Destination given bearing on a great circle

Percentage Accurate: 99.7% → 99.8%
Time: 10.5s
Alternatives: 14
Speedup: 1.2×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (sin phi1)
     (sin
      (asin
       (+
        (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
        (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - (Math.sin(phi1) * Math.sin(Math.asin(((Math.sin(phi1) * Math.cos(delta)) + ((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(theta))))))));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - (math.sin(phi1) * math.sin(math.asin(((math.sin(phi1) * math.cos(delta)) + ((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(theta))))))))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))))))))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 14 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (sin phi1)
     (sin
      (asin
       (+
        (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
        (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - (Math.sin(phi1) * Math.sin(Math.asin(((Math.sin(phi1) * Math.cos(delta)) + ((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(theta))))))));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - (math.sin(phi1) * math.sin(math.asin(((math.sin(phi1) * math.cos(delta)) + ((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(theta))))))))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))))))))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (fma
    (fma (cos theta) (* (sin delta) (cos phi1)) (* (cos delta) (sin phi1)))
    (- (sin phi1))
    (cos delta)))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), fma(fma(cos(theta), (sin(delta) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) * sin(phi1))), -sin(phi1), cos(delta)));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), fma(fma(cos(theta), Float64(sin(delta) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) * sin(phi1))), Float64(-sin(phi1)), cos(delta))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]) + N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    3. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    4. lift-asin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    5. sin-asinN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    6. fp-cancel-sub-sign-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    7. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) + \cos delta}} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right)} + \cos delta} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)) (sin delta))
   (fma
    (fma (cos theta) (* (sin delta) (cos phi1)) (* (cos delta) (sin phi1)))
    (- (sin phi1))
    (cos delta)))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), fma(fma(cos(theta), (sin(delta) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) * sin(phi1))), -sin(phi1), cos(delta)));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), fma(fma(cos(theta), Float64(sin(delta) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) * sin(phi1))), Float64(-sin(phi1)), cos(delta))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]) + N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    3. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    4. lift-asin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    5. sin-asinN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    6. fp-cancel-sub-sign-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    7. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) + \cos delta}} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right)} + \cos delta} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    3. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    6. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    7. lower-*.f6499.7

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
  6. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 94.8% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (* (fma (sin delta) (cos phi1) (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))) (sin phi1))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (fma(sin(delta), cos(phi1), (sin(phi1) * cos(delta))) * sin(phi1))));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(fma(sin(delta), cos(phi1), Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta))) * sin(phi1)))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}} \]
    2. lower-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\color{blue}{\cos theta} \cdot \sin delta\right)} \]
    3. lower-sin.f6487.9

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\cos theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}\right)} \]
  5. Applied rewrites87.9%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
    2. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
    3. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta + \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1} + \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    5. lower-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    6. lower-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin delta}, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    7. lower-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta}\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    9. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta}\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    10. lower-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1} \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    11. lower-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos delta}\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    12. lower-sin.f6494.7

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}} \]
  8. Applied rewrites94.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 94.8% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)) (sin delta))
   (fma
    (fma (sin phi1) (cos delta) (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)))
    (- (sin phi1))
    (cos delta)))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), fma(fma(sin(phi1), cos(delta), (cos(phi1) * sin(delta))), -sin(phi1), cos(delta)));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), fma(fma(sin(phi1), cos(delta), Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta))), Float64(-sin(phi1)), cos(delta))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]) + N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    3. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    4. lift-asin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    5. sin-asinN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    6. fp-cancel-sub-sign-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    7. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) + \cos delta}} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right)} + \cos delta} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    3. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    6. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    7. lower-*.f6499.7

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
  6. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta}, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    2. lower-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    3. lower-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    4. lower-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\cos delta}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    5. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta}\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    6. lower-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1} \cdot \sin delta\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    7. lower-sin.f6494.7

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
  9. Applied rewrites94.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 92.6% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)) (sin delta))
   (fma (sin phi1) (- (sin phi1)) (cos delta)))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), fma(sin(phi1), -sin(phi1), cos(delta)));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), fma(sin(phi1), Float64(-sin(phi1)), cos(delta))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]) + N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    3. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    4. lift-asin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    5. sin-asinN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    6. fp-cancel-sub-sign-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    7. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) + \cos delta}} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right)} + \cos delta} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    3. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    6. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    7. lower-*.f6499.7

