Curve intersection, scale width based on ribbon orientation

Percentage Accurate: 96.9% → 99.3%
Time: 11.1s
Alternatives: 7
Speedup: 45.9×

Specification

?
\[\left(\left(\left(0 \leq normAngle \land normAngle \leq \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \land \left(-1 \leq n0\_i \land n0\_i \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq n1\_i \land n1\_i \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq u \land u \leq 1\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\\ \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot n1\_i \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (sin normAngle))))
   (+
    (* (* (sin (* (- 1.0 u) normAngle)) t_0) n0_i)
    (* (* (sin (* u normAngle)) t_0) n1_i))))
float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	float t_0 = 1.0f / sinf(normAngle);
	return ((sinf(((1.0f - u) * normAngle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + ((sinf((u * normAngle)) * t_0) * n1_i);
}
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(normangle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: normangle
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    real(4), intent (in) :: n0_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: n1_i
    real(4) :: t_0
    t_0 = 1.0e0 / sin(normangle)
    code = ((sin(((1.0e0 - u) * normangle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + ((sin((u * normangle)) * t_0) * n1_i)
end function
function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / sin(normAngle))
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(sin(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) * normAngle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + Float32(Float32(sin(Float32(u * normAngle)) * t_0) * n1_i))
end
function tmp = code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	t_0 = single(1.0) / sin(normAngle);
	tmp = ((sin(((single(1.0) - u) * normAngle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + ((sin((u * normAngle)) * t_0) * n1_i);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\\
\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot n1\_i
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 7 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 96.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\\ \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot n1\_i \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (sin normAngle))))
   (+
    (* (* (sin (* (- 1.0 u) normAngle)) t_0) n0_i)
    (* (* (sin (* u normAngle)) t_0) n1_i))))
float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	float t_0 = 1.0f / sinf(normAngle);
	return ((sinf(((1.0f - u) * normAngle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + ((sinf((u * normAngle)) * t_0) * n1_i);
}
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(normangle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: normangle
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    real(4), intent (in) :: n0_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: n1_i
    real(4) :: t_0
    t_0 = 1.0e0 / sin(normangle)
    code = ((sin(((1.0e0 - u) * normangle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + ((sin((u * normangle)) * t_0) * n1_i)
end function
function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / sin(normAngle))
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(sin(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) * normAngle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + Float32(Float32(sin(Float32(u * normAngle)) * t_0) * n1_i))
end
function tmp = code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	t_0 = single(1.0) / sin(normAngle);
	tmp = ((sin(((single(1.0) - u) * normAngle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + ((sin((u * normAngle)) * t_0) * n1_i);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\\
\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot n1\_i
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.3% accurate, 9.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n0\_i, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.019444444444444445 \cdot n1\_i, normAngle \cdot normAngle, 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right)\right)\right), normAngle \cdot normAngle, n1\_i\right) - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
 :precision binary32
 (fma
  (-
   (fma
    (fma
     0.5
     n0_i
     (fma
      (* 0.019444444444444445 n1_i)
      (* normAngle normAngle)
      (* 0.16666666666666666 (- n1_i n0_i))))
    (* normAngle normAngle)
    n1_i)
   n0_i)
  u
  n0_i))
float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	return fmaf((fmaf(fmaf(0.5f, n0_i, fmaf((0.019444444444444445f * n1_i), (normAngle * normAngle), (0.16666666666666666f * (n1_i - n0_i)))), (normAngle * normAngle), n1_i) - n0_i), u, n0_i);
}
function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	return fma(Float32(fma(fma(Float32(0.5), n0_i, fma(Float32(Float32(0.019444444444444445) * n1_i), Float32(normAngle * normAngle), Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) * Float32(n1_i - n0_i)))), Float32(normAngle * normAngle), n1_i) - n0_i), u, n0_i)
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n0\_i, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.019444444444444445 \cdot n1\_i, normAngle \cdot normAngle, 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right)\right)\right), normAngle \cdot normAngle, n1\_i\right) - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.1%

