HairBSDF, Mp, upper

Percentage Accurate: 98.6% → 98.8%
Time: 9.6s
Alternatives: 14
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\left(\left(\left(\left(\left(-1 \leq cosTheta\_i \land cosTheta\_i \leq 1\right) \land \left(-1 \leq cosTheta\_O \land cosTheta\_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta\_i \land sinTheta\_i \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta\_O \land sinTheta\_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land 0.1 < v\right) \land v \leq 1.5707964\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
  (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v);
}
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(-((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 14 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 98.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
  (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v);
}
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(-((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 98.8% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right)\right) \end{array} \]
cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  cosTheta_O_s
  (*
   (/ cosTheta_i v)
   (*
    (/ cosTheta_O_m (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0))
    (/ (pow (exp (/ sinTheta_O v)) (- sinTheta_i)) v)))))
cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_O_s * ((cosTheta_i / v) * ((cosTheta_O_m / (sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f)) * (powf(expf((sinTheta_O / v)), -sinTheta_i) / v)));
}
cosTheta_O\_m =     private
cosTheta_O\_s =     private
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_o_s, costheta_i, costheta_o_m, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_s
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_m
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_o_s * ((costheta_i / v) * ((costheta_o_m / (sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0)) * ((exp((sintheta_o / v)) ** -sintheta_i) / v)))
end function
cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i / v) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O_m / Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0))) * Float32((exp(Float32(sinTheta_O / v)) ^ Float32(-sinTheta_i)) / v))))
end
cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O);
cosTheta_O\_s = sign(cosTheta_O) * abs(1.0);
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_O_s * ((cosTheta_i / v) * ((cosTheta_O_m / (sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0))) * ((exp((sinTheta_O / v)) ^ -sinTheta_i) / v)));
end
\begin{array}{l}
cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
\\
cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
\\
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.5%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    9. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    10. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    11. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    12. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_i\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    13. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_i\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    14. lower-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    15. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    16. lower-/.f3298.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    3. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    9. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    10. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    11. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
    12. frac-timesN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    13. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v}} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    14. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
  6. Applied rewrites98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    4. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    5. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    6. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    7. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    8. associate-*l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    9. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    10. associate-*l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_O}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}} \]
    11. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v} \]
    12. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v} \]
    13. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right)} \]
  8. Applied rewrites98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{2}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right)} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{2}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right) \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{2}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right) \]
    3. associate-/l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right) \]
    4. lift-sinh.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right) \]
    5. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{2 \cdot \sinh \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right) \]
    6. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right) \]
    7. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{2 \cdot \sinh \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right) \]
    8. lift-sinh.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right) \]
    9. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right) \]
    10. lower-*.f3298.8

