UniformSampleCone 2

Percentage Accurate: 98.9% → 98.9%

Time: 17.0s

Alternatives: 17

Speedup: 0.5×

Specification

\[\left(\left(\left(\left(\left(-10000 \leq xi \land xi \leq 10000\right) \land \left(-10000 \leq yi \land yi \leq 10000\right)\right) \land \left(-10000 \leq zi \land zi \leq 10000\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq ux \land ux \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq uy \land uy \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(0 \leq maxCos \land maxCos \leq 1\right)\]

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))))
   (+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))

Initial Program: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))))
   (+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))

Alternative 1: 98.9% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\\ t_1 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - t\_0\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, 0.5, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + t\_0\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - t\_1 \cdot t\_1}\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_1 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (asin (* (* maxCos (- 1.0 ux)) ux)))
        (t_1 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux)))
   (+
    (+
     (*
      (/
       (+
        (sin (- (fma (- uy) (* (PI) 2.0) (/ (PI) 2.0)) t_0))
        (sin (+ (* (fma (/ (PI) uy) 0.5 (* -2.0 (PI))) uy) t_0)))
       2.0)
      xi)
     (* (* (sin (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_1 t_1)))) yi))
    (* t_1 zi))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. lift-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. sin-+PI/2-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. lift-sqrt.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. lift--.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. cos-asin-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \sin^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   9. sin-cos-mult N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2}} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   10. lower-/.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2}} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2}} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Taylor expanded in uy around inf

   \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}\right)} + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}\right) \cdot uy} + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}\right) \cdot uy} + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy} + -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. lower-/.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. lower-PI.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{-2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   9. lower-PI.f32 99.0

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, 0.5, -2 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

7. Applied rewrites 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, 0.5, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy} + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.9% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \cos^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, 0.5, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  (+
   (*
    (/
     (+
      (sin (fma (* -2.0 uy) (PI) (acos (* (* (- 1.0 ux) ux) maxCos))))
      (sin
       (+
        (* (fma (/ (PI) uy) 0.5 (* -2.0 (PI))) uy)
        (asin (* (* maxCos (- 1.0 ux)) ux)))))
     2.0)
    xi)
   (*
    (*
     (sin (* (* uy 2.0) (PI)))
     (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* ux ux) (* maxCos maxCos)))))
    yi))
  (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) zi)))

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. lift-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. sin-+PI/2-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. lift-sqrt.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. lift--.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. cos-asin-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \sin^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   9. sin-cos-mult N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2}} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   10. lower-/.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2}} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2}} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Taylor expanded in uy around inf

   \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}\right)} + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}\right) \cdot uy} + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}\right) \cdot uy} + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy} + -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. lower-/.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. lower-PI.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{-2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   9. lower-PI.f32 99.0

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, 0.5, -2 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

7. Applied rewrites 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, 0.5, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy} + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift--.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2, \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)} + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. lift-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2\right) + \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right)} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. associate--l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(-uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2\right) + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right)} + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\left(-uy\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 2\right)} + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-uy\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2} + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. lift-neg.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(uy\right)\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2 + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-out N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot 2 + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy}\right)\right) \cdot 2 + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   9. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy}\right)\right) \cdot 2 + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   10. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   12. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   13. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   14. lift-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   15. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   16. associate-*r* N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} + \left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2} - \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

9. Applied rewrites 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \cos^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right)} + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, 0.5, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

10. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \cos^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{{maxCos}^{2} \cdot {ux}^{2}}}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
11. Step-by-step derivation

    1. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \cos^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{{ux}^{2} \cdot {maxCos}^{2}}}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

    2. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \cos^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{{ux}^{2} \cdot {maxCos}^{2}}}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

    3. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \cos^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot ux\right)} \cdot {maxCos}^{2}}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

    4. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \cos^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot ux\right)} \cdot {maxCos}^{2}}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

    5. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \cos^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, \frac{1}{2}, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

    6. lower-*.f32 99.0

       \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \cos^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, 0.5, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

12. Applied rewrites 99.0%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot uy, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), \cos^{-1} \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)\right) + \sin \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{uy}, 0.5, -2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy + \sin^{-1} \left(\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right)\right)}{2} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.8% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\\ t_1 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_2 := \sqrt{1 - t\_1 \cdot t\_1}\\ \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot {t\_0}^{2}\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot t\_2\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot t\_2\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_1 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (cbrt (PI)))
        (t_1 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_2 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_1 t_1)))))
   (+
    (+
     (* (* (cos (* (* (* 2.0 uy) (pow t_0 2.0)) t_0)) t_2) xi)
     (* (* (sin (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))) t_2) yi))
    (* t_1 zi))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. lift-PI.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. add-cube-cbrt N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot 2\right)} \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right)} \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right)} \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   10. pow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   11. lower-pow.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   12. lift-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   13. lower-cbrt.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}}^{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   14. lift-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   15. lower-cbrt.f32 98.9

