VandenBroeck and Keller, Equation (20)

Percentage Accurate: 7.1% → 96.7%
Time: 15.2s
Alternatives: 8
Speedup: 4.6×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\ t_1 := t\_0 \cdot f\\ t_2 := e^{t\_1}\\ t_3 := e^{-t\_1}\\ -\frac{1}{t\_0} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t\_2 + t\_3}{t\_2 - t\_3}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ (PI) 4.0)) (t_1 (* t_0 f)) (t_2 (exp t_1)) (t_3 (exp (- t_1))))
   (- (* (/ 1.0 t_0) (log (/ (+ t_2 t_3) (- t_2 t_3)))))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\
t_1 := t\_0 \cdot f\\
t_2 := e^{t\_1}\\
t_3 := e^{-t\_1}\\
-\frac{1}{t\_0} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t\_2 + t\_3}{t\_2 - t\_3}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 8 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 7.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\ t_1 := t\_0 \cdot f\\ t_2 := e^{t\_1}\\ t_3 := e^{-t\_1}\\ -\frac{1}{t\_0} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t\_2 + t\_3}{t\_2 - t\_3}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ (PI) 4.0)) (t_1 (* t_0 f)) (t_2 (exp t_1)) (t_3 (exp (- t_1))))
   (- (* (/ 1.0 t_0) (log (/ (+ t_2 t_3) (- t_2 t_3)))))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\\
t_1 := t\_0 \cdot f\\
t_2 := e^{t\_1}\\
t_3 := e^{-t\_1}\\
-\frac{1}{t\_0} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t\_2 + t\_3}{t\_2 - t\_3}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 96.7% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\\ \frac{-1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \left(\log \left(\cosh t\_0 \cdot 2\right) - \log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh t\_0\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ (PI) -4.0) f)))
   (*
    (/ -1.0 (/ (PI) 4.0))
    (- (log (* (cosh t_0) 2.0)) (log (* -2.0 (sinh t_0)))))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\\
\frac{-1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \left(\log \left(\cosh t\_0 \cdot 2\right) - \log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh t\_0\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 7.2%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-log.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)} \]
    2. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)} \]
    3. log-divN/A

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}\right) - \log \left(e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}\right)\right)} \]
    4. lower--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}\right) - \log \left(e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.4%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right) \cdot 2\right) - \log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)\right)\right)} \]
  5. Final simplification97.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \left(\log \left(\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right) \cdot 2\right) - \log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)\right)\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 96.7% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\\ -4 \cdot \left(\frac{\log \left(\cosh t\_0 \cdot 2\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} - \frac{\log \left(\sinh t\_0 \cdot -2\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* f (/ (PI) -4.0))))
   (*
    -4.0
    (- (/ (log (* (cosh t_0) 2.0)) (PI)) (/ (log (* (sinh t_0) -2.0)) (PI))))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\\
-4 \cdot \left(\frac{\log \left(\cosh t\_0 \cdot 2\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} - \frac{\log \left(\sinh t\_0 \cdot -2\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 7.2%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Applied rewrites97.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right) \cdot 2\right)}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}} - \frac{\log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)\right)}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right) \cdot 2\right)}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}} - \frac{\log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)\right)}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}}} \]
    2. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right) \cdot 2\right)}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}}} - \frac{\log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)\right)}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}} \]
    3. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right) \cdot 2\right)}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}}} - \frac{\log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)\right)}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}} \]
    4. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right) \cdot 2\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4} - \frac{\log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)\right)}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}} \]
    5. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right) \cdot 2\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 - \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)\right)}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}}} \]
    6. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right) \cdot 2\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 - \frac{\log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}}} \]
    7. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right) \cdot 2\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 - \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4} \]
    8. distribute-rgt-out--N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(\frac{\log \left(\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right) \cdot 2\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} - \frac{\log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)} \]
    9. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(\frac{\log \left(\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right) \cdot 2\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} - \frac{\log \left(-2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Applied rewrites97.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(\frac{\log \left(\cosh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right) \cdot 2\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} - \frac{\log \left(\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4}\right) \cdot -2\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 96.9% accurate, 1.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (/ (log (/ (cosh (* (/ (PI) -4.0) f)) (sinh (* f (/ (PI) 4.0))))) (PI))
  -4.0))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 7.2%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-neg.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right)}\right) \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}}\right) \]
    4. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}}\right) \]
    5. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}}\right) \]
    6. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot 4\right)}\right) \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{-4} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot -4} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 96.1% accurate, 2.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, \log \left(\frac{2}{0.5 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) - \log f, \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.08333333333333333\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot f\right) \cdot f\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (-
  (/
   (fma
    4.0
    (- (log (/ 2.0 (* 0.5 (PI)))) (log f))
    (* (* (* (* (PI) 0.08333333333333333) (PI)) f) f))
   (PI))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, \log \left(\frac{2}{0.5 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) - \log f, \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.08333333333333333\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot f\right) \cdot f\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 7.2%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in f around 0

