Radioactive exchange between two surfaces

Percentage Accurate: 85.9% → 99.8%

Time: 6.0s

Alternatives: 6

Speedup: 7.4×

• 60.6% of points produce a very large (infinite) output. You may want to add a precondition.

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (- (pow x 4.0) (pow y 4.0)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return pow(x, 4.0) - pow(y, 4.0);
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = (x ** 4.0d0) - (y ** 4.0d0)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return Math.pow(x, 4.0) - Math.pow(y, 4.0);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return math.pow(x, 4.0) - math.pow(y, 4.0)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64((x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = (x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[Power[x, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[y, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 85.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ {x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (- (pow x 4.0) (pow y 4.0)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return pow(x, 4.0) - pow(y, 4.0);
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = (x ** 4.0d0) - (y ** 4.0d0)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return Math.pow(x, 4.0) - Math.pow(y, 4.0);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return math.pow(x, 4.0) - math.pow(y, 4.0)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64((x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = (x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[Power[x, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[y, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.8% accurate, 7.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (* (fma y y (* x x)) (* (+ x y) (- x y))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return fma(y, y, (x * x)) * ((x + y) * (x - y));
}

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(fma(y, y, Float64(x * x)) * Float64(Float64(x + y) * Float64(x - y)))
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(y * y + N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 85.9%

   \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift--.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}} \]

   2. lift-pow.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} - {y}^{4} \]

   3. sqr-pow N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} - {y}^{4} \]

   4. lift-pow.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{4}} \]

   5. sqr-pow N/A

      \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} \]

   6. difference-of-squares N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \]

   7. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \]

   8. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   9. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \left({y}^{\color{blue}{2}} + {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   10. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{y \cdot y} + {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   11. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, {x}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   13. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, \color{blue}{x \cdot x}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   14. lower-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, \color{blue}{x \cdot x}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   15. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\color{blue}{2}} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   16. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot x} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

   17. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x - {y}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \]

   18. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x - \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \]

   19. difference-of-squares N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

   20. lower-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

   21. lower-+.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)} \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

   22. lower--.f64 99.8

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x - y\right)}\right) \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.6% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-311}:\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot \left(y \cdot \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (- (pow x 4.0) (pow y 4.0)) -2e-311)
   (* y (* y (* (- y) y)))
   (* (* 1.0 (* x x)) (* (+ x y) (- x y)))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if ((pow(x, 4.0) - pow(y, 4.0)) <= -2e-311) {
		tmp = y * (y * (-y * y));
	} else {
		tmp = (1.0 * (x * x)) * ((x + y) * (x - y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (((x ** 4.0d0) - (y ** 4.0d0)) <= (-2d-311)) then
        tmp = y * (y * (-y * y))
    else
        tmp = (1.0d0 * (x * x)) * ((x + y) * (x - y))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if ((Math.pow(x, 4.0) - Math.pow(y, 4.0)) <= -2e-311) {
		tmp = y * (y * (-y * y));
	} else {
		tmp = (1.0 * (x * x)) * ((x + y) * (x - y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if (math.pow(x, 4.0) - math.pow(y, 4.0)) <= -2e-311:
		tmp = y * (y * (-y * y))
	else:
		tmp = (1.0 * (x * x)) * ((x + y) * (x - y))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64((x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0)) <= -2e-311)
		tmp = Float64(y * Float64(y * Float64(Float64(-y) * y)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(1.0 * Float64(x * x)) * Float64(Float64(x + y) * Float64(x - y)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (((x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0)) <= -2e-311)
		tmp = y * (y * (-y * y));
	else
		tmp = (1.0 * (x * x)) * ((x + y) * (x - y));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[Power[x, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[y, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -2e-311], N[(y * N[(y * N[((-y) * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(1.0 * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (-.f64 (pow.f64 x #s(literal 4 binary64)) (pow.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64))) < -1.9999999999999e-311

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot {y}^{4}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left({y}^{4}\right)} \]

      2. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]

      3. lower-pow.f64 100.0

         \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{{y}^{4}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

   9. Applied rewrites 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(-y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-y\right) \cdot \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right)\right)} \]

   if -1.9999999999999e-311 < (-.f64 (pow.f64 x #s(literal 4 binary64)) (pow.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64)))

   1. Initial program 76.9%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}} \]

      2. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} - {y}^{4} \]

      3. sqr-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} - {y}^{4} \]

      4. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{4}} \]

      5. sqr-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} \]

      6. difference-of-squares N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \]

      7. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \]

      8. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      9. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({y}^{\color{blue}{2}} + {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      10. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{y \cdot y} + {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      11. lower-fma.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      12. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, {x}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      13. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, \color{blue}{x \cdot x}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      14. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, \color{blue}{x \cdot x}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      15. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\color{blue}{2}} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      16. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot x} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      17. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x - {y}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \]

      18. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x - \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \]

      19. difference-of-squares N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      20. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      21. lower-+.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)} \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      22. lower--.f64 99.9

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x - y\right)}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

   6. Applied rewrites 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(y - x\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right)}{y - x}} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

