Curve intersection, scale width based on ribbon orientation

Percentage Accurate: 97.1% → 98.7%

Time: 10.1s

Alternatives: 9

Speedup: 27.0×

Specification

\[\left(\left(\left(0 \leq normAngle \land normAngle \leq \frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{2}\right) \land \left(-1 \leq n0\_i \land n0\_i \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq n1\_i \land n1\_i \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq u \land u \leq 1\right)\]

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\\ \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot n1\_i \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (sin normAngle))))
   (+
    (* (* (sin (* (- 1.0 u) normAngle)) t_0) n0_i)
    (* (* (sin (* u normAngle)) t_0) n1_i))))

C

float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	float t_0 = 1.0f / sinf(normAngle);
	return ((sinf(((1.0f - u) * normAngle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + ((sinf((u * normAngle)) * t_0) * n1_i);
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(normangle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
    real(4), intent (in) :: normangle
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    real(4), intent (in) :: n0_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: n1_i
    real(4) :: t_0
    t_0 = 1.0e0 / sin(normangle)
    code = ((sin(((1.0e0 - u) * normangle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + ((sin((u * normangle)) * t_0) * n1_i)
end function

Julia

function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / sin(normAngle))
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(sin(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) * normAngle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + Float32(Float32(sin(Float32(u * normAngle)) * t_0) * n1_i))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	t_0 = single(1.0) / sin(normAngle);
	tmp = ((sin(((single(1.0) - u) * normAngle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + ((sin((u * normAngle)) * t_0) * n1_i);
end

Initial Program: 97.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\\ \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot t\_0\right) \cdot n1\_i \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (sin normAngle))))
   (+
    (* (* (sin (* (- 1.0 u) normAngle)) t_0) n0_i)
    (* (* (sin (* u normAngle)) t_0) n1_i))))

C

float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	float t_0 = 1.0f / sinf(normAngle);
	return ((sinf(((1.0f - u) * normAngle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + ((sinf((u * normAngle)) * t_0) * n1_i);
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(normangle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
    real(4), intent (in) :: normangle
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    real(4), intent (in) :: n0_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: n1_i
    real(4) :: t_0
    t_0 = 1.0e0 / sin(normangle)
    code = ((sin(((1.0e0 - u) * normangle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + ((sin((u * normangle)) * t_0) * n1_i)
end function

Julia

function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / sin(normAngle))
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(sin(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) * normAngle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + Float32(Float32(sin(Float32(u * normAngle)) * t_0) * n1_i))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	t_0 = single(1.0) / sin(normAngle);
	tmp = ((sin(((single(1.0) - u) * normAngle)) * t_0) * n0_i) + ((sin((u * normAngle)) * t_0) * n1_i);
end

Alternative 1: 98.7% accurate, 1.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  (* (* (sin (* (- 1.0 u) normAngle)) (/ 1.0 (sin normAngle))) n0_i)
  (* (* (/ normAngle (sin normAngle)) u) n1_i)))

C

float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	return ((sinf(((1.0f - u) * normAngle)) * (1.0f / sinf(normAngle))) * n0_i) + (((normAngle / sinf(normAngle)) * u) * n1_i);
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(normangle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
    real(4), intent (in) :: normangle
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    real(4), intent (in) :: n0_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: n1_i
    code = ((sin(((1.0e0 - u) * normangle)) * (1.0e0 / sin(normangle))) * n0_i) + (((normangle / sin(normangle)) * u) * n1_i)
end function

Julia

function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(sin(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) * normAngle)) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / sin(normAngle))) * n0_i) + Float32(Float32(Float32(normAngle / sin(normAngle)) * u) * n1_i))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	tmp = ((sin(((single(1.0) - u) * normAngle)) * (single(1.0) / sin(normAngle))) * n0_i) + (((normAngle / sin(normAngle)) * u) * n1_i);
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 97.2%

   \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in u around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot u}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot n1\_i \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l/ N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

   2. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

   3. lower-/.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\color{blue}{\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   4. lower-sin.f32 99.0

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

5. Applied rewrites 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.0% accurate, 1.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(1 - \frac{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  (* (- 1.0 (/ (* (* (cos normAngle) u) normAngle) (sin normAngle))) n0_i)
  (* (* (/ normAngle (sin normAngle)) u) n1_i)))