    \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{n0\_i + u \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{u \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) + n0\_i} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot u} + n0\_i \]
    3. lower-fma.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}, u, n0\_i\right)} \]
  5. Applied rewrites90.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle - \left(\cos normAngle \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot n0\_i}{\sin normAngle}, u, n0\_i\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(n1\_i + {normAngle}^{2} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot n0\_i + {normAngle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{24} \cdot n0\_i - \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot n0\_i - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right)\right) + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right)\right)\right)\right) - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right)\right)\right) - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Applied rewrites99.6%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n0\_i, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.041666666666666664 \cdot n0\_i - \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n0\_i, 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right)\right), -0.16666666666666666, \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right) \cdot 0.008333333333333333\right), normAngle \cdot normAngle, 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right)\right)\right), normAngle \cdot normAngle, n1\_i\right) - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \]
    2. Taylor expanded in n0_i around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{2}, n0\_i, \mathsf{fma}\left(-1 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{36} \cdot n1\_i + \frac{1}{120} \cdot n1\_i\right), normAngle \cdot normAngle, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right)\right)\right), normAngle \cdot normAngle, n1\_i\right) - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \]
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites99.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n0\_i, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.019444444444444445 \cdot n1\_i, normAngle \cdot normAngle, 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right)\right)\right), normAngle \cdot normAngle, n1\_i\right) - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 2: 99.1% accurate, 13.1× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n0\_i, 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right)\right), normAngle \cdot normAngle, n1\_i\right) - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
       :precision binary32
       (fma
        (-
         (fma
          (fma 0.5 n0_i (* 0.16666666666666666 (- n1_i n0_i)))
          (* normAngle normAngle)
          n1_i)
         n0_i)
        u
        n0_i))
      float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
      	return fmaf((fmaf(fmaf(0.5f, n0_i, (0.16666666666666666f * (n1_i - n0_i))), (normAngle * normAngle), n1_i) - n0_i), u, n0_i);
      }
      
      function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
      	return fma(Float32(fma(fma(Float32(0.5), n0_i, Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) * Float32(n1_i - n0_i))), Float32(normAngle * normAngle), n1_i) - n0_i), u, n0_i)
      end
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n0\_i, 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right)\right), normAngle \cdot normAngle, n1\_i\right) - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right)
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 97.1%

        \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in u around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{n0\_i + u \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{u \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) + n0\_i} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot u} + n0\_i \]
        3. lower-fma.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}, u, n0\_i\right)} \]
      5. Applied rewrites90.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle - \left(\cos normAngle \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot n0\_i}{\sin normAngle}, u, n0\_i\right)} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(n1\_i + {normAngle}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot n0\_i - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right)\right)\right) - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites99.5%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n0\_i, 0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(n1\_i - n0\_i\right)\right), normAngle \cdot normAngle, n1\_i\right) - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \]
        2. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 3: 69.7% accurate, 21.8× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n0\_i \leq -4.999999918875795 \cdot 10^{-18} \lor \neg \left(n0\_i \leq 9.999999998199587 \cdot 10^{-24}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;u \cdot n1\_i\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
         :precision binary32
         (if (or (<= n0_i -4.999999918875795e-18)
                 (not (<= n0_i 9.999999998199587e-24)))
           (fma (- n0_i) u n0_i)
           (* u n1_i)))
        float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
        	float tmp;
        	if ((n0_i <= -4.999999918875795e-18f) || !(n0_i <= 9.999999998199587e-24f)) {
        		tmp = fmaf(-n0_i, u, n0_i);
        	} else {
        		tmp = u * n1_i;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
        	tmp = Float32(0.0)
        	if ((n0_i <= Float32(-4.999999918875795e-18)) || !(n0_i <= Float32(9.999999998199587e-24)))
        		tmp = fma(Float32(-n0_i), u, n0_i);
        	else
        		tmp = Float32(u * n1_i);
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        \mathbf{if}\;n0\_i \leq -4.999999918875795 \cdot 10^{-18} \lor \neg \left(n0\_i \leq 9.999999998199587 \cdot 10^{-24}\right):\\
        \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right)\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;u \cdot n1\_i\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 2 regimes
        2. if n0_i < -4.99999992e-18 or 1e-23 < n0_i

