HairBSDF, Mp, upper

Percentage Accurate: 98.5% → 98.8%
Time: 12.9s
Alternatives: 19
Speedup: 1.8×

Specification

?
\[\left(\left(\left(\left(\left(-1 \leq cosTheta\_i \land cosTheta\_i \leq 1\right) \land \left(-1 \leq cosTheta\_O \land cosTheta\_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta\_i \land sinTheta\_i \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta\_O \land sinTheta\_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land 0.1 < v\right) \land v \leq 1.5707964\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
  (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v);
}
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(-((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 19 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 98.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
  (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v);
}
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(-((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 98.8% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}}{2 \cdot v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  cosTheta_O
  (*
   (/ cosTheta_i v)
   (/
    (/ (pow (exp sinTheta_O) (/ (- sinTheta_i) v)) (* 2.0 v))
    (sinh (/ 1.0 v))))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_O * ((cosTheta_i / v) * ((powf(expf(sinTheta_O), (-sinTheta_i / v)) / (2.0f * v)) / sinhf((1.0f / v))));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_o * ((costheta_i / v) * (((exp(sintheta_o) ** (-sintheta_i / v)) / (2.0e0 * v)) / sinh((1.0e0 / v))))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i / v) * Float32(Float32((exp(sinTheta_O) ^ Float32(Float32(-sinTheta_i) / v)) / Float32(Float32(2.0) * v)) / sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)))))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_O * ((cosTheta_i / v) * (((exp(sinTheta_O) ^ (-sinTheta_i / v)) / (single(2.0) * v)) / sinh((single(1.0) / v))));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}}{2 \cdot v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    5. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    9. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}\right)} \]
    10. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}\right)} \]
    11. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}\right)} \]
    12. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}\right) \]
    13. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}}\right) \]
    14. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot v}\right) \]
    15. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)}}\right) \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}}{2 \cdot v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.7% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (*
   (* cosTheta_O cosTheta_i)
   (/ (pow (exp sinTheta_O) (/ (- sinTheta_i) v)) v))
  (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return ((cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) * (powf(expf(sinTheta_O), (-sinTheta_i / v)) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v);
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = ((costheta_o * costheta_i) * ((exp(sintheta_o) ** (-sintheta_i / v)) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v)
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) * Float32((exp(sinTheta_O) ^ Float32(Float32(-sinTheta_i) / v)) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = ((cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) * ((exp(sinTheta_O) ^ (-sinTheta_i / v)) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v);
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
\frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-*l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    9. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    10. lower-/.f3298.9

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    11. lift-exp.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    12. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    13. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    14. distribute-neg-frac2N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}}}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    15. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    16. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    17. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}}}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    18. exp-prodN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}\right)}}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    19. lower-pow.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}\right)}}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    20. lower-exp.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{{\color{blue}{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}\right)}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    21. frac-2negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_i\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    22. remove-double-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_i\right)}{\color{blue}{v}}\right)}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    23. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right)}}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    24. lower-neg.f3298.9

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{-sinTheta\_i}}{v}\right)}}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \frac{e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v + v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (/ (* (exp (* sinTheta_O (/ (- sinTheta_i) v))) cosTheta_i) (+ v v))
  (/ cosTheta_O (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) v))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return ((expf((sinTheta_O * (-sinTheta_i / v))) * cosTheta_i) / (v + v)) * (cosTheta_O / (sinhf((1.0f / v)) * v));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = ((exp((sintheta_o * (-sintheta_i / v))) * costheta_i) / (v + v)) * (costheta_o / (sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * v))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(sinTheta_O * Float32(Float32(-sinTheta_i) / v))) * cosTheta_i) / Float32(v + v)) * Float32(cosTheta_O / Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * v)))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = ((exp((sinTheta_O * (-sinTheta_i / v))) * cosTheta_i) / (v + v)) * (cosTheta_O / (sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * v));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
\frac{e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v + v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot sinTheta\_i}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, sinTheta\_i, \frac{\left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot 0.5}{v}\right)}{v}, sinTheta\_O, 1\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  5. Applied rewrites98.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \frac{\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}, sinTheta\_i\right), \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}, 1\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. lower-exp.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_O\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_O\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. lower-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right)} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. lower-/.f3298.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  8. Applied rewrites98.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. count-2-revN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{v + v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. lower-+.f3298.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{v + v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  10. Applied rewrites98.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{v + v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  11. Final simplification98.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v + v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 98.5% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}, -0.5, sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (/
   (*
    (-
     1.0
     (/
      (fma
       (* (* sinTheta_O sinTheta_O) (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_i) v))
       -0.5
       (* sinTheta_O sinTheta_i))
      v))
    cosTheta_i)
   (* 2.0 v))
  (/ cosTheta_O (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) v))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (((1.0f - (fmaf(((sinTheta_O * sinTheta_O) * ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_i) / v)), -0.5f, (sinTheta_O * sinTheta_i)) / v)) * cosTheta_i) / (2.0f * v)) * (cosTheta_O / (sinhf((1.0f / v)) * v));
}
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(fma(Float32(Float32(sinTheta_O * sinTheta_O) * Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_i) / v)), Float32(-0.5), Float32(sinTheta_O * sinTheta_i)) / v)) * cosTheta_i) / Float32(Float32(2.0) * v)) * Float32(cosTheta_O / Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * v)))
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
\frac{\left(1 - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}, -0.5, sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot sinTheta\_i}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, sinTheta\_i, \frac{\left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot 0.5}{v}\right)}{v}, sinTheta\_O, 1\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  5. Applied rewrites98.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \frac{\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}, sinTheta\_i\right), \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}, 1\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. lower-exp.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_O\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_O\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. lower-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right)} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. lower-/.f3298.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  8. Applied rewrites98.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in v around -inf

