Destination given bearing on a great circle

Percentage Accurate: 99.8% → 99.8%
Time: 13.3s
Alternatives: 19
Speedup: 1.2×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (sin phi1)
     (sin
      (asin
       (+
        (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
        (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - (Math.sin(phi1) * Math.sin(Math.asin(((Math.sin(phi1) * Math.cos(delta)) + ((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(theta))))))));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - (math.sin(phi1) * math.sin(math.asin(((math.sin(phi1) * math.cos(delta)) + ((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(theta))))))))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))))))))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 19 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (sin phi1)
     (sin
      (asin
       (+
        (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
        (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - (Math.sin(phi1) * Math.sin(Math.asin(((Math.sin(phi1) * Math.cos(delta)) + ((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(theta))))))));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - (math.sin(phi1) * math.sin(math.asin(((math.sin(phi1) * math.cos(delta)) + ((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(theta))))))))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))))))))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.8% accurate, 0.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, -{\left(t\_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{2}\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t\_1, \sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1
         (fma
          (cos theta)
          (* (cos phi1) (sin delta))
          (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)))))
   (+
    lambda1
    (atan2
     (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
     (/
      (fma (cos delta) (cos delta) (- (pow (* t_1 (sin phi1)) 2.0)))
      (fma t_1 (sin phi1) (cos delta)))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double t_1 = fma(cos(theta), (cos(phi1) * sin(delta)), (sin(phi1) * cos(delta)));
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (fma(cos(delta), cos(delta), -pow((t_1 * sin(phi1)), 2.0)) / fma(t_1, sin(phi1), cos(delta))));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	t_1 = fma(cos(theta), Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)), Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)))
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(fma(cos(delta), cos(delta), Float64(-(Float64(t_1 * sin(phi1)) ^ 2.0))) / fma(t_1, sin(phi1), cos(delta)))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] + (-N[Power[N[(t$95$1 * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision] / N[(t$95$1 * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] + N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, -{\left(t\_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{2}\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(t\_1, \sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    2. flip--N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\cos delta \cdot \cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)\right)}{\cos delta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}}} \]
    3. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\cos delta \cdot \cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)\right)}{\cos delta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{{\cos delta}^{2} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{2}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), \sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{{\cos delta}^{2} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{2}}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), \sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
    2. lift-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{{\cos delta}^{2} - \color{blue}{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{2}}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), \sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
    3. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{{\cos delta}^{2} - \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), \sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
    4. fp-cancel-sub-sign-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{{\cos delta}^{2} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), \sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
    5. lift-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{{\cos delta}^{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), \sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
    6. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\cos delta \cdot \cos delta} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), \sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
    7. lower-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), \sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
  6. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \cos theta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \cos theta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), \sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
  7. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, -{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{2}\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), \sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 87.4% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \sin theta \cdot \sin delta\\ t_2 := t\_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\\ \mathbf{if}\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \leq 3.14159265:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, -0.5, 1\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (sin theta) (sin delta))) (t_2 (* t_1 (cos phi1))))
   (if (<=
        (+
         lambda1
         (atan2
          t_2
          (-
           (cos delta)
           (*
            (sin phi1)
            (sin
             (asin
              (+
               (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
               (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta)))))))))
        3.14159265)
     (+ lambda1 (atan2 t_1 (cos delta)))
     (+ lambda1 (atan2 t_2 (fma (* delta delta) -0.5 1.0))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double t_1 = sin(theta) * sin(delta);
	double t_2 = t_1 * cos(phi1);
	double tmp;
	if ((lambda1 + atan2(t_2, (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))) <= 3.14159265) {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_1, cos(delta));
	} else {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_2, fma((delta * delta), -0.5, 1.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	t_1 = Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta))
	t_2 = Float64(t_1 * cos(phi1))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_2, Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))) <= 3.14159265)
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_1, cos(delta)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_2, fma(Float64(delta * delta), -0.5, 1.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(t$95$1 * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$2 / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 3.14159265], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$1 / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$2 / N[(N[(delta * delta), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5 + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \sin theta \cdot \sin delta\\
t_2 := t\_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\\
\mathbf{if}\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \leq 3.14159265:\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{\cos delta}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, -0.5, 1\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta))))))))) < 3.14159265000000021