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
  6. Applied rewrites99.7%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-sin.f6492.6

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
  9. Applied rewrites92.6%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}, -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 92.6% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (- (cos delta) (pow (sin phi1) 2.0)))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - pow(sin(phi1), 2.0)));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) ** 2.0d0)))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - Math.pow(Math.sin(phi1), 2.0)));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - math.pow(math.sin(phi1), 2.0)))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) ^ 2.0))))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) ^ 2.0)));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
    2. lower-sin.f6492.6

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
  5. Applied rewrites92.6%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 92.3% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-7} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 110000\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= delta -9.5e-7) (not (<= delta 110000.0)))
   (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1)) (cos delta)))
   (+
    lambda1
    (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)) (sin delta)) (pow (cos phi1) 2.0)))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double tmp;
	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || !(delta <= 110000.0)) {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta));
	} else {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), pow(cos(phi1), 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((delta <= (-9.5d-7)) .or. (.not. (delta <= 110000.0d0))) then
        tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta))
    else
        tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), (cos(phi1) ** 2.0d0))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double tmp;
	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || !(delta <= 110000.0)) {
		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), Math.cos(delta));
	} else {
		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.cos(phi1)) * Math.sin(delta)), Math.pow(Math.cos(phi1), 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	tmp = 0
	if (delta <= -9.5e-7) or not (delta <= 110000.0):
		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), math.cos(delta))
	else:
		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.cos(phi1)) * math.sin(delta)), math.pow(math.cos(phi1), 2.0))
	return tmp
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || !(delta <= 110000.0))
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), (cos(phi1) ^ 2.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || ~((delta <= 110000.0)))
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta));
	else
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), (cos(phi1) ^ 2.0));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[Or[LessEqual[delta, -9.5e-7], N[Not[LessEqual[delta, 110000.0]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-7} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 110000\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if delta < -9.5000000000000001e-7 or 1.1e5 < delta

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-cos.f6484.1

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites84.1%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

    if -9.5000000000000001e-7 < delta < 1.1e5

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      3. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      4. lift-asin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      5. sin-asinN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      6. fp-cancel-sub-sign-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) + \cos delta}} \]
      8. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \phi_1\right)\right)} + \cos delta} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      3. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      5. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      6. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
      7. lower-*.f6499.7

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    6. Applied rewrites99.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\color{blue}{1 + -1 \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. fp-cancel-sign-sub-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\color{blue}{1 - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(-1\right)\right) \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      2. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{1 - \color{blue}{1} \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}} \]
      3. *-lft-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{1 - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      4. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{1 - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
      5. 1-sub-sin-revN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1}} \]
      6. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      7. lower-pow.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      8. lower-cos.f6499.5

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
    9. Applied rewrites99.5%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification92.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-7} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 110000\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 92.4% accurate, 2.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-7} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{-5}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= delta -9.5e-7) (not (<= delta 5.8e-5)))
   (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1)) (cos delta)))
   (+
    lambda1
    (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) delta) (cos phi1)) (pow (cos phi1) 2.0)))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double tmp;
	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || !(delta <= 5.8e-5)) {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta));
	} else {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), pow(cos(phi1), 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((delta <= (-9.5d-7)) .or. (.not. (delta <= 5.8d-5))) then
        tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta))
    else
        tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), (cos(phi1) ** 2.0d0))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double tmp;
	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || !(delta <= 5.8e-5)) {
		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), Math.cos(delta));
	} else {
		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * delta) * Math.cos(phi1)), Math.pow(Math.cos(phi1), 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	tmp = 0
	if (delta <= -9.5e-7) or not (delta <= 5.8e-5):
		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), math.cos(delta))
	else:
		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * delta) * math.cos(phi1)), math.pow(math.cos(phi1), 2.0))
	return tmp
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || !(delta <= 5.8e-5))
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), (cos(phi1) ^ 2.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || ~((delta <= 5.8e-5)))
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta));
	else
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), (cos(phi1) ^ 2.0));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[Or[LessEqual[delta, -9.5e-7], N[Not[LessEqual[delta, 5.8e-5]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-7} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{-5}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if delta < -9.5000000000000001e-7 or 5.8e-5 < delta

