
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 (PI)) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 (PI)) s) r))))
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 17 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 (PI)) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 (PI)) s) r))))
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (* (+ (exp (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) (exp (/ (- r) s))) (/ 0.125 (* (PI) s))) r))
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}} + e^{\frac{-r}{s}}\right) \cdot \frac{0.125}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot s}}{r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Applied rewrites99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0
lower-*.f32N/A
lower-/.f3299.5
Applied rewrites99.5%
lift-fma.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
distribute-lft-outN/A
lift-/.f32N/A
associate-*l/N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
Applied rewrites99.5%
Applied rewrites99.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (* (+ (exp (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) (exp (/ (- r) s))) 0.125) (* (* (PI) r) s)))
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}} + e^{\frac{-r}{s}}\right) \cdot 0.125}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Applied rewrites99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0
lower-*.f32N/A
lower-/.f3299.5
Applied rewrites99.5%
lift-fma.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
distribute-lft-outN/A
lift-/.f32N/A
associate-*l/N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
Applied rewrites99.5%
lift-/.f32N/A
lift-/.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
rem-square-sqrtN/A
lift-sqrt.f32N/A
lift-sqrt.f32N/A
associate-*l*N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
associate-/l/N/A
Applied rewrites99.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (+ (exp (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) (exp (/ (- r) s))) (/ 0.125 (* (* (PI) r) s))))
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}} + e^{\frac{-r}{s}}\right) \cdot \frac{0.125}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot r\right) \cdot s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Applied rewrites99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0
lower-*.f32N/A
lower-/.f3299.5
Applied rewrites99.5%
lift-fma.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
distribute-lft-outN/A
lift-/.f32N/A
associate-*l/N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
Applied rewrites99.5%
lift-/.f32N/A
lift-/.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
rem-square-sqrtN/A
lift-sqrt.f32N/A
lift-sqrt.f32N/A
associate-*l*N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
associate-/l/N/A
Applied rewrites96.0%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ (- r) s)))
(fma
(/ (exp t_0) r)
(/ 0.125 (* (PI) s))
(/
(+
(/
(-
(*
(/ (fma 0.0007716049382716049 (/ r s) -0.006944444444444444) (PI))
t_0)
(/ 0.041666666666666664 (PI)))
s)
(/ 0.125 (* (PI) r)))
s))))\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{-r}{s}\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{e^{t\_0}}{r}, \frac{0.125}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot s}, \frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.0007716049382716049, \frac{r}{s}, -0.006944444444444444\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot t\_0 - \frac{0.041666666666666664}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{s} + \frac{0.125}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot r}}{s}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf
mul-1-negN/A
distribute-neg-frac2N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
Applied rewrites8.2%
lift-+.f32N/A
lift-/.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
associate-/l*N/A
*-commutativeN/A
Applied rewrites8.2%
Applied rewrites8.2%
Final simplification8.2%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(fma
(/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) r)
(/ 0.125 (* s (PI)))
(/
(-
(/
(+
(/
(/ (* r (fma 0.0007716049382716049 (/ r s) -0.006944444444444444)) (PI))
s)
(/ 0.041666666666666664 (PI)))
s)
(/ 0.125 (* r (PI))))
(- s))))\begin{array}{l}
\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r}, \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, \frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{r \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.0007716049382716049, \frac{r}{s}, -0.006944444444444444\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{s} + \frac{0.041666666666666664}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{s} - \frac{0.125}{r \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{-s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf
mul-1-negN/A
distribute-neg-frac2N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
Applied rewrites8.2%
Applied rewrites8.2%
Final simplification8.2%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(fma
(/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) (* (* (* 2.0 (PI)) s) r))
0.25
(/
(-
(/
(+
(/
(/ (* r (fma 0.0007716049382716049 (/ r s) -0.006944444444444444)) (PI))
s)
(/ 0.041666666666666664 (PI)))
s)
(/ 0.125 (* r (PI))))
(- s))))\begin{array}{l}
\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}, 0.25, \frac{\frac{\frac{\frac{r \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.0007716049382716049, \frac{r}{s}, -0.006944444444444444\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{s} + \frac{0.041666666666666664}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{s} - \frac{0.125}{r \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{-s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf
mul-1-negN/A
distribute-neg-frac2N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
Applied rewrites8.2%
lift-+.f32N/A
lift-/.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
associate-/l*N/A
*-commutativeN/A
Applied rewrites8.2%
Final simplification8.2%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(/
(/
(*
0.125
(+
(exp (/ (- r) s))
(-
1.0
(/
(fma -0.05555555555555555 (* r (/ r s)) (* 0.3333333333333333 r))
s))))
(* s (PI)))
r))\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125 \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-r}{s}} + \left(1 - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.05555555555555555, r \cdot \frac{r}{s}, 0.3333333333333333 \cdot r\right)}{s}\right)\right)}{s \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Applied rewrites99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0
lower-*.f32N/A
lower-/.f3299.5
Applied rewrites99.5%
lift-fma.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
distribute-lft-outN/A
lift-/.f32N/A
associate-*l/N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