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-cos.f6486.2

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites86.2%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      3. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
      4. lower-sin.f6485.1

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
    8. Applied rewrites85.1%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

    if 3.14159265000000021 < (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta)))))))))

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-cos.f6498.7

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites98.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1 + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot {delta}^{2}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites100.0%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, \color{blue}{-0.5}, 1\right)} \]
    8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    9. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 3: 99.8% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
     :precision binary64
     (+
      lambda1
      (atan2
       (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
       (-
        (cos delta)
        (fma
         (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
         (sin phi1)
         (* (* (cos theta) (* (cos phi1) (sin delta))) (sin phi1)))))))
    double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
    	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - fma((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)), sin(phi1), ((cos(theta) * (cos(phi1) * sin(delta))) * sin(phi1)))));
    }
    
    function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - fma(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)), sin(phi1), Float64(Float64(cos(theta) * Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta))) * sin(phi1))))))
    end
    
    code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      2. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      3. lift-asin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      4. sin-asinN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      5. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      6. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
      7. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
      8. lower-*.f6499.7

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}\right)} \]
      9. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
      10. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
      11. lower-*.f6499.7

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 4: 99.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
     :precision binary64
     (+
      lambda1
      (atan2
       (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
       (fma
        (fma (cos theta) (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)))
        (- (sin phi1))
        (cos delta)))))
    double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
    	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), fma(fma(cos(theta), (cos(phi1) * sin(delta)), (sin(phi1) * cos(delta))), -sin(phi1), cos(delta)));
    }
    
    function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), fma(fma(cos(theta), Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)), Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta))), Float64(-sin(phi1)), cos(delta))))
    end
    
    code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]) + N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      3. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      4. lift-asin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      5. sin-asinN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      6. fp-cancel-sub-sign-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) + \cos delta}} \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right)} + \cos delta} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 5: 99.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
     :precision binary64
     (+
      lambda1
      (atan2
       (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
       (-
        (cos delta)
        (*
         (sin phi1)
         (fma
          (sin phi1)
          (cos delta)
          (* (cos theta) (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)))))))))
    double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
    	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * fma(sin(phi1), cos(delta), (cos(theta) * (cos(phi1) * sin(delta)))))));
    }
    
    function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * fma(sin(phi1), cos(delta), Float64(cos(theta) * Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta))))))))
    end
    
    code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      2. lift-asin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      3. sin-asin99.7

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      4. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      5. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta} + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
      6. lower-fma.f6499.7

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      7. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}\right)} \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}\right)} \]
      9. lower-*.f6499.7

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}} \]
    5. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 6: 94.6% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
     :precision binary64
     (+
      lambda1
      (atan2
       (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
       (-
        (cos delta)
        (fma
         (* (sin delta) (sin phi1))
         (cos phi1)
         (* (pow (sin phi1) 2.0) (cos delta)))))))
    double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
    	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - fma((sin(delta) * sin(phi1)), cos(phi1), (pow(sin(phi1), 2.0) * cos(delta)))));
    }
    
    function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - fma(Float64(sin(delta) * sin(phi1)), cos(phi1), Float64((sin(phi1) ^ 2.0) * cos(delta))))))
    end
    
    code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      2. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      3. lift-asin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      4. sin-asinN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      5. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      6. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
      7. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
      8. lower-*.f6499.7

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}\right)} \]
      9. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
      10. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
      11. lower-*.f6499.7

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) + \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)}} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} + \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      3. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)}} \]
      4. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1}, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      5. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      6. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      7. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta}\right)} \]
      9. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta}\right)} \]
      10. lower-pow.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      11. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      12. lower-cos.f6495.7

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\cos delta}\right)} \]
    7. Applied rewrites95.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
    8. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 7: 94.6% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
     :precision binary64
     (+
      lambda1
      (atan2
       (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
       (fma
        (fma (sin delta) (cos phi1) (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)))
        (- (sin phi1))
        (cos delta)))))
    double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
    	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), fma(fma(sin(delta), cos(phi1), (sin(phi1) * cos(delta))), -sin(phi1), cos(delta)));
    }
    
    function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), fma(fma(sin(delta), cos(phi1), Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta))), Float64(-sin(phi1)), cos(delta))))
    end
    
    code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]) + N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      3. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      4. lift-asin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      5. sin-asinN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      6. fp-cancel-sub-sign-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) + \cos delta}} \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right)} + \cos delta} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta}, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta + \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1}, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1} + \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      3. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      4. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin delta}, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      5. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      6. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta}\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      7. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta}\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      8. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1} \cdot \cos delta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      9. lower-cos.f6495.7