          1. Initial program 97.9%

            \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in u around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{n0\_i + u \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{u \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) + n0\_i} \]
            2. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot u} + n0\_i \]
            3. lower-fma.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}, u, n0\_i\right)} \]
          5. Applied rewrites97.5%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle - \left(\cos normAngle \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot n0\_i}{\sin normAngle}, u, n0\_i\right)} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites99.3%

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \]
            2. Taylor expanded in n0_i around inf

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-1 \cdot n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \]
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites82.1%

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \]

              if -4.99999992e-18 < n0_i < 1e-23

              1. Initial program 96.2%

                \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in n0_i around 0

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i \cdot \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)}{\sin normAngle}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i}}{\sin normAngle} \]
                2. associate-/l*N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                3. lower-*.f32N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                4. lower-sin.f32N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]
                5. lower-*.f32N/A

                  \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]
                6. lower-/.f32N/A

                  \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                7. lower-sin.f3266.2

                  \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}} \]
              5. Applied rewrites66.2%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
              6. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

                \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot \color{blue}{u} \]
              7. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites67.1%

                  \[\leadsto u \cdot \color{blue}{n1\_i} \]
              8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
              9. Final simplification75.3%

                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n0\_i \leq -4.999999918875795 \cdot 10^{-18} \lor \neg \left(n0\_i \leq 9.999999998199587 \cdot 10^{-24}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;u \cdot n1\_i\\ \end{array} \]
              10. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 4: 69.6% accurate, 21.8× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n0\_i \leq -4.999999918875795 \cdot 10^{-18} \lor \neg \left(n0\_i \leq 9.999999998199587 \cdot 10^{-24}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;u \cdot n1\_i\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
               :precision binary32
               (if (or (<= n0_i -4.999999918875795e-18)
                       (not (<= n0_i 9.999999998199587e-24)))
                 (* (- 1.0 u) n0_i)
                 (* u n1_i)))
              float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
              	float tmp;
              	if ((n0_i <= -4.999999918875795e-18f) || !(n0_i <= 9.999999998199587e-24f)) {
              		tmp = (1.0f - u) * n0_i;
              	} else {
              		tmp = u * n1_i;
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              module fmin_fmax_functions
                  implicit none
                  private
                  public fmax
                  public fmin
              
                  interface fmax
                      module procedure fmax88
                      module procedure fmax44
                      module procedure fmax84
                      module procedure fmax48
                  end interface
                  interface fmin
                      module procedure fmin88
                      module procedure fmin44
                      module procedure fmin84
                      module procedure fmin48
                  end interface
              contains
                  real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
              end module
              
              real(4) function code(normangle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
              use fmin_fmax_functions
                  real(4), intent (in) :: normangle
                  real(4), intent (in) :: u
                  real(4), intent (in) :: n0_i
                  real(4), intent (in) :: n1_i
                  real(4) :: tmp
                  if ((n0_i <= (-4.999999918875795e-18)) .or. (.not. (n0_i <= 9.999999998199587e-24))) then
                      tmp = (1.0e0 - u) * n0_i
                  else
                      tmp = u * n1_i
                  end if
                  code = tmp
              end function
              
              function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
              	tmp = Float32(0.0)
              	if ((n0_i <= Float32(-4.999999918875795e-18)) || !(n0_i <= Float32(9.999999998199587e-24)))
              		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) * n0_i);
              	else
              		tmp = Float32(u * n1_i);
              	end
              	return tmp
              end
              
              function tmp_2 = code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
              	tmp = single(0.0);
              	if ((n0_i <= single(-4.999999918875795e-18)) || ~((n0_i <= single(9.999999998199587e-24))))
              		tmp = (single(1.0) - u) * n0_i;
              	else
              		tmp = u * n1_i;
              	end
              	tmp_2 = tmp;
              end
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              \begin{array}{l}
              \mathbf{if}\;n0\_i \leq -4.999999918875795 \cdot 10^{-18} \lor \neg \left(n0\_i \leq 9.999999998199587 \cdot 10^{-24}\right):\\
              \;\;\;\;\left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i\\
              