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot {sinTheta\_i}^{2}}{v} + sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fp-cancel-sign-sub-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot {sinTheta\_i}^{2}}{v} + sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - \color{blue}{1} \cdot \frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot {sinTheta\_i}^{2}}{v} + sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. *-lft-identityN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot {sinTheta\_i}^{2}}{v} + sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot {sinTheta\_i}^{2}}{v} + sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot {sinTheta\_i}^{2}}{v} + sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot {sinTheta\_i}^{2}}{v} \cdot \frac{-1}{2}} + sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. lower-fma.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot {sinTheta\_i}^{2}}{v}, \frac{-1}{2}, sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_i}^{2}}{v}}, \frac{-1}{2}, sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    9. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_i}^{2}}{v}}, \frac{-1}{2}, sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    10. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O\right)} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_i}^{2}}{v}, \frac{-1}{2}, sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    11. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O\right)} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_i}^{2}}{v}, \frac{-1}{2}, sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    12. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{{sinTheta\_i}^{2}}{v}}, \frac{-1}{2}, sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    13. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}, \frac{-1}{2}, sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    14. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{v}, \frac{-1}{2}, sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    15. lower-*.f3298.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(1 - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}, -0.5, \color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}\right)}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  11. Applied rewrites98.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}, -0.5, sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 98.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-0.5 \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}, \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}, \frac{0.5}{v}\right)}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  cosTheta_O
  (*
   (/ cosTheta_i v)
   (/
    (fma (/ (* -0.5 sinTheta_O) v) (/ sinTheta_i v) (/ 0.5 v))
    (sinh (/ 1.0 v))))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_O * ((cosTheta_i / v) * (fmaf(((-0.5f * sinTheta_O) / v), (sinTheta_i / v), (0.5f / v)) / sinhf((1.0f / v))));
}
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i / v) * Float32(fma(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.5) * sinTheta_O) / v), Float32(sinTheta_i / v), Float32(Float32(0.5) / v)) / sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)))))
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-0.5 \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}, \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}, \frac{0.5}{v}\right)}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    5. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    9. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}\right)} \]
    10. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}\right)} \]
    11. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}\right)} \]
    12. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}\right) \]
    13. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}}\right) \]
    14. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot v}\right) \]
    15. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)}}\right) \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}}{2 \cdot v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{{v}^{2}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{{v}^{2}}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
    2. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{{v}^{2}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
    3. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}{{v}^{2}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
    4. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
    5. times-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
    6. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v} + \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
    7. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v} + \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
    8. lower-fma.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}, \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
    9. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}, \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
    10. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2}} \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}, \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
    11. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}, \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
    12. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}, \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
    13. lower-/.f3298.8

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-0.5 \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}, \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}, \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{v}}\right)}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  7. Applied rewrites98.8%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-0.5 \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}, \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}, \frac{0.5}{v}\right)}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 98.5% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v} - \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (*
   -0.5
   (- (* (/ (* cosTheta_i sinTheta_O) v) (/ sinTheta_i v)) (/ cosTheta_i v)))
  (/ cosTheta_O (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) v))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (-0.5f * ((((cosTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v) * (sinTheta_i / v)) - (cosTheta_i / v))) * (cosTheta_O / (sinhf((1.0f / v)) * v));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = ((-0.5e0) * ((((costheta_i * sintheta_o) / v) * (sintheta_i / v)) - (costheta_i / v))) * (costheta_o / (sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * v))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.5) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v) * Float32(sinTheta_i / v)) - Float32(cosTheta_i / v))) * Float32(cosTheta_O / Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * v)))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (single(-0.5) * ((((cosTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v) * (sinTheta_i / v)) - (cosTheta_i / v))) * (cosTheta_O / (sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * v));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v} - \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot sinTheta\_i}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, sinTheta\_i, \frac{\left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot 0.5}{v}\right)}{v}, sinTheta\_O, 1\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  5. Applied rewrites98.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \frac{\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}, sinTheta\_i\right), \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}, 1\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around inf