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos delta}\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    7. Applied rewrites95.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    8. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 8: 94.6% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
     :precision binary64
     (+
      lambda1
      (atan2
       (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
       (-
        (cos delta)
        (* (sin phi1) (fma (sin phi1) (cos delta) (* (sin delta) (cos phi1))))))))
    double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
    	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * fma(sin(phi1), cos(delta), (sin(delta) * cos(phi1))))));
    }
    
    function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * fma(sin(phi1), cos(delta), Float64(sin(delta) * cos(phi1)))))))
    end
    
    code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} \]
      2. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}} \]
      3. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} \]
      4. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\cos delta}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1}\right)} \]
      6. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1}\right)} \]
      7. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \]
      8. lower-cos.f6495.6

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}\right)} \]
    5. Applied rewrites95.6%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}} \]
    6. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 9: 92.2% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)\right)} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
     :precision binary64
     (+
      lambda1
      (atan2
       (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
       (- (cos delta) (- 0.5 (* 0.5 (cos (+ phi1 phi1))))))))
    double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
    	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (0.5 - (0.5 * cos((phi1 + phi1))))));
    }
    
    real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
        real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
        real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
        real(8), intent (in) :: delta
        real(8), intent (in) :: theta
        code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (0.5d0 - (0.5d0 * cos((phi1 + phi1))))))
    end function
    
    public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
    	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - (0.5 - (0.5 * Math.cos((phi1 + phi1))))));
    }
    
    def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
    	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - (0.5 - (0.5 * math.cos((phi1 + phi1))))))
    
    function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(0.5 - Float64(0.5 * cos(Float64(phi1 + phi1)))))))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (0.5 - (0.5 * cos((phi1 + phi1))))));
    end
    
    code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(0.5 - N[(0.5 * N[Cos[N[(phi1 + phi1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(0.5 - 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)\right)}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      2. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      3. lift-asin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      4. sin-asinN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      5. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      6. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
      7. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
      8. lower-*.f6499.7

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}\right)} \]
      9. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
      10. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
      11. lower-*.f6499.7

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-pow.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      2. lower-sin.f6493.5

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
    7. Applied rewrites93.5%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites93.5%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(0.5 - \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 10: 91.9% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -0.00085 \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 1.8 \cdot 10^{-7}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
       :precision binary64
       (if (or (<= delta -0.00085) (not (<= delta 1.8e-7)))
         (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)) (sin delta)) (cos delta)))
         (+
          lambda1
          (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1)) (pow (cos phi1) 2.0)))))
      double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	double tmp;
      	if ((delta <= -0.00085) || !(delta <= 1.8e-7)) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
      	} else {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), pow(cos(phi1), 2.0));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
          real(8), intent (in) :: delta
          real(8), intent (in) :: theta
          real(8) :: tmp
          if ((delta <= (-0.00085d0)) .or. (.not. (delta <= 1.8d-7))) then
              tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta))
          else
              tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(phi1) ** 2.0d0))
          end if
          code = tmp
      end function
      
      public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	double tmp;
      	if ((delta <= -0.00085) || !(delta <= 1.8e-7)) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.cos(phi1)) * Math.sin(delta)), Math.cos(delta));
      	} else {
      		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), Math.pow(Math.cos(phi1), 2.0));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
      	tmp = 0
      	if (delta <= -0.00085) or not (delta <= 1.8e-7):
      		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.cos(phi1)) * math.sin(delta)), math.cos(delta))
      	else:
      		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), math.pow(math.cos(phi1), 2.0))
      	return tmp
      
      function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if ((delta <= -0.00085) || !(delta <= 1.8e-7))
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)));
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(phi1) ^ 2.0)));
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	tmp = 0.0;
      	if ((delta <= -0.00085) || ~((delta <= 1.8e-7)))
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
      	else
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(phi1) ^ 2.0));
      	end
      	tmp_2 = tmp;
      end
      
      code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[Or[LessEqual[delta, -0.00085], N[Not[LessEqual[delta, 1.8e-7]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -0.00085 \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 1.8 \cdot 10^{-7}\right):\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 2 regimes
      2. if delta < -8.49999999999999953e-4 or 1.79999999999999997e-7 < delta