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right) \]
  10. Applied rewrites98.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right) \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.7% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \end{array} \]
cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  cosTheta_O_s
  (*
   (* (/ cosTheta_O_m v) cosTheta_i)
   (/
    (/ (pow (exp (/ sinTheta_O v)) (- sinTheta_i)) v)
    (* 2.0 (sinh (/ 1.0 v)))))))
cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_O_s * (((cosTheta_O_m / v) * cosTheta_i) * ((powf(expf((sinTheta_O / v)), -sinTheta_i) / v) / (2.0f * sinhf((1.0f / v)))));
}
cosTheta_O\_m =     private
cosTheta_O\_s =     private
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_o_s, costheta_i, costheta_o_m, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_s
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_m
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_o_s * (((costheta_o_m / v) * costheta_i) * (((exp((sintheta_o / v)) ** -sintheta_i) / v) / (2.0e0 * sinh((1.0e0 / v)))))
end function
cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O_m / v) * cosTheta_i) * Float32(Float32((exp(Float32(sinTheta_O / v)) ^ Float32(-sinTheta_i)) / v) / Float32(Float32(2.0) * sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v))))))
end
cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O);
cosTheta_O\_s = sign(cosTheta_O) * abs(1.0);
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_O_s * (((cosTheta_O_m / v) * cosTheta_i) * (((exp((sinTheta_O / v)) ^ -sinTheta_i) / v) / (single(2.0) * sinh((single(1.0) / v)))));
end
\begin{array}{l}
cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
\\
cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
\\
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.5%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    9. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    10. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    11. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    12. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_i\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    13. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_i\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    14. lower-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    15. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    16. lower-/.f3298.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    3. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    9. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    10. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    11. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
    12. frac-timesN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    13. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v}} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    14. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
  6. Applied rewrites98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  cosTheta_O_s
  (/
   (*
    (* (exp (* (- sinTheta_i) (/ sinTheta_O v))) cosTheta_i)
    (/ cosTheta_O_m v))
   (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v))))
cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_O_s * (((expf((-sinTheta_i * (sinTheta_O / v))) * cosTheta_i) * (cosTheta_O_m / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v));
}
cosTheta_O\_m =     private
cosTheta_O\_s =     private
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_o_s, costheta_i, costheta_o_m, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_s
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_m
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_o_s * (((exp((-sintheta_i * (sintheta_o / v))) * costheta_i) * (costheta_o_m / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v))
end function
cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * Float32(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-sinTheta_i) * Float32(sinTheta_O / v))) * cosTheta_i) * Float32(cosTheta_O_m / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v)))
end
cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O);
cosTheta_O\_s = sign(cosTheta_O) * abs(1.0);
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_O_s * (((exp((-sinTheta_i * (sinTheta_O / v))) * cosTheta_i) * (cosTheta_O_m / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v));
end
\begin{array}{l}
cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
\\
cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
\\
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.5%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    9. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    10. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    11. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    12. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_i\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    13. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_i\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    14. lower-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    15. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    16. lower-/.f3298.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 98.5% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{\left(cosTheta\_i - cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  cosTheta_O_s
  (/
   (*
    (- cosTheta_i (* cosTheta_i (* sinTheta_i (/ sinTheta_O v))))
    (/ cosTheta_O_m v))
   (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v))))
cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_O_s * (((cosTheta_i - (cosTheta_i * (sinTheta_i * (sinTheta_O / v)))) * (cosTheta_O_m / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v));
}
cosTheta_O\_m =     private
cosTheta_O\_s =     private
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_o_s, costheta_i, costheta_o_m, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_s
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_m
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_o_s * (((costheta_i - (costheta_i * (sintheta_i * (sintheta_o / v)))) * (costheta_o_m / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v))
end function
cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i - Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(sinTheta_i * Float32(sinTheta_O / v)))) * Float32(cosTheta_O_m / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v)))
end
cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O);
cosTheta_O\_s = sign(cosTheta_O) * abs(1.0);
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_O_s * (((cosTheta_i - (cosTheta_i * (sinTheta_i * (sinTheta_O / v)))) * (cosTheta_O_m / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v));
end
\begin{array}{l}
cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
\\
cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
\\
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{\left(cosTheta\_i - cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.5%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    9. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    10. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    11. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    12. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_i\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    13. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_i\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    14. lower-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    15. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    16. lower-/.f3298.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i + -1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Applied rewrites98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i - cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 5: 98.5% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{\left(1 - \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\_m}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
    cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
    cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
    NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
    (FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
     :precision binary32
     (*
      cosTheta_O_s
      (/
       (*
        (- 1.0 (/ (* sinTheta_O sinTheta_i) v))
        (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m) v))
       (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v))))
    cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
    cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
    assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
    float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
    	return cosTheta_O_s * (((1.0f - ((sinTheta_O * sinTheta_i) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O_m) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v));
    }
    
    cosTheta_O\_m =     private
    cosTheta_O\_s =     private
    NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
    module fmin_fmax_functions
        implicit none
        private
        public fmax
        public fmin
    
        interface fmax
            module procedure fmax88
            module procedure fmax44
            module procedure fmax84
            module procedure fmax48
        end interface
        interface fmin
            module procedure fmin88
            module procedure fmin44
            module procedure fmin84
            module procedure fmin48
        end interface
    contains
        real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
            real(4), intent (in) :: x
            real(4), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(4), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
            real(4), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
            real(4), intent (in) :: x
            real(4), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(4), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
        real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
            real(4), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
        end function
    end module
    
    real(4) function code(costheta_o_s, costheta_i, costheta_o_m, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    use fmin_fmax_functions
        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_s
        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_m
        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
        real(4), intent (in) :: v
        code = costheta_o_s * (((1.0e0 - ((sintheta_o * sintheta_i) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o_m) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v))
    end function
    
    cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
    cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
    cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
    function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(Float32(sinTheta_O * sinTheta_i) / v)) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O_m) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v)))
    end
    
    cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O);
    cosTheta_O\_s = sign(cosTheta_O) * abs(1.0);
    cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
    function tmp = code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	tmp = cosTheta_O_s * (((single(1.0) - ((sinTheta_O * sinTheta_i) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O_m) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
    \\
    cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
    \\
    [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
    \\
    cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{\left(1 - \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\_m}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.5%