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. lower-exp.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{sinTheta\_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_O\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(sinTheta\_O\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. lower-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right)} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. lower-/.f3298.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  8. Applied rewrites98.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\left(-sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{{v}^{2}} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fp-cancel-sign-sub-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{{v}^{2}} - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{{v}^{2}} - \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. distribute-lft-out--N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{{v}^{2}} - \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{{v}^{2}} - \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i\right)}{{v}^{2}} - \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}}{{v}^{2}} - \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot sinTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} - \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. times-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} - \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    9. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} - \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    10. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v} - \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    11. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v} - \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    12. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}} - \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    13. lower-/.f3298.5

      \[\leadsto \left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v} - \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  11. Applied rewrites98.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_i}{v} - \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 98.5% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(1 - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (* cosTheta_O (- 1.0 (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v)))
  (/ cosTheta_i (* (* v (* 2.0 v)) (sinh (/ 1.0 v))))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (cosTheta_O * (1.0f - ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * (cosTheta_i / ((v * (2.0f * v)) * sinhf((1.0f / v))));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (costheta_o * (1.0e0 - ((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v))) * (costheta_i / ((v * (2.0e0 * v)) * sinh((1.0e0 / v))))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * Float32(cosTheta_i / Float32(Float32(v * Float32(Float32(2.0) * v)) * sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)))))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (cosTheta_O * (single(1.0) - ((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * (cosTheta_i / ((v * (single(2.0) * v)) * sinh((single(1.0) / v))));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(1 - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-/l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
    6. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
    8. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
    9. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
    10. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot {\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

    \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fp-cancel-sign-sub-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    2. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{1} \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    3. *-lft-identityN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    4. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    5. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta\_O \cdot sinTheta\_i}{v}}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    7. lower-*.f3298.5

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  7. Applied rewrites98.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  8. Final simplification98.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(1 - \frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 98.6% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* cosTheta_O (* (/ cosTheta_i v) (/ (/ 0.5 v) (sinh (/ 1.0 v))))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_O * ((cosTheta_i / v) * ((0.5f / v) / sinhf((1.0f / v))));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_o * ((costheta_i / v) * ((0.5e0 / v) / sinh((1.0e0 / v))))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i / v) * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) / sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)))))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_O * ((cosTheta_i / v) * ((single(0.5) / v) / sinh((single(1.0) / v))));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    5. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    8. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    9. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}\right)} \]
    10. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}\right)} \]
    11. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}\right)} \]
    12. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}\right) \]
    13. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}}\right) \]
    14. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)} \cdot v}\right) \]
    15. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)}}\right) \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}}{2 \cdot v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-/.f3298.5

      \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  7. Applied rewrites98.5%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 98.4% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* (* 0.5 (/ cosTheta_i v)) (/ cosTheta_O (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) v))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (0.5f * (cosTheta_i / v)) * (cosTheta_O / (sinhf((1.0f / v)) * v));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (0.5e0 * (costheta_i / v)) * (costheta_o / (sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * v))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) * Float32(cosTheta_i / v)) * Float32(cosTheta_O / Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * v)))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (single(0.5) * (cosTheta_i / v)) * (cosTheta_O / (sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * v));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot sinTheta\_i}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, sinTheta\_i, \frac{\left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot 0.5}{v}\right)}{v}, sinTheta\_O, 1\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  5. Applied rewrites98.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, \frac{\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}, sinTheta\_i\right), \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}, 1\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. lower-/.f3298.2

      \[\leadsto \left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  8. Applied rewrites98.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 98.4% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)} \end{array} \]
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* (* cosTheta_O 1.0) (/ cosTheta_i (* 2.0 (* v (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) v))))))
assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (cosTheta_O * 1.0f) * (cosTheta_i / (2.0f * (v * (sinhf((1.0f / v)) * v))));
}
NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (costheta_o * 1.0e0) * (costheta_i / (2.0e0 * (v * (sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * v))))
end function
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(1.0)) * Float32(cosTheta_i / Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(v * Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * v)))))
end
cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (cosTheta_O * single(1.0)) * (cosTheta_i / (single(2.0) * (v * (sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * v))));
end
\begin{array}{l}
[cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
\\
\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    3. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. associate-/l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
    6. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
    8. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
    9. associate-/l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
    10. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot {\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