        1. Initial program 99.6%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f6487.5

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites87.5%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta} \]
          2. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta} \]
          3. associate-*l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
          4. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
          5. associate-*r*N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          6. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          7. lower-*.f6487.5

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
        7. Applied rewrites87.5%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

        if -8.49999999999999953e-4 < delta < 1.79999999999999997e-7

        1. Initial program 99.8%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          2. lift-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          3. lift-asin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          4. sin-asinN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          5. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          6. distribute-rgt-inN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
          7. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
          8. lower-*.f6499.8

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}\right)} \]
          9. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
          10. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
          11. lower-*.f6499.8

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
        4. Applied rewrites99.8%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{1 - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1 - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
          2. 1-sub-sin-revN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1}} \]
          3. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
          4. lower-pow.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
          5. lower-cos.f6499.3

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
        7. Applied rewrites99.3%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      4. Final simplification93.6%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -0.00085 \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 1.8 \cdot 10^{-7}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \]
      5. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 11: 88.8% accurate, 2.6× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
       :precision binary64
       (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)) (sin delta)) (cos delta))))
      double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
      }
      
      real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
          real(8), intent (in) :: delta
          real(8), intent (in) :: theta
          code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta))
      end function
      
      public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.cos(phi1)) * Math.sin(delta)), Math.cos(delta));
      }
      
      def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
      	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.cos(phi1)) * math.sin(delta)), math.cos(delta))
      
      function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)))
      end
      
      function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
      end
      
      code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 99.7%

        \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-cos.f6489.8

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      5. Applied rewrites89.8%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta} \]
        2. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta} \]
        3. associate-*l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
        4. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
        5. associate-*r*N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        6. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        7. lower-*.f6489.8

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
      7. Applied rewrites89.8%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      8. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 12: 86.6% accurate, 3.3× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
       :precision binary64
       (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos delta))))
      double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	return lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
      }
      
      real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
          real(8), intent (in) :: delta
          real(8), intent (in) :: theta
          code = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta))
      end function
      
      public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	return lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)), Math.cos(delta));
      }
      
      def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
      	return lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)), math.cos(delta))
      
      function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)))
      end
      
      function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
      end
      
      code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 99.7%

        \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-cos.f6489.8

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      5. Applied rewrites89.8%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        2. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        3. lower-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
        4. lower-sin.f6487.6

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      8. Applied rewrites87.6%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      9. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 13: 81.3% accurate, 4.0× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;theta \leq -5.4 \lor \neg \left(theta \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{+31}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, -0.5, 1\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(theta \cdot theta, -0.16666666666666666, 1\right) \cdot theta\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
       :precision binary64
       (if (or (<= theta -5.4) (not (<= theta 2.9e+31)))
         (+
          lambda1
          (atan2 (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (fma (* delta delta) -0.5 1.0)))
         (+
          lambda1
          (atan2
           (* (* (fma (* theta theta) -0.16666666666666666 1.0) theta) (sin delta))
           (cos delta)))))
      double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	double tmp;
      	if ((theta <= -5.4) || !(theta <= 2.9e+31)) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), fma((delta * delta), -0.5, 1.0));
      	} else {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((fma((theta * theta), -0.16666666666666666, 1.0) * theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if ((theta <= -5.4) || !(theta <= 2.9e+31))
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)), fma(Float64(delta * delta), -0.5, 1.0)));
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(fma(Float64(theta * theta), -0.16666666666666666, 1.0) * theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)));
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[Or[LessEqual[theta, -5.4], N[Not[LessEqual[theta, 2.9e+31]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(delta * delta), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5 + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[(N[(theta * theta), $MachinePrecision] * -0.16666666666666666 + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      \mathbf{if}\;theta \leq -5.4 \lor \neg \left(theta \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{+31}\right):\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, -0.5, 1\right)}\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(theta \cdot theta, -0.16666666666666666, 1\right) \cdot theta\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 2 regimes
      2. if theta < -5.4000000000000004 or 2.9e31 < theta

