1/2(abs(p)+abs(r) + sqrt((p-r)^2 + 4q^2))

Percentage Accurate: 45.6% → 80.6%
Time: 7.0s
Alternatives: 9
Speedup: 11.3×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (p r q)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (/ 1.0 2.0)
  (+ (+ (fabs p) (fabs r)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- p r) 2.0) (* 4.0 (pow q 2.0)))))))
double code(double p, double r, double q) {
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((fabs(p) + fabs(r)) + sqrt((pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * pow(q, 2.0)))));
}
real(8) function code(p, r, q)
    real(8), intent (in) :: p
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    real(8), intent (in) :: q
    code = (1.0d0 / 2.0d0) * ((abs(p) + abs(r)) + sqrt((((p - r) ** 2.0d0) + (4.0d0 * (q ** 2.0d0)))))
end function
public static double code(double p, double r, double q) {
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((Math.abs(p) + Math.abs(r)) + Math.sqrt((Math.pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * Math.pow(q, 2.0)))));
}
def code(p, r, q):
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((math.fabs(p) + math.fabs(r)) + math.sqrt((math.pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * math.pow(q, 2.0)))))
function code(p, r, q)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / 2.0) * Float64(Float64(abs(p) + abs(r)) + sqrt(Float64((Float64(p - r) ^ 2.0) + Float64(4.0 * (q ^ 2.0))))))
end
function tmp = code(p, r, q)
	tmp = (1.0 / 2.0) * ((abs(p) + abs(r)) + sqrt((((p - r) ^ 2.0) + (4.0 * (q ^ 2.0)))));
end
code[p_, r_, q_] := N[(N[(1.0 / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(p - r), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(4.0 * N[Power[q, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 9 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 45.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (p r q)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (/ 1.0 2.0)
  (+ (+ (fabs p) (fabs r)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- p r) 2.0) (* 4.0 (pow q 2.0)))))))
double code(double p, double r, double q) {
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((fabs(p) + fabs(r)) + sqrt((pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * pow(q, 2.0)))));
}
real(8) function code(p, r, q)
    real(8), intent (in) :: p
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    real(8), intent (in) :: q
    code = (1.0d0 / 2.0d0) * ((abs(p) + abs(r)) + sqrt((((p - r) ** 2.0d0) + (4.0d0 * (q ** 2.0d0)))))
end function
public static double code(double p, double r, double q) {
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((Math.abs(p) + Math.abs(r)) + Math.sqrt((Math.pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * Math.pow(q, 2.0)))));
}
def code(p, r, q):
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((math.fabs(p) + math.fabs(r)) + math.sqrt((math.pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * math.pow(q, 2.0)))))
function code(p, r, q)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / 2.0) * Float64(Float64(abs(p) + abs(r)) + sqrt(Float64((Float64(p - r) ^ 2.0) + Float64(4.0 * (q ^ 2.0))))))
end
function tmp = code(p, r, q)
	tmp = (1.0 / 2.0) * ((abs(p) + abs(r)) + sqrt((((p - r) ^ 2.0) + (4.0 * (q ^ 2.0)))));
end
code[p_, r_, q_] := N[(N[(1.0 / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(p - r), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(4.0 * N[Power[q, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 80.6% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 10^{+83}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| - p, 0.5, r\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| + r, 0.5, q\_m\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (p r q_m)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (pow q_m 2.0) 1e+83)
   (fma (- (fabs p) p) 0.5 r)
   (fma (+ (fabs p) r) 0.5 q_m)))
q_m = fabs(q);
assert(p < r && r < q_m);
double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 1e+83) {
		tmp = fma((fabs(p) - p), 0.5, r);
	} else {
		tmp = fma((fabs(p) + r), 0.5, q_m);
	}
	return tmp;
}
q_m = abs(q)
p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
function code(p, r, q_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 1e+83)
		tmp = fma(Float64(abs(p) - p), 0.5, r);
	else
		tmp = fma(Float64(abs(p) + r), 0.5, q_m);
	end
	return tmp
end
q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[N[Power[q$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision], 1e+83], N[(N[(N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] - p), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5 + r), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] + r), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5 + q$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
q_m = \left|q\right|
\\
[p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 10^{+83}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| - p, 0.5, r\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| + r, 0.5, q\_m\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64)) < 1.00000000000000003e83