    \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Applied rewrites98.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
      2. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot v\right)} \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
      4. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
      5. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right)} \cdot \left(v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} \]
      6. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
      7. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
      8. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
      9. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
      10. lower-*.f3298.3

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    3. Applied rewrites98.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
    4. Final simplification98.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 11: 69.9% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, sinTheta\_i, \frac{\left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot 0.5}{v}\right)}{v}, sinTheta\_O, 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.016666666666666666}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.3333333333333333\right)}{v \cdot v} - 2}{-v} \cdot v} \end{array} \]
    NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
    (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
     :precision binary32
     (/
      (*
       (fma
        (/
         (fma
          -1.0
          sinTheta_i
          (/ (* (* (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_i) sinTheta_O) 0.5) v))
         v)
        sinTheta_O
        1.0)
       (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
      (*
       (/
        (-
         (/
          (fma (/ 0.016666666666666666 (* v v)) -1.0 -0.3333333333333333)
          (* v v))
         2.0)
        (- v))
       v)))
    assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
    float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
    	return (fmaf((fmaf(-1.0f, sinTheta_i, ((((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_i) * sinTheta_O) * 0.5f) / v)) / v), sinTheta_O, 1.0f) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((((fmaf((0.016666666666666666f / (v * v)), -1.0f, -0.3333333333333333f) / (v * v)) - 2.0f) / -v) * v);
    }
    
    cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
    function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	return Float32(Float32(fma(Float32(fma(Float32(-1.0), sinTheta_i, Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_i) * sinTheta_O) * Float32(0.5)) / v)) / v), sinTheta_O, Float32(1.0)) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(fma(Float32(Float32(0.016666666666666666) / Float32(v * v)), Float32(-1.0), Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / Float32(v * v)) - Float32(2.0)) / Float32(-v)) * v))
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
    \\
    \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, sinTheta\_i, \frac{\left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot 0.5}{v}\right)}{v}, sinTheta\_O, 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.016666666666666666}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.3333333333333333\right)}{v \cdot v} - 2}{-v} \cdot v}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.6%

      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + sinTheta\_i \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{sinTheta\_O}{v} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{{sinTheta\_O}^{2} \cdot sinTheta\_i}{{v}^{2}}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. Applied rewrites98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, sinTheta\_i, \frac{\left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot 0.5}{v}\right)}{v}, sinTheta\_O, 1\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in v around -inf

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, sinTheta\_i, \frac{\left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}{v}, sinTheta\_O, 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 2}{v}\right)} \cdot v} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, sinTheta\_i, \frac{\left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}{v}, sinTheta\_O, 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 2}{v}\right)\right)} \cdot v} \]
      2. distribute-neg-frac2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, sinTheta\_i, \frac{\left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}{v}, sinTheta\_O, 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 2}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}} \cdot v} \]
      3. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, sinTheta\_i, \frac{\left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}{v}\right)}{v}, sinTheta\_O, 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 2}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}} \cdot v} \]
    7. Applied rewrites72.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1, sinTheta\_i, \frac{\left(\left(sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_i\right) \cdot sinTheta\_O\right) \cdot 0.5}{v}\right)}{v}, sinTheta\_O, 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.016666666666666666}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.3333333333333333\right)}{v \cdot v} - 2}{-v}} \cdot v} \]
    8. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 12: 69.9% accurate, 3.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.16666666666666666\right)}{\left(-v\right) \cdot v} - -1}{v} \cdot v\right)\right)} \end{array} \]
    NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
    (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
     :precision binary32
     (*
      (* cosTheta_O 1.0)
      (/
       cosTheta_i
       (*
        2.0
        (*
         v
         (*
          (/
           (-
            (/
             (fma (/ 0.008333333333333333 (* v v)) -1.0 -0.16666666666666666)
             (* (- v) v))
            -1.0)
           v)
          v))))))
    assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
    float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
    	return (cosTheta_O * 1.0f) * (cosTheta_i / (2.0f * (v * ((((fmaf((0.008333333333333333f / (v * v)), -1.0f, -0.16666666666666666f) / (-v * v)) - -1.0f) / v) * v))));
    }
    
    cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
    function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(1.0)) * Float32(cosTheta_i / Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(v * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(fma(Float32(Float32(0.008333333333333333) / Float32(v * v)), Float32(-1.0), Float32(-0.16666666666666666)) / Float32(Float32(-v) * v)) - Float32(-1.0)) / v) * v)))))
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
    \\
    \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.16666666666666666\right)}{\left(-v\right) \cdot v} - -1}{v} \cdot v\right)\right)}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.6%