      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites98.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 6: 98.5% accurate, 1.7× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}\right) \end{array} \]
      cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
      cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
      NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      (FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
       :precision binary32
       (*
        cosTheta_O_s
        (*
         (* (/ cosTheta_O_m v) cosTheta_i)
         (/ (/ 1.0 v) (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0)))))
      cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
      cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
      assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
      float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
      	return cosTheta_O_s * (((cosTheta_O_m / v) * cosTheta_i) * ((1.0f / v) / (sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f)));
      }
      
      cosTheta_O\_m =     private
      cosTheta_O\_s =     private
      NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      module fmin_fmax_functions
          implicit none
          private
          public fmax
          public fmin
      
          interface fmax
              module procedure fmax88
              module procedure fmax44
              module procedure fmax84
              module procedure fmax48
          end interface
          interface fmin
              module procedure fmin88
              module procedure fmin44
              module procedure fmin84
              module procedure fmin48
          end interface
      contains
          real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
              real(8), intent (in) :: x
              real(8), intent (in) :: y
              res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
          end function
          real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
              real(4), intent (in) :: x
              real(4), intent (in) :: y
              res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
          end function
          real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
              real(8), intent (in) :: x
              real(4), intent (in) :: y
              res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
          end function
          real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
              real(4), intent (in) :: x
              real(8), intent (in) :: y
              res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
          end function
          real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
              real(8), intent (in) :: x
              real(8), intent (in) :: y
              res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
          end function
          real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
              real(4), intent (in) :: x
              real(4), intent (in) :: y
              res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
          end function
          real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
              real(8), intent (in) :: x
              real(4), intent (in) :: y
              res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
          end function
          real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
              real(4), intent (in) :: x
              real(8), intent (in) :: y
              res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
          end function
      end module
      
      real(4) function code(costheta_o_s, costheta_i, costheta_o_m, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
      use fmin_fmax_functions
          real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_s
          real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
          real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_m
          real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
          real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
          real(4), intent (in) :: v
          code = costheta_o_s * (((costheta_o_m / v) * costheta_i) * ((1.0e0 / v) / (sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0)))
      end function
      
      cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
      cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
      cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
      function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
      	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O_m / v) * cosTheta_i) * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v) / Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)))))
      end
      
      cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O);
      cosTheta_O\_s = sign(cosTheta_O) * abs(1.0);
      cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
      function tmp = code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
      	tmp = cosTheta_O_s * (((cosTheta_O_m / v) * cosTheta_i) * ((single(1.0) / v) / (sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0))));
      end
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
      \\
      cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
      \\
      [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
      \\
      cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \left(\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}\right)
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 98.5%

        \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        2. lift-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        3. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        4. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        5. associate-*r*N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        6. lower-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        7. lower-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        8. lift-neg.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        9. lift-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        10. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        11. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        12. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_i\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        13. lower-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_i\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        14. lower-neg.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        15. lower-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        16. lower-/.f3298.6

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      4. Applied rewrites98.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
        2. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
        3. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        4. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        5. associate-*l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        6. lift-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        7. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        8. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        9. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        10. lift-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        11. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
        12. frac-timesN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
        13. lift-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v}} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
        14. associate-*r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
      6. Applied rewrites98.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(e^{\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
      7. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{v \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
      8. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites98.4%

          \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites98.4%

            \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{v}}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 7: 76.5% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;v \leq 0.33500000834465027:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\_m}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - 1\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta\_O\_m \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(-v\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.016666666666666666}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.3333333333333333\right)}{v \cdot v} - 2\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
          cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
          cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
          NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
          (FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
           :precision binary32
           (*
            cosTheta_O_s
            (if (<= v 0.33500000834465027)
              (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m) (* (* v v) (- (exp (/ 1.0 v)) 1.0)))
              (/
               (* cosTheta_O_m cosTheta_i)
               (*
                (- v)
                (-
                 (/
                  (fma (/ 0.016666666666666666 (* v v)) -1.0 -0.3333333333333333)
                  (* v v))
                 2.0))))))
          cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
          cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
          assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
          float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
          	float tmp;
          	if (v <= 0.33500000834465027f) {
          		tmp = (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O_m) / ((v * v) * (expf((1.0f / v)) - 1.0f));
          	} else {
          		tmp = (cosTheta_O_m * cosTheta_i) / (-v * ((fmaf((0.016666666666666666f / (v * v)), -1.0f, -0.3333333333333333f) / (v * v)) - 2.0f));
          	}
          	return cosTheta_O_s * tmp;
          }
          
          cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
          cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
          cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
          function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
          	tmp = Float32(0.0)
          	if (v <= Float32(0.33500000834465027))
          		tmp = Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O_m) / Float32(Float32(v * v) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) - Float32(1.0))));
          	else
          		tmp = Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O_m * cosTheta_i) / Float32(Float32(-v) * Float32(Float32(fma(Float32(Float32(0.016666666666666666) / Float32(v * v)), Float32(-1.0), Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / Float32(v * v)) - Float32(2.0))));
          	end
          	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * tmp)
          end
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
          \\
          cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
          \\
          [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
          \\
          cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l}
          \mathbf{if}\;v \leq 0.33500000834465027:\\
          \;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\_m}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - 1\right)}\\
          
          \mathbf{else}:\\
          \;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta\_O\_m \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(-v\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.016666666666666666}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.3333333333333333\right)}{v \cdot v} - 2\right)}\\
          
          
          \end{array}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Split input into 2 regimes
          2. if v < 0.335000008

            1. Initial program 98.2%

              \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites97.8%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot v} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
              2. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot v} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}\right)} \]
              3. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites71.0%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot v} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}\right)} \]
                2. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites71.0%

                    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \left(1 - \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
                  2. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - 1\right)} \]
                  3. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites75.0%

                      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - 1\right)} \]

                    if 0.335000008 < v

                    1. Initial program 98.7%

                      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites98.7%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot v} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
                      2. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites98.5%

                          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
                        2. Taylor expanded in v around -inf

                          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 2\right)\right)}} \]
                        3. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites77.9%

                            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(-v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.016666666666666666}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.3333333333333333\right)}{v \cdot v} - 2\right)}} \]
                        4. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                        5. Add Preprocessing

                        Alternative 8: 98.3% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

                        \[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{\left(\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \end{array} \]
                        cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
                        cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
                        NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                        (FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                         :precision binary32
                         (*
                          cosTheta_O_s
                          (* cosTheta_i (/ cosTheta_O_m (* (* (* v v) 2.0) (sinh (/ 1.0 v)))))))
                        cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
                        cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
                        assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
                        float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
                        	return cosTheta_O_s * (cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O_m / (((v * v) * 2.0f) * sinhf((1.0f / v)))));
                        }
                        
                        cosTheta_O\_m =     private
                        cosTheta_O\_s =     private
                        NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                        module fmin_fmax_functions
                            implicit none
                            private
                            public fmax
                            public fmin
                        
                            interface fmax
                                module procedure fmax88
                                module procedure fmax44
                                module procedure fmax84
                                module procedure fmax48
                            end interface
                            interface fmin
                                module procedure fmin88
                                module procedure fmin44
                                module procedure fmin84
                                module procedure fmin48
                            end interface
                        contains
                            real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                            end function
                            real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                            end function
                            real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                            end function
                            real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                            end function
                            real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                            end function
                            real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                            end function
                            real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                            end function
                            real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                            end function
                        end module
                        
                        real(4) function code(costheta_o_s, costheta_i, costheta_o_m, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
                        use fmin_fmax_functions
                            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_s
                            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_m
                            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                            real(4), intent (in) :: v
                            code = costheta_o_s * (costheta_i * (costheta_o_m / (((v * v) * 2.0e0) * sinh((1.0e0 / v)))))
                        end function
                        
                        cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
                        cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
                        cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
                        function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                        	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(cosTheta_O_m / Float32(Float32(Float32(v * v) * Float32(2.0)) * sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v))))))
                        end
                        
                        cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O);
                        cosTheta_O\_s = sign(cosTheta_O) * abs(1.0);
                        cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
                        function tmp = code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                        	tmp = cosTheta_O_s * (cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O_m / (((v * v) * single(2.0)) * sinh((single(1.0) / v)))));
                        end
                        
                        \begin{array}{l}
                        cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
                        \\
                        cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
                        \\
                        [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
                        \\
                        cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{\left(\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)
                        \end{array}
                        
                        Derivation
                        1. Initial program 98.5%

                          \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
                        2. Add Preprocessing
                        3. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites98.3%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot v} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
                          2. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. Applied rewrites98.3%

                              \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
                            2. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. Applied rewrites98.3%

                                \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{\left(\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
                              2. Add Preprocessing

