UniformSampleCone 2

Percentage Accurate: 98.9% → 98.9%

Time: 16.3s

Alternatives: 19

Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

\[\left(\left(\left(\left(\left(-10000 \leq xi \land xi \leq 10000\right) \land \left(-10000 \leq yi \land yi \leq 10000\right)\right) \land \left(-10000 \leq zi \land zi \leq 10000\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq ux \land ux \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq uy \land uy \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(0 \leq maxCos \land maxCos \leq 1\right)\]

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))))
   (+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))

Initial Program: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))))
   (+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))

Alternative 1: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))))
   (+
    (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi))
    (* (* (* ux (- 1.0 ux)) maxCos) zi))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \cdot zi \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot zi \]

   3. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(ux \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)}\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot maxCos\right)} \cdot zi \]

   5. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot maxCos\right)} \cdot zi \]

   6. lower-*.f32 99.0

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\color{blue}{\left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)} \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot zi \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(ux \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot maxCos\right)} \cdot zi \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\ t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(zi \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \cdot ux \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
        (t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
        (t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))))
   (+
    (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi))
    (* (* zi (* maxCos (- 1.0 ux))) ux))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \color{blue}{zi \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \]

   3. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + zi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)} \]

   4. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \color{blue}{\left(zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot ux} \]

   5. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \color{blue}{\left(zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \cdot ux} \]

   6. lower-*.f32 99.0

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \color{blue}{\left(zi \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \cdot ux \]

   7. lift-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(zi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)}\right) \cdot ux \]

   8. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(zi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)}\right) \cdot ux \]

   9. lower-*.f32 99.0

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(zi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)}\right) \cdot ux \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \color{blue}{\left(zi \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \cdot ux} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ \left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux)))
   (+
    (+
     (* (cos (* -2.0 (* (PI) uy))) xi)
     (* (* (sin (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0)))) yi))
    (* t_0 zi))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. lower-PI.f32 99.0

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 98.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), yi, \mathsf{fma}\left(zi \cdot ux, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(uy \cdot -2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (fma
  (sin (* (* 2.0 uy) (PI)))
  yi
  (fma (* zi ux) (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) (* xi (cos (* (* uy -2.0) (PI)))))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   13. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]

7. Applied rewrites 98.7%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(2 \cdot uy\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), \color{blue}{yi}, \mathsf{fma}\left(zi \cdot ux, \left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, xi \cdot \cos \left(\left(uy \cdot -2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 98.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot t\_0\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(t\_0 \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) uy)))
   (fma
    (cos (* -2.0 t_0))
    xi
    (fma (sin (* t_0 2.0)) yi (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) zi) ux) maxCos)))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   13. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 95.9% accurate, 1.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot t\_0\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(t\_0 \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(zi \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) uy)))
   (fma
    (cos (* -2.0 t_0))
    xi
    (fma (sin (* t_0 2.0)) yi (* (* zi ux) maxCos)))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)} \]

   5. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   13. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right) \]

   14. lower-fma.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), yi, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)\right)}\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 96.2%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(zi \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 97.1% accurate, 1.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\\ t_1 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ \mathbf{if}\;uy \leq 0.007000000216066837:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - t\_1 \cdot t\_1}\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_1 \cdot zi\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos t\_0, xi, \sin t\_0 \cdot yi\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (PI) uy) 2.0)) (t_1 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux)))
   (if (<= uy 0.007000000216066837)
     (+
      (+
       (* (* (fma -2.0 (* (* uy uy) (* (PI) (PI))) 1.0) 1.0) xi)
       (* (* (sin (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_1 t_1)))) yi))
      (* t_1 zi))
     (fma (cos t_0) xi (* (sin t_0) yi)))))

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if uy < 0.00700000022

   1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + -2 \cdot \left(\left({uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      2. distribute-rgt1-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-2 \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      3. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-2 \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, {uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      5. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \color{blue}{{uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}}, 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      6. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot uy\right)} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      7. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot uy\right)} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      8. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}, 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      9. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}, 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      10. lower-PI.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      11. lower-PI.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right), 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      12. lower-sqrt.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 99.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 99.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   if 0.00700000022 < uy

   1. Initial program 98.5%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + {ux}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left({ux}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot {ux}^{2}} + \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

      3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left({maxCos}^{2} \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right), {ux}^{2}, \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. Applied rewrites 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot maxCos, ux, -0.5 \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)\right), ux \cdot ux, \cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right)\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \]

      2. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      3. lower-cos.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      5. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      6. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} \cdot 2\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      7. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} \cdot 2\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      8. lower-PI.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      9. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi}\right) \]

      10. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi}\right) \]

      11. lower-sin.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot yi\right) \]

      12. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot yi\right) \]