      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
      2. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      3. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      4. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      5. associate-/l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
      6. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
      8. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
      9. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
      10. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot {\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites98.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
        2. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
        3. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot v\right)} \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
        4. associate-*r*N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
        5. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right)} \cdot \left(v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} \]
        6. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
        7. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
        8. associate-*l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
        9. lower-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
        10. lower-*.f3298.3

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
      3. Applied rewrites98.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
      4. Taylor expanded in v around -inf

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1}{v}\right)} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. mul-1-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1}{v}\right)\right)} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
        2. distribute-neg-frac2N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
        3. lower-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 1}{\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)}} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
      6. Applied rewrites72.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.16666666666666666\right)}{v \cdot v} - 1}{-v}} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
      7. Final simplification72.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.008333333333333333}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.16666666666666666\right)}{\left(-v\right) \cdot v} - -1}{v} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
      8. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 13: 69.9% accurate, 3.9× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(-v\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.016666666666666666}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.3333333333333333\right)}{v \cdot v} - 2\right)} \end{array} \]
      NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
      (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
       :precision binary32
       (*
        (* cosTheta_O 1.0)
        (/
         cosTheta_i
         (*
          (- v)
          (-
           (/
            (fma (/ 0.016666666666666666 (* v v)) -1.0 -0.3333333333333333)
            (* v v))
           2.0)))))
      assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
      float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
      	return (cosTheta_O * 1.0f) * (cosTheta_i / (-v * ((fmaf((0.016666666666666666f / (v * v)), -1.0f, -0.3333333333333333f) / (v * v)) - 2.0f)));
      }
      
      cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
      function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
      	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(1.0)) * Float32(cosTheta_i / Float32(Float32(-v) * Float32(Float32(fma(Float32(Float32(0.016666666666666666) / Float32(v * v)), Float32(-1.0), Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / Float32(v * v)) - Float32(2.0)))))
      end
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
      \\
      \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(-v\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.016666666666666666}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.3333333333333333\right)}{v \cdot v} - 2\right)}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 98.6%

        \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
        2. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        3. lift-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        4. associate-*r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        5. associate-/l/N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
        6. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
        7. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
        8. associate-*r*N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
        9. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
        10. lower-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
      4. Applied rewrites98.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot {\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

        \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites98.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
        2. Taylor expanded in v around -inf

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 2\right)\right)}} \]
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-*r*N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 2\right)}} \]
          2. mul-1-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 2\right)} \]
          3. lower-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(v\right)\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 2\right)}} \]
          4. lower-neg.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(-v\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 2\right)} \]
          5. lower--.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(-v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{{v}^{2}} - 2\right)}} \]
        4. Applied rewrites72.0%

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(-v\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.016666666666666666}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.3333333333333333\right)}{v \cdot v} - 2\right)}} \]
        5. Final simplification72.0%

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(-v\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.016666666666666666}{v \cdot v}, -1, -0.3333333333333333\right)}{v \cdot v} - 2\right)} \]
        6. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 14: 63.7% accurate, 4.1× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{v \cdot v} + 1}{v} \cdot v\right)\right)} \end{array} \]
        NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
        (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
         :precision binary32
         (*
          (* cosTheta_O 1.0)
          (/
           cosTheta_i
           (* 2.0 (* v (* (/ (+ (/ 0.16666666666666666 (* v v)) 1.0) v) v))))))
        assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
        float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
        	return (cosTheta_O * 1.0f) * (cosTheta_i / (2.0f * (v * ((((0.16666666666666666f / (v * v)) + 1.0f) / v) * v))));
        }
        
        NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
        module fmin_fmax_functions
            implicit none
            private
            public fmax
            public fmin
        
            interface fmax
                module procedure fmax88
                module procedure fmax44
                module procedure fmax84
                module procedure fmax48
            end interface
            interface fmin
                module procedure fmin88
                module procedure fmin44
                module procedure fmin84
                module procedure fmin48
            end interface
        contains
            real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
            end function
            real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
            end function
            real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
            end function
            real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
            end function
            real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
            end function
            real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
            end function
            real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                real(4), intent (in) :: y
                res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
            end function
            real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                real(4), intent (in) :: x
                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
            end function
        end module
        
        real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
        use fmin_fmax_functions
            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
            real(4), intent (in) :: v
            code = (costheta_o * 1.0e0) * (costheta_i / (2.0e0 * (v * ((((0.16666666666666666e0 / (v * v)) + 1.0e0) / v) * v))))
        end function
        
        cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
        function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
        	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(1.0)) * Float32(cosTheta_i / Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(v * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(v * v)) + Float32(1.0)) / v) * v)))))
        end
        
        cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
        function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
        	tmp = (cosTheta_O * single(1.0)) * (cosTheta_i / (single(2.0) * (v * ((((single(0.16666666666666666) / (v * v)) + single(1.0)) / v) * v))));
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
        \\
        \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{v \cdot v} + 1}{v} \cdot v\right)\right)}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.6%