    1. Initial program 58.1%

      \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
    5. Applied rewrites46.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in r around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot r + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites54.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - p\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites54.0%

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(r - p\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
        2. Taylor expanded in r around 0

          \[\leadsto r + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| - p\right)} \]
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites54.0%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| - p, 0.5, r\right) \]

          if 1.00000000000000003e83 < (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64))

          1. Initial program 24.5%

            \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
          5. Applied rewrites11.8%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in q around inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{q \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right)} \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
            3. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} + 1\right)} \cdot q \]
            4. associate-*r/N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{q}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
            5. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{q} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
            6. associate-/l*N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
            7. lower-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right)} \cdot q \]
            8. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
            9. lower-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
            10. lower-fabs.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
            11. lower-fabs.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
            12. lower-/.f6438.5

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{q}}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
          8. Applied rewrites38.5%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, \frac{0.5}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q} \]
          9. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites36.5%

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(r + \left|p\right|, \frac{0.5}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
            2. Taylor expanded in q around 0

              \[\leadsto q + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(r + \left|p\right|\right)} \]
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites36.5%

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| + r, \color{blue}{0.5}, q\right) \]
            4. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
            5. Add Preprocessing

            Alternative 2: 57.5% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 10^{-28}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|p\right|, r\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(r + p, 0.5, q\_m\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
            q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
            NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
            (FPCore (p r q_m)
             :precision binary64
             (if (<= (pow q_m 2.0) 1e-28) (fma 0.5 (fabs p) r) (fma (+ r p) 0.5 q_m)))
            q_m = fabs(q);
            assert(p < r && r < q_m);
            double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
            	double tmp;
            	if (pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 1e-28) {
            		tmp = fma(0.5, fabs(p), r);
            	} else {
            		tmp = fma((r + p), 0.5, q_m);
            	}
            	return tmp;
            }
            
            q_m = abs(q)
            p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
            function code(p, r, q_m)
            	tmp = 0.0
            	if ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 1e-28)
            		tmp = fma(0.5, abs(p), r);
            	else
            		tmp = fma(Float64(r + p), 0.5, q_m);
            	end
            	return tmp
            end
            
            q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
            NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
            code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[N[Power[q$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision], 1e-28], N[(0.5 * N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] + r), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(r + p), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5 + q$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            q_m = \left|q\right|
            \\
            [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
            \\
            \begin{array}{l}
            \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 10^{-28}:\\
            \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|p\right|, r\right)\\
            
            \mathbf{else}:\\
            \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(r + p, 0.5, q\_m\right)\\
            
            
            \end{array}
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Split input into 2 regimes
            2. if (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64)) < 9.99999999999999971e-29

              1. Initial program 55.1%

                \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
              5. Applied rewrites48.3%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
              6. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot r + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p\right)} \]
              7. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites56.7%

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - p\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
                2. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites56.4%

                    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(r - p\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
                  2. Taylor expanded in p around 0

                    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \color{blue}{2 \cdot r}\right) \]
                  3. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites36.2%

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|p\right|, r\right) \]

                    if 9.99999999999999971e-29 < (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64))

                    1. Initial program 32.1%

                      \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. *-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                      2. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                    5. Applied rewrites14.7%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                    6. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{q \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right)} \]
                    7. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. *-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                      2. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                      3. +-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} + 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                      4. associate-*r/N/A

                        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{q}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                      5. *-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{q} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                      6. associate-/l*N/A

                        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                      7. lower-fma.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                      8. +-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                      9. lower-+.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                      10. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                      11. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                      12. lower-/.f6438.3

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{q}}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                    8. Applied rewrites38.3%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, \frac{0.5}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q} \]
                    9. Taylor expanded in q around 0

                      \[\leadsto q + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)} \]
                    10. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites38.3%

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, q\right) \]
                      2. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites35.2%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(r + p, 0.5, q\right)} \]
                      3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                      4. Add Preprocessing

                      Alternative 3: 56.5% accurate, 2.2× speedup?