        1. Initial program 99.6%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f6484.8

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites84.8%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          3. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
          4. lower-sin.f6483.5

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        8. Applied rewrites83.5%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{1 + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot {delta}^{2}}} \]
        10. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites76.1%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, \color{blue}{-0.5}, 1\right)} \]

          if -5.4000000000000004 < theta < 2.9e31

          1. Initial program 99.9%

            \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-cos.f6494.1

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          5. Applied rewrites94.1%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            3. lower-sin.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
            4. lower-sin.f6491.1

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          8. Applied rewrites91.1%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(theta \cdot \left(1 + \frac{-1}{6} \cdot {theta}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \color{blue}{delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          10. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites91.2%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(theta \cdot theta, -0.16666666666666666, 1\right) \cdot theta\right) \cdot \sin \color{blue}{delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          11. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
          12. Final simplification84.2%

            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;theta \leq -5.4 \lor \neg \left(theta \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{+31}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, -0.5, 1\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(theta \cdot theta, -0.16666666666666666, 1\right) \cdot theta\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \]
          13. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 14: 81.4% accurate, 4.0× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;theta \leq -3.7 \cdot 10^{+20} \lor \neg \left(theta \leq 0.065\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, -0.5, 1\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
           :precision binary64
           (if (or (<= theta -3.7e+20) (not (<= theta 0.065)))
             (+
              lambda1
              (atan2 (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (fma (* delta delta) -0.5 1.0)))
             (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta)))))
          double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
          	double tmp;
          	if ((theta <= -3.7e+20) || !(theta <= 0.065)) {
          		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), fma((delta * delta), -0.5, 1.0));
          	} else {
          		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
          	}
          	return tmp;
          }
          
          function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          	tmp = 0.0
          	if ((theta <= -3.7e+20) || !(theta <= 0.065))
          		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)), fma(Float64(delta * delta), -0.5, 1.0)));
          	else
          		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)));
          	end
          	return tmp
          end
          
          code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[Or[LessEqual[theta, -3.7e+20], N[Not[LessEqual[theta, 0.065]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(delta * delta), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5 + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \begin{array}{l}
          \mathbf{if}\;theta \leq -3.7 \cdot 10^{+20} \lor \neg \left(theta \leq 0.065\right):\\
          \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, -0.5, 1\right)}\\
          
          \mathbf{else}:\\
          \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\
          
          
          \end{array}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Split input into 2 regimes
          2. if theta < -3.7e20 or 0.065000000000000002 < theta

            1. Initial program 99.6%

              \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lower-cos.f6484.3

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
            5. Applied rewrites84.3%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
            6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
            7. Step-by-step derivation
              1. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              2. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
              4. lower-sin.f6482.6

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            8. Applied rewrites82.6%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{1 + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot {delta}^{2}}} \]
            10. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites75.4%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, \color{blue}{-0.5}, 1\right)} \]

              if -3.7e20 < theta < 0.065000000000000002

              1. Initial program 99.8%

                \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower-cos.f6494.6

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              5. Applied rewrites94.6%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
              7. Step-by-step derivation
                1. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                4. lower-sin.f6491.8

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              8. Applied rewrites91.8%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              10. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites91.8%

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]
              11. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
              12. Final simplification84.2%

                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;theta \leq -3.7 \cdot 10^{+20} \lor \neg \left(theta \leq 0.065\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, -0.5, 1\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \]
              13. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 15: 81.0% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;theta \leq -7.6 \lor \neg \left(theta \leq 0.32\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
               :precision binary64
               (if (or (<= theta -7.6) (not (<= theta 0.32)))
                 (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin theta) delta) (cos delta)))
                 (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta)))))
              double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
              	double tmp;
              	if ((theta <= -7.6) || !(theta <= 0.32)) {
              		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta));
              	} else {
              		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
                  real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
                  real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
                  real(8), intent (in) :: delta
                  real(8), intent (in) :: theta
                  real(8) :: tmp
                  if ((theta <= (-7.6d0)) .or. (.not. (theta <= 0.32d0))) then
                      tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta))
                  else
                      tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta))
                  end if
                  code = tmp
              end function
              