          \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
          2. lift-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          3. lift-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          4. associate-*r/N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          5. associate-/l/N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
          6. lift-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
          7. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
          8. associate-*r*N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
          9. associate-/l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
          10. lower-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
        4. Applied rewrites98.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot {\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

          \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites98.3%

            \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
          2. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-*.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
            2. lift-*.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
            3. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot v\right)} \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
            4. associate-*r*N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
            5. lift-*.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot v\right)} \cdot \left(v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} \]
            6. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
            7. lift-*.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
            8. associate-*l*N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
            9. lower-*.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
            10. lower-*.f3298.3

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
          3. Applied rewrites98.3%

            \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot v\right)\right)}} \]
          4. Taylor expanded in v around inf

            \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{v}} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
          5. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-/.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{v}} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
            2. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}} + 1}}{v} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
            3. lower-+.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}} + 1}}{v} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
            4. associate-*r/N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{6} \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}} + 1}{v} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
            5. metadata-evalN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}}}{{v}^{2}} + 1}{v} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
            6. lower-/.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{6}}{{v}^{2}}} + 1}{v} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
            7. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{\frac{1}{6}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} + 1}{v} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
            8. lower-*.f3265.8

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} + 1}{v} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
          6. Applied rewrites65.8%

            \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{v \cdot v} + 1}{v}} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
          7. Final simplification65.8%

            \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{2 \cdot \left(v \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{v \cdot v} + 1}{v} \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
          8. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 15: 63.7% accurate, 5.9× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
          NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
          (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
           :precision binary32
           (*
            (* cosTheta_O 1.0)
            (/ cosTheta_i (* (+ (/ 0.3333333333333333 (* v v)) 2.0) v))))
          assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
          float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
          	return (cosTheta_O * 1.0f) * (cosTheta_i / (((0.3333333333333333f / (v * v)) + 2.0f) * v));
          }
          
          NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
          module fmin_fmax_functions
              implicit none
              private
              public fmax
              public fmin
          
              interface fmax
                  module procedure fmax88
                  module procedure fmax44
                  module procedure fmax84
                  module procedure fmax48
              end interface
              interface fmin
                  module procedure fmin88
                  module procedure fmin44
                  module procedure fmin84
                  module procedure fmin48
              end interface
          contains
              real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: x
                  real(8), intent (in) :: y
                  res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
              end function
              real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                  real(4), intent (in) :: x
                  real(4), intent (in) :: y
                  res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
              end function
              real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: x
                  real(4), intent (in) :: y
                  res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
              end function
              real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                  real(4), intent (in) :: x
                  real(8), intent (in) :: y
                  res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
              end function
              real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: x
                  real(8), intent (in) :: y
                  res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
              end function
              real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                  real(4), intent (in) :: x
                  real(4), intent (in) :: y
                  res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
              end function
              real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: x
                  real(4), intent (in) :: y
                  res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
              end function
              real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                  real(4), intent (in) :: x
                  real(8), intent (in) :: y
                  res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
              end function
          end module
          
          real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
          use fmin_fmax_functions
              real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
              real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
              real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
              real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
              real(4), intent (in) :: v
              code = (costheta_o * 1.0e0) * (costheta_i / (((0.3333333333333333e0 / (v * v)) + 2.0e0) * v))
          end function
          
          cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
          function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
          	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(1.0)) * Float32(cosTheta_i / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / Float32(v * v)) + Float32(2.0)) * v)))
          end
          
          cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
          function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
          	tmp = (cosTheta_O * single(1.0)) * (cosTheta_i / (((single(0.3333333333333333) / (v * v)) + single(2.0)) * v));
          end
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
          \\
          \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2\right) \cdot v}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Initial program 98.6%

            \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-/.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
            2. lift-*.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
            3. lift-/.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
            4. associate-*r/N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
            5. associate-/l/N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
            6. lift-*.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
            7. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
            8. associate-*r*N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
            9. associate-/l*N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
            10. lower-*.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
          4. Applied rewrites98.7%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot {\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{-sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
          5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