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-cos.f6484.0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites84.0%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

    if -9.5000000000000001e-7 < delta < 5.8e-5

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-cos.f6491.1

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites91.1%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{1 - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1 - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
      2. 1-sub-sin-revN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1}} \]
      3. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      4. lower-pow.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      5. lower-cos.f6499.6

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
    8. Applied rewrites99.6%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(delta \cdot \sin theta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
      3. lower-sin.f6499.6

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
    11. Applied rewrites99.6%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification92.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-7} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{-5}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 92.3% accurate, 2.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-7} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{-5}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= delta -9.5e-7) (not (<= delta 5.8e-5)))
   (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1)) (cos delta)))
   (+
    lambda1
    (atan2
     (* (* (sin theta) delta) (cos phi1))
     (+ 0.5 (* 0.5 (cos (+ phi1 phi1))))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double tmp;
	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || !(delta <= 5.8e-5)) {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta));
	} else {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), (0.5 + (0.5 * cos((phi1 + phi1)))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((delta <= (-9.5d-7)) .or. (.not. (delta <= 5.8d-5))) then
        tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta))
    else
        tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), (0.5d0 + (0.5d0 * cos((phi1 + phi1)))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double tmp;
	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || !(delta <= 5.8e-5)) {
		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), Math.cos(delta));
	} else {
		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * delta) * Math.cos(phi1)), (0.5 + (0.5 * Math.cos((phi1 + phi1)))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	tmp = 0
	if (delta <= -9.5e-7) or not (delta <= 5.8e-5):
		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), math.cos(delta))
	else:
		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * delta) * math.cos(phi1)), (0.5 + (0.5 * math.cos((phi1 + phi1)))))
	return tmp
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || !(delta <= 5.8e-5))
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), Float64(0.5 + Float64(0.5 * cos(Float64(phi1 + phi1))))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || ~((delta <= 5.8e-5)))
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta));
	else
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), (0.5 + (0.5 * cos((phi1 + phi1)))));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[Or[LessEqual[delta, -9.5e-7], N[Not[LessEqual[delta, 5.8e-5]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(0.5 + N[(0.5 * N[Cos[N[(phi1 + phi1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-7} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{-5}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if delta < -9.5000000000000001e-7 or 5.8e-5 < delta

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-cos.f6484.0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites84.0%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

    if -9.5000000000000001e-7 < delta < 5.8e-5

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-cos.f6491.1

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites91.1%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{1 - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1 - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
      2. 1-sub-sin-revN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1}} \]
      3. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      4. lower-pow.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      5. lower-cos.f6499.6

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
    8. Applied rewrites99.6%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(delta \cdot \sin theta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
      3. lower-sin.f6499.6

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
    11. Applied rewrites99.6%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites99.6%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{0.5 + \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)}} \]
    13. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    14. Final simplification92.3%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-7} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{-5}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
    15. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 10: 90.5% accurate, 3.1× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-7} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 0.00013\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
     :precision binary64
     (if (or (<= delta -9.5e-7) (not (<= delta 0.00013)))
       (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos delta)))
       (+
        lambda1
        (atan2
         (* (* (sin theta) delta) (cos phi1))
         (+ 0.5 (* 0.5 (cos (+ phi1 phi1))))))))
    double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
    	double tmp;
    	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || !(delta <= 0.00013)) {
    		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
    	} else {
    		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), (0.5 + (0.5 * cos((phi1 + phi1)))));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
        real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
        real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
        real(8), intent (in) :: delta
        real(8), intent (in) :: theta
        real(8) :: tmp
        if ((delta <= (-9.5d-7)) .or. (.not. (delta <= 0.00013d0))) then
            tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta))
        else
            tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), (0.5d0 + (0.5d0 * cos((phi1 + phi1)))))
        end if
        code = tmp
    end function
    
    public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
    	double tmp;
    	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || !(delta <= 0.00013)) {
    		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)), Math.cos(delta));
    	} else {
    		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * delta) * Math.cos(phi1)), (0.5 + (0.5 * Math.cos((phi1 + phi1)))));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
    	tmp = 0
    	if (delta <= -9.5e-7) or not (delta <= 0.00013):
    		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)), math.cos(delta))
    	else:
    		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * delta) * math.cos(phi1)), (0.5 + (0.5 * math.cos((phi1 + phi1)))))
    	return tmp
    
    function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || !(delta <= 0.00013))
    		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)));
    	else
    		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), Float64(0.5 + Float64(0.5 * cos(Float64(phi1 + phi1))))));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if ((delta <= -9.5e-7) || ~((delta <= 0.00013)))
    		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
    	else
    		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), (0.5 + (0.5 * cos((phi1 + phi1)))));
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[Or[LessEqual[delta, -9.5e-7], N[Not[LessEqual[delta, 0.00013]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(0.5 + N[(0.5 * N[Cos[N[(phi1 + phi1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-7} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 0.00013\right):\\
    \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)}\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if delta < -9.5000000000000001e-7 or 1.29999999999999989e-4 < delta