      13. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot yi\right) \]

      14. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) \]

      15. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)} \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) \]

      16. lower-PI.f32 90.7

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \sin \left(\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right) \]

   8. Applied rewrites 90.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), xi, \sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot yi\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 93.0% accurate, 1.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\ \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux)))
   (+
    (+
     (* (* (fma -2.0 (* (* uy uy) (* (PI) (PI))) 1.0) 1.0) xi)
     (* (* (sin (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0)))) yi))
    (* t_0 zi))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + -2 \cdot \left(\left({uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   2. distribute-rgt1-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-2 \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-2 \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, {uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right)} \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   5. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \color{blue}{{uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}}, 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   6. unpow2 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot uy\right)} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   7. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot uy\right)} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}, 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   8. unpow2 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}, 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}, 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   10. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   11. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right), 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

   12. lower-sqrt.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

5. Applied rewrites 92.4%

   \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}\right)} \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 92.3%

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2, \left(uy \cdot uy\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), 1\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 92.9% accurate, 2.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), 1\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (fma
  (fma (* -2.0 (* uy uy)) (* (PI) (PI)) 1.0)
  xi
  (fma (sin (* (* (PI) uy) 2.0)) yi (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) zi) ux) maxCos))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   13. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1 + -2 \cdot \left({uy}^{2} \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 92.1%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot uy\right), \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right), 1\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 89.8% accurate, 2.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy, 2, \left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (fma
  (cos (* -2.0 (* (PI) uy)))
  xi
  (fma (* (* yi (PI)) uy) 2.0 (* (* (* zi (- 1.0 ux)) ux) maxCos))))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   13. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 90.3%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy, 2, \left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right) \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 89.2% accurate, 4.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(t\_0 \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy, -1.3333333333333333, \left(t\_0 \cdot xi\right) \cdot -2\right), uy, \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right), uy, \left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) + xi \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) (PI))))
   (+
    (fma
     (fma
      (fma (* (* (* t_0 (PI)) yi) uy) -1.3333333333333333 (* (* t_0 xi) -2.0))
      uy
      (* (* yi (PI)) 2.0))
     uy
     (* (* (* zi (- 1.0 ux)) ux) maxCos))
    xi)))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   13. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) + \frac{-4}{3} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3}\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 89.4%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{3} \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy, -1.3333333333333333, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot xi\right) \cdot -2\right), uy, \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right), uy, \left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) + \color{blue}{xi} \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

10. Applied rewrites 89.4%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot yi\right) \cdot uy, -1.3333333333333333, \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot xi\right) \cdot -2\right), uy, \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot 2\right), uy, \left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) + xi \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 85.5% accurate, 6.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot xi\right) \cdot uy - yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), uy, \left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) + xi \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  (fma
   (* -2.0 (- (* (* (* (PI) (PI)) xi) uy) (* yi (PI))))
   uy
   (* (* (* zi (- 1.0 ux)) ux) maxCos))
  xi))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   13. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{\left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + uy \cdot \left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(xi \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right) + 2 \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 86.1%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot \left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot xi\right) \cdot uy - yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right), uy, \left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) + \color{blue}{xi} \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 81.4% accurate, 9.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot yi, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy, \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux, maxCos, xi\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (fma (* 2.0 yi) (* (PI) uy) (fma (* (* zi (- 1.0 ux)) ux) maxCos xi)))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   13. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 82.4%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy, 2, \left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) + \color{blue}{xi} \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

10. Applied rewrites 82.4%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(2 \cdot yi, \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{uy}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux, maxCos, xi\right)\right) \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 81.4% accurate, 9.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), yi \cdot \left(2 \cdot uy\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux, maxCos, xi\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (fma (PI) (* yi (* 2.0 uy)) (fma (* (* zi (- 1.0 ux)) ux) maxCos xi)))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   13. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 82.4%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy, 2, \left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) + \color{blue}{xi} \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

10. Applied rewrites 82.4%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), yi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot uy\right)}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux, maxCos, xi\right)\right) \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 15: 78.9% accurate, 11.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy, 2, \left(zi \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) + xi \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (+ (fma (* (* yi (PI)) uy) 2.0 (* (* zi ux) maxCos)) xi))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   13. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 82.4%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy, 2, \left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) + \color{blue}{xi} \]

9. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy, 2, \left(ux \cdot zi\right) \cdot maxCos\right) + xi \]
10. Step-by-step derivation

11. Applied rewrites 80.3%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy, 2, \left(zi \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) + xi \]
12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 16: 59.6% accurate, 12.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;yi \leq -4.999999980020986 \cdot 10^{-12} \lor \neg \left(yi \leq 2.000000026702864 \cdot 10^{-10}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot zi, ux, xi\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (if (or (<= yi -4.999999980020986e-12) (not (<= yi 2.000000026702864e-10)))
   (* (* (* yi (PI)) uy) 2.0)
   (fma (* maxCos zi) ux xi)))

