a from scale-rotated-ellipse

Percentage Accurate: 2.7% → 55.0%

Time: 27.1s

Alternatives: 7

Speedup: 484.7×

• 30.8% of points produce a very large (infinite) output. You may want to add a precondition.

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ t_1 := \sin t\_0\\ t_2 := \cos t\_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\ t_5 := \left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\\ t_6 := \frac{4 \cdot t\_5}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\\ \frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot t\_6\right) \cdot t\_5\right) \cdot \left(\left(t\_4 + t\_3\right) + \sqrt{{\left(t\_4 - t\_3\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{t\_6} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI)))
        (t_1 (sin t_0))
        (t_2 (cos t_0))
        (t_3
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale))
        (t_4
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale))
        (t_5 (* (* b a) (* b (- a))))
        (t_6 (/ (* 4.0 t_5) (pow (* x-scale y-scale) 2.0))))
   (/
    (-
     (sqrt
      (*
       (* (* 2.0 t_6) t_5)
       (+
        (+ t_4 t_3)
        (sqrt
         (+
          (pow (- t_4 t_3) 2.0)
          (pow
           (/
            (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_1) t_2) x-scale)
            y-scale)
           2.0)))))))
    t_6)))

Initial Program: 2.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ t_1 := \sin t\_0\\ t_2 := \cos t\_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_4 := \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t\_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t\_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\\ t_5 := \left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\\ t_6 := \frac{4 \cdot t\_5}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\\ \frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot t\_6\right) \cdot t\_5\right) \cdot \left(\left(t\_4 + t\_3\right) + \sqrt{{\left(t\_4 - t\_3\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{t\_6} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI)))
        (t_1 (sin t_0))
        (t_2 (cos t_0))
        (t_3
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale))
        (t_4
         (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale))
        (t_5 (* (* b a) (* b (- a))))
        (t_6 (/ (* 4.0 t_5) (pow (* x-scale y-scale) 2.0))))
   (/
    (-
     (sqrt
      (*
       (* (* 2.0 t_6) t_5)
       (+
        (+ t_4 t_3)
        (sqrt
         (+
          (pow (- t_4 t_3) 2.0)
          (pow
           (/
            (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_1) t_2) x-scale)
            y-scale)
           2.0)))))))
    t_6)))

Alternative 1: 55.0% accurate, 4.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} y-scale_m = \left|y-scale\right| \\ x-scale_m = \left|x-scale\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ t_1 := \cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot t\_0\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;y-scale\_m \leq 1.55 \cdot 10^{+78}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b, t\_1 \cdot a\right) \cdot x-scale\_m\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot y-scale\_m\right) \cdot x-scale\_m\right)\right) \cdot \left({x-scale\_m}^{-1} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot t\_0\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {t\_1}^{2}\right)}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

y-scale_m = (fabs.f64 y-scale)
x-scale_m = (fabs.f64 x-scale)
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale_m y-scale_m)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* angle (PI))) (t_1 (cos (* -0.005555555555555556 t_0))))
   (if (<= y-scale_m 1.55e+78)
     (*
      (hypot (* (sin (* (* (PI) 0.005555555555555556) angle)) b) (* t_1 a))
      x-scale_m)
     (*
      (* 0.25 (* (* (sqrt 8.0) y-scale_m) x-scale_m))
      (*
       (pow x-scale_m -1.0)
       (sqrt
        (*
         2.0
         (fma
          (* a a)
          (pow (sin (* 0.005555555555555556 t_0)) 2.0)
          (* (* b b) (pow t_1 2.0))))))))))

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if y-scale < 1.55e78

   1. Initial program 1.8%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in y-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      5. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      6. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{8}} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      7. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      8. distribute-lft-out N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 24.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 27.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \left({\left(\left({\left(\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot 2\right)}^{0.25} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\left({\left(\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot 2\right)}^{0.25}}\right) \]