      1. Initial program 99.7%

        \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-cos.f6484.0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      5. Applied rewrites84.0%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        2. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        3. lower-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
        4. lower-sin.f6478.7

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      8. Applied rewrites78.7%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      if -9.5000000000000001e-7 < delta < 1.29999999999999989e-4

      1. Initial program 99.7%

        \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-cos.f6491.1

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      5. Applied rewrites91.1%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{1 - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1 - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
        2. 1-sub-sin-revN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1}} \]
        3. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
        4. lower-pow.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
        5. lower-cos.f6499.6

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
      8. Applied rewrites99.6%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(delta \cdot \sin theta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
      10. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
        2. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
        3. lower-sin.f6499.6

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
      11. Applied rewrites99.6%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
      12. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites99.6%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{0.5 + \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)}} \]
      13. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      14. Final simplification89.9%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-7} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 0.00013\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
      15. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 11: 86.9% accurate, 3.3× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
       :precision binary64
       (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos delta))))
      double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	return lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
      }
      
      real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
          real(8), intent (in) :: delta
          real(8), intent (in) :: theta
          code = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta))
      end function
      
      public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	return lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)), Math.cos(delta));
      }
      
      def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
      	return lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)), math.cos(delta))
      
      function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)))
      end
      
      function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
      end
      
      code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 99.7%

        \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-cos.f6487.8

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      5. Applied rewrites87.8%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        2. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        3. lower-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
        4. lower-sin.f6484.6

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      8. Applied rewrites84.6%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      9. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 12: 81.0% accurate, 4.1× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -54000 \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{-29}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
       :precision binary64
       (if (or (<= delta -54000.0) (not (<= delta 4.5e-29)))
         (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta)))
         (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) delta) (cos phi1)) 1.0))))
      double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	double tmp;
      	if ((delta <= -54000.0) || !(delta <= 4.5e-29)) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
      	} else {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), 1.0);
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
          real(8), intent (in) :: delta
          real(8), intent (in) :: theta
          real(8) :: tmp
          if ((delta <= (-54000.0d0)) .or. (.not. (delta <= 4.5d-29))) then
              tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta))
          else
              tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), 1.0d0)
          end if
          code = tmp
      end function
      
      public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	double tmp;
      	if ((delta <= -54000.0) || !(delta <= 4.5e-29)) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(delta) * theta), Math.cos(delta));
      	} else {
      		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * delta) * Math.cos(phi1)), 1.0);
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
      	tmp = 0
      	if (delta <= -54000.0) or not (delta <= 4.5e-29):
      		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(delta) * theta), math.cos(delta))
      	else:
      		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * delta) * math.cos(phi1)), 1.0)
      	return tmp
      
      function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if ((delta <= -54000.0) || !(delta <= 4.5e-29))
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)));
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), 1.0));
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	tmp = 0.0;
      	if ((delta <= -54000.0) || ~((delta <= 4.5e-29)))
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
      	else
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * delta) * cos(phi1)), 1.0);
      	end
      	tmp_2 = tmp;
      end
      
      code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[Or[LessEqual[delta, -54000.0], N[Not[LessEqual[delta, 4.5e-29]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 1.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -54000 \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{-29}\right):\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1}\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 2 regimes
      2. if delta < -54000 or 4.4999999999999998e-29 < delta

        1. Initial program 99.7%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f6484.5

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites84.5%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          3. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
          4. lower-sin.f6479.5

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        8. Applied rewrites79.5%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        10. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites69.2%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]

          if -54000 < delta < 4.4999999999999998e-29

          1. Initial program 99.7%

            \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-cos.f6490.8

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          5. Applied rewrites90.8%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{1 - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1 - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
            2. 1-sub-sin-revN/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1}} \]
            3. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
            4. lower-pow.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
            5. lower-cos.f6499.6

