Beckmann Distribution sample, tan2theta, alphax != alphay, u1 <= 0.5

Percentage Accurate: 60.3% → 97.8%
Time: 9.7s
Alternatives: 13
Speedup: 3.5×

Specification

?
\[\left(\left(\left(\left(0.0001 \leq alphax \land alphax \leq 1\right) \land \left(0.0001 \leq alphay \land alphay \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq u0 \land u0 \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(0 \leq cos2phi \land cos2phi \leq 1\right)\right) \land 0 \leq sin2phi\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (- (log (- 1.0 u0)))
  (+ (/ cos2phi (* alphax alphax)) (/ sin2phi (* alphay alphay)))))
float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
	return -logf((1.0f - u0)) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)));
}
real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
    real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
    code = -log((1.0e0 - u0)) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)))
end function
function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	return Float32(Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0))) / Float32(Float32(cos2phi / Float32(alphax * alphax)) + Float32(sin2phi / Float32(alphay * alphay))))
end
function tmp = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	tmp = -log((single(1.0) - u0)) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 13 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 60.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (- (log (- 1.0 u0)))
  (+ (/ cos2phi (* alphax alphax)) (/ sin2phi (* alphay alphay)))))
float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
	return -logf((1.0f - u0)) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)));
}
real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
    real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
    code = -log((1.0e0 - u0)) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)))
end function
function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	return Float32(Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0))) / Float32(Float32(cos2phi / Float32(alphax * alphax)) + Float32(sin2phi / Float32(alphay * alphay))))
end
function tmp = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	tmp = -log((single(1.0) - u0)) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 97.8% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}\\ \mathbf{if}\;1 - u0 \leq 0.9599999785423279:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{t\_0 + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{t\_0 + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (/ cos2phi (* alphax alphax))))
   (if (<= (- 1.0 u0) 0.9599999785423279)
     (/ (- (log (- 1.0 u0))) (+ t_0 (/ (/ sin2phi alphay) alphay)))
     (/
      (-
       (*
        (- (* (- (* (- (* -0.25 u0) 0.3333333333333333) u0) 0.5) u0) 1.0)
        u0))
      (+ t_0 (/ sin2phi (* alphay alphay)))))))
float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
	float t_0 = cos2phi / (alphax * alphax);
	float tmp;
	if ((1.0f - u0) <= 0.9599999785423279f) {
		tmp = -logf((1.0f - u0)) / (t_0 + ((sin2phi / alphay) / alphay));
	} else {
		tmp = -(((((((-0.25f * u0) - 0.3333333333333333f) * u0) - 0.5f) * u0) - 1.0f) * u0) / (t_0 + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
    real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
    real(4) :: t_0
    real(4) :: tmp
    t_0 = cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)
    if ((1.0e0 - u0) <= 0.9599999785423279e0) then
        tmp = -log((1.0e0 - u0)) / (t_0 + ((sin2phi / alphay) / alphay))
    else
        tmp = -((((((((-0.25e0) * u0) - 0.3333333333333333e0) * u0) - 0.5e0) * u0) - 1.0e0) * u0) / (t_0 + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	t_0 = Float32(cos2phi / Float32(alphax * alphax))
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0) <= Float32(0.9599999785423279))
		tmp = Float32(Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0))) / Float32(t_0 + Float32(Float32(sin2phi / alphay) / alphay)));
	else
		tmp = Float32(Float32(-Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.25) * u0) - Float32(0.3333333333333333)) * u0) - Float32(0.5)) * u0) - Float32(1.0)) * u0)) / Float32(t_0 + Float32(sin2phi / Float32(alphay * alphay))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	t_0 = cos2phi / (alphax * alphax);
	tmp = single(0.0);
	if ((single(1.0) - u0) <= single(0.9599999785423279))
		tmp = -log((single(1.0) - u0)) / (t_0 + ((sin2phi / alphay) / alphay));
	else
		tmp = -(((((((single(-0.25) * u0) - single(0.3333333333333333)) * u0) - single(0.5)) * u0) - single(1.0)) * u0) / (t_0 + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}\\
\mathbf{if}\;1 - u0 \leq 0.9599999785423279:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{t\_0 + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{t\_0 + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (-.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) u0) < 0.959999979

    1. Initial program 94.3%

      \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}}} \]
      2. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}}} \]
      3. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}}} \]
      4. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}}} \]
      5. lower-/.f3294.6

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}}{alphay}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites94.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}}} \]

    if 0.959999979 < (-.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) u0)

    1. Initial program 55.0%

      \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      2. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      3. lower--.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)} \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      5. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      6. lower--.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      8. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      9. lower--.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      10. lower-*.f3298.1