   9. Applied rewrites 27.7%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b, \cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot 1\right)} \]

   if 1.55e78 < y-scale

   1. Initial program 0.0%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\left(x-scale \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{4 \cdot \frac{{\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot \left({\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} + {\left(\left(\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) - \left(\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)\right)}^{2}} + \left(\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} + \left(\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} + \left(\frac{{b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} + \frac{{b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)\right)\right)}\right)} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 3.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{{\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}, \frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale}, \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} + \frac{{\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b \cdot b}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{4}{y-scale \cdot y-scale}, \frac{\left({\left(\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}, {\left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} - \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}\right)}{y-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)}^{2}\right)}}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{-1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}}\right) \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 67.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{x-scale} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}}\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 34.2%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y-scale \leq 1.55 \cdot 10^{+78}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b, \cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot x-scale\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \left({x-scale}^{-1} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 55.5% accurate, 5.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} y-scale_m = \left|y-scale\right| \\ x-scale_m = \left|x-scale\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\\ \mathbf{if}\;y-scale\_m \leq 3.6 \cdot 10^{+91}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b, \cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot x-scale\_m\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot y-scale\_m\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\sin \left(t\_0 \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot t\_0\right)}^{2}\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

y-scale_m = (fabs.f64 y-scale)
x-scale_m = (fabs.f64 x-scale)
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale_m y-scale_m)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (PI) angle)))
   (if (<= y-scale_m 3.6e+91)
     (*
      (hypot
       (* (sin (* (* (PI) 0.005555555555555556) angle)) b)
       (* (cos (* -0.005555555555555556 (* angle (PI)))) a))
      x-scale_m)
     (*
      (* 0.25 (* (sqrt 8.0) y-scale_m))
      (sqrt
       (*
        2.0
        (fma
         (* a a)
         (pow (sin (* t_0 0.005555555555555556)) 2.0)
         (* (* b b) (pow (cos (* -0.005555555555555556 t_0)) 2.0)))))))))

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if y-scale < 3.6e91

   1. Initial program 1.8%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in y-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      5. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      6. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{8}} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      7. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      8. distribute-lft-out N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 24.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 26.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \left({\left(\left({\left(\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot 2\right)}^{0.25} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\left({\left(\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot 2\right)}^{0.25}}\right) \]

   9. Applied rewrites 27.4%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b, \cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot 1\right)} \]

   if 3.6e91 < y-scale

   1. Initial program 0.0%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot y-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      5. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot y-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      6. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{8}} \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      7. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      8. distribute-lft-out N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 70.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 33.8%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y-scale \leq 3.6 \cdot 10^{+91}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b, \cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot x-scale\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot y-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 49.1% accurate, 7.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} y-scale_m = \left|y-scale\right| \\ x-scale_m = \left|x-scale\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y-scale\_m \leq 1.05 \cdot 10^{+53}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b, \cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot x-scale\_m\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\_m\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {1}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

y-scale_m = (fabs.f64 y-scale)
x-scale_m = (fabs.f64 x-scale)
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale_m y-scale_m)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= y-scale_m 1.05e+53)
   (*
    (hypot
     (* (sin (* (* (PI) 0.005555555555555556) angle)) b)
     (* (cos (* -0.005555555555555556 (* angle (PI)))) a))
    x-scale_m)
   (*
    (* 0.25 (* (sqrt 8.0) x-scale_m))
    (sqrt
     (*
      2.0
      (fma
       (* a a)
       (pow 1.0 2.0)
       (*
        (* b b)
        (pow (sin (* (* (PI) angle) 0.005555555555555556)) 2.0))))))))

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if y-scale < 1.0500000000000001e53

   1. Initial program 1.8%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in y-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      5. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      6. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{8}} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      7. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      8. distribute-lft-out N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 24.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 27.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \left({\left(\left({\left(\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot 2\right)}^{0.25} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\left({\left(\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot 2\right)}^{0.25}}\right) \]