                      \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 10^{-28}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|p\right|, r\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot q\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                      q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                      NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                      (FPCore (p r q_m)
                       :precision binary64
                       (if (<= (pow q_m 2.0) 1e-28) (fma 0.5 (fabs p) r) (* 1.0 q_m)))
                      q_m = fabs(q);
                      assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                      double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                      	double tmp;
                      	if (pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 1e-28) {
                      		tmp = fma(0.5, fabs(p), r);
                      	} else {
                      		tmp = 1.0 * q_m;
                      	}
                      	return tmp;
                      }
                      
                      q_m = abs(q)
                      p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                      function code(p, r, q_m)
                      	tmp = 0.0
                      	if ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 1e-28)
                      		tmp = fma(0.5, abs(p), r);
                      	else
                      		tmp = Float64(1.0 * q_m);
                      	end
                      	return tmp
                      end
                      
                      q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                      NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                      code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[N[Power[q$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision], 1e-28], N[(0.5 * N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] + r), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 * q$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]
                      
                      \begin{array}{l}
                      q_m = \left|q\right|
                      \\
                      [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                      \\
                      \begin{array}{l}
                      \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 10^{-28}:\\
                      \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|p\right|, r\right)\\
                      
                      \mathbf{else}:\\
                      \;\;\;\;1 \cdot q\_m\\
                      
                      
                      \end{array}
                      \end{array}
                      
                      Derivation
                      1. Split input into 2 regimes
                      2. if (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64)) < 9.99999999999999971e-29

                        1. Initial program 55.1%

                          \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                        2. Add Preprocessing
                        3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. *-commutativeN/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                          2. lower-*.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                        5. Applied rewrites48.3%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                        6. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot r + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p\right)} \]
                        7. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites56.7%

                            \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - p\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
                          2. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. Applied rewrites56.4%

                              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(r - p\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
                            2. Taylor expanded in p around 0

                              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \color{blue}{2 \cdot r}\right) \]
                            3. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. Applied rewrites36.2%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|p\right|, r\right) \]

                              if 9.99999999999999971e-29 < (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64))

                              1. Initial program 32.1%

                                \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                              2. Add Preprocessing
                              3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                              4. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. *-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                              5. Applied rewrites14.7%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                              6. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{q \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right)} \]
                              7. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. *-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                                3. +-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} + 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                                4. associate-*r/N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{q}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                5. *-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{q} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                6. associate-/l*N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                7. lower-fma.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                                8. +-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                9. lower-+.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                10. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                11. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                12. lower-/.f6438.3

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{q}}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                              8. Applied rewrites38.3%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, \frac{0.5}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q} \]
                              9. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                                \[\leadsto 1 \cdot q \]
                              10. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. Applied rewrites32.4%

                                  \[\leadsto 1 \cdot q \]
                              11. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                              12. Add Preprocessing

                              Alternative 4: 37.0% accurate, 2.2× speedup?

                              \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-239}:\\ \;\;\;\;-0.5 \cdot p\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot q\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                              q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                              NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                              (FPCore (p r q_m)
                               :precision binary64
                               (if (<= (pow q_m 2.0) 5e-239) (* -0.5 p) (* 1.0 q_m)))
                              q_m = fabs(q);
                              assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                              double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                              	double tmp;
                              	if (pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 5e-239) {
                              		tmp = -0.5 * p;
                              	} else {
                              		tmp = 1.0 * q_m;
                              	}
                              	return tmp;
                              }
                              
                              q_m = abs(q)
                              NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                              real(8) function code(p, r, q_m)
                                  real(8), intent (in) :: p
                                  real(8), intent (in) :: r
                                  real(8), intent (in) :: q_m
                                  real(8) :: tmp
                                  if ((q_m ** 2.0d0) <= 5d-239) then
                                      tmp = (-0.5d0) * p
                                  else
                                      tmp = 1.0d0 * q_m
                                  end if
                                  code = tmp
                              end function
                              
                              q_m = Math.abs(q);
                              assert p < r && r < q_m;
                              public static double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                              	double tmp;
                              	if (Math.pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 5e-239) {
                              		tmp = -0.5 * p;
                              	} else {
                              		tmp = 1.0 * q_m;
                              	}
                              	return tmp;
                              }
                              
                              q_m = math.fabs(q)
                              [p, r, q_m] = sort([p, r, q_m])
                              def code(p, r, q_m):
                              	tmp = 0
                              	if math.pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 5e-239:
                              		tmp = -0.5 * p
                              	else:
                              		tmp = 1.0 * q_m
                              	return tmp
                              