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

4. Applied rewrites 98.9%

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 98.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux)))
   (+
    (+
     (* (* (cos (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0)))) xi)
     (* (sin (* (* (PI) uy) 2.0)) yi))
    (* t_0 zi))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lower-sin.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. lower-PI.f32 98.9

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \sin \left(\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.9%

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 98.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot t\_0\right), xi, \sin \left(t\_0 \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) uy)))
   (+
    (fma (cos (* -2.0 t_0)) xi (* (sin (* t_0 2.0)) yi))
    (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) zi))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   10. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   12. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   13. lower-sin.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   14. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   15. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   16. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   17. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   18. lower-PI.f32 98.8

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \sin \left(\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 98.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot t\_0\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(t\_0 \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) uy)))
   (fma
    (cos (* -2.0 t_0))
    xi
    (fma (sin (* t_0 2.0)) yi (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) zi) ux) maxCos)))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   13. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 95.8% accurate, 1.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot t\_0\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(t\_0 \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(zi \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) uy)))
   (fma
    (cos (* -2.0 t_0))
    xi
    (fma (sin (* t_0 2.0)) yi (* (* zi ux) maxCos)))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)} \]

   5. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   13. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   14. lower-fma.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), yi, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)}\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 96.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(zi \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 94.7% accurate, 1.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\\ t_1 := t\_0 \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.01600000075995922:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(1, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot t\_0\right), xi, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_1, xi, \sin t\_1 \cdot yi\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) uy)) (t_1 (* t_0 2.0)))
   (if (<= uy 0.01600000075995922)
     (*
      (fma
       1.0
       (/ (fma (cos (* -2.0 t_0)) xi (* (* (* (PI) yi) uy) 2.0)) zi)
       (* (* (- 1.0 ux) ux) maxCos))
      zi)
     (fma (cos t_1) xi (* (sin t_1) yi)))))

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if uy < 0.0160000008

   1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in zi around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{zi \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) + \left(\frac{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 97.0%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \]

   9. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

   11. Applied rewrites 97.0%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \]

   if 0.0160000008 < uy

   1. Initial program 97.5%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot xi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, xi, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 22.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, xi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \]

      2. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      3. lower-cos.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      5. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      6. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} \cdot 2\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      7. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} \cdot 2\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      8. lower-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      9. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi}\right) \]

      10. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi}\right) \]

      11. lower-sin.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right) \]

      12. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot yi\right) \]

      13. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot yi\right) \]

      14. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) \]

      15. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) \]

      16. lower-PI.f32 91.9

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \sin \left(\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) \]

   8. Applied rewrites 91.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 94.7% accurate, 1.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.01600000075995922:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(1, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin t\_0, xi \cdot \cos t\_0\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* 2.0 (* uy (PI)))))
   (if (<= uy 0.01600000075995922)
     (*
      (fma
       1.0
       (/ (fma (cos (* -2.0 (* (PI) uy))) xi (* (* (* (PI) yi) uy) 2.0)) zi)
       (* (* (- 1.0 ux) ux) maxCos))
      zi)
     (fma yi (sin t_0) (* xi (cos t_0))))))

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if uy < 0.0160000008

   1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in zi around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{zi \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) + \left(\frac{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 97.0%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \]

   9. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

   11. Applied rewrites 97.0%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \]

   if 0.0160000008 < uy

   1. Initial program 97.5%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot xi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, xi, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 22.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, xi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 20.7%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(zi \cdot ux, \color{blue}{maxCos}, xi\right) \]

   9. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

       1. +-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]

       2. lower-fma.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

       3. lower-sin.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

       4. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

       5. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

       6. lower-PI.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

       7. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

       8. lower-cos.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

       9. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]

       10. lower-*.f32 N/A

           \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

       11. lower-PI.f32 91.8

           \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. Applied rewrites 91.8%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(yi, \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 89.6% accurate, 2.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(1, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (fma
   1.0
   (/ (fma (cos (* -2.0 (* (PI) uy))) xi (* (* (* (PI) yi) uy) 2.0)) zi)
   (* (* (- 1.0 ux) ux) maxCos))
  zi))

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in zi around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{zi \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) + \left(\frac{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)} \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi} \]

6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 91.1%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \]

9. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \]
10. Step-by-step derivation

11. Applied rewrites 91.1%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \]
12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 85.2% accurate, 5.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot ux, 1 - ux, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot xi\right) \cdot uy\right), uy, xi\right)}{zi}\right) \cdot zi \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (fma
   (* maxCos ux)
   (- 1.0 ux)
   (/ (fma (* 2.0 (- (* yi (PI)) (* (* (* (PI) (PI)) xi) uy))) uy xi) zi))
  zi))

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in zi around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{zi \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) + \left(\frac{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + \frac{yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)} \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right)}{zi}, \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi} \]