            \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites98.3%

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
            2. Taylor expanded in v around inf

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(2 + \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right)}} \]
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(2 + \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right) \cdot v}} \]
              2. lower-*.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(2 + \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right) \cdot v}} \]
              3. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}} + 2\right)} \cdot v} \]
              4. lower-+.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}} + 2\right)} \cdot v} \]
              5. associate-*r/N/A

                \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{3} \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}} + 2\right) \cdot v} \]
              6. metadata-evalN/A

                \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}}{{v}^{2}} + 2\right) \cdot v} \]
              7. lower-/.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{{v}^{2}}} + 2\right) \cdot v} \]
              8. unpow2N/A

                \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} + 2\right) \cdot v} \]
              9. lower-*.f3265.8

                \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(\frac{0.3333333333333333}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} + 2\right) \cdot v} \]
            4. Applied rewrites65.8%

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
            5. Final simplification65.8%

              \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot 1\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2\right) \cdot v} \]
            6. Add Preprocessing

            Alternative 16: 58.1% accurate, 12.4× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \frac{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 0.5}{v} \end{array} \]
            NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
            (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
             :precision binary32
             (/ (* (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) 0.5) v))
            assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
            float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
            	return ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) * 0.5f) / v;
            }
            
            NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
            module fmin_fmax_functions
                implicit none
                private
                public fmax
                public fmin
            
                interface fmax
                    module procedure fmax88
                    module procedure fmax44
                    module procedure fmax84
                    module procedure fmax48
                end interface
                interface fmin
                    module procedure fmin88
                    module procedure fmin44
                    module procedure fmin84
                    module procedure fmin48
                end interface
            contains
                real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                    real(4), intent (in) :: x
                    real(4), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                    real(4), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                    real(4), intent (in) :: x
                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                    real(4), intent (in) :: x
                    real(4), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                    real(8), intent (in) :: x
                    real(4), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
                real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                    real(4), intent (in) :: x
                    real(8), intent (in) :: y
                    res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                end function
            end module
            
            real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
            use fmin_fmax_functions
                real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
                real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                real(4), intent (in) :: v
                code = ((costheta_i * costheta_o) * 0.5e0) / v
            end function
            
            cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
            function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
            	return Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) * Float32(0.5)) / v)
            end
            
            cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
            function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
            	tmp = ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) * single(0.5)) / v;
            end
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
            \\
            \frac{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 0.5}{v}
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Initial program 98.6%

              \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lower-*.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
              2. lower-/.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
              3. lower-*.f3260.0

                \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v} \]
            5. Applied rewrites60.0%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
            6. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites60.1%

                \[\leadsto \frac{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 0.5}{\color{blue}{v}} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 17: 58.1% accurate, 12.4× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \end{array} \]
              NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
               :precision binary32
               (/ (* (* 0.5 cosTheta_i) cosTheta_O) v))
              assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
              float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
              	return ((0.5f * cosTheta_i) * cosTheta_O) / v;
              }
              
              NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              module fmin_fmax_functions
                  implicit none
                  private
                  public fmax
                  public fmin
              
                  interface fmax
                      module procedure fmax88
                      module procedure fmax44
                      module procedure fmax84
                      module procedure fmax48
                  end interface
                  interface fmin
                      module procedure fmin88
                      module procedure fmin44
                      module procedure fmin84
                      module procedure fmin48
                  end interface
              contains
                  real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(4), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
                  real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                  end function
              end module
              
              real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
              use fmin_fmax_functions
                  real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                  real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
                  real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                  real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                  real(4), intent (in) :: v
                  code = ((0.5e0 * costheta_i) * costheta_o) / v
              end function
              
              cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
              function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
              	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) * cosTheta_i) * cosTheta_O) / v)
              end
              
              cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
              function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
              	tmp = ((single(0.5) * cosTheta_i) * cosTheta_O) / v;
              end
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
              \\
              \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Initial program 98.6%

                \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower-*.f32N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                2. lower-/.f32N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                3. lower-*.f3260.0

                  \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v} \]
              5. Applied rewrites60.0%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
              6. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites60.0%

                  \[\leadsto \left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} \]
                2. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites60.1%

                    \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot cosTheta\_O}{\color{blue}{v}} \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing

                  Alternative 18: 58.0% accurate, 12.4× speedup?