              public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
              	double tmp;
              	if ((theta <= -7.6) || !(theta <= 0.32)) {
              		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(theta) * delta), Math.cos(delta));
              	} else {
              		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(delta) * theta), Math.cos(delta));
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
              	tmp = 0
              	if (theta <= -7.6) or not (theta <= 0.32):
              		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(theta) * delta), math.cos(delta))
              	else:
              		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(delta) * theta), math.cos(delta))
              	return tmp
              
              function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
              	tmp = 0.0
              	if ((theta <= -7.6) || !(theta <= 0.32))
              		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta)));
              	else
              		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)));
              	end
              	return tmp
              end
              
              function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
              	tmp = 0.0;
              	if ((theta <= -7.6) || ~((theta <= 0.32)))
              		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta));
              	else
              		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
              	end
              	tmp_2 = tmp;
              end
              
              code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[Or[LessEqual[theta, -7.6], N[Not[LessEqual[theta, 0.32]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              \begin{array}{l}
              \mathbf{if}\;theta \leq -7.6 \lor \neg \left(theta \leq 0.32\right):\\
              \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\
              
              \mathbf{else}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\
              
              
              \end{array}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Split input into 2 regimes
              2. if theta < -7.5999999999999996 or 0.320000000000000007 < theta

                1. Initial program 99.6%

                  \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. lower-cos.f6484.2

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                5. Applied rewrites84.2%

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                7. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  2. lower-*.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                  4. lower-sin.f6482.7

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                8. Applied rewrites82.7%

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                10. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites75.1%

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{delta}}{\cos delta} \]

                  if -7.5999999999999996 < theta < 0.320000000000000007

                  1. Initial program 99.9%

                    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. lower-cos.f6495.1

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                  5. Applied rewrites95.1%

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                  6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. *-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    2. lower-*.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                    4. lower-sin.f6492.2

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  8. Applied rewrites92.2%

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  10. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites92.2%

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  11. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                  12. Final simplification83.9%

                    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;theta \leq -7.6 \lor \neg \left(theta \leq 0.32\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \]
                  13. Add Preprocessing

                  Alternative 16: 73.6% accurate, 4.3× speedup?

                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
                  (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
                   :precision binary64
                   (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta))))
                  double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
                  	return lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
                  }
                  
                  real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
                      real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
                      real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
                      real(8), intent (in) :: delta
                      real(8), intent (in) :: theta
                      code = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta))
                  end function
                  
                  public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
                  	return lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(delta) * theta), Math.cos(delta));
                  }
                  
                  def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
                  	return lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(delta) * theta), math.cos(delta))
                  
                  function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                  	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)))
                  end
                  
                  function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                  	tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
                  end
                  
                  code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                  
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  
                  \\
                  \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}
                  \end{array}
                  
                  Derivation
                  1. Initial program 99.7%

                    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. lower-cos.f6489.8

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                  5. Applied rewrites89.8%

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                  6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. *-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    2. lower-*.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                    4. lower-sin.f6487.6

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  8. Applied rewrites87.6%

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  10. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites74.7%

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing

                    Alternative 17: 69.8% accurate, 5.5× speedup?

                    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, -0.001388888888888889, 0.041666666666666664\right) \cdot \left(delta \cdot delta\right) - 0.5, delta \cdot delta, 1\right)} \end{array} \]
                    (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
                     :precision binary64
                     (+
                      lambda1
                      (atan2
                       (* (sin delta) theta)
                       (fma
                        (-
                         (*
                          (fma (* delta delta) -0.001388888888888889 0.041666666666666664)
                          (* delta delta))
                         0.5)
                        (* delta delta)
                        1.0))))
                    double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
                    	return lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), fma(((fma((delta * delta), -0.001388888888888889, 0.041666666666666664) * (delta * delta)) - 0.5), (delta * delta), 1.0));
                    }
                    
                    function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                    	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), fma(Float64(Float64(fma(Float64(delta * delta), -0.001388888888888889, 0.041666666666666664) * Float64(delta * delta)) - 0.5), Float64(delta * delta), 1.0)))
                    end
                    
                    code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(delta * delta), $MachinePrecision] * -0.001388888888888889 + 0.041666666666666664), $MachinePrecision] * N[(delta * delta), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[(delta * delta), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                    
                    \begin{array}{l}
                    