                              q_m = abs(q)
                              p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                              function code(p, r, q_m)
                              	tmp = 0.0
                              	if ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 5e-239)
                              		tmp = Float64(-0.5 * p);
                              	else
                              		tmp = Float64(1.0 * q_m);
                              	end
                              	return tmp
                              end
                              
                              q_m = abs(q);
                              p, r, q_m = num2cell(sort([p, r, q_m])){:}
                              function tmp_2 = code(p, r, q_m)
                              	tmp = 0.0;
                              	if ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 5e-239)
                              		tmp = -0.5 * p;
                              	else
                              		tmp = 1.0 * q_m;
                              	end
                              	tmp_2 = tmp;
                              end
                              
                              q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                              NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                              code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[N[Power[q$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision], 5e-239], N[(-0.5 * p), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 * q$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]
                              
                              \begin{array}{l}
                              q_m = \left|q\right|
                              \\
                              [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                              \\
                              \begin{array}{l}
                              \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-239}:\\
                              \;\;\;\;-0.5 \cdot p\\
                              
                              \mathbf{else}:\\
                              \;\;\;\;1 \cdot q\_m\\
                              
                              
                              \end{array}
                              \end{array}
                              
                              Derivation
                              1. Split input into 2 regimes
                              2. if (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64)) < 5e-239

                                1. Initial program 52.6%

                                  \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                2. Add Preprocessing
                                3. Taylor expanded in p around -inf

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot p} \]
                                4. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. lower-*.f648.3

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot p} \]
                                5. Applied rewrites8.3%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot p} \]

                                if 5e-239 < (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64))

                                1. Initial program 39.2%

                                  \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                2. Add Preprocessing
                                3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                                4. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                  2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                5. Applied rewrites21.8%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                                6. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{q \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right)} \]
                                7. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                                  2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                                  3. +-commutativeN/A

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} + 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                                  4. associate-*r/N/A

                                    \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{q}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                  5. *-commutativeN/A

                                    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{q} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                  6. associate-/l*N/A

                                    \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                  7. lower-fma.f64N/A

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                                  8. +-commutativeN/A

                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                  9. lower-+.f64N/A

                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                  10. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                  11. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                  12. lower-/.f6434.6

                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{q}}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                8. Applied rewrites34.6%

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, \frac{0.5}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q} \]
                                9. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                                  \[\leadsto 1 \cdot q \]
                                10. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. Applied rewrites27.2%

                                    \[\leadsto 1 \cdot q \]
                                11. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                12. Add Preprocessing

                                Alternative 5: 66.9% accurate, 10.4× speedup?

                                \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;r \leq -6 \cdot 10^{-252}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left|p\right| - p\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{elif}\;r \leq 3.5 \cdot 10^{+83}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| + r, 0.5, q\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|p\right|, r\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                                q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                (FPCore (p r q_m)
                                 :precision binary64
                                 (if (<= r -6e-252)
                                   (* (- (fabs p) p) 0.5)
                                   (if (<= r 3.5e+83) (fma (+ (fabs p) r) 0.5 q_m) (fma 0.5 (fabs p) r))))
                                q_m = fabs(q);
                                assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                                double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                	double tmp;
                                	if (r <= -6e-252) {
                                		tmp = (fabs(p) - p) * 0.5;
                                	} else if (r <= 3.5e+83) {
                                		tmp = fma((fabs(p) + r), 0.5, q_m);
                                	} else {
                                		tmp = fma(0.5, fabs(p), r);
                                	}
                                	return tmp;
                                }
                                
                                q_m = abs(q)
                                p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                function code(p, r, q_m)
                                	tmp = 0.0
                                	if (r <= -6e-252)
                                		tmp = Float64(Float64(abs(p) - p) * 0.5);
                                	elseif (r <= 3.5e+83)
                                		tmp = fma(Float64(abs(p) + r), 0.5, q_m);
                                	else
                                		tmp = fma(0.5, abs(p), r);
                                	end
                                	return tmp
                                end
                                
                                q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[r, -6e-252], N[(N[(N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] - p), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[r, 3.5e+83], N[(N[(N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] + r), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5 + q$95$m), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] + r), $MachinePrecision]]]
                                