   9. Applied rewrites 27.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b, \cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot 1\right)} \]

   if 1.0500000000000001e53 < y-scale

   1. Initial program 0.0%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in y-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      5. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      6. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{8}} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      7. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      8. distribute-lft-out N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 35.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {1}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{180}\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 35.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {1}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 28.9%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y-scale \leq 1.05 \cdot 10^{+53}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b, \cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot x-scale\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {1}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 45.2% accurate, 8.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} y-scale_m = \left|y-scale\right| \\ x-scale_m = \left|x-scale\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x-scale\_m \leq 4.3 \cdot 10^{-79}:\\ \;\;\;\;y-scale\_m \cdot b\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b, \cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot x-scale\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

y-scale_m = (fabs.f64 y-scale)
x-scale_m = (fabs.f64 x-scale)
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale_m y-scale_m)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x-scale_m 4.3e-79)
   (* y-scale_m b)
   (*
    (hypot
     (* (sin (* (* (PI) 0.005555555555555556) angle)) b)
     (* (cos (* -0.005555555555555556 (* angle (PI)))) a))
    x-scale_m)))

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x-scale < 4.29999999999999982e-79

   1. Initial program 2.1%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right)} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \]

      4. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]

      5. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]

      6. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \]

      7. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \]

      8. lower-sqrt.f64 17.6

         \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{8}}\right) \]

   5. Applied rewrites 17.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 17.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(y-scale \cdot 4\right) \cdot 0.25\right) \cdot b} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

   9. Applied rewrites 17.6%

      \[\leadsto y-scale \cdot b \]

   if 4.29999999999999982e-79 < x-scale

   1. Initial program 0.5%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in y-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      5. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      6. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{8}} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      7. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      8. distribute-lft-out N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 59.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 67.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \left({\left(\left({\left(\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot 2\right)}^{0.25} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\left({\left(\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot a\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right) \cdot b\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot 2\right)}^{0.25}}\right) \]

   9. Applied rewrites 66.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b, \cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot 1\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 34.2%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x-scale \leq 4.3 \cdot 10^{-79}:\\ \;\;\;\;y-scale \cdot b\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot b, \cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot x-scale\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 26.8% accurate, 61.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} y-scale_m = \left|y-scale\right| \\ x-scale_m = \left|x-scale\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq 3.9 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;y-scale\_m \cdot b\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\_m\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

y-scale_m = (fabs.f64 y-scale)
x-scale_m = (fabs.f64 x-scale)
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale_m y-scale_m)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a 3.9e-7)
   (* y-scale_m b)
   (* (* 0.25 (* (sqrt 8.0) x-scale_m)) (* a (sqrt 2.0)))))

C

y-scale_m = fabs(y_45_scale);
x-scale_m = fabs(x_45_scale);
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale_m, double y_45_scale_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= 3.9e-7) {
		tmp = y_45_scale_m * b;
	} else {
		tmp = (0.25 * (sqrt(8.0) * x_45_scale_m)) * (a * sqrt(2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

y-scale_m = abs(y_45scale)
x-scale_m = abs(x_45scale)
real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale_m, y_45scale_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: angle
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale_m
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (a <= 3.9d-7) then
        tmp = y_45scale_m * b
    else
        tmp = (0.25d0 * (sqrt(8.0d0) * x_45scale_m)) * (a * sqrt(2.0d0))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

y-scale_m = Math.abs(y_45_scale);
x-scale_m = Math.abs(x_45_scale);
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale_m, double y_45_scale_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= 3.9e-7) {
		tmp = y_45_scale_m * b;
	} else {
		tmp = (0.25 * (Math.sqrt(8.0) * x_45_scale_m)) * (a * Math.sqrt(2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

y-scale_m = math.fabs(y_45_scale)
x-scale_m = math.fabs(x_45_scale)
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= 3.9e-7:
		tmp = y_45_scale_m * b
	else:
		tmp = (0.25 * (math.sqrt(8.0) * x_45_scale_m)) * (a * math.sqrt(2.0))
	return tmp