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
          8. Applied rewrites99.6%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
          9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(delta \cdot \sin theta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
          10. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
            3. lower-sin.f6499.6

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
          11. Applied rewrites99.6%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
          12. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1} \]
          13. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites90.8%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1} \]
          14. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
          15. Final simplification80.3%

            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -54000 \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{-29}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1}\\ \end{array} \]
          16. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 13: 80.7% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -1150000 \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 1.34 \cdot 10^{-30}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
           :precision binary64
           (if (or (<= delta -1150000.0) (not (<= delta 1.34e-30)))
             (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta)))
             (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin theta) delta) (cos delta)))))
          double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
          	double tmp;
          	if ((delta <= -1150000.0) || !(delta <= 1.34e-30)) {
          		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
          	} else {
          		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta));
          	}
          	return tmp;
          }
          
          real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
              real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
              real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
              real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
              real(8), intent (in) :: delta
              real(8), intent (in) :: theta
              real(8) :: tmp
              if ((delta <= (-1150000.0d0)) .or. (.not. (delta <= 1.34d-30))) then
                  tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta))
              else
                  tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta))
              end if
              code = tmp
          end function
          
          public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
          	double tmp;
          	if ((delta <= -1150000.0) || !(delta <= 1.34e-30)) {
          		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(delta) * theta), Math.cos(delta));
          	} else {
          		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(theta) * delta), Math.cos(delta));
          	}
          	return tmp;
          }
          
          def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
          	tmp = 0
          	if (delta <= -1150000.0) or not (delta <= 1.34e-30):
          		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(delta) * theta), math.cos(delta))
          	else:
          		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(theta) * delta), math.cos(delta))
          	return tmp
          
          function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          	tmp = 0.0
          	if ((delta <= -1150000.0) || !(delta <= 1.34e-30))
          		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)));
          	else
          		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta)));
          	end
          	return tmp
          end
          
          function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          	tmp = 0.0;
          	if ((delta <= -1150000.0) || ~((delta <= 1.34e-30)))
          		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
          	else
          		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta));
          	end
          	tmp_2 = tmp;
          end
          
          code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[Or[LessEqual[delta, -1150000.0], N[Not[LessEqual[delta, 1.34e-30]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \begin{array}{l}
          \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -1150000 \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 1.34 \cdot 10^{-30}\right):\\
          \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\
          
          \mathbf{else}:\\
          \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\
          
          
          \end{array}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Split input into 2 regimes
          2. if delta < -1.15e6 or 1.34000000000000001e-30 < delta

            1. Initial program 99.7%

              \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lower-cos.f6484.0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
            5. Applied rewrites84.0%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
            6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
            7. Step-by-step derivation
              1. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              2. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
              4. lower-sin.f6478.8

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            8. Applied rewrites78.8%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            10. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites68.7%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]

              if -1.15e6 < delta < 1.34000000000000001e-30

              1. Initial program 99.7%

                \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower-cos.f6491.4

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              5. Applied rewrites91.4%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
              7. Step-by-step derivation
                1. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                4. lower-sin.f6490.0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              8. Applied rewrites90.0%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
              10. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites90.0%

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              11. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
              12. Final simplification79.6%

                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -1150000 \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 1.34 \cdot 10^{-30}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \]
              13. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 14: 74.1% accurate, 4.3× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
               :precision binary64
               (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta))))
              double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
              	return lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
              }
              
              real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
                  real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
                  real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
                  real(8), intent (in) :: delta
                  real(8), intent (in) :: theta
                  code = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta))
              end function
              
              public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
              	return lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(delta) * theta), Math.cos(delta));
              }
              
              def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
              	return lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(delta) * theta), math.cos(delta))
              
              function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
              	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)))
              end
              
              function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
              	tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
              end
              
              code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Initial program 99.7%

                \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower-cos.f6487.8

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              5. Applied rewrites87.8%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
              7. Step-by-step derivation
                1. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                4. lower-sin.f6484.6

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              8. Applied rewrites84.6%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              10. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites73.0%

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing

                Reproduce

                ?
                herbie shell --seed 2024332 
                (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
                  :name "Destination given bearing on a great circle"
                  :precision binary64
                  (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1)) (- (cos delta) (* (sin phi1) (sin (asin (+ (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)) (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))