ab-angle->ABCF C

Percentage Accurate: 79.5% → 79.5%

Time: 10.0s

Alternatives: 7

Speedup: 1.9×

• 36.2% of points produce a very large (infinite) output. You may want to add a precondition.

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\\ {\left(a \cdot \cos t\_0\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin t\_0\right)}^{2} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) (/ angle 180.0))))
   (+ (pow (* a (cos t_0)) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin t_0)) 2.0))))

Initial Program: 79.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\\ {\left(a \cdot \cos t\_0\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin t\_0\right)}^{2} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) (/ angle 180.0))))
   (+ (pow (* a (cos t_0)) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin t_0)) 2.0))))

Alternative 1: 79.5% accurate, 1.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (* a a) (pow (* b (sin (* angle (/ (PI) 180.0)))) 2.0)))

Derivation

1. Initial program 80.1%

   \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

   \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

5. Applied rewrites 80.4%

   \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}^{2} \]

   3. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\frac{angle}{180}} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \]

   4. associate-*l/ N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]

   5. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]

   6. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]

   7. lower-/.f64 80.4

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

7. Applied rewrites 80.4%

   \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2}} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

   2. unpow2 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot 1\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot 1\right)} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

   3. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a \cdot 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot 1\right)} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(a \cdot 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot a\right)} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

   5. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a \cdot 1\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

   6. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a \cdot 1\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

   7. lower-*.f64 80.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a \cdot 1\right) \cdot 1\right)} \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

   8. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot 1\right)} \cdot 1\right) \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

   9. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot a\right)} \cdot 1\right) \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

   10. lower-*.f64 80.4

       \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot a\right)} \cdot 1\right) \cdot a + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

9. Applied rewrites 80.4%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 \cdot a\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

10. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
11. Step-by-step derivation

    1. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

    2. lower-*.f64 80.4

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

12. Applied rewrites 80.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 66.8% accurate, 1.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{-63}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;{\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(\left(\left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 8.4e-63)
   (* a a)
   (+
    (pow (* a 1.0) 2.0)
    (pow (* (* (* b (PI)) 0.005555555555555556) angle) 2.0))))

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if b < 8.4e-63

   1. Initial program 80.9%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 64.5

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 64.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

   if 8.4e-63 < b

   1. Initial program 77.7%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

   5. Applied rewrites 77.7%

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)}^{2} \]

      3. lift-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\frac{angle}{180}} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \]

      4. associate-*l/ N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\frac{angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]

      5. associate-/l* N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]

      6. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]

      7. lower-/.f64 77.7

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(angle \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}}\right)\right)}^{2} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 77.7%

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(angle \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{180}\right)}\right)}^{2} \]

   8. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}}^{2} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot angle\right)}\right)}^{2} \]

      2. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot angle\right)}}^{2} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot angle\right)}}^{2} \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)} \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \]

      5. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)} \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \]

      6. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \]

      7. lower-PI.f64 72.8

         \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\left(\left(\left(b \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \]

   10. Applied rewrites 72.8%

       \[\leadsto {\left(a \cdot 1\right)}^{2} + {\color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(b \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right)}}^{2} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 64.0% accurate, 3.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{-63}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 8.6 \cdot 10^{+145}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b, angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left({\left(b \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 8.4e-63)
   (* a a)
   (if (<= b 8.6e+145)
     (fma
      (* (* (* (* (PI) (PI)) 3.08641975308642e-5) b) b)
      (* angle angle)
      (* a a))
     (* (* (* (pow (* b angle) 2.0) 3.08641975308642e-5) (PI)) (PI)))))

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if b < 8.4e-63

   1. Initial program 80.9%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 64.5

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 64.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

   if 8.4e-63 < b < 8.59999999999999996e145

   1. Initial program 63.2%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 43.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(-3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a - b \cdot b\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), \color{blue}{angle} \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right) \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 55.4%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b, \color{blue}{angle} \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right) \]

   if 8.59999999999999996e145 < b

   1. Initial program 96.9%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 57.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(-3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a - b \cdot b\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 85.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

   10. Applied rewrites 88.9%

       \[\leadsto \left(\left({\left(b \cdot angle\right)}^{2} \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 63.9% accurate, 9.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 8.4 \cdot 10^{-63}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{+153}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(t\_0 \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b, angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) (PI))))
   (if (<= b 8.4e-63)
     (* a a)
     (if (<= b 2.8e+153)
       (fma (* (* (* t_0 3.08641975308642e-5) b) b) (* angle angle) (* a a))
       (* (* 3.08641975308642e-5 (* (* (* b angle) angle) b)) t_0)))))

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if b < 8.4e-63

   1. Initial program 80.9%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 64.5

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 64.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

   if 8.4e-63 < b < 2.79999999999999985e153

   1. Initial program 64.2%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 42.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(-3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a - b \cdot b\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), \color{blue}{angle} \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right) \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 54.1%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5}\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b, \color{blue}{angle} \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right) \]

   if 2.79999999999999985e153 < b

   1. Initial program 96.9%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 59.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(-3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a - b \cdot b\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 88.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

   10. Applied rewrites 88.4%

       \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 62.0% accurate, 12.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.36 \cdot 10^{+153}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 1.36e+153)
   (* a a)
   (* (* 3.08641975308642e-5 (* (* (* b angle) angle) b)) (* (PI) (PI)))))

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if b < 1.36000000000000008e153

   1. Initial program 78.2%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 61.4

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 61.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

   if 1.36000000000000008e153 < b

   1. Initial program 96.9%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 59.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(-3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a - b \cdot b\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 88.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

   10. Applied rewrites 88.4%

       \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(b \cdot angle\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 60.8% accurate, 12.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 1.36 \cdot 10^{+153}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b angle)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 1.36e+153)
   (* a a)
   (* (* 3.08641975308642e-5 (* (* (* angle angle) b) b)) (* (PI) (PI)))))

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if b < 1.36000000000000008e153

   1. Initial program 78.2%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 61.4

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 61.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

   if 1.36000000000000008e153 < b

   1. Initial program 96.9%

      \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{angle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + {a}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {angle}^{2}} + {a}^{2} \]

      2. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{32400} \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), {angle}^{2}, {a}^{2}\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 59.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(-3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot a - b \cdot b\right), angle \cdot angle, a \cdot a\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{32400} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({angle}^{2} \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 88.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(3.08641975308642 \cdot 10^{-5} \cdot \left(\left(\left(angle \cdot angle\right) \cdot b\right) \cdot b\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 56.5% accurate, 74.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ a \cdot a \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b angle) :precision binary64 (* a a))

C

double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	return a * a;
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(a, b, angle)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: angle
    code = a * a
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double angle) {
	return a * a;
}

Python

def code(a, b, angle):
	return a * a

Julia

function code(a, b, angle)
	return Float64(a * a)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(a, b, angle)
	tmp = a * a;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, angle_] := N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 80.1%

   \[{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \frac{angle}{180}\right)\right)}^{2} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{a}^{2}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. unpow2 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 57.7

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]

5. Applied rewrites 57.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot a} \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2025006 
(FPCore (a b angle)
  :name "ab-angle->ABCF C"
  :precision binary64
  (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (PI) (/ angle 180.0)))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (PI) (/ angle 180.0)))) 2.0)))