   7. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + \frac{{y}^{2}}{{x}^{2}}\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 + \frac{{y}^{2}}{{x}^{2}}\right) \cdot {x}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 + \frac{{y}^{2}}{{x}^{2}}\right) \cdot {x}^{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      3. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{{y}^{2}}{{x}^{2}} + 1\right)} \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      4. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\frac{\color{blue}{y \cdot y}}{{x}^{2}} + 1\right) \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      5. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\frac{y \cdot y}{\color{blue}{x \cdot x}} + 1\right) \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      6. times-frac N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\frac{y}{x} \cdot \frac{y}{x}} + 1\right) \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      7. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{x}, \frac{y}{x}, 1\right)} \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      8. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{y}{x}}, \frac{y}{x}, 1\right) \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      9. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{x}, \color{blue}{\frac{y}{x}}, 1\right) \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      10. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{x}, \frac{y}{x}, 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      11. lower-*.f64 99.9

          \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{x}, \frac{y}{x}, 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

   9. Applied rewrites 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{y}{x}, \frac{y}{x}, 1\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

   10. Taylor expanded in x around inf

       \[\leadsto \left(1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x} \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]
   11. Step-by-step derivation

   12. Applied rewrites 99.5%

       \[\leadsto \left(1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x} \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-311}:\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot \left(y \cdot \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 92.4% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-311}:\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot \left(y \cdot \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (- (pow x 4.0) (pow y 4.0)) -2e-311)
   (* y (* y (* (- y) y)))
   (* (fma y y (* x x)) (* x x))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if ((pow(x, 4.0) - pow(y, 4.0)) <= -2e-311) {
		tmp = y * (y * (-y * y));
	} else {
		tmp = fma(y, y, (x * x)) * (x * x);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64((x ^ 4.0) - (y ^ 4.0)) <= -2e-311)
		tmp = Float64(y * Float64(y * Float64(Float64(-y) * y)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(fma(y, y, Float64(x * x)) * Float64(x * x));
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[N[(N[Power[x, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[y, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -2e-311], N[(y * N[(y * N[((-y) * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(y * y + N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (-.f64 (pow.f64 x #s(literal 4 binary64)) (pow.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64))) < -1.9999999999999e-311

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot {y}^{4}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left({y}^{4}\right)} \]

      2. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]

      3. lower-pow.f64 100.0

         \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{{y}^{4}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

   9. Applied rewrites 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(-y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-y\right) \cdot \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right)\right)} \]

   if -1.9999999999999e-311 < (-.f64 (pow.f64 x #s(literal 4 binary64)) (pow.f64 y #s(literal 4 binary64)))

   1. Initial program 76.9%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4} - {y}^{4}} \]

      2. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{4}} - {y}^{4} \]

      3. sqr-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} - {y}^{4} \]

      4. lift-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{4}} \]

      5. sqr-pow N/A

         \[\leadsto {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - \color{blue}{{y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} \cdot {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}} \]

      6. difference-of-squares N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \]

      7. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \]

      8. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} + {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      9. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left({y}^{\color{blue}{2}} + {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      10. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{y \cdot y} + {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      11. lower-fma.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, {x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      12. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, {x}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      13. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, \color{blue}{x \cdot x}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      14. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, \color{blue}{x \cdot x}\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      15. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left({x}^{\color{blue}{2}} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      16. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot x} - {y}^{\left(\frac{4}{2}\right)}\right) \]

      17. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x - {y}^{\color{blue}{2}}\right) \]

      18. unpow2 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x - \color{blue}{y \cdot y}\right) \]

      19. difference-of-squares N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      20. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

      21. lower-+.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)} \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right) \]

      22. lower--.f64 99.9

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x - y\right)}\right) \]

   4. Applied rewrites 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(x - y\right)\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y}{x} + \frac{y}{x}\right)\right)\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y}{x} + \frac{y}{x}\right)\right)\right) \]

      2. associate-*l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \left(-1 \cdot \frac{y}{x} + \frac{y}{x}\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

      3. distribute-lft1-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{\left(-1 + 1\right) \cdot \frac{y}{x}}\right)\right)\right) \]

      4. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{0} \cdot \frac{y}{x}\right)\right)\right) \]

      5. mul0-lft N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{0}\right)\right)\right) \]

      6. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{1}\right)\right) \]

      7. *-rgt-identity N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{x}\right) \]