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\left(4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{2}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + f \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{f \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot \left({\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + \left(\frac{1}{16} \cdot \frac{{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} - 2 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{384} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3} - \frac{-1}{384} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}}{{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + 2 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.2%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, \log \left(\frac{2}{0.5 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) - \log f, \left(\left(2 \cdot f\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.005208333333333333, -2, \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.0625\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot f\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in f around 0

    \[\leadsto -\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, \log \left(\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) - \log f, \left(f \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{24} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{1}{8} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot f\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Applied rewrites97.2%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, \log \left(\frac{2}{0.5 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) - \log f, \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.08333333333333333\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot f\right) \cdot f\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 5: 96.1% accurate, 3.5× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ -\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right), 4, \left(f \cdot \left(2 \cdot f\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), -0.041666666666666664, 0.125 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (f)
     :precision binary64
     (-
      (/
       (fma
        (log (/ (/ 4.0 (PI)) f))
        4.0
        (*
         (* f (* 2.0 f))
         (* (* (fma (PI) -0.041666666666666664 (* 0.125 (PI))) (PI)) 0.5)))
       (PI))))
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    -\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right), 4, \left(f \cdot \left(2 \cdot f\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), -0.041666666666666664, 0.125 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 7.2%

      \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in f around 0

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\left(4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{2}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + f \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{f \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot \left({\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + \left(\frac{1}{16} \cdot \frac{{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} - 2 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{384} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3} - \frac{-1}{384} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}}{{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + 2 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites97.2%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, \log \left(\frac{2}{0.5 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) - \log f, \left(\left(2 \cdot f\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.005208333333333333, -2, \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.0625\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot f\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites96.2%

        \[\leadsto -\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(4, \log \left(\frac{2}{0.5 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) - \log f, \left(\left(2 \cdot f\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.005208333333333333, -2, \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.0625\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot f\right)}{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}} \]
      2. Applied rewrites96.7%

        \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right), 4, \left(f \cdot \left(2 \cdot f\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), -0.041666666666666664, 0.125 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
      3. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 6: 96.0% accurate, 4.0× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(f \cdot f\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), 0.08333333333333333, \frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}{f}\right) \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (f)
       :precision binary64
       (*
        (/ -4.0 (PI))
        (log (/ (fma (* (* f f) (PI)) 0.08333333333333333 (/ 4.0 (PI))) f))))
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(f \cdot f\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), 0.08333333333333333, \frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}{f}\right)
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 7.2%

        \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in f around 0

        \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{f \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot f}}\right) \]
        2. associate-/r*N/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
        3. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot 1}}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right) \]
        4. associate-*r/N/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
        5. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
        6. associate-*r/N/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot 1}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
        7. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{2}}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right) \]
        8. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
        9. distribute-rgt-out--N/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} - \frac{-1}{4}\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
        10. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}}{f}\right) \]
        11. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
        12. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
        13. lower-PI.f6496.0