              \mathbf{else}:\\
              \;\;\;\;u \cdot n1\_i\\
              
              
              \end{array}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Split input into 2 regimes
              2. if n0_i < -4.99999992e-18 or 1e-23 < n0_i

                1. Initial program 97.9%

                  \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right) + n1\_i \cdot u} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i} + n1\_i \cdot u \]
                  2. lower-fma.f32N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right)} \]
                  3. lower--.f32N/A

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{1 - u}, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right) \]
                  4. lower-*.f3298.9

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, \color{blue}{n1\_i \cdot u}\right) \]
                5. Applied rewrites98.9%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right)} \]
                6. Taylor expanded in n0_i around inf

                  \[\leadsto n0\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 + \frac{n1\_i \cdot u}{n0\_i}\right) - u\right)} \]
                7. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites98.7%

                    \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i, \frac{u}{n0\_i}, 1\right) - u\right) \cdot \color{blue}{n0\_i} \]
                  2. Taylor expanded in n0_i around inf

                    \[\leadsto \left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i \]
                  3. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites81.9%

                      \[\leadsto \left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i \]

                    if -4.99999992e-18 < n0_i < 1e-23

                    1. Initial program 96.2%

                      \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in n0_i around 0

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i \cdot \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. *-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i}}{\sin normAngle} \]
                      2. associate-/l*N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                      3. lower-*.f32N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                      4. lower-sin.f32N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]
                      5. lower-*.f32N/A

                        \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]
                      6. lower-/.f32N/A

                        \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                      7. lower-sin.f3266.2

                        \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                    5. Applied rewrites66.2%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                    6. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

                      \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot \color{blue}{u} \]
                    7. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites67.1%

                        \[\leadsto u \cdot \color{blue}{n1\_i} \]
                    8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                    9. Final simplification75.2%

                      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n0\_i \leq -4.999999918875795 \cdot 10^{-18} \lor \neg \left(n0\_i \leq 9.999999998199587 \cdot 10^{-24}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;u \cdot n1\_i\\ \end{array} \]
                    10. Add Preprocessing

                    Alternative 5: 59.9% accurate, 25.4× speedup?

                    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n0\_i \leq -1.999999967550318 \cdot 10^{-17} \lor \neg \left(n0\_i \leq 9.999999998199587 \cdot 10^{-24}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot n0\_i\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;u \cdot n1\_i\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                    (FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
                     :precision binary32
                     (if (or (<= n0_i -1.999999967550318e-17)
                             (not (<= n0_i 9.999999998199587e-24)))
                       (* 1.0 n0_i)
                       (* u n1_i)))
                    float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
                    	float tmp;
                    	if ((n0_i <= -1.999999967550318e-17f) || !(n0_i <= 9.999999998199587e-24f)) {
                    		tmp = 1.0f * n0_i;
                    	} else {
                    		tmp = u * n1_i;
                    	}
                    	return tmp;
                    }
                    
                    module fmin_fmax_functions
                        implicit none
                        private
                        public fmax
                        public fmin
                    
                        interface fmax
                            module procedure fmax88
                            module procedure fmax44
                            module procedure fmax84
                            module procedure fmax48
                        end interface
                        interface fmin
                            module procedure fmin88
                            module procedure fmin44
                            module procedure fmin84
                            module procedure fmin48
                        end interface
                    contains
                        real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                            real(4), intent (in) :: x
                            real(4), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                            real(4), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                            real(4), intent (in) :: x
                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                            real(4), intent (in) :: x
                            real(4), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                            real(4), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                            real(4), intent (in) :: x
                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                    end module
                    