C

float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	return ((1.0f - (((cosf(normAngle) * u) * normAngle) / sinf(normAngle))) * n0_i) + (((normAngle / sinf(normAngle)) * u) * n1_i);
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(normangle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
    real(4), intent (in) :: normangle
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    real(4), intent (in) :: n0_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: n1_i
    code = ((1.0e0 - (((cos(normangle) * u) * normangle) / sin(normangle))) * n0_i) + (((normangle / sin(normangle)) * u) * n1_i)
end function

Julia

function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(normAngle) * u) * normAngle) / sin(normAngle))) * n0_i) + Float32(Float32(Float32(normAngle / sin(normAngle)) * u) * n1_i))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	tmp = ((single(1.0) - (((cos(normAngle) * u) * normAngle) / sin(normAngle))) * n0_i) + (((normAngle / sin(normAngle)) * u) * n1_i);
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 97.2%

   \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in u around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot u}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot n1\_i \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l/ N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

   2. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

   3. lower-/.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\color{blue}{\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   4. lower-sin.f32 99.0

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

5. Applied rewrites 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

6. Taylor expanded in u around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. fp-cancel-sign-sub-inv N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   2. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \color{blue}{1} \cdot \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   3. *-lft-identity N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   4. lower--.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   5. lower-/.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   6. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right) \cdot normAngle}}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   7. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right) \cdot normAngle}}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   8. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   10. lower-cos.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\cos normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   11. lower-sin.f32 98.6

       \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot normAngle}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

8. Applied rewrites 98.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.8% accurate, 3.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
 :precision binary32
 (+ (* (- 1.0 u) n0_i) (* (* (/ normAngle (sin normAngle)) u) n1_i)))

C

float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	return ((1.0f - u) * n0_i) + (((normAngle / sinf(normAngle)) * u) * n1_i);
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(normangle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
    real(4), intent (in) :: normangle
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    real(4), intent (in) :: n0_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: n1_i
    code = ((1.0e0 - u) * n0_i) + (((normangle / sin(normangle)) * u) * n1_i)
end function

Julia

function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) * n0_i) + Float32(Float32(Float32(normAngle / sin(normAngle)) * u) * n1_i))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	tmp = ((single(1.0) - u) * n0_i) + (((normAngle / sin(normAngle)) * u) * n1_i);
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 97.2%

   \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in u around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot u}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot n1\_i \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l/ N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

   2. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

   3. lower-/.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\color{blue}{\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   4. lower-sin.f32 99.0

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

5. Applied rewrites 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

6. Taylor expanded in u around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. fp-cancel-sign-sub-inv N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   2. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \color{blue}{1} \cdot \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   3. *-lft-identity N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   4. lower--.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   5. lower-/.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   6. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right) \cdot normAngle}}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   7. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right) \cdot normAngle}}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   8. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   9. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   10. lower-cos.f32 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\cos normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   11. lower-sin.f32 98.6

       \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot normAngle}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

8. Applied rewrites 98.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

9. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - u\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
10. Step-by-step derivation

    1. lower--.f32 98.5

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - u\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

11. Applied rewrites 98.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - u\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 98.7% accurate, 3.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(normAngle \cdot \frac{u}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
 :precision binary32
 (+ (* (- 1.0 u) n0_i) (* (* normAngle (/ u (sin normAngle))) n1_i)))

C

float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	return ((1.0f - u) * n0_i) + ((normAngle * (u / sinf(normAngle))) * n1_i);
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(normangle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
    real(4), intent (in) :: normangle
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    real(4), intent (in) :: n0_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: n1_i
    code = ((1.0e0 - u) * n0_i) + ((normangle * (u / sin(normangle))) * n1_i)
end function

Julia

function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) * n0_i) + Float32(Float32(normAngle * Float32(u / sin(normAngle))) * n1_i))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	tmp = ((single(1.0) - u) * n0_i) + ((normAngle * (u / sin(normAngle))) * n1_i);
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 97.2%

   \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - u\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower--.f32 96.7

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - u\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

5. Applied rewrites 96.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - u\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

6. Taylor expanded in u around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot u}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot n1\_i \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(normAngle \cdot \frac{u}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