                              Alternative 9: 70.1% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

                              \[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O\_m \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(-v\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.016666666666666666}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.3333333333333333\right)}{v \cdot v} - 2\right)} \end{array} \]
                              cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
                              cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
                              NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                              (FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                               :precision binary32
                               (*
                                cosTheta_O_s
                                (/
                                 (* cosTheta_O_m cosTheta_i)
                                 (*
                                  (- v)
                                  (-
                                   (/
                                    (fma (/ 0.016666666666666666 (* v v)) -1.0 -0.3333333333333333)
                                    (* v v))
                                   2.0)))))
                              cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
                              cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
                              assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
                              float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
                              	return cosTheta_O_s * ((cosTheta_O_m * cosTheta_i) / (-v * ((fmaf((0.016666666666666666f / (v * v)), -1.0f, -0.3333333333333333f) / (v * v)) - 2.0f)));
                              }
                              
                              cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
                              cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
                              cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
                              function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                              	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O_m * cosTheta_i) / Float32(Float32(-v) * Float32(Float32(fma(Float32(Float32(0.016666666666666666) / Float32(v * v)), Float32(-1.0), Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / Float32(v * v)) - Float32(2.0)))))
                              end
                              
                              \begin{array}{l}
                              cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
                              \\
                              cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
                              \\
                              [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
                              \\
                              cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O\_m \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(-v\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.016666666666666666}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.3333333333333333\right)}{v \cdot v} - 2\right)}
                              \end{array}
                              
                              Derivation
                              1. Initial program 98.5%

                                \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
                              2. Add Preprocessing
                              3. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
                              4. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. Applied rewrites98.3%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot v} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
                                2. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. Applied rewrites98.3%

                                    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
                                  2. Taylor expanded in v around -inf

                                    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 2\right)\right)}} \]
                                  3. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. Applied rewrites70.0%

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(-v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.016666666666666666}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.3333333333333333\right)}{v \cdot v} - 2\right)}} \]
                                    2. Add Preprocessing

                                    Alternative 10: 64.1% accurate, 4.3× speedup?

                                    \[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{v \cdot v} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\frac{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2}{v}} \end{array} \]
                                    cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
                                    cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
                                    NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                    (FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                                     :precision binary32
                                     (*
                                      cosTheta_O_s
                                      (/
                                       (* (/ cosTheta_O_m (* v v)) cosTheta_i)
                                       (/ (+ (/ 0.3333333333333333 (* v v)) 2.0) v))))
                                    cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
                                    cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
                                    assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
                                    float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
                                    	return cosTheta_O_s * (((cosTheta_O_m / (v * v)) * cosTheta_i) / (((0.3333333333333333f / (v * v)) + 2.0f) / v));
                                    }
                                    
                                    cosTheta_O\_m =     private
                                    cosTheta_O\_s =     private
                                    NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                    module fmin_fmax_functions
                                        implicit none
                                        private
                                        public fmax
                                        public fmin
                                    
                                        interface fmax
                                            module procedure fmax88
                                            module procedure fmax44
                                            module procedure fmax84
                                            module procedure fmax48
                                        end interface
                                        interface fmin
                                            module procedure fmin88
                                            module procedure fmin44
                                            module procedure fmin84
                                            module procedure fmin48
                                        end interface
                                    contains
                                        real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                            res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                        end function
                                        real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                            res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                        end function
                                        real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                            res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                        end function
                                        real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                            res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                        end function
                                        real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                            res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                        end function
                                        real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                            res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                        end function
                                        real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                            res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                        end function
                                        real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                            res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                        end function
                                    end module
                                    
                                    real(4) function code(costheta_o_s, costheta_i, costheta_o_m, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
                                    use fmin_fmax_functions
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_s
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_m
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                                        real(4), intent (in) :: v
                                        code = costheta_o_s * (((costheta_o_m / (v * v)) * costheta_i) / (((0.3333333333333333e0 / (v * v)) + 2.0e0) / v))
                                    end function
                                    
                                    cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
                                    cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
                                    cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
                                    function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                                    	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O_m / Float32(v * v)) * cosTheta_i) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / Float32(v * v)) + Float32(2.0)) / v)))
                                    end
                                    
                                    cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O);
                                    cosTheta_O\_s = sign(cosTheta_O) * abs(1.0);
                                    cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
                                    function tmp = code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                                    	tmp = cosTheta_O_s * (((cosTheta_O_m / (v * v)) * cosTheta_i) / (((single(0.3333333333333333) / (v * v)) + single(2.0)) / v));
                                    end
                                    
                                    \begin{array}{l}
                                    cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
                                    \\
                                    cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
                                    \\
                                    [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
                                    \\
                                    cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O\_m}{v \cdot v} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\frac{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2}{v}}
                                    \end{array}
                                    
                                    Derivation
                                    1. Initial program 98.5%

                                      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
                                    2. Add Preprocessing
                                    3. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
                                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                                      1. Applied rewrites98.3%

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot v} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
                                      2. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                                        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot v} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\frac{2 + \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{\color{blue}{v}}} \]
                                      3. Step-by-step derivation
                                        1. Applied rewrites63.4%

                                          \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot v} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\frac{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2}{\color{blue}{v}}} \]
                                        2. Add Preprocessing

                                        Alternative 11: 64.1% accurate, 6.6× speedup?

