VandenBroeck and Keller, Equation (20)

Percentage Accurate: 6.9% → 99.0%
Time: 15.2s
Alternatives: 10
Speedup: 4.6×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\ t_1 := t\_0 \cdot f\\ t_2 := e^{t\_1}\\ t_3 := e^{-t\_1}\\ -\frac{1}{t\_0} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t\_2 + t\_3}{t\_2 - t\_3}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ (PI) 4.0)) (t_1 (* t_0 f)) (t_2 (exp t_1)) (t_3 (exp (- t_1))))
   (- (* (/ 1.0 t_0) (log (/ (+ t_2 t_3) (- t_2 t_3)))))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\
t_1 := t\_0 \cdot f\\
t_2 := e^{t\_1}\\
t_3 := e^{-t\_1}\\
-\frac{1}{t\_0} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t\_2 + t\_3}{t\_2 - t\_3}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 10 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 6.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\ t_1 := t\_0 \cdot f\\ t_2 := e^{t\_1}\\ t_3 := e^{-t\_1}\\ -\frac{1}{t\_0} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t\_2 + t\_3}{t\_2 - t\_3}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ (PI) 4.0)) (t_1 (* t_0 f)) (t_2 (exp t_1)) (t_3 (exp (- t_1))))
   (- (* (/ 1.0 t_0) (log (/ (+ t_2 t_3) (- t_2 t_3)))))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\
t_1 := t\_0 \cdot f\\
t_2 := e^{t\_1}\\
t_3 := e^{-t\_1}\\
-\frac{1}{t\_0} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t\_2 + t\_3}{t\_2 - t\_3}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.0% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\ t_1 := {t\_0}^{-0.5}\\ t_2 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\\ \mathbf{if}\;f \leq 800:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(t\_2 \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot t\_0\right)}\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot \left(-t\_1\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{t\_0}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{t\_2}\right)}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ (PI) 4.0)) (t_1 (pow t_0 -0.5)) (t_2 (/ (PI) -4.0)))
   (if (<= f 800.0)
     (* (* (log (/ (cosh (* t_2 f)) (sinh (* f t_0)))) t_1) (- t_1))
     (*
      (/ (- 4.0) (PI))
      (log
       (pow (pow (/ 4.0 (* f (PI))) (pow (exp f) t_0)) (pow (exp f) t_2)))))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\
t_1 := {t\_0}^{-0.5}\\
t_2 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\\
\mathbf{if}\;f \leq 800:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(t\_2 \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot t\_0\right)}\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot \left(-t\_1\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{t\_0}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{t\_2}\right)}\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if f < 800

    1. Initial program 8.8%

      \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-neg.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)\right)} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)}\right) \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}}\right) \]
      4. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}} \]
      5. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}^{-0.5}\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}^{-0.5}} \]

    if 800 < f

    1. Initial program 0.0%

      \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Applied rewrites100.0%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left({\left({\left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right)} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in f around 0

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left({\left({\color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{f \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right) \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites100.0%

        \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left({\left({\color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot f}\right)}}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{2}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot f}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right) \]
        2. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{2}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot f}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right) \]
        3. associate-/r/N/A

          \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot 4\right)} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{2}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot f}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right) \]
        4. associate-*l/N/A

          \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{2}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot f}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right) \]
        5. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{\color{blue}{4}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{2}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot f}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right) \]
        6. lift-/.f64100.0

          \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{2}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot f}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      3. Applied rewrites100.0%

        \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{2}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot f}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites100.0%