                                \begin{array}{l}
                                q_m = \left|q\right|
                                \\
                                [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                                \\
                                \begin{array}{l}
                                \mathbf{if}\;r \leq -6 \cdot 10^{-252}:\\
                                \;\;\;\;\left(\left|p\right| - p\right) \cdot 0.5\\
                                
                                \mathbf{elif}\;r \leq 3.5 \cdot 10^{+83}:\\
                                \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| + r, 0.5, q\_m\right)\\
                                
                                \mathbf{else}:\\
                                \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|p\right|, r\right)\\
                                
                                
                                \end{array}
                                \end{array}
                                
                                Derivation
                                1. Split input into 3 regimes
                                2. if r < -5.9999999999999999e-252

                                  1. Initial program 44.0%

                                    \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                  3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. *-commutativeN/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                    2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                  5. Applied rewrites19.0%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                                  6. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                                    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot r + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p\right)} \]
                                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. Applied rewrites24.4%

                                      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - p\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
                                    2. Step-by-step derivation
                                      1. Applied rewrites23.7%

                                        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(r - p\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
                                      2. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                                        \[\leadsto \left(\left|p\right| - p\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
                                      3. Step-by-step derivation
                                        1. Applied rewrites24.8%

                                          \[\leadsto \left(\left|p\right| - p\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

                                        if -5.9999999999999999e-252 < r < 3.49999999999999977e83

                                        1. Initial program 54.0%

                                          \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                        2. Add Preprocessing
                                        3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                                          1. *-commutativeN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                          2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                        5. Applied rewrites25.7%

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                                        6. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{q \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right)} \]
                                        7. Step-by-step derivation
                                          1. *-commutativeN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                                          2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                                          3. +-commutativeN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} + 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                                          4. associate-*r/N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{q}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                          5. *-commutativeN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{q} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                          6. associate-/l*N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                          7. lower-fma.f64N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                                          8. +-commutativeN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                          9. lower-+.f64N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                          10. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                          11. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                          12. lower-/.f6436.2

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{q}}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                        8. Applied rewrites36.2%

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, \frac{0.5}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q} \]
                                        9. Step-by-step derivation
                                          1. Applied rewrites36.2%

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(r + \left|p\right|, \frac{0.5}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                          2. Taylor expanded in q around 0

                                            \[\leadsto q + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(r + \left|p\right|\right)} \]
                                          3. Step-by-step derivation
                                            1. Applied rewrites38.2%

                                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| + r, \color{blue}{0.5}, q\right) \]

                                            if 3.49999999999999977e83 < r

                                            1. Initial program 20.7%

                                              \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                            2. Add Preprocessing
                                            3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                                              1. *-commutativeN/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                              2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                            5. Applied rewrites81.2%

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                                            6. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                                              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot r + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p\right)} \]
                                            7. Step-by-step derivation
                                              1. Applied rewrites81.2%

                                                \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - p\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
                                              2. Step-by-step derivation
                                                1. Applied rewrites81.2%

                                                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(r - p\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
                                                2. Taylor expanded in p around 0

                                                  \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \color{blue}{2 \cdot r}\right) \]
                                                3. Step-by-step derivation
                                                  1. Applied rewrites75.4%

                                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|p\right|, r\right) \]
                                                4. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                                                5. Add Preprocessing

                                                Alternative 6: 64.5% accurate, 11.3× speedup?

                                                \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;r \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{-252}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left|p\right| - p\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{elif}\;r \leq 2.15 \cdot 10^{+46}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(r + p, 0.5, q\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|p\right|, r\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                                                q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                (FPCore (p r q_m)
                                                 :precision binary64
                                                 (if (<= r -5.5e-252)
                                                   (* (- (fabs p) p) 0.5)
                                                   (if (<= r 2.15e+46) (fma (+ r p) 0.5 q_m) (fma 0.5 (fabs p) r))))
                                                q_m = fabs(q);
                                                assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                                                double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                                	double tmp;
                                                	if (r <= -5.5e-252) {
                                                		tmp = (fabs(p) - p) * 0.5;
                                                	} else if (r <= 2.15e+46) {
                                                		tmp = fma((r + p), 0.5, q_m);
                                                	} else {
                                                		tmp = fma(0.5, fabs(p), r);
                                                	}
                                                	return tmp;
                                                }
                                                