                                        \[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O\_m \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
                                        cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
                                        cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
                                        NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                        (FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                                         :precision binary32
                                         (*
                                          cosTheta_O_s
                                          (/
                                           (* cosTheta_O_m cosTheta_i)
                                           (* (+ (/ 0.3333333333333333 (* v v)) 2.0) v))))
                                        cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
                                        cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
                                        assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
                                        float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
                                        	return cosTheta_O_s * ((cosTheta_O_m * cosTheta_i) / (((0.3333333333333333f / (v * v)) + 2.0f) * v));
                                        }
                                        
                                        cosTheta_O\_m =     private
                                        cosTheta_O\_s =     private
                                        NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                        module fmin_fmax_functions
                                            implicit none
                                            private
                                            public fmax
                                            public fmin
                                        
                                            interface fmax
                                                module procedure fmax88
                                                module procedure fmax44
                                                module procedure fmax84
                                                module procedure fmax48
                                            end interface
                                            interface fmin
                                                module procedure fmin88
                                                module procedure fmin44
                                                module procedure fmin84
                                                module procedure fmin48
                                            end interface
                                        contains
                                            real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                            real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                            end function
                                        end module
                                        
                                        real(4) function code(costheta_o_s, costheta_i, costheta_o_m, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
                                        use fmin_fmax_functions
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_s
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_m
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                                            real(4), intent (in) :: v
                                            code = costheta_o_s * ((costheta_o_m * costheta_i) / (((0.3333333333333333e0 / (v * v)) + 2.0e0) * v))
                                        end function
                                        
                                        cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
                                        cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
                                        cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
                                        function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                                        	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O_m * cosTheta_i) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / Float32(v * v)) + Float32(2.0)) * v)))
                                        end
                                        
                                        cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O);
                                        cosTheta_O\_s = sign(cosTheta_O) * abs(1.0);
                                        cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
                                        function tmp = code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                                        	tmp = cosTheta_O_s * ((cosTheta_O_m * cosTheta_i) / (((single(0.3333333333333333) / (v * v)) + single(2.0)) * v));
                                        end
                                        
                                        \begin{array}{l}
                                        cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
                                        \\
                                        cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
                                        \\
                                        [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
                                        \\
                                        cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O\_m \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2\right) \cdot v}
                                        \end{array}
                                        
                                        Derivation
                                        1. Initial program 98.5%

                                          \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
                                        2. Add Preprocessing
                                        3. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
                                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                                          1. Applied rewrites98.3%

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v \cdot v} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
                                          2. Step-by-step derivation
                                            1. Applied rewrites98.3%

                                              \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
                                            2. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                                              \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 + \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right)}} \]
                                            3. Step-by-step derivation
                                              1. Applied rewrites63.4%

                                                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{v}} \]
                                              2. Add Preprocessing

                                              Alternative 12: 58.5% accurate, 12.4× speedup?

                                              \[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O\_m \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot 0.5}{v} \end{array} \]
                                              cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
                                              cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
                                              NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                              (FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                                               :precision binary32
                                               (* cosTheta_O_s (/ (* (* cosTheta_O_m cosTheta_i) 0.5) v)))
                                              cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
                                              cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
                                              assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
                                              float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
                                              	return cosTheta_O_s * (((cosTheta_O_m * cosTheta_i) * 0.5f) / v);
                                              }
                                              
                                              cosTheta_O\_m =     private
                                              cosTheta_O\_s =     private
                                              NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                              module fmin_fmax_functions
                                                  implicit none
                                                  private
                                                  public fmax
                                                  public fmin
                                              
                                                  interface fmax
                                                      module procedure fmax88
                                                      module procedure fmax44
                                                      module procedure fmax84
                                                      module procedure fmax48
                                                  end interface
                                                  interface fmin
                                                      module procedure fmin88
                                                      module procedure fmin44
                                                      module procedure fmin84
                                                      module procedure fmin48
                                                  end interface
                                              contains
                                                  real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                      res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                  end function
                                                  real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                      res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                  end function
                                                  real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                      res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                  end function
                                                  real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                      res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                  end function
                                                  real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                      res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                  end function
                                                  real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                      res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                  end function
                                                  real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                      res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                  end function
                                                  real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                      res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                  end function
                                              end module
                                              