   2. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(normAngle \cdot \frac{u}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

   3. lower-/.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(normAngle \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{u}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   4. lower-sin.f32 98.3

      \[\leadsto \left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(normAngle \cdot \frac{u}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

8. Applied rewrites 98.3%

   \[\leadsto \left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(normAngle \cdot \frac{u}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 67.7% accurate, 16.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n1\_i \leq -4.99999991225835 \cdot 10^{-15} \lor \neg \left(n1\_i \leq 6.999999777858658 \cdot 10^{-21}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;n1\_i \cdot u\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i, u, n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
 :precision binary32
 (if (or (<= n1_i -4.99999991225835e-15) (not (<= n1_i 6.999999777858658e-21)))
   (* n1_i u)
   (fma n1_i u (* n0_i (- 1.0 u)))))

C

float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	float tmp;
	if ((n1_i <= -4.99999991225835e-15f) || !(n1_i <= 6.999999777858658e-21f)) {
		tmp = n1_i * u;
	} else {
		tmp = fmaf(n1_i, u, (n0_i * (1.0f - u)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if ((n1_i <= Float32(-4.99999991225835e-15)) || !(n1_i <= Float32(6.999999777858658e-21)))
		tmp = Float32(n1_i * u);
	else
		tmp = fma(n1_i, u, Float32(n0_i * Float32(Float32(1.0) - u)));
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if n1_i < -4.99999991e-15 or 6.99999978e-21 < n1_i

   1. Initial program 96.3%

      \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in n0_i around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i \cdot \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)}{\sin normAngle}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i}}{\sin normAngle} \]

      2. associate-/l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

      3. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

      4. lower-sin.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]

      5. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]

      6. lower-/.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

      7. lower-sin.f32 63.1

         \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 63.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

      \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot \color{blue}{u} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 63.0%

      \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot \color{blue}{u} \]

   if -4.99999991e-15 < n1_i < 6.99999978e-21

   1. Initial program 98.2%

      \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in u around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot u}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot n1\_i \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*l/ N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

      2. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

      3. lower-/.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\color{blue}{\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      4. lower-sin.f32 98.6

         \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   5. Applied rewrites 98.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

   6. Taylor expanded in u around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. fp-cancel-sign-sub-inv N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      2. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \color{blue}{1} \cdot \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      3. *-lft-identity N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      4. lower--.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      5. lower-/.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      6. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right) \cdot normAngle}}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      7. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right) \cdot normAngle}}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      8. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      9. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      10. lower-cos.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\cos normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      11. lower-sin.f32 98.0

          \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot normAngle}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   8. Applied rewrites 98.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   9. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right) + n1\_i \cdot u} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

       1. +-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{n1\_i \cdot u + n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right)} \]

       2. lower-fma.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i, u, n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right)\right)} \]

       3. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i, u, \color{blue}{n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right)}\right) \]

       4. lower--.f32 77.4

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i, u, n0\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - u\right)}\right) \]

   11. Applied rewrites 77.4%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i, u, n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 70.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n1\_i \leq -4.99999991225835 \cdot 10^{-15} \lor \neg \left(n1\_i \leq 6.999999777858658 \cdot 10^{-21}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;n1\_i \cdot u\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i, u, n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 66.8% accurate, 17.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n1\_i \leq -4.99999991225835 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;n1\_i \cdot u\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n1\_i \leq 6.999999777858658 \cdot 10^{-21}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i, u, n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, u \cdot n1\_i\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= n1_i -4.99999991225835e-15)
   (* n1_i u)
   (if (<= n1_i 6.999999777858658e-21)
     (fma n1_i u (* n0_i (- 1.0 u)))
     (fma (- 1.0 u) n0_i (* u n1_i)))))

C

float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	float tmp;
	if (n1_i <= -4.99999991225835e-15f) {
		tmp = n1_i * u;
	} else if (n1_i <= 6.999999777858658e-21f) {
		tmp = fmaf(n1_i, u, (n0_i * (1.0f - u)));
	} else {
		tmp = fmaf((1.0f - u), n0_i, (u * n1_i));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (n1_i <= Float32(-4.99999991225835e-15))
		tmp = Float32(n1_i * u);
	elseif (n1_i <= Float32(6.999999777858658e-21))
		tmp = fma(n1_i, u, Float32(n0_i * Float32(Float32(1.0) - u)));
	else
		tmp = fma(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u), n0_i, Float32(u * n1_i));
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if n1_i < -4.99999991e-15