                                                q_m = abs(q)
                                                p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                                function code(p, r, q_m)
                                                	tmp = 0.0
                                                	if (r <= -5.5e-252)
                                                		tmp = Float64(Float64(abs(p) - p) * 0.5);
                                                	elseif (r <= 2.15e+46)
                                                		tmp = fma(Float64(r + p), 0.5, q_m);
                                                	else
                                                		tmp = fma(0.5, abs(p), r);
                                                	end
                                                	return tmp
                                                end
                                                
                                                q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[r, -5.5e-252], N[(N[(N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] - p), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[r, 2.15e+46], N[(N[(r + p), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5 + q$95$m), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] + r), $MachinePrecision]]]
                                                
                                                \begin{array}{l}
                                                q_m = \left|q\right|
                                                \\
                                                [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                                                \\
                                                \begin{array}{l}
                                                \mathbf{if}\;r \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{-252}:\\
                                                \;\;\;\;\left(\left|p\right| - p\right) \cdot 0.5\\
                                                
                                                \mathbf{elif}\;r \leq 2.15 \cdot 10^{+46}:\\
                                                \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(r + p, 0.5, q\_m\right)\\
                                                
                                                \mathbf{else}:\\
                                                \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|p\right|, r\right)\\
                                                
                                                
                                                \end{array}
                                                \end{array}
                                                
                                                Derivation
                                                1. Split input into 3 regimes
                                                2. if r < -5.5e-252

                                                  1. Initial program 44.0%

                                                    \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                                  3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                    1. *-commutativeN/A

                                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                                    2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                                  5. Applied rewrites19.0%

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                                                  6. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                                                    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot r + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p\right)} \]
                                                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                                                    1. Applied rewrites24.4%

                                                      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - p\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
                                                    2. Step-by-step derivation
                                                      1. Applied rewrites23.7%

                                                        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(r - p\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
                                                      2. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                                                        \[\leadsto \left(\left|p\right| - p\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
                                                      3. Step-by-step derivation
                                                        1. Applied rewrites24.8%

                                                          \[\leadsto \left(\left|p\right| - p\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

                                                        if -5.5e-252 < r < 2.15000000000000002e46

                                                        1. Initial program 53.5%

                                                          \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                                        2. Add Preprocessing
                                                        3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                                                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                          1. *-commutativeN/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                                          2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                                        5. Applied rewrites23.7%

                                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                                                        6. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{q \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right)} \]
                                                        7. Step-by-step derivation
                                                          1. *-commutativeN/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                                                          2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                                                          3. +-commutativeN/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} + 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                                                          4. associate-*r/N/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{q}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                                          5. *-commutativeN/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{q} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                                          6. associate-/l*N/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                                          7. lower-fma.f64N/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                                                          8. +-commutativeN/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                                          9. lower-+.f64N/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                                          10. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                                          11. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}, \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                                          12. lower-/.f6435.5

                                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{q}}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                                        8. Applied rewrites35.5%

                                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, \frac{0.5}{q}, 1\right) \cdot q} \]
                                                        9. Taylor expanded in q around 0

                                                          \[\leadsto q + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)} \]
                                                        10. Step-by-step derivation
                                                          1. Applied rewrites37.5%

                                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, q\right) \]
                                                          2. Step-by-step derivation
                                                            1. Applied rewrites34.8%

                                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(r + p, 0.5, q\right)} \]

                                                            if 2.15000000000000002e46 < r

                                                            1. Initial program 25.1%

                                                              \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                                            2. Add Preprocessing
                                                            3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                                                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                              1. *-commutativeN/A

                                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                                              2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                                            5. Applied rewrites79.2%

                                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                                                            6. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                                                              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot r + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p\right)} \]
                                                            7. Step-by-step derivation
                                                              1. Applied rewrites79.2%

                                                                \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - p\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
                                                              2. Step-by-step derivation
                                                                1. Applied rewrites79.2%

                                                                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| + r\right) + \left(r - p\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
                                                                2. Taylor expanded in p around 0

                                                                  \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \color{blue}{2 \cdot r}\right) \]
                                                                3. Step-by-step derivation
                                                                  1. Applied rewrites70.6%

                                                                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|p\right|, r\right) \]
                                                                4. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                                                                5. Add Preprocessing

                                                                Alternative 7: 13.0% accurate, 20.8× speedup?