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
      5. Applied rewrites96.0%

        \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{2}{0.5 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-neg.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)\right)} \]
        2. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)}\right) \]
        3. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}\right)\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
        4. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}\right)\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
      7. Applied rewrites96.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
      8. Taylor expanded in f around 0

        \[\leadsto \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{f \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + f \cdot \left(\frac{1}{16} \cdot \frac{{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} - 2 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{384} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3} - \frac{-1}{384} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}}{{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
      9. Applied rewrites96.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3} \cdot \frac{0.005208333333333333}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 0.25}, -2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot 0.125\right), f, 0\right), f, \frac{2}{0.5 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}{f}\right)} \]
      10. Taylor expanded in f around 0

        \[\leadsto \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{{f}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{24} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{1}{8} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + 4 \cdot \frac{1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{f}}\right) \]
      11. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites96.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(f \cdot f\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), 0.08333333333333333, \frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}{\color{blue}{f}}\right) \]
        2. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 7: 95.5% accurate, 4.6× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot f}\right) \cdot -4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (/ (* (log (/ 4.0 (* (PI) f))) -4.0) (PI)))
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot f}\right) \cdot -4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 7.2%

          \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in f around 0

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{f \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot f}}\right) \]
          2. associate-/r*N/A

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
          3. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot 1}}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right) \]
          4. associate-*r/N/A

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
          5. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
          6. associate-*r/N/A

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot 1}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
          7. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{2}}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right) \]
          8. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
          9. distribute-rgt-out--N/A

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} - \frac{-1}{4}\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
          10. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}}{f}\right) \]
          11. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
          12. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
          13. lower-PI.f6496.0

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
        5. Applied rewrites96.0%

          \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{2}{0.5 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-neg.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)\right)} \]
          2. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)}\right) \]
          3. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}\right)\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
          4. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}\right)\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
        7. Applied rewrites96.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
        8. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites96.0%

            \[\leadsto \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{\color{blue}{f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right) \]
          2. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)} \]
            2. lift-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \]
            3. associate-*l/N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
          3. Applied rewrites96.1%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot f}\right) \cdot -4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
          4. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 8: 95.4% accurate, 4.6× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (* (/ -4.0 (PI)) (log (/ 4.0 (* f (PI))))))
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Initial program 7.2%

            \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in f around 0

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{f \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot f}}\right) \]
            2. associate-/r*N/A

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
            3. metadata-evalN/A

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot 1}}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right) \]
            4. associate-*r/N/A

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
            5. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
            6. associate-*r/N/A

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot 1}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
            7. metadata-evalN/A

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{2}}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right) \]
            8. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \frac{-1}{4} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
            9. distribute-rgt-out--N/A

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{4} - \frac{-1}{4}\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
            10. metadata-evalN/A

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}}{f}\right) \]
            11. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
            12. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
            13. lower-PI.f6496.0

              \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
          5. Applied rewrites96.0%

            \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{2}{0.5 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-neg.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)\right)} \]
            2. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)}\right) \]
            3. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}\right)\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
            4. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{4}}\right)\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
          7. Applied rewrites96.0%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{f}\right)} \]
          8. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites96.0%

              \[\leadsto \frac{-4}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{\color{blue}{f \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right) \]
            2. Add Preprocessing

            Reproduce

            ?
            herbie shell --seed 2025006 
            (FPCore (f)
              :name "VandenBroeck and Keller, Equation (20)"
              :precision binary64
              (- (* (/ 1.0 (/ (PI) 4.0)) (log (/ (+ (exp (* (/ (PI) 4.0) f)) (exp (- (* (/ (PI) 4.0) f)))) (- (exp (* (/ (PI) 4.0) f)) (exp (- (* (/ (PI) 4.0) f)))))))))