          \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{4}{\color{blue}{f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      5. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      6. Final simplification98.7%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;f \leq 800:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}^{-0.5}\right) \cdot \left(-{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}^{-0.5}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
      7. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 2: 98.9% accurate, 0.6× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\ t_1 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\\ \frac{-1}{t\_0} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{\cosh \left(t\_1 \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot t\_0\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{t\_0}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{t\_1}\right)}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (f)
       :precision binary64
       (let* ((t_0 (/ (PI) 4.0)) (t_1 (/ (PI) -4.0)))
         (*
          (/ -1.0 t_0)
          (log
           (pow
            (pow (/ (cosh (* t_1 f)) (sinh (* f t_0))) (pow (exp f) t_0))
            (pow (exp f) t_1))))))
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\
      t_1 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\\
      \frac{-1}{t\_0} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{\cosh \left(t\_1 \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot t\_0\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{t\_0}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{t\_1}\right)}\right)
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 8.5%

        \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Applied rewrites98.5%

        \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left({\left({\left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right)} \]
      4. Final simplification98.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left({\left({\left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}^{\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      5. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 3: 97.2% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\ t_1 := {t\_0}^{-0.5}\\ \left(\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot t\_0\right)}\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot \left(-t\_1\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (f)
       :precision binary64
       (let* ((t_0 (/ (PI) 4.0)) (t_1 (pow t_0 -0.5)))
         (* (* (log (/ (cosh (* (/ (PI) -4.0) f)) (sinh (* f t_0)))) t_1) (- t_1))))
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\
      t_1 := {t\_0}^{-0.5}\\
      \left(\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot t\_0\right)}\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot \left(-t\_1\right)
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 8.5%

        \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-neg.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)\right)} \]
        2. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)}\right) \]
        3. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}}\right) \]
        4. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}} \]
        5. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}} \]
      4. Applied rewrites96.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}^{-0.5}\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}^{-0.5}} \]
      5. Final simplification96.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}^{-0.5}\right) \cdot \left(-{\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}^{-0.5}\right) \]
      6. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 4: 97.1% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot f\\ \frac{\log \left(\frac{{\left(e^{0.5}\right)}^{t\_0} + 1}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(t\_0 \cdot 0.5\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (f)
       :precision binary64
       (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) f)))
         (*
          (/ (log (/ (+ (pow (exp 0.5) t_0) 1.0) (expm1 (* t_0 0.5)))) (PI))
          -4.0)))
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot f\\
      \frac{\log \left(\frac{{\left(e^{0.5}\right)}^{t\_0} + 1}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(t\_0 \cdot 0.5\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 8.5%

        \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Applied rewrites95.9%

        \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(2 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}, 1, 1\right)}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(2 \cdot \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)\right)}\right)} \]
      4. Taylor expanded in f around inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1 + e^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}{e^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} - 1}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites96.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\frac{{\left(e^{0.5}\right)}^{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot f\right)} + 1}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot f\right) \cdot 0.5\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 5: 97.1% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\\ \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \left(t\_0 \cdot \frac{t\_0}{4}\right)\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (f)
         :precision binary64
         (let* ((t_0 (sqrt (PI))))
           (*
            (/
             (log (/ (cosh (* (/ (PI) -4.0) f)) (sinh (* f (* t_0 (/ t_0 4.0))))))
             (PI))
            -4.0)))
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        t_0 := \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\\
        \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \left(t\_0 \cdot \frac{t\_0}{4}\right)\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 8.5%

          \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-neg.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)\right)} \]
          2. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)}\right) \]
          3. lift-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)\right) \]
          4. associate-*l/N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}}\right) \]
        4. Applied rewrites95.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4} \]
        5. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \]
          2. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{4}\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \]
          3. add-sqr-sqrtN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{4}\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \]
          4. associate-/l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \]
          5. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \]
          6. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{4}\right)\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \]
          7. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{4}\right)\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \]
          8. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{4}}\right)\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \]
          9. lift-PI.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{4}\right)\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \]
          10. lower-sqrt.f6496.0

            \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{4}\right)\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \]
        6. Applied rewrites96.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{4}\right)}\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \]
        7. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 6: 97.2% accurate, 1.7× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (f)
         :precision binary64
         (*
          (/ (log (/ (cosh (* (/ (PI) -4.0) f)) (sinh (* f (/ (PI) 4.0))))) (PI))
          -4.0))
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 8.5%