                    \\
                    \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, -0.001388888888888889, 0.041666666666666664\right) \cdot \left(delta \cdot delta\right) - 0.5, delta \cdot delta, 1\right)}
                    \end{array}
                    
                    Derivation
                    1. Initial program 99.7%

                      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. lower-cos.f6489.8

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                    5. Applied rewrites89.8%

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                    6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    7. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. *-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                      2. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                      3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                      4. lower-sin.f6487.6

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    8. Applied rewrites87.6%

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    10. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites74.7%

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                      2. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{1 + \color{blue}{{delta}^{2} \cdot \left({delta}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{24} + \frac{-1}{720} \cdot {delta}^{2}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right)}} \]
                      3. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites70.1%

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, -0.001388888888888889, 0.041666666666666664\right) \cdot \left(delta \cdot delta\right) - 0.5, \color{blue}{delta \cdot delta}, 1\right)} \]
                        2. Add Preprocessing

                        Alternative 18: 69.8% accurate, 6.1× speedup?

                        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, -0.5, 1\right)} \end{array} \]
                        (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
                         :precision binary64
                         (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (fma (* delta delta) -0.5 1.0))))
                        double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
                        	return lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), fma((delta * delta), -0.5, 1.0));
                        }
                        
                        function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                        	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), fma(Float64(delta * delta), -0.5, 1.0)))
                        end
                        
                        code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(delta * delta), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5 + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                        
                        \begin{array}{l}
                        
                        \\
                        \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, -0.5, 1\right)}
                        \end{array}
                        
                        Derivation
                        1. Initial program 99.7%

                          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                        2. Add Preprocessing
                        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. lower-cos.f6489.8

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                        5. Applied rewrites89.8%

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                        6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        7. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. *-commutativeN/A

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                          2. lower-*.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                          3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                          4. lower-sin.f6487.6

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        8. Applied rewrites87.6%

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        10. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites74.7%

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                          2. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{1 + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot {delta}^{2}}} \]
                          3. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. Applied rewrites70.0%

                              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(delta \cdot delta, \color{blue}{-0.5}, 1\right)} \]
                            2. Add Preprocessing

                            Alternative 19: 67.4% accurate, 6.4× speedup?

                            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
                            (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
                             :precision binary64
                             (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* delta theta) (cos delta))))
                            double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
                            	return lambda1 + atan2((delta * theta), cos(delta));
                            }
                            
                            real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                                real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
                                real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
                                real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
                                real(8), intent (in) :: delta
                                real(8), intent (in) :: theta
                                code = lambda1 + atan2((delta * theta), cos(delta))
                            end function
                            
                            public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
                            	return lambda1 + Math.atan2((delta * theta), Math.cos(delta));
                            }
                            
                            def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
                            	return lambda1 + math.atan2((delta * theta), math.cos(delta))
                            
                            function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                            	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(delta * theta), cos(delta)))
                            end
                            
                            function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                            	tmp = lambda1 + atan2((delta * theta), cos(delta));
                            end
                            
                            code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(delta * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                            
                            \begin{array}{l}
                            
                            \\
                            \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}
                            \end{array}
                            
                            Derivation
                            1. Initial program 99.7%

                              \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                            2. Add Preprocessing
                            3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. lower-cos.f6489.8

                                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                            5. Applied rewrites89.8%

                              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                            6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                            7. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. *-commutativeN/A

                                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                              2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                              3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                              4. lower-sin.f6487.6

                                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                            8. Applied rewrites87.6%

                              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                            9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

                              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                            10. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. Applied rewrites74.7%

                                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                              2. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

                                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta} \]
                              3. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. Applied rewrites65.2%

                                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta} \]
                                2. Add Preprocessing

                                Reproduce

                                ?
                                herbie shell --seed 2024339 
                                (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
                                  :name "Destination given bearing on a great circle"
                                  :precision binary64
                                  (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1)) (- (cos delta) (* (sin phi1) (sin (asin (+ (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)) (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))