                                                                \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;p \leq -1.7 \cdot 10^{-10}:\\ \;\;\;\;-0.5 \cdot p\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot r\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                                                                q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                                                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                                (FPCore (p r q_m)
                                                                 :precision binary64
                                                                 (if (<= p -1.7e-10) (* -0.5 p) (* 0.5 r)))
                                                                q_m = fabs(q);
                                                                assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                                                                double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                                                	double tmp;
                                                                	if (p <= -1.7e-10) {
                                                                		tmp = -0.5 * p;
                                                                	} else {
                                                                		tmp = 0.5 * r;
                                                                	}
                                                                	return tmp;
                                                                }
                                                                
                                                                q_m = abs(q)
                                                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                                real(8) function code(p, r, q_m)
                                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: p
                                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: r
                                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: q_m
                                                                    real(8) :: tmp
                                                                    if (p <= (-1.7d-10)) then
                                                                        tmp = (-0.5d0) * p
                                                                    else
                                                                        tmp = 0.5d0 * r
                                                                    end if
                                                                    code = tmp
                                                                end function
                                                                
                                                                q_m = Math.abs(q);
                                                                assert p < r && r < q_m;
                                                                public static double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                                                	double tmp;
                                                                	if (p <= -1.7e-10) {
                                                                		tmp = -0.5 * p;
                                                                	} else {
                                                                		tmp = 0.5 * r;
                                                                	}
                                                                	return tmp;
                                                                }
                                                                
                                                                q_m = math.fabs(q)
                                                                [p, r, q_m] = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                                                def code(p, r, q_m):
                                                                	tmp = 0
                                                                	if p <= -1.7e-10:
                                                                		tmp = -0.5 * p
                                                                	else:
                                                                		tmp = 0.5 * r
                                                                	return tmp
                                                                
                                                                q_m = abs(q)
                                                                p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                                                function code(p, r, q_m)
                                                                	tmp = 0.0
                                                                	if (p <= -1.7e-10)
                                                                		tmp = Float64(-0.5 * p);
                                                                	else
                                                                		tmp = Float64(0.5 * r);
                                                                	end
                                                                	return tmp
                                                                end
                                                                
                                                                q_m = abs(q);
                                                                p, r, q_m = num2cell(sort([p, r, q_m])){:}
                                                                function tmp_2 = code(p, r, q_m)
                                                                	tmp = 0.0;
                                                                	if (p <= -1.7e-10)
                                                                		tmp = -0.5 * p;
                                                                	else
                                                                		tmp = 0.5 * r;
                                                                	end
                                                                	tmp_2 = tmp;
                                                                end
                                                                
                                                                q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                                                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                                code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[p, -1.7e-10], N[(-0.5 * p), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * r), $MachinePrecision]]
                                                                
                                                                \begin{array}{l}
                                                                q_m = \left|q\right|
                                                                \\
                                                                [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                                                                \\
                                                                \begin{array}{l}
                                                                \mathbf{if}\;p \leq -1.7 \cdot 10^{-10}:\\
                                                                \;\;\;\;-0.5 \cdot p\\
                                                                
                                                                \mathbf{else}:\\
                                                                \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot r\\
                                                                
                                                                
                                                                \end{array}
                                                                \end{array}
                                                                
                                                                Derivation
                                                                1. Split input into 2 regimes
                                                                2. if p < -1.70000000000000007e-10

                                                                  1. Initial program 40.1%

                                                                    \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                                                  3. Taylor expanded in p around -inf

                                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot p} \]
                                                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                                    1. lower-*.f6413.1

                                                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot p} \]
                                                                  5. Applied rewrites13.1%

                                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot p} \]

                                                                  if -1.70000000000000007e-10 < p

                                                                  1. Initial program 45.5%

                                                                    \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                                                  3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot r} \]
                                                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                                    1. lower-*.f645.7

                                                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot r} \]
                                                                  5. Applied rewrites5.7%

                                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot r} \]
                                                                3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                                                4. Add Preprocessing

                                                                Alternative 8: 8.5% accurate, 41.7× speedup?