                  \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ \left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \end{array} \]
                  NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                  (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                   :precision binary32
                   (* (* 0.5 cosTheta_i) (/ cosTheta_O v)))
                  assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
                  float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
                  	return (0.5f * cosTheta_i) * (cosTheta_O / v);
                  }
                  
                  NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                  module fmin_fmax_functions
                      implicit none
                      private
                      public fmax
                      public fmin
                  
                      interface fmax
                          module procedure fmax88
                          module procedure fmax44
                          module procedure fmax84
                          module procedure fmax48
                      end interface
                      interface fmin
                          module procedure fmin88
                          module procedure fmin44
                          module procedure fmin84
                          module procedure fmin48
                      end interface
                  contains
                      real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                          real(8), intent (in) :: x
                          real(8), intent (in) :: y
                          res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                      end function
                      real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                          real(4), intent (in) :: x
                          real(4), intent (in) :: y
                          res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                      end function
                      real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                          real(8), intent (in) :: x
                          real(4), intent (in) :: y
                          res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                      end function
                      real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                          real(4), intent (in) :: x
                          real(8), intent (in) :: y
                          res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                      end function
                      real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                          real(8), intent (in) :: x
                          real(8), intent (in) :: y
                          res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                      end function
                      real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                          real(4), intent (in) :: x
                          real(4), intent (in) :: y
                          res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                      end function
                      real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                          real(8), intent (in) :: x
                          real(4), intent (in) :: y
                          res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                      end function
                      real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                          real(4), intent (in) :: x
                          real(8), intent (in) :: y
                          res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                      end function
                  end module
                  
                  real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
                  use fmin_fmax_functions
                      real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                      real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
                      real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                      real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                      real(4), intent (in) :: v
                      code = (0.5e0 * costheta_i) * (costheta_o / v)
                  end function
                  
                  cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
                  function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                  	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) * cosTheta_i) * Float32(cosTheta_O / v))
                  end
                  
                  cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
                  function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                  	tmp = (single(0.5) * cosTheta_i) * (cosTheta_O / v);
                  end
                  
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
                  \\
                  \left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}
                  \end{array}
                  
                  Derivation
                  1. Initial program 98.6%

                    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. lower-*.f32N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                    2. lower-/.f32N/A

                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                    3. lower-*.f3260.0

                      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v} \]
                  5. Applied rewrites60.0%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                  6. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites60.0%

                      \[\leadsto \left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing

                    Alternative 19: 58.1% accurate, 12.4× speedup?

                    \[\begin{array}{l} [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\ \\ 0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v} \end{array} \]
                    NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                    (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                     :precision binary32
                     (* 0.5 (/ (* cosTheta_O cosTheta_i) v)))
                    assert(cosTheta_i < cosTheta_O && cosTheta_O < sinTheta_i && sinTheta_i < sinTheta_O && sinTheta_O < v);
                    float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
                    	return 0.5f * ((cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / v);
                    }
                    
                    NOTE: cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, and v should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                    module fmin_fmax_functions
                        implicit none
                        private
                        public fmax
                        public fmin
                    
                        interface fmax
                            module procedure fmax88
                            module procedure fmax44
                            module procedure fmax84
                            module procedure fmax48
                        end interface
                        interface fmin
                            module procedure fmin88
                            module procedure fmin44
                            module procedure fmin84
                            module procedure fmin48
                        end interface
                    contains
                        real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
                            real(4), intent (in) :: x
                            real(4), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                            real(4), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
                            real(4), intent (in) :: x
                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
                            real(4), intent (in) :: x
                            real(4), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                            real(4), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                        real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
                            real(4), intent (in) :: x
                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                            res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
                        end function
                    end module
                    
                    real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
                    use fmin_fmax_functions
                        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
                        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                        real(4), intent (in) :: v
                        code = 0.5e0 * ((costheta_o * costheta_i) / v)
                    end function
                    
                    cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])
                    function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                    	return Float32(Float32(0.5) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / v))
                    end
                    
                    cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v = num2cell(sort([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])){:}
                    function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                    	tmp = single(0.5) * ((cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / v);
                    end
                    
                    \begin{array}{l}
                    [cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v] = \mathsf{sort}([cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v])\\
                    \\
                    0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}
                    \end{array}
                    
                    Derivation
                    1. Initial program 98.6%

                      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. lower-*.f32N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                      2. lower-/.f32N/A

                        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                      3. lower-*.f3260.0

                        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v} \]
                    5. Applied rewrites60.0%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                    6. Add Preprocessing

                    Reproduce

                    ?
                    herbie shell --seed 2024351 
                    (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                      :name "HairBSDF, Mp, upper"
                      :precision binary32
                      :pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_i) (<= cosTheta_i 1.0)) (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_O) (<= cosTheta_O 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_i) (<= sinTheta_i 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_O) (<= sinTheta_O 1.0))) (< 0.1 v)) (<= v 1.5707964))
                      (/ (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v)) (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))