                    real(4) function code(normangle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
                    use fmin_fmax_functions
                        real(4), intent (in) :: normangle
                        real(4), intent (in) :: u
                        real(4), intent (in) :: n0_i
                        real(4), intent (in) :: n1_i
                        real(4) :: tmp
                        if ((n0_i <= (-1.999999967550318e-17)) .or. (.not. (n0_i <= 9.999999998199587e-24))) then
                            tmp = 1.0e0 * n0_i
                        else
                            tmp = u * n1_i
                        end if
                        code = tmp
                    end function
                    
                    function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
                    	tmp = Float32(0.0)
                    	if ((n0_i <= Float32(-1.999999967550318e-17)) || !(n0_i <= Float32(9.999999998199587e-24)))
                    		tmp = Float32(Float32(1.0) * n0_i);
                    	else
                    		tmp = Float32(u * n1_i);
                    	end
                    	return tmp
                    end
                    
                    function tmp_2 = code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
                    	tmp = single(0.0);
                    	if ((n0_i <= single(-1.999999967550318e-17)) || ~((n0_i <= single(9.999999998199587e-24))))
                    		tmp = single(1.0) * n0_i;
                    	else
                    		tmp = u * n1_i;
                    	end
                    	tmp_2 = tmp;
                    end
                    
                    \begin{array}{l}
                    
                    \\
                    \begin{array}{l}
                    \mathbf{if}\;n0\_i \leq -1.999999967550318 \cdot 10^{-17} \lor \neg \left(n0\_i \leq 9.999999998199587 \cdot 10^{-24}\right):\\
                    \;\;\;\;1 \cdot n0\_i\\
                    
                    \mathbf{else}:\\
                    \;\;\;\;u \cdot n1\_i\\
                    
                    
                    \end{array}
                    \end{array}
                    
                    Derivation
                    1. Split input into 2 regimes
                    2. if n0_i < -1.99999997e-17 or 1e-23 < n0_i

                      1. Initial program 97.9%

                        \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
                      2. Add Preprocessing
                      3. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right) + n1\_i \cdot u} \]
                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. *-commutativeN/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i} + n1\_i \cdot u \]
                        2. lower-fma.f32N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right)} \]
                        3. lower--.f32N/A

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{1 - u}, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right) \]
                        4. lower-*.f3298.9

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, \color{blue}{n1\_i \cdot u}\right) \]
                      5. Applied rewrites98.9%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right)} \]
                      6. Taylor expanded in n0_i around inf

                        \[\leadsto n0\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 + \frac{n1\_i \cdot u}{n0\_i}\right) - u\right)} \]
                      7. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites98.7%

                          \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i, \frac{u}{n0\_i}, 1\right) - u\right) \cdot \color{blue}{n0\_i} \]
                        2. Taylor expanded in u around 0

                          \[\leadsto 1 \cdot n0\_i \]
                        3. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites65.9%

                            \[\leadsto 1 \cdot n0\_i \]

                          if -1.99999997e-17 < n0_i < 1e-23

                          1. Initial program 96.3%

                            \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
                          2. Add Preprocessing
                          3. Taylor expanded in n0_i around 0

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i \cdot \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. *-commutativeN/A

                              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i}}{\sin normAngle} \]
                            2. associate-/l*N/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                            3. lower-*.f32N/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                            4. lower-sin.f32N/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]
                            5. lower-*.f32N/A

                              \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]
                            6. lower-/.f32N/A

                              \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                            7. lower-sin.f3265.8

                              \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                          5. Applied rewrites65.8%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                          6. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

                            \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot \color{blue}{u} \]
                          7. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. Applied rewrites66.7%

                              \[\leadsto u \cdot \color{blue}{n1\_i} \]
                          8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                          9. Final simplification66.3%

                            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n0\_i \leq -1.999999967550318 \cdot 10^{-17} \lor \neg \left(n0\_i \leq 9.999999998199587 \cdot 10^{-24}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot n0\_i\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;u \cdot n1\_i\\ \end{array} \]
                          10. Add Preprocessing

                          Alternative 6: 98.2% accurate, 45.9× speedup?