Julia

y-scale_m = abs(y_45_scale)
x-scale_m = abs(x_45_scale)
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= 3.9e-7)
		tmp = Float64(y_45_scale_m * b);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.25 * Float64(sqrt(8.0) * x_45_scale_m)) * Float64(a * sqrt(2.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

y-scale_m = abs(y_45_scale);
x-scale_m = abs(x_45_scale);
function tmp_2 = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= 3.9e-7)
		tmp = y_45_scale_m * b;
	else
		tmp = (0.25 * (sqrt(8.0) * x_45_scale_m)) * (a * sqrt(2.0));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

y-scale_m = N[Abs[y$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]
x-scale_m = N[Abs[x$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale$95$m_, y$45$scale$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[a, 3.9e-7], N[(y$45$scale$95$m * b), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.25 * N[(N[Sqrt[8.0], $MachinePrecision] * x$45$scale$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(a * N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if a < 3.90000000000000025e-7

   1. Initial program 1.4%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right)} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \]

      4. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]

      5. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]

      6. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \]

      7. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \]

      8. lower-sqrt.f64 16.9

         \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{8}}\right) \]

   5. Applied rewrites 16.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 16.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(y-scale \cdot 4\right) \cdot 0.25\right) \cdot b} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

   9. Applied rewrites 16.9%

      \[\leadsto y-scale \cdot b \]

   if 3.90000000000000025e-7 < a

   1. Initial program 1.9%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in y-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      5. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      6. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{8}} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      7. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      8. distribute-lft-out N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 26.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 28.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 26.8% accurate, 61.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} y-scale_m = \left|y-scale\right| \\ x-scale_m = \left|x-scale\right| \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq 3.9 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;y-scale\_m \cdot b\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\left(x-scale\_m \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

y-scale_m = (fabs.f64 y-scale)
x-scale_m = (fabs.f64 x-scale)
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale_m y-scale_m)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a 3.9e-7)
   (* y-scale_m b)
   (* (* 0.25 a) (* (* x-scale_m (sqrt 2.0)) (sqrt 8.0)))))

C

y-scale_m = fabs(y_45_scale);
x-scale_m = fabs(x_45_scale);
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale_m, double y_45_scale_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= 3.9e-7) {
		tmp = y_45_scale_m * b;
	} else {
		tmp = (0.25 * a) * ((x_45_scale_m * sqrt(2.0)) * sqrt(8.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

y-scale_m = abs(y_45scale)
x-scale_m = abs(x_45scale)
real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale_m, y_45scale_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: angle
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale_m
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (a <= 3.9d-7) then
        tmp = y_45scale_m * b
    else
        tmp = (0.25d0 * a) * ((x_45scale_m * sqrt(2.0d0)) * sqrt(8.0d0))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

y-scale_m = Math.abs(y_45_scale);
x-scale_m = Math.abs(x_45_scale);
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale_m, double y_45_scale_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= 3.9e-7) {
		tmp = y_45_scale_m * b;
	} else {
		tmp = (0.25 * a) * ((x_45_scale_m * Math.sqrt(2.0)) * Math.sqrt(8.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

y-scale_m = math.fabs(y_45_scale)
x-scale_m = math.fabs(x_45_scale)
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= 3.9e-7:
		tmp = y_45_scale_m * b
	else:
		tmp = (0.25 * a) * ((x_45_scale_m * math.sqrt(2.0)) * math.sqrt(8.0))
	return tmp

Julia

y-scale_m = abs(y_45_scale)
x-scale_m = abs(x_45_scale)
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= 3.9e-7)
		tmp = Float64(y_45_scale_m * b);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.25 * a) * Float64(Float64(x_45_scale_m * sqrt(2.0)) * sqrt(8.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

y-scale_m = abs(y_45_scale);
x-scale_m = abs(x_45_scale);
function tmp_2 = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= 3.9e-7)
		tmp = y_45_scale_m * b;
	else
		tmp = (0.25 * a) * ((x_45_scale_m * sqrt(2.0)) * sqrt(8.0));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

y-scale_m = N[Abs[y$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]
x-scale_m = N[Abs[x$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale$95$m_, y$45$scale$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[a, 3.9e-7], N[(y$45$scale$95$m * b), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.25 * a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(x$45$scale$95$m * N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[8.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if a < 3.90000000000000025e-7