   1. Initial program 95.6%

      \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in n0_i around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i \cdot \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)}{\sin normAngle}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i}}{\sin normAngle} \]

      2. associate-/l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

      3. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

      4. lower-sin.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]

      5. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]

      6. lower-/.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

      7. lower-sin.f32 68.2

         \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 68.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

      \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot \color{blue}{u} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 67.8%

      \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot \color{blue}{u} \]

   if -4.99999991e-15 < n1_i < 6.99999978e-21

   1. Initial program 98.2%

      \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in u around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot u}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot n1\_i \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*l/ N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

      2. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

      3. lower-/.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\color{blue}{\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      4. lower-sin.f32 98.6

         \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   5. Applied rewrites 98.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right)} \cdot n1\_i \]

   6. Taylor expanded in u around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. fp-cancel-sign-sub-inv N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      2. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \color{blue}{1} \cdot \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      3. *-lft-identity N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      4. lower--.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      5. lower-/.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \color{blue}{\frac{normAngle \cdot \left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right)}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      6. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right) \cdot normAngle}}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      7. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(u \cdot \cos normAngle\right) \cdot normAngle}}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      8. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      9. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      10. lower-cos.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\cos normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

      11. lower-sin.f32 98.0

          \[\leadsto \left(1 - \frac{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot normAngle}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   8. Applied rewrites 98.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - \frac{\left(\cos normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot normAngle}{\sin normAngle}\right)} \cdot n0\_i + \left(\frac{normAngle}{\sin normAngle} \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i \]

   9. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right) + n1\_i \cdot u} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

       1. +-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{n1\_i \cdot u + n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right)} \]

       2. lower-fma.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i, u, n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right)\right)} \]

       3. lower-*.f32 N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i, u, \color{blue}{n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right)}\right) \]

       4. lower--.f32 77.4

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i, u, n0\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - u\right)}\right) \]

   11. Applied rewrites 76.6%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i, u, n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right)\right)} \]

   if 6.99999978e-21 < n1_i

   1. Initial program 96.9%

      \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right) + n1\_i \cdot u} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i} + n1\_i \cdot u \]

      2. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right)} \]

      3. lower--.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{1 - u}, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right) \]

      4. lower-*.f32 59.5

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, \color{blue}{n1\_i \cdot u}\right) \]

   5. Applied rewrites 58.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 58.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, u \cdot n1\_i\right) \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 57.1% accurate, 20.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n1\_i \leq -1.999999967550318 \cdot 10^{-17} \lor \neg \left(n1\_i \leq 6.999999777858658 \cdot 10^{-21}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;n1\_i \cdot u\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
 :precision binary32
 (if (or (<= n1_i -1.999999967550318e-17)
         (not (<= n1_i 6.999999777858658e-21)))
   (* n1_i u)
   (fma (- n1_i n0_i) u n0_i)))

C

float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	float tmp;
	if ((n1_i <= -1.999999967550318e-17f) || !(n1_i <= 6.999999777858658e-21f)) {
		tmp = n1_i * u;
	} else {
		tmp = fmaf((n1_i - n0_i), u, n0_i);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if ((n1_i <= Float32(-1.999999967550318e-17)) || !(n1_i <= Float32(6.999999777858658e-21)))
		tmp = Float32(n1_i * u);
	else
		tmp = fma(Float32(n1_i - n0_i), u, n0_i);
	end
	return tmp
end

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if n1_i < -1.99999997e-17 or 6.99999978e-21 < n1_i

   1. Initial program 96.5%

      \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in n0_i around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i \cdot \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)}{\sin normAngle}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i}}{\sin normAngle} \]

      2. associate-/l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

      3. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

      4. lower-sin.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]

      5. lower-*.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]

      6. lower-/.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

      7. lower-sin.f32 62.6

         \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 62.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

      \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot \color{blue}{u} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 62.5%

      \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot \color{blue}{u} \]

   if -1.99999997e-17 < n1_i < 6.99999978e-21

   1. Initial program 98.1%

      \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right) + n1\_i \cdot u} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i} + n1\_i \cdot u \]