      8. lower-*.f64 88.6

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 88.6%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 93.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-311}:\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot \left(y \cdot \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(y, y, x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 60.7% accurate, 6.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{+170} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.85 \cdot 10^{+161}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot \left(y \cdot \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= x -1.3e+170) (not (<= x 1.85e+161)))
   (* (* y y) (* y y))
   (* y (* y (* (- y) y)))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -1.3e+170) || !(x <= 1.85e+161)) {
		tmp = (y * y) * (y * y);
	} else {
		tmp = y * (y * (-y * y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((x <= (-1.3d+170)) .or. (.not. (x <= 1.85d+161))) then
        tmp = (y * y) * (y * y)
    else
        tmp = y * (y * (-y * y))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -1.3e+170) || !(x <= 1.85e+161)) {
		tmp = (y * y) * (y * y);
	} else {
		tmp = y * (y * (-y * y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if (x <= -1.3e+170) or not (x <= 1.85e+161):
		tmp = (y * y) * (y * y)
	else:
		tmp = y * (y * (-y * y))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((x <= -1.3e+170) || !(x <= 1.85e+161))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(y * y) * Float64(y * y));
	else
		tmp = Float64(y * Float64(y * Float64(Float64(-y) * y)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((x <= -1.3e+170) || ~((x <= 1.85e+161)))
		tmp = (y * y) * (y * y);
	else
		tmp = y * (y * (-y * y));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -1.3e+170], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 1.85e+161]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(y * N[(y * N[((-y) * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -1.2999999999999999e170 or 1.8499999999999999e161 < x

   1. Initial program 52.0%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot {y}^{4}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left({y}^{4}\right)} \]

      2. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]

      3. lower-pow.f64 10.6

         \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{{y}^{4}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 10.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 39.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \]

   if -1.2999999999999999e170 < x < 1.8499999999999999e161

   1. Initial program 94.2%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot {y}^{4}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left({y}^{4}\right)} \]

      2. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]

      3. lower-pow.f64 75.1

         \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{{y}^{4}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 75.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 75.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

   9. Applied rewrites 75.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(-y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-y\right) \cdot \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 68.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{+170} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.85 \cdot 10^{+161}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;y \cdot \left(y \cdot \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 60.7% accurate, 6.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{+170} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.85 \cdot 10^{+161}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= x -1.3e+170) (not (<= x 1.85e+161)))
   (* (* y y) (* y y))
   (* (* y y) (* (- y) y))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -1.3e+170) || !(x <= 1.85e+161)) {
		tmp = (y * y) * (y * y);
	} else {
		tmp = (y * y) * (-y * y);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((x <= (-1.3d+170)) .or. (.not. (x <= 1.85d+161))) then
        tmp = (y * y) * (y * y)
    else
        tmp = (y * y) * (-y * y)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -1.3e+170) || !(x <= 1.85e+161)) {
		tmp = (y * y) * (y * y);
	} else {
		tmp = (y * y) * (-y * y);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if (x <= -1.3e+170) or not (x <= 1.85e+161):
		tmp = (y * y) * (y * y)
	else:
		tmp = (y * y) * (-y * y)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((x <= -1.3e+170) || !(x <= 1.85e+161))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(y * y) * Float64(y * y));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(y * y) * Float64(Float64(-y) * y));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((x <= -1.3e+170) || ~((x <= 1.85e+161)))
		tmp = (y * y) * (y * y);
	else
		tmp = (y * y) * (-y * y);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -1.3e+170], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 1.85e+161]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * N[((-y) * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -1.2999999999999999e170 or 1.8499999999999999e161 < x

   1. Initial program 52.0%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot {y}^{4}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left({y}^{4}\right)} \]

      2. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]

      3. lower-pow.f64 10.6

         \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{{y}^{4}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 10.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 39.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \]

   if -1.2999999999999999e170 < x < 1.8499999999999999e161

   1. Initial program 94.2%

      \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot {y}^{4}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left({y}^{4}\right)} \]

      2. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]

      3. lower-pow.f64 75.1

         \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{{y}^{4}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 75.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 75.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 68.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{+170} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.85 \cdot 10^{+161}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(\left(-y\right) \cdot y\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 22.4% accurate, 12.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \left(y \cdot y\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (* (* y y) (* y y)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return (y * y) * (y * y);
}

Fortran

module fmin_fmax_functions
    implicit none
    private
    public fmax
    public fmin

    interface fmax
        module procedure fmax88
        module procedure fmax44
        module procedure fmax84
        module procedure fmax48
    end interface
    interface fmin
        module procedure fmin88
        module procedure fmin44
        module procedure fmin84
        module procedure fmin48
    end interface
contains
    real(8) function fmax88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmax44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, max(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, max(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmax48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), max(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin88(x, y) result (res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(4) function fmin44(x, y) result (res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(x, min(x, y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin84(x, y) result(res)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(4), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(dble(y), merge(x, min(x, dble(y)), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
    real(8) function fmin48(x, y) result(res)
        real(4), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        res = merge(y, merge(dble(x), min(dble(x), y), y /= y), x /= x)
    end function
end module

real(8) function code(x, y)
use fmin_fmax_functions
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = (y * y) * (y * y)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return (y * y) * (y * y);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return (y * y) * (y * y)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(Float64(y * y) * Float64(y * y))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = (y * y) * (y * y);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 85.9%

   \[{x}^{4} - {y}^{4} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot {y}^{4}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left({y}^{4}\right)} \]

   2. lower-neg.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]

   3. lower-pow.f64 62.5

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{{y}^{4}} \]

5. Applied rewrites 62.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-{y}^{4}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

7. Applied rewrites 25.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(y \cdot y\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot y\right)} \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024350 
(FPCore (x y)
  :name "Radioactive exchange between two surfaces"
  :precision binary64
  (- (pow x 4.0) (pow y 4.0)))