          \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-neg.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)\right)} \]
          2. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)}\right) \]
          3. lift-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)\right) \]
          4. associate-*l/N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}}\right) \]
        4. Applied rewrites95.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4} \]
        5. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 7: 96.5% accurate, 2.5× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.08333333333333333 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), f \cdot f, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log f, -1, \log \left(\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4\right) \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (f)
         :precision binary64
         (fma
          (* -0.08333333333333333 (PI))
          (* f f)
          (* (/ (fma (log f) -1.0 (log (/ 4.0 (PI)))) (PI)) -4.0)))
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.08333333333333333 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), f \cdot f, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log f, -1, \log \left(\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4\right)
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 8.5%

          \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Applied rewrites95.9%

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(2 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}, 1, 1\right)}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(2 \cdot \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)\right)}\right)} \]
        4. Taylor expanded in f around 0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{f}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) - 4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
        5. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites95.5%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.08333333333333333 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), f \cdot f, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log f, -1, \log \left(\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4\right)} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 8: 96.4% accurate, 3.7× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.08333333333333333 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), f \cdot f, \frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}{f}\right) \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (f)
           :precision binary64
           (*
            (/ -1.0 (/ (PI) 4.0))
            (log (/ (fma (* 0.08333333333333333 (PI)) (* f f) (/ 4.0 (PI))) f))))
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \frac{-1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.08333333333333333 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), f \cdot f, \frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}{f}\right)
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Initial program 8.5%

            \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Applied rewrites95.9%

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left({\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(2 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}, 1, 1\right)}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(2 \cdot \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)\right)}\right)} \]
          4. Taylor expanded in f around 0

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{{f}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{1}{6} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + 4 \cdot \frac{1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
          5. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites95.4%

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.08333333333333333 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), f \cdot f, \frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}{f}\right)} \]
            2. Final simplification95.4%

              \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.08333333333333333 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), f \cdot f, \frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}{f}\right) \]
            3. Add Preprocessing

            Alternative 9: 95.9% accurate, 4.4× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right) \cdot -4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \end{array} \]
            (FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (/ (* (log (/ (/ 4.0 (PI)) f)) -4.0) (PI)))
            \begin{array}{l}
            
            \\
            \frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right) \cdot -4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Initial program 8.5%

              \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in f around 0

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{f \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites94.5%

                \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
              2. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lift-neg.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)\right)} \]
                2. lift-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)}\right) \]
                3. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}\right)\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
                4. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}\right)\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
              3. Applied rewrites94.5%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lift-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
                2. lift-/.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right) \]
                3. associate-*l/N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
                4. lower-/.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
              5. Applied rewrites94.6%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right) \cdot -4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
              6. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 10: 95.8% accurate, 4.6× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot f}\right) \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (* (/ -4.0 (PI)) (log (/ 4.0 (* (PI) f)))))
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot f}\right)
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Initial program 8.5%

                \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in f around 0

                \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{f \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites94.5%

                  \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
                2. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. lift-neg.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)\right)} \]
                  2. lift-*.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)}\right) \]
                  3. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}\right)\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
                  4. lower-*.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}\right)\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
                3. Applied rewrites94.5%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
                4. Taylor expanded in f around 0

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{\color{blue}{f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right) \]
                5. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites94.5%

                    \[\leadsto \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot f}}\right) \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing

                  Reproduce

                  ?
                  herbie shell --seed 2025019 
                  (FPCore (f)
                    :name "VandenBroeck and Keller, Equation (20)"
                    :precision binary64
                    (- (* (/ 1.0 (/ (PI) 4.0)) (log (/ (+ (exp (* (/ (PI) 4.0) f)) (exp (- (* (/ (PI) 4.0) f)))) (- (exp (* (/ (PI) 4.0) f)) (exp (- (* (/ (PI) 4.0) f)))))))))