.6%

                                        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -3.9 \cdot 10^{+55} \lor \neg \left(z \leq 1.06 \cdot 10^{-53}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x + y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x\\ \end{array} \]
                                      7. Add Preprocessing

                                      Alternative 8: 51.1% accurate, 26.0× speedup?

                                      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ x \end{array} \]
                                      (FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 x)
                                      double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                      	return x;
                                      }
                                      
                                      module fmin_fmax_functions
                                          implicit none
                                          private
                                          public fmax
                                          public fmin
                                      
                                          interface fmax
                                              module procedure fmax88
                                              module procedure fmax44
                                              module procedure fmax84
                                              module procedure fmax48
                                          end interface
                                          interface fmin
                                              module procedure fmin88
                                              module procedure fmin44
                                              module procedure fmin84
                                              module procedure fmin48
                                          end interface
                                      contains
                                          real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                              res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                          end function
                                          real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                                              real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                              real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                              res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                          end function
                                          real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                              real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                              res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                          end function
                                          real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                                              real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                              res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                          end function
                                          real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                              res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                          end function
                                          real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                                              real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                              real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                              res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                          end function
                                          real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                              real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                              res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                          end function
                                          real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                                              real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                              res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                          end function
                                      end module
                                      
                                      real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                      use fmin_fmax_functions
                                          real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                          real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                          real(8), intent (in) :: z
                                          real(8), intent (in) :: t
                                          real(8), intent (in) :: a
                                          code = x
                                      end function
                                      
                                      public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                      	return x;
                                      }
                                      
                                      def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                                      	return x
                                      
                                      function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                      	return x
                                      end
                                      
                                      function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                      	tmp = x;
                                      end
                                      
                                      code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := x
                                      
                                      \begin{array}{l}
                                      
                                      \\
                                      x
                                      \end{array}
                                      
                                      Derivation
                                      1. Initial program 84.8%

                                        \[x + \frac{y \cdot \left(z - t\right)}{z - a} \]
                                      2. Add Preprocessing
                                      3. Taylor expanded in x around inf

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]
                                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                                        1. Applied rewrites50.8%

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} \]
                                        2. Add Preprocessing

                                        Developer Target 1: 98.3% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

                                        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ x + \frac{y}{\frac{z - a}{z - t}} \end{array} \]
                                        (FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (+ x (/ y (/ (- z a) (- z t)))))
                                        double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                        	return x + (y / ((z - a) / (z - t)));
                                        }
                                        
                                        module fmin_fmax_functions
                                            implicit none
                                            private
                                            public fmax
                                            public fmin
                                        
                                            interface fmax
                                                module procedure fmax88
                                                module procedure fmax44
                                                module procedure fmax84
                                                module procedure fmax48
                                            end interface
                                            interface fmin
                                                module procedure fmin88
                                                module procedure fmin44
                                                module procedure fmin84
                                                module procedure fmin48
                                            end interface
                                        contains
                                            real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                        end module
                                        
                                        real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                        use fmin_fmax_functions
                                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                            real(8), intent (in) :: z
                                            real(8), intent (in) :: t
                                            real(8), intent (in) :: a
                                            code = x + (y / ((z - a) / (z - t)))
                                        end function
                                        
                                        public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                                        	return x + (y / ((z - a) / (z - t)));
                                        }
                                        
                                        def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                                        	return x + (y / ((z - a) / (z - t)))
                                        
                                        function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                        	return Float64(x + Float64(y / Float64(Float64(z - a) / Float64(z - t))))
                                        end
                                        
                                        function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                                        	tmp = x + (y / ((z - a) / (z - t)));
                                        end
                                        
                                        code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(x + N[(y / N[(N[(z - a), $MachinePrecision] / N[(z - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                                        
                                        \begin{array}{l}
                                        
                                        \\
                                        x + \frac{y}{\frac{z - a}{z - t}}
                                        \end{array}
                                        

                                        Reproduce

                                        ?
                                        herbie shell --seed 2025021 
                                        (FPCore (x y z t a)
                                          :name "Graphics.Rendering.Plot.Render.Plot.Axis:renderAxisTicks from plot-0.2.3.4, A"
                                          :precision binary64
                                        
                                          :alt
                                          (! :herbie-platform default (+ x (/ y (/ (- z a) (- z t)))))
                                        
                                          (+ x (/ (* y (- z t)) (- z a))))