      2. lower-fma.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right)} \]

      3. lower--.f32 N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{1 - u}, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right) \]

      4. lower-*.f32 18.4

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, \color{blue}{n1\_i \cdot u}\right) \]

   5. Applied rewrites 18.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 97.7%

      \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot u + \color{blue}{n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right)} \]

   8. Taylor expanded in u around 0

      \[\leadsto n0\_i + \color{blue}{u \cdot \left(n1\_i + -1 \cdot n0\_i\right)} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

   10. Applied rewrites 61.8%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i - n0\_i, \color{blue}{u}, n0\_i\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 62.2%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n1\_i \leq -1.999999967550318 \cdot 10^{-17} \lor \neg \left(n1\_i \leq 6.999999777858658 \cdot 10^{-21}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;n1\_i \cdot u\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(n1\_i - n0\_i, u, n0\_i\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 98.0% accurate, 27.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ n1\_i \cdot u + \left(n0\_i - n0\_i \cdot u\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
 :precision binary32
 (+ (* n1_i u) (- n0_i (* n0_i u))))

C

float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	return (n1_i * u) + (n0_i - (n0_i * u));
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(normangle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
    real(4), intent (in) :: normangle
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    real(4), intent (in) :: n0_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: n1_i
    code = (n1_i * u) + (n0_i - (n0_i * u))
end function

Julia

function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	return Float32(Float32(n1_i * u) + Float32(n0_i - Float32(n0_i * u)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	tmp = (n1_i * u) + (n0_i - (n0_i * u));
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 97.2%

   \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right) + n1\_i \cdot u} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 - u\right) \cdot n0\_i} + n1\_i \cdot u \]

   2. lower-fma.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right)} \]

   3. lower--.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{1 - u}, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right) \]

   4. lower-*.f32 42.2

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, \color{blue}{n1\_i \cdot u}\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 41.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, n0\_i, n1\_i \cdot u\right)} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

7. Applied rewrites 97.5%

   \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot u + \color{blue}{n0\_i \cdot \left(1 - u\right)} \]

8. Taylor expanded in u around 0

   \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot u + \left(n0\_i + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(n0\_i \cdot u\right)}\right) \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

10. Applied rewrites 97.7%

    \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot u + \left(n0\_i - \color{blue}{n0\_i \cdot u}\right) \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 38.3% accurate, 76.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ n1\_i \cdot u \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i) :precision binary32 (* n1_i u))

C

float code(float normAngle, float u, float n0_i, float n1_i) {
	return n1_i * u;
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(normangle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
    real(4), intent (in) :: normangle
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    real(4), intent (in) :: n0_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: n1_i
    code = n1_i * u
end function

Julia

function code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	return Float32(n1_i * u)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(normAngle, u, n0_i, n1_i)
	tmp = n1_i * u;
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 97.2%

   \[\left(\sin \left(\left(1 - u\right) \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n0\_i + \left(\sin \left(u \cdot normAngle\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin normAngle}\right) \cdot n1\_i \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in n0_i around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i \cdot \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)}{\sin normAngle}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot n1\_i}}{\sin normAngle} \]

   2. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

   3. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

   4. lower-sin.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]

   5. lower-*.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(normAngle \cdot u\right)} \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle} \]

   6. lower-/.f32 N/A

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

   7. lower-sin.f32 42.3

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\color{blue}{\sin normAngle}} \]

5. Applied rewrites 42.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(normAngle \cdot u\right) \cdot \frac{n1\_i}{\sin normAngle}} \]

6. Taylor expanded in normAngle around 0

   \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot \color{blue}{u} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 42.2%

   \[\leadsto n1\_i \cdot \color{blue}{u} \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024339 
(FPCore (normAngle u n0_i n1_i)
  :name "Curve intersection, scale width based on ribbon orientation"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (and (and (and (<= 0.0 normAngle) (<= normAngle (/ (PI) 2.0))) (and (<= -1.0 n0_i) (<= n0_i 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 n1_i) (<= n1_i 1.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)))
  (+ (* (* (sin (* (- 1.0 u) normAngle)) (/ 1.0 (sin normAngle))) n0_i) (* (* (sin (* u normAngle)) (/ 1.0 (sin normAngle))) n1_i)))