                                              real(4) function code(costheta_o_s, costheta_i, costheta_o_m, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
                                              use fmin_fmax_functions
                                                  real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_s
                                                  real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                                                  real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_m
                                                  real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                                                  real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                                                  real(4), intent (in) :: v
                                                  code = costheta_o_s * (((costheta_o_m * costheta_i) * 0.5e0) / v)
                                              end function
                                              
                                              cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
                                              cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
                                              cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
                                              function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                                              	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O_m * cosTheta_i) * Float32(0.5)) / v))
                                              end
                                              
                                              cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O);
                                              cosTheta_O\_s = sign(cosTheta_O) * abs(1.0);
                                              cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
                                              function tmp = code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                                              	tmp = cosTheta_O_s * (((cosTheta_O_m * cosTheta_i) * single(0.5)) / v);
                                              end
                                              
                                              \begin{array}{l}
                                              cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
                                              \\
                                              cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
                                              \\
                                              [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
                                              \\
                                              cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O\_m \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot 0.5}{v}
                                              \end{array}
                                              
                                              Derivation
                                              1. Initial program 98.5%

                                                \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
                                              2. Add Preprocessing
                                              3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                                              4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                1. Applied rewrites57.2%

                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                                                2. Step-by-step derivation
                                                  1. Applied rewrites57.2%

                                                    \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot 0.5}{\color{blue}{v}} \]
                                                  2. Add Preprocessing

                                                  Alternative 13: 58.5% accurate, 12.4× speedup?

                                                  \[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_O\_m\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v} \end{array} \]
                                                  cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
                                                  cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
                                                  NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                  (FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                                                   :precision binary32
                                                   (* cosTheta_O_s (/ (* (* 0.5 cosTheta_O_m) cosTheta_i) v)))
                                                  cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
                                                  cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
                                                  assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
                                                  float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
                                                  	return cosTheta_O_s * (((0.5f * cosTheta_O_m) * cosTheta_i) / v);
                                                  }
                                                  
                                                  cosTheta_O\_m =     private
                                                  cosTheta_O\_s =     private
                                                  NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                  module fmin_fmax_functions
                                                      implicit none
                                                      private
                                                      public fmax
                                                      public fmin
                                                  
                                                      interface fmax
                                                          module procedure fmax88
                                                          module procedure fmax44
                                                          module procedure fmax84
                                                          module procedure fmax48
                                                      end interface
                                                      interface fmin
                                                          module procedure fmin88
                                                          module procedure fmin44
                                                          module procedure fmin84
                                                          module procedure fmin48
                                                      end interface
                                                  contains
                                                      real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                                                          real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                          real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                          res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                      end function
                                                      real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                                                          real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                          real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                          res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                      end function
                                                      real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                                                          real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                          real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                          res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                      end function
                                                      real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                                                          real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                          real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                          res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                      end function
                                                      real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                                                          real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                          real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                          res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                      end function
                                                      real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                                                          real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                          real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                          res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                      end function
                                                      real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                                                          real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                          real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                          res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                      end function
                                                      real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                                                          real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                          real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                          res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                      end function
                                                  end module
                                                  
                                                  real(4) function code(costheta_o_s, costheta_i, costheta_o_m, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
                                                  use fmin_fmax_functions
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_s
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_m
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                                                      real(4), intent (in) :: v
                                                      code = costheta_o_s * (((0.5e0 * costheta_o_m) * costheta_i) / v)
                                                  end function
                                                  
                                                  cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
                                                  cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
                                                  cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
                                                  function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                                                  	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) * cosTheta_O_m) * cosTheta_i) / v))
                                                  end
                                                  
                                                  cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O);
                                                  cosTheta_O\_s = sign(cosTheta_O) * abs(1.0);
                                                  cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
                                                  function tmp = code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                                                  	tmp = cosTheta_O_s * (((single(0.5) * cosTheta_O_m) * cosTheta_i) / v);
                                                  end
                                                  
                                                  \begin{array}{l}
                                                  cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
                                                  \\
                                                  cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
                                                  \\
                                                  [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
                                                  \\
                                                  cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_O\_m\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}
                                                  \end{array}
                                                  
                                                  Derivation
                                                  1. Initial program 98.5%

                                                    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
                                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                                  3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                    1. Applied rewrites57.2%

                                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                                                    2. Step-by-step derivation
                                                      1. Applied rewrites57.2%

                                                        \[\leadsto \left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                                                      2. Step-by-step derivation
                                                        1. Applied rewrites57.2%

                                                          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{v}} \]
                                                        2. Add Preprocessing

                                                        Alternative 14: 58.5% accurate, 12.4× speedup?