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if yi < -4.99999998e-12 or 2.00000003e-10 < yi

   1. Initial program 99.1%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-+l+ N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      3. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      5. cos-neg-rev N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      8. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      9. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      10. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      11. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

      13. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   5. Applied rewrites 98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 81.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy, 2, \left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) + \color{blue}{xi} \]

   9. Taylor expanded in yi around inf

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \color{blue}{\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right) \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

   11. Applied rewrites 60.3%

       \[\leadsto \left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2 \]

   if -4.99999998e-12 < yi < 2.00000003e-10

   1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot xi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

      3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, xi, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 68.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, xi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

      \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 65.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(zi \cdot ux, \color{blue}{maxCos}, xi\right) \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

   10. Applied rewrites 65.8%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot zi, ux, xi\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 63.9%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;yi \leq -4.999999980020986 \cdot 10^{-12} \lor \neg \left(yi \leq 2.000000026702864 \cdot 10^{-10}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot zi, ux, xi\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 17: 74.3% accurate, 20.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy, 2, xi\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
 :precision binary32
 (fma (* (* yi (PI)) uy) 2.0 xi))

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in maxCos around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + \left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-+l+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot xi} + \left(yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   4. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   5. cos-neg-rev N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. lower-cos.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(2\right)\right) \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(\color{blue}{-2} \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}, xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   11. lower-*.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)}\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   12. lower-PI.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, yi \cdot \sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

   13. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \color{blue}{\sin \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \left(-2 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right)\right), xi, \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot uy\right) \cdot 2\right), yi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 82.4%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy, 2, \left(\left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) + \color{blue}{xi} \]

9. Taylor expanded in zi around 0

   \[\leadsto xi + 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(uy \cdot \left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
10. Step-by-step derivation

11. Applied rewrites 76.1%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(yi \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot uy, 2, xi\right) \]
12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 18: 49.6% accurate, 29.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot zi, ux, xi\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos) :precision binary32 (fma (* maxCos zi) ux xi))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return fmaf((maxCos * zi), ux, xi);
}

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return fma(Float32(maxCos * zi), ux, xi)
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot xi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

   3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, xi, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

5. Applied rewrites 51.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, xi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 50.1%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(zi \cdot ux, \color{blue}{maxCos}, xi\right) \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

10. Applied rewrites 50.1%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(maxCos \cdot zi, ux, xi\right) \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 19: 11.6% accurate, 32.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos) :precision binary32 (* (* maxCos ux) zi))

C

float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
	return (maxCos * ux) * zi;
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxcos)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: xi
    real(4), intent (in) :: yi
    real(4), intent (in) :: zi
    real(4), intent (in) :: ux
    real(4), intent (in) :: uy
    real(4), intent (in) :: maxcos
    code = (maxcos * ux) * zi
end function

Julia

function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	return Float32(Float32(maxCos * ux) * zi)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos)
	tmp = (maxCos * ux) * zi;
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.0%

   \[\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right)}\right) \cdot yi\right) + \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in uy around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) + xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{xi \cdot \sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot xi} + maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right) \]

   3. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - {maxCos}^{2} \cdot \left({ux}^{2} \cdot {\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2}\right)}, xi, maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(zi \cdot \left(1 - ux\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

5. Applied rewrites 51.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{1 - \left({\left(1 - ux\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(ux \cdot ux\right)\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot maxCos\right)}, xi, \left(\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot zi\right) \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)} \]

6. Taylor expanded in ux around 0

   \[\leadsto xi + \color{blue}{maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot zi\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 50.1%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(zi \cdot ux, \color{blue}{maxCos}, xi\right) \]

9. Taylor expanded in xi around 0

   \[\leadsto maxCos \cdot \left(ux \cdot \color{blue}{zi}\right) \]
10. Step-by-step derivation

11. Applied rewrites 11.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(zi \cdot ux\right) \cdot maxCos \]
12. Step-by-step derivation

13. Applied rewrites 11.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(maxCos \cdot ux\right) \cdot zi \]
14. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024364 
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
  :name "UniformSampleCone 2"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= -10000.0 xi) (<= xi 10000.0)) (and (<= -10000.0 yi) (<= yi 10000.0))) (and (<= -10000.0 zi) (<= zi 10000.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 ux) (<= ux 1.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 uy) (<= uy 1.0))) (and (<= 0.0 maxCos) (<= maxCos 1.0)))
  (+ (+ (* (* (cos (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) xi) (* (* (sin (* (* uy 2.0) (PI))) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) yi)) (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) zi)))