                          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \end{array} \]
                          (FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i) :precision binary32 (fma (- n1_i n0_i) u n0_i))
                          float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
                          	return fmaf((n1_i - n0_i), u, n0_i);
                          }
                          
                          function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
                          	return fma(Float32(n1_i - n0_i), u, n0_i)
                          end
                          
                          \begin{array}{l}
                          
                          \\
                          \mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right)
                          \end{array}
                          
                          Derivation
                          1. Initial program 97.1%

                            \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
                          2. Add Preprocessing
                          3. Taylor expanded in u around 0

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{n0\_i + u \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \]
                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. +-commutativeN/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{u \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) + n0\_i} \]
                            2. *-commutativeN/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot u} + n0\_i \]
                            3. lower-fma.f32N/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1 \cdot \frac{n0\_i \cdot \left(normAngle \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle} + \frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}, u, n0\_i\right)} \]
                          5. Applied rewrites90.3%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{n1\_i \cdot normAngle - \left(\cos normAngle \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot n0\_i}{\sin normAngle}, u, n0\_i\right)} \]
                          6. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \]
                          7. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. Applied rewrites98.8%

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right) \]
                            2. Add Preprocessing

                            Alternative 7: 38.2% accurate, 76.5× speedup?

                            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ u \cdot n1\_i \end{array} \]
                            (FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i) :precision binary32 (* u n1_i))
                            float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
                            	return u * n1_i;
                            }
                            
                            module fmin_fmax_functions
                                implicit none
                                private
                                public fmax
                                public fmin
                            
                                interface fmax
                                    module procedure fmax88
                                    module procedure fmax44
                                    module procedure fmax84
                                    module procedure fmax48
                                end interface
                                interface fmin
                                    module procedure fmin88
                                    module procedure fmin44
                                    module procedure fmin84
                                    module procedure fmin48
                                end interface
                            contains
                                real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                    res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                end function
                                real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                    res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                end function
                                real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                    res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                end function
                                real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                    res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                end function
                                real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                    res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                end function
                                real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                    res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                end function
                                real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: y
                                    res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                                end function
                                real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                                    real(4), intent (in) :: x
                                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                                    res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                                end function
                            end module
                            
                            real(4) function code(normangle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
                            use fmin_fmax_functions
                                real(4), intent (in) :: normangle
                                real(4), intent (in) :: u
                                real(4), intent (in) :: n0_i
                                real(4), intent (in) :: n1_i
                                code = u * n1_i
                            end function
                            
                            function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
                            	return Float32(u * n1_i)
                            end
                            
                            function tmp = code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
                            	tmp = u * n1_i;
                            end
                            
                            \begin{array}{l}
                            
                            \\
                            u \cdot n1\_i
                            \end{array}
                            
                            Derivation
                            1. Initial program 97.1%

                              \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
                            2. Add Preprocessing
                            3. Taylor expanded in n0_i around 0

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i \cdot \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. *-commutativeN/A

                                \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i}}{\sin normAngle} \]
                              2. associate-/l*N/A

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                              3. lower-*.f32N/A

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                              4. lower-sin.f32N/A

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]
                              5. lower-*.f32N/A

                                \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]
                              6. lower-/.f32N/A

                                \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                              7. lower-sin.f3239.4

                                \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                            5. Applied rewrites39.4%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]
                            6. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

                              \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot \color{blue}{u} \]
                            7. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. Applied rewrites40.2%

                                \[\leadsto u \cdot \color{blue}{n1\_i} \]
                              2. Add Preprocessing

                              Reproduce

                              ?
                              herbie shell --seed 2024356 
                              (FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
                                :name "Curve intersection, scale width based on ribbon orientation"
                                :precision binary32
                                :pre (and (and (and (and (<= 0.0 normAngle) (<= normAngle (/ (PI) 2.0))) (and (<= -1.0 n0_i) (<= n0_i 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 n1_i) (<= n1_i 1.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)))
                                (+ (* (* (sin (* (- 1.0 u) normAngle)) (/ 1.0 (sin normAngle))) n0_i) (* (* (sin (* u normAngle)) (/ 1.0 (sin normAngle))) n1_i)))