                                                        \[\begin{array}{l} cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right| \\ cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right) \\ [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O\_m \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}\right) \end{array} \]
                                                        cosTheta_O\_m = (fabs.f32 cosTheta_O)
                                                        cosTheta_O\_s = (copysign.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) cosTheta_O)
                                                        NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                        (FPCore (cosTheta_O_s cosTheta_i cosTheta_O_m sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                                                         :precision binary32
                                                         (* cosTheta_O_s (* 0.5 (/ (* cosTheta_O_m cosTheta_i) v))))
                                                        cosTheta_O\_m = fabs(cosTheta_O);
                                                        cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O);
                                                        assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O_m && cosTheta_O_m < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
                                                        float code(float cosTheta_O_s, float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O_m, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
                                                        	return cosTheta_O_s * (0.5f * ((cosTheta_O_m * cosTheta_i) / v));
                                                        }
                                                        
                                                        cosTheta_O\_m =     private
                                                        cosTheta_O\_s =     private
                                                        NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                        module fmin_fmax_functions
                                                            implicit none
                                                            private
                                                            public fmax
                                                            public fmin
                                                        
                                                            interface fmax
                                                                module procedure fmax88
                                                                module procedure fmax44
                                                                module procedure fmax84
                                                                module procedure fmax48
                                                            end interface
                                                            interface fmin
                                                                module procedure fmin88
                                                                module procedure fmin44
                                                                module procedure fmin84
                                                                module procedure fmin48
                                                            end interface
                                                        contains
                                                            real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                                                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                                res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                            end function
                                                            real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                                                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                                res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                            end function
                                                            real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                                                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                                res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                            end function
                                                            real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                                                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                                res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                            end function
                                                            real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                                                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                                res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                            end function
                                                            real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                                                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                                res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                            end function
                                                            real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                                                                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                                                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                                                res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                            end function
                                                            real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                                                                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                                                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                                                res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                                            end function
                                                        end module
                                                        
                                                        real(4) function code(costheta_o_s, costheta_i, costheta_o_m, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
                                                        use fmin_fmax_functions
                                                            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_s
                                                            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                                                            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o_m
                                                            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                                                            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                                                            real(4), intent (in) :: v
                                                            code = costheta_o_s * (0.5e0 * ((costheta_o_m * costheta_i) / v))
                                                        end function
                                                        
                                                        cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O)
                                                        cosTheta_O\_s = copysign(1.0, cosTheta_O)
                                                        cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
                                                        function code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                                                        	return Float32(cosTheta_O_s * Float32(Float32(0.5) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O_m * cosTheta_i) / v)))
                                                        end
                                                        
                                                        cosTheta_O\_m = abs(cosTheta_O);
                                                        cosTheta_O\_s = sign(cosTheta_O) * abs(1.0);
                                                        cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
                                                        function tmp = code(cosTheta_O_s, cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                                                        	tmp = cosTheta_O_s * (single(0.5) * ((cosTheta_O_m * cosTheta_i) / v));
                                                        end
                                                        
                                                        \begin{array}{l}
                                                        cosTheta_O\_m = \left|cosTheta\_O\right|
                                                        \\
                                                        cosTheta_O\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, cosTheta\_O\right)
                                                        \\
                                                        [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O_m, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
                                                        \\
                                                        cosTheta\_O\_s \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O\_m \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)
                                                        \end{array}
                                                        
                                                        Derivation
                                                        1. Initial program 98.5%

                                                          \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
                                                        2. Add Preprocessing
                                                        3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                                                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                          1. Applied rewrites57.2%

                                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                                                          2. Add Preprocessing

                                                          Reproduce

                                                          ?
                                                          herbie shell --seed 2025019 
                                                          (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                                                            :name "HairBSDF, Mp, upper"
                                                            :precision binary32
                                                            :pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_i) (<= cosTheta_i 1.0)) (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_O) (<= cosTheta_O 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_i) (<= sinTheta_i 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_O) (<= sinTheta_O 1.0))) (< 0.1 v)) (<= v 1.5707964))
                                                            (/ (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v)) (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))