Applied rewrites99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf
fp-cancel-sign-sub-invN/A
metadata-evalN/A
*-lft-identityN/A
lower--.f32N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
lower-fma.f32N/A
unpow2N/A
associate-/l*N/A
lower-*.f32N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
lower-*.f328.1
Applied rewrites8.1%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (/ 0.125 (* (PI) s)))) (/ (fma t_0 1.0 (* t_0 (exp (/ (- r) s)))) r)))
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{0.125}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot s}\\
\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(t\_0, 1, t\_0 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}\right)}{r}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Applied rewrites99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around inf
Applied rewrites7.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (PI) s) r))) (fma 0.125 (/ 1.0 t_0) (* 0.125 (/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) t_0)))))
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(0.125, \frac{1}{t\_0}, 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{t\_0}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
lift-+.f32N/A
+-commutativeN/A
lift-/.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
associate-*l*N/A
associate-*l*N/A
times-fracN/A
metadata-evalN/A
metadata-evalN/A
Applied rewrites99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf
Applied rewrites7.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ (* 0.125 (+ (exp (/ (- r) s)) (fma -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s) 1.0))) (* s (PI))) r))
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125 \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-r}{s}} + \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.3333333333333333, \frac{r}{s}, 1\right)\right)}{s \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Applied rewrites99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0
lower-*.f32N/A
lower-/.f3299.5
Applied rewrites99.5%
lift-fma.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
distribute-lft-outN/A
lift-/.f32N/A
associate-*l/N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
Applied rewrites99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around inf
+-commutativeN/A
lower-fma.f32N/A
lower-/.f327.7
Applied rewrites7.7%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* r (PI))) (t_1 (/ r (PI))))
(/
(/
(/
(fma
t_0
(-
(/
(fma
t_1
-0.06944444444444445
(/ (* (* t_1 r) 0.021604938271604937) s))
(- s))
(/ 0.16666666666666666 (PI)))
(* s 0.25))
s)
t_0)
s)))\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := r \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\
t_1 := \frac{r}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(t\_0, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(t\_1, -0.06944444444444445, \frac{\left(t\_1 \cdot r\right) \cdot 0.021604938271604937}{s}\right)}{-s} - \frac{0.16666666666666666}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, s \cdot 0.25\right)}{s}}{t\_0}}{s}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf
Applied rewrites7.6%
Applied rewrites7.7%
Final simplification7.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (fma (/ r (* (* s s) (PI))) 0.06944444444444445 (/ (/ (- (* (/ s r) 0.25) 0.16666666666666666) s) (PI))) s))
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{r}{\left(s \cdot s\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, 0.06944444444444445, \frac{\frac{\frac{s}{r} \cdot 0.25 - 0.16666666666666666}{s}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf
lower-/.f32N/A
Applied rewrites7.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0
Applied rewrites7.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (fma r (/ 0.06944444444444445 (* (* s s) (PI))) (/ (+ (/ -0.16666666666666666 s) (/ 0.25 r)) (PI))) s))
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(r, \frac{0.06944444444444445}{\left(s \cdot s\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}, \frac{\frac{-0.16666666666666666}{s} + \frac{0.25}{r}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf
lower-/.f32N/A
Applied rewrites7.7%
Applied rewrites7.7%
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(/
(/
(-
0.25
(/ (- (* 0.16666666666666666 r) (/ (* (* r r) 0.06944444444444445) s)) s))
(* s (PI)))
r))\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25 - \frac{0.16666666666666666 \cdot r - \frac{\left(r \cdot r\right) \cdot 0.06944444444444445}{s}}{s}}{s \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Applied rewrites99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0
lower-*.f32N/A
lower-/.f3299.5
Applied rewrites99.5%
lift-fma.f32N/A
lift-*.f32N/A
distribute-lft-outN/A
lift-/.f32N/A
associate-*l/N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
Applied rewrites99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf
fp-cancel-sign-sub-invN/A
metadata-evalN/A
*-lft-identityN/A
lower--.f32N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
Applied rewrites7.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (sqrt (PI)))) (/ 0.25 (* (* t_0 s) (* t_0 r)))))
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \sqrt{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\\
\frac{0.25}{\left(t\_0 \cdot s\right) \cdot \left(t\_0 \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf
*-commutativeN/A
associate-/r*N/A
metadata-evalN/A
associate-*r/N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
associate-*r/N/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-/.f32N/A
*-commutativeN/A
lower-*.f32N/A
lower-PI.f327.5
Applied rewrites7.5%
Applied rewrites7.5%
Applied rewrites7.5%
Applied rewrites7.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* (* s (PI)) r)))
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\left(s \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf
*-commutativeN/A
associate-/r*N/A
metadata-evalN/A
associate-*r/N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
associate-*r/N/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-/.f32N/A
*-commutativeN/A
lower-*.f32N/A
lower-PI.f327.5
Applied rewrites7.5%
Applied rewrites7.5%
Applied rewrites7.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* (* r s) (PI))))
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\left(r \cdot s\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf
*-commutativeN/A
associate-/r*N/A
metadata-evalN/A
associate-*r/N/A
lower-/.f32N/A
associate-*r/N/A
metadata-evalN/A
lower-/.f32N/A
*-commutativeN/A
lower-*.f32N/A
lower-PI.f327.5
Applied rewrites7.5%
Applied rewrites7.5%
Applied rewrites7.5%
herbie shell --seed 2025006
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 (PI)) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 (PI)) s) r))))