   1. Initial program 1.4%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right)} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \]

      4. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]

      5. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]

      6. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \]

      7. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \]

      8. lower-sqrt.f64 16.9

         \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{8}}\right) \]

   5. Applied rewrites 16.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 16.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(y-scale \cdot 4\right) \cdot 0.25\right) \cdot b} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

   9. Applied rewrites 16.9%

      \[\leadsto y-scale \cdot b \]

   if 3.90000000000000025e-7 < a

   1. Initial program 1.9%

      \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in y-scale around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      5. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      6. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{8}} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)} \]

      7. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right) + 2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      8. distribute-lft-out N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {\cos \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {b}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(\frac{1}{180} \cdot \left(angle \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 26.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\sqrt{8} \cdot x-scale\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot a, {\cos \left(-0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right)\right)}^{2}, \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot {\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot angle\right) \cdot 0.005555555555555556\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{4} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 28.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 17.7% accurate, 484.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} y-scale_m = \left|y-scale\right| \\ x-scale_m = \left|x-scale\right| \\ y-scale\_m \cdot b \end{array} \]

FPCore

y-scale_m = (fabs.f64 y-scale)
x-scale_m = (fabs.f64 x-scale)
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale_m y-scale_m) :precision binary64 (* y-scale_m b))

C

y-scale_m = fabs(y_45_scale);
x-scale_m = fabs(x_45_scale);
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale_m, double y_45_scale_m) {
	return y_45_scale_m * b;
}

Fortran

y-scale_m = abs(y_45scale)
x-scale_m = abs(x_45scale)
real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale_m, y_45scale_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: angle
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale_m
    code = y_45scale_m * b
end function

Java

y-scale_m = Math.abs(y_45_scale);
x-scale_m = Math.abs(x_45_scale);
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale_m, double y_45_scale_m) {
	return y_45_scale_m * b;
}

Python

y-scale_m = math.fabs(y_45_scale)
x-scale_m = math.fabs(x_45_scale)
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m):
	return y_45_scale_m * b

Julia

y-scale_m = abs(y_45_scale)
x-scale_m = abs(x_45_scale)
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m)
	return Float64(y_45_scale_m * b)
end

MATLAB

y-scale_m = abs(y_45_scale);
x-scale_m = abs(x_45_scale);
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale_m, y_45_scale_m)
	tmp = y_45_scale_m * b;
end

Wolfram

y-scale_m = N[Abs[y$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]
x-scale_m = N[Abs[x$45$scale], $MachinePrecision]
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale$95$m_, y$45$scale$95$m_] := N[(y$45$scale$95$m * b), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 1.5%

   \[\frac{-\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot \frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} + \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right) + \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale} - \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} + {\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}}\right)}}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in angle around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{4} \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right)} \]

   3. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right)} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot \left(\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)\right) \]

   4. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]

   5. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]

   6. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)} \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \]

   7. lower-sqrt.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{4} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right) \]

   8. lower-sqrt.f64 15.4

      \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{8}}\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 15.4%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\left(y-scale \cdot \sqrt{2}\right) \cdot \sqrt{8}\right)} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

7. Applied rewrites 15.4%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(y-scale \cdot 4\right) \cdot 0.25\right) \cdot b} \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

9. Applied rewrites 15.4%

   \[\leadsto y-scale \cdot b \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024340 
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
  :name "a from scale-rotated-ellipse"
  :precision binary64
  (/ (- (sqrt (* (* (* 2.0 (/ (* 4.0 (* (* b a) (* b (- a)))) (pow (* x-scale y-scale) 2.0))) (* (* b a) (* b (- a)))) (+ (+ (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI)))) 2.0) (pow (* b (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI)))) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale) (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI)))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI)))) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI)))) 2.0) (pow (* b (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI)))) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale) (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI)))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI)))) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)) 2.0) (pow (/ (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI)))) (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) (PI)))) x-scale) y-scale) 2.0))))))) (/ (* 4.0 (* (* b a) (* b (- a)))) (pow (* x-scale y-scale) 2.0))))