                                                                \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ -0.5 \cdot p \end{array} \]
                                                                q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                                                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                                (FPCore (p r q_m) :precision binary64 (* -0.5 p))
                                                                q_m = fabs(q);
                                                                assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                                                                double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                                                	return -0.5 * p;
                                                                }
                                                                
                                                                q_m = abs(q)
                                                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                                real(8) function code(p, r, q_m)
                                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: p
                                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: r
                                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: q_m
                                                                    code = (-0.5d0) * p
                                                                end function
                                                                
                                                                q_m = Math.abs(q);
                                                                assert p < r && r < q_m;
                                                                public static double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                                                	return -0.5 * p;
                                                                }
                                                                
                                                                q_m = math.fabs(q)
                                                                [p, r, q_m] = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                                                def code(p, r, q_m):
                                                                	return -0.5 * p
                                                                
                                                                q_m = abs(q)
                                                                p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                                                function code(p, r, q_m)
                                                                	return Float64(-0.5 * p)
                                                                end
                                                                
                                                                q_m = abs(q);
                                                                p, r, q_m = num2cell(sort([p, r, q_m])){:}
                                                                function tmp = code(p, r, q_m)
                                                                	tmp = -0.5 * p;
                                                                end
                                                                
                                                                q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                                                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                                code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := N[(-0.5 * p), $MachinePrecision]
                                                                
                                                                \begin{array}{l}
                                                                q_m = \left|q\right|
                                                                \\
                                                                [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                                                                \\
                                                                -0.5 \cdot p
                                                                \end{array}
                                                                
                                                                Derivation
                                                                1. Initial program 44.0%

                                                                  \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                                                2. Add Preprocessing
                                                                3. Taylor expanded in p around -inf

                                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot p} \]
                                                                4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                                  1. lower-*.f645.3

                                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot p} \]
                                                                5. Applied rewrites5.3%

                                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot p} \]
                                                                6. Add Preprocessing

                                                                Alternative 9: 1.2% accurate, 83.3× speedup?

                                                                \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ -q\_m \end{array} \]
                                                                q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                                                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                                (FPCore (p r q_m) :precision binary64 (- q_m))
                                                                q_m = fabs(q);
                                                                assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                                                                double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                                                	return -q_m;
                                                                }
                                                                
                                                                q_m = abs(q)
                                                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                                real(8) function code(p, r, q_m)
                                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: p
                                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: r
                                                                    real(8), intent (in) :: q_m
                                                                    code = -q_m
                                                                end function
                                                                
                                                                q_m = Math.abs(q);
                                                                assert p < r && r < q_m;
                                                                public static double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                                                	return -q_m;
                                                                }
                                                                
                                                                q_m = math.fabs(q)
                                                                [p, r, q_m] = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                                                def code(p, r, q_m):
                                                                	return -q_m
                                                                
                                                                q_m = abs(q)
                                                                p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                                                function code(p, r, q_m)
                                                                	return Float64(-q_m)
                                                                end
                                                                
                                                                q_m = abs(q);
                                                                p, r, q_m = num2cell(sort([p, r, q_m])){:}
                                                                function tmp = code(p, r, q_m)
                                                                	tmp = -q_m;
                                                                end
                                                                
                                                                q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                                                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                                                code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := (-q$95$m)
                                                                
                                                                \begin{array}{l}
                                                                q_m = \left|q\right|
                                                                \\
                                                                [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                                                                \\
                                                                -q\_m
                                                                \end{array}
                                                                
                                                                Derivation
                                                                1. Initial program 44.0%

                                                                  \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                                                2. Add Preprocessing
                                                                3. Taylor expanded in q around -inf

                                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot q} \]
                                                                4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                                  1. mul-1-negN/A

                                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(q\right)} \]
                                                                  2. lower-neg.f6418.8

                                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                                                                5. Applied rewrites18.8%

                                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                                                                6. Add Preprocessing

                                                                Reproduce

                                                                ?
                                                                herbie shell --seed 2024333 
                                                                (FPCore (p r q)
                                                                  :name "1/2(abs(p)+abs(r) + sqrt((p-r)^2 + 4q^2))"
                                                                  :precision binary64
                                                                  (* (/ 1.0 2.0) (+ (+ (fabs p) (fabs r)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- p r) 2.0) (* 4.0 (pow q 2.0)))))))