6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) + \left(uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(\frac{uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + 2 \cdot \left(\frac{yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right) + \frac{xi}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot zi \]

8. Applied rewrites 85.9%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot maxCos, 1 - ux, \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot \frac{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot xi\right) \cdot uy}{zi}, \sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, \left(2 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi}{zi}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}\right), uy, \frac{xi}{zi} \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}\right)\right) \cdot zi \]

9. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot maxCos, 1 - ux, uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \frac{uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)}{zi} + 2 \cdot \frac{yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{zi}\right) + \frac{xi}{zi}\right) \cdot zi \]
10. Step-by-step derivation

11. Applied rewrites 85.9%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot maxCos, 1 - ux, \mathsf{fma}\left(uy, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot yi, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), -2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)}{zi}, \frac{xi}{zi}\right)\right) \cdot zi \]

13. Applied rewrites 86.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot ux, 1 - ux, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) - \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot xi\right) \cdot uy\right), uy, xi\right)}{zi}\right) \cdot zi} \]
14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 81.5% accurate, 9.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(2, uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (+ (fma 2.0 (* uy (* yi (PI))) xi) (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) zi)))

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. distribute-rgt-out N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 82.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(2, \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy, xi\right)} + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(xi + \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 82.8%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(2, \color{blue}{uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}, xi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 50.9% accurate, 14.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(1, xi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (fma 1.0 xi (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) zi) ux) maxCos)))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return fmaf(1.0f, xi, ((((1.0f - ux) * zi) * ux) * maxCos));
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return fma(Float32(1.0), xi, Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi) * ux) * maxCos))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot xi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

   3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, xi, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

5. Applied rewrites 51.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, xi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1, xi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 51.8%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1, xi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 51.0% accurate, 17.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot maxCos, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi, xi\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (fma (* ux maxCos) (* (- 1.0 ux) zi) xi))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return fmaf((ux * maxCos), ((1.0f - ux) * zi), xi);
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return fma(Float32(ux * maxCos), Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * zi), xi)
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot xi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

   3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, xi, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

5. Applied rewrites 51.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, xi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 51.8%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot maxCos, \color{blue}{\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi}, xi\right) \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 15: 48.9% accurate, 29.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot maxCos, zi, xi\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos) :precision binary32 (fma (* ux maxCos) zi xi))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return fmaf((ux * maxCos), zi, xi);
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return fma(Float32(ux * maxCos), zi, xi)
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot xi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

   3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, xi, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

5. Applied rewrites 51.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, xi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 49.6%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(zi \cdot ux, \color{blue}{maxCos}, xi\right) \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

10. Applied rewrites 49.6%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(ux \cdot maxCos, zi, xi\right) \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 16: 11.8% accurate, 32.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos) :precision binary32 (* (* maxCos ux) zi))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return (maxCos * ux) * zi;
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: xi
    real(4), intent (in) :: yi
    real(4), intent (in) :: zi
    real(4), intent (in) :: ux
    real(4), intent (in) :: uy
    real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
    code = (maxcos * ux) * zi
end function

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return Float32(Float32(maxCos * ux) * zi)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	tmp = (maxCos * ux) * zi;
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot xi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

   3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, xi, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

5. Applied rewrites 51.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, xi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 49.6%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(zi \cdot ux, \color{blue}{maxCos}, xi\right) \]

9. Taylor expanded in xi around 0

   \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \color{blue}{zi}\right) \]
10. Step-by-step derivation

11. Applied rewrites 12.0%

    \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \color{blue}{zi}\right) \]
12. Step-by-step derivation

13. Applied rewrites 12.1%

    \[\leadsto \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 17: 11.8% accurate, 32.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos) :precision binary32 (* maxCos (* ux zi)))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return maxCos * (ux * zi);
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: xi
    real(4), intent (in) :: yi
    real(4), intent (in) :: zi
    real(4), intent (in) :: ux
    real(4), intent (in) :: uy
    real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
    code = maxcos * (ux * zi)
end function

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux * zi))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	tmp = maxCos * (ux * zi);
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 98.9%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot xi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

   3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, xi, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

5. Applied rewrites 51.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, xi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 49.6%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(zi \cdot ux, \color{blue}{maxCos}, xi\right) \]

9. Taylor expanded in xi around 0

   \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \color{blue}{zi}\right) \]
10. Step-by-step derivation

11. Applied rewrites 12.0%

    \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \color{blue}{zi}\right) \]
12. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2025006 
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
  :name "UniformSampleCone 2"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= -10000.0 xi) (<= xi 10000.0)) (and (<= -10000.0 yi) (<= yi 10000.0))) (and (<= -10000.0 zi) (<= zi 10000.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 ux) (<= ux 1.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 uy) (<= uy 1.0))) (and (<= 0.0 maxCos) (<= maxCos 1.0)))
  (+ (+ (* (* (cos (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) xi) (* (* (sin (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) yi)) (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) zi)))