
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(3.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(3.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 7 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(3.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(3.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}
\end{array}
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (* (pow (+ (sqrt (fma (* -3.0 c) a (* b b))) b) -1.0) (/ (fma (* -3.0 c) a 0.0) a)) 3.0))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (pow((sqrt(fma((-3.0 * c), a, (b * b))) + b), -1.0) * (fma((-3.0 * c), a, 0.0) / a)) / 3.0;
}
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64((Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(-3.0 * c), a, Float64(b * b))) + b) ^ -1.0) * Float64(fma(Float64(-3.0 * c), a, 0.0) / a)) / 3.0) end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(N[Power[N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(-3.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] * a + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + b), $MachinePrecision], -1.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(-3.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] * a + 0.0), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} + b\right)}^{-1} \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, 0\right)}{a}}{3}
\end{array}
Initial program 34.2%
lift-/.f64N/A
lift-*.f64N/A
associate-/l/N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
Applied rewrites34.2%
lift--.f64N/A
flip--N/A
clear-numN/A
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-+.f64N/A
lift-sqrt.f64N/A
lift-sqrt.f64N/A
rem-square-sqrtN/A
lift-*.f64N/A
lower--.f6435.3
Applied rewrites35.3%
lift-/.f64N/A
lift-/.f64N/A
lift-/.f64N/A
associate-/r/N/A
associate-/l*N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
inv-powN/A
lower-pow.f64N/A
lower-/.f6435.3
Applied rewrites99.1%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (/ (pow (/ (+ (sqrt (fma (* -3.0 c) a (* b b))) b) (* -3.0 (* a c))) -1.0) a) 3.0))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (pow(((sqrt(fma((-3.0 * c), a, (b * b))) + b) / (-3.0 * (a * c))), -1.0) / a) / 3.0;
}
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64((Float64(Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(-3.0 * c), a, Float64(b * b))) + b) / Float64(-3.0 * Float64(a * c))) ^ -1.0) / a) / 3.0) end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(N[Power[N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(-3.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] * a + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(-3.0 * N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0], $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{{\left(\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} + b}{-3 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right)}^{-1}}{a}}{3}
\end{array}
Initial program 34.2%
lift-/.f64N/A
lift-*.f64N/A
associate-/l/N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
Applied rewrites34.2%
lift--.f64N/A
flip--N/A
clear-numN/A
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-+.f64N/A
lift-sqrt.f64N/A
lift-sqrt.f64N/A
rem-square-sqrtN/A
lift-*.f64N/A
lower--.f6435.3
Applied rewrites35.3%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-*.f6499.1
Applied rewrites99.1%
Final simplification99.1%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (/ (/ (fma (* -3.0 c) a 0.0) (+ (sqrt (fma (* -3.0 c) a (* b b))) b)) a) 3.0))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return ((fma((-3.0 * c), a, 0.0) / (sqrt(fma((-3.0 * c), a, (b * b))) + b)) / a) / 3.0;
}
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(fma(Float64(-3.0 * c), a, 0.0) / Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(-3.0 * c), a, Float64(b * b))) + b)) / a) / 3.0) end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(-3.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] * a + 0.0), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(-3.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] * a + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, 0\right)}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} + b}}{a}}{3}
\end{array}
Initial program 34.2%
lift-/.f64N/A
lift-*.f64N/A
associate-/l/N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
Applied rewrites34.2%
lift--.f64N/A
flip--N/A
clear-numN/A
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-+.f64N/A
lift-sqrt.f64N/A
lift-sqrt.f64N/A
rem-square-sqrtN/A
lift-*.f64N/A
lower--.f6435.3
Applied rewrites35.3%
lift-/.f64N/A
lift-/.f64N/A
clear-numN/A
lower-/.f6435.3
lift--.f64N/A
lift-fma.f64N/A
associate--l+N/A
+-inversesN/A
lower-fma.f6499.1
Applied rewrites99.1%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (fma (* -0.375 a) (/ (/ (* c c) (* b b)) b) (* -0.5 (/ c b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return fma((-0.375 * a), (((c * c) / (b * b)) / b), (-0.5 * (c / b)));
}
function code(a, b, c) return fma(Float64(-0.375 * a), Float64(Float64(Float64(c * c) / Float64(b * b)) / b), Float64(-0.5 * Float64(c / b))) end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(-0.375 * a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(c * c), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-0.5 * N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375 \cdot a, \frac{\frac{c \cdot c}{b \cdot b}}{b}, -0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 34.2%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
+-commutativeN/A
associate-/l*N/A
associate-*r*N/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
associate-/l*N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-pow.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-/.f6489.0
Applied rewrites89.0%
Applied rewrites89.0%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (fma (/ (* -0.375 a) b) (/ (* c c) b) (* -0.5 c)) b))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return fma(((-0.375 * a) / b), ((c * c) / b), (-0.5 * c)) / b;
}
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(fma(Float64(Float64(-0.375 * a) / b), Float64(Float64(c * c) / b), Float64(-0.5 * c)) / b) end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(-0.375 * a), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(c * c), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-0.5 * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-0.375 \cdot a}{b}, \frac{c \cdot c}{b}, -0.5 \cdot c\right)}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 34.2%
Taylor expanded in b around inf
lower-/.f64N/A
+-commutativeN/A
associate-*r/N/A
associate-*r*N/A
unpow2N/A
times-fracN/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-/.f64N/A
unpow2N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-*.f6489.0
Applied rewrites89.0%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (* (fma (* -0.375 a) (/ c (* b b)) -0.5) c) b))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (fma((-0.375 * a), (c / (b * b)), -0.5) * c) / b;
}
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(fma(Float64(-0.375 * a), Float64(c / Float64(b * b)), -0.5) * c) / b) end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(-0.375 * a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(c / N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + -0.5), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.375 \cdot a, \frac{c}{b \cdot b}, -0.5\right) \cdot c}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 34.2%
Taylor expanded in b around inf
lower-/.f64N/A
Applied rewrites92.5%
Taylor expanded in c around 0
Applied rewrites88.9%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* -0.5 (/ c b)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return -0.5 * (c / b);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-0.5d0) * (c / b)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return -0.5 * (c / b);
}
def code(a, b, c): return -0.5 * (c / b)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(-0.5 * Float64(c / b)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = -0.5 * (c / b); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(-0.5 * N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 34.2%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-/.f6479.1
Applied rewrites79.1%
herbie shell --seed 2024327
(FPCore (a b c)
:name "Cubic critical, medium range"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (and (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 a) (< a 9007199254740992.0)) (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 b) (< b 9007199254740992.0))) (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 c) (< c 9007199254740992.0)))
(/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))