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot u0} - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites98.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 97.8% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}\\ \mathbf{if}\;1 - u0 \leq 0.9599999785423279:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{t\_0}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{t\_0}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (+ (/ cos2phi (* alphax alphax)) (/ sin2phi (* alphay alphay)))))
   (if (<= (- 1.0 u0) 0.9599999785423279)
     (/ (- (log (- 1.0 u0))) t_0)
     (/
      (-
       (*
        (- (* (- (* (- (* -0.25 u0) 0.3333333333333333) u0) 0.5) u0) 1.0)
        u0))
      t_0))))
float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
	float t_0 = (cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay));
	float tmp;
	if ((1.0f - u0) <= 0.9599999785423279f) {
		tmp = -logf((1.0f - u0)) / t_0;
	} else {
		tmp = -(((((((-0.25f * u0) - 0.3333333333333333f) * u0) - 0.5f) * u0) - 1.0f) * u0) / t_0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
    real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
    real(4) :: t_0
    real(4) :: tmp
    t_0 = (cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay))
    if ((1.0e0 - u0) <= 0.9599999785423279e0) then
        tmp = -log((1.0e0 - u0)) / t_0
    else
        tmp = -((((((((-0.25e0) * u0) - 0.3333333333333333e0) * u0) - 0.5e0) * u0) - 1.0e0) * u0) / t_0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(cos2phi / Float32(alphax * alphax)) + Float32(sin2phi / Float32(alphay * alphay)))
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0) <= Float32(0.9599999785423279))
		tmp = Float32(Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u0))) / t_0);
	else
		tmp = Float32(Float32(-Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.25) * u0) - Float32(0.3333333333333333)) * u0) - Float32(0.5)) * u0) - Float32(1.0)) * u0)) / t_0);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	t_0 = (cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay));
	tmp = single(0.0);
	if ((single(1.0) - u0) <= single(0.9599999785423279))
		tmp = -log((single(1.0) - u0)) / t_0;
	else
		tmp = -(((((((single(-0.25) * u0) - single(0.3333333333333333)) * u0) - single(0.5)) * u0) - single(1.0)) * u0) / t_0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}\\
\mathbf{if}\;1 - u0 \leq 0.9599999785423279:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{t\_0}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{t\_0}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (-.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) u0) < 0.959999979

    1. Initial program 94.3%

      \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing

    if 0.959999979 < (-.f32 #s(literal 1 binary32) u0)

    1. Initial program 55.0%

      \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      2. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      3. lower--.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)} \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      5. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      6. lower--.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      8. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      9. lower--.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      10. lower-*.f3298.1

        \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot u0} - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites98.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 93.0% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (- (* (- (* (- (* (- (* -0.25 u0) 0.3333333333333333) u0) 0.5) u0) 1.0) u0))
  (+ (/ cos2phi (* alphax alphax)) (/ sin2phi (* alphay alphay)))))
float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
	return -(((((((-0.25f * u0) - 0.3333333333333333f) * u0) - 0.5f) * u0) - 1.0f) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)));
}
real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
    real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
    code = -((((((((-0.25e0) * u0) - 0.3333333333333333e0) * u0) - 0.5e0) * u0) - 1.0e0) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)))
end function
function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	return Float32(Float32(-Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.25) * u0) - Float32(0.3333333333333333)) * u0) - Float32(0.5)) * u0) - Float32(1.0)) * u0)) / Float32(Float32(cos2phi / Float32(alphax * alphax)) + Float32(sin2phi / Float32(alphay * alphay))))
end
function tmp = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	tmp = -(((((((single(-0.25) * u0) - single(0.3333333333333333)) * u0) - single(0.5)) * u0) - single(1.0)) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 59.9%

    \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    2. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    3. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)} \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    5. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    6. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    8. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    9. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    10. lower-*.f3293.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot u0} - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  5. Applied rewrites93.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 91.2% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-\left(\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (- (* (- (* (- (* -0.3333333333333333 u0) 0.5) u0) 1.0) u0))
  (+ (/ cos2phi (* alphax alphax)) (/ (/ sin2phi alphay) alphay))))
float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
	return -(((((-0.3333333333333333f * u0) - 0.5f) * u0) - 1.0f) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + ((sin2phi / alphay) / alphay));
}
real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
    real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
    code = -((((((-0.3333333333333333e0) * u0) - 0.5e0) * u0) - 1.0e0) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + ((sin2phi / alphay) / alphay))
end function
function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	return Float32(Float32(-Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * u0) - Float32(0.5)) * u0) - Float32(1.0)) * u0)) / Float32(Float32(cos2phi / Float32(alphax * alphax)) + Float32(Float32(sin2phi / alphay) / alphay)))
end
function tmp = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	tmp = -(((((single(-0.3333333333333333) * u0) - single(0.5)) * u0) - single(1.0)) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + ((sin2phi / alphay) / alphay));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-\left(\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 59.9%

    \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    2. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    3. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)} \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    5. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    6. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    8. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    9. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    10. lower-*.f3293.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot u0} - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  5. Applied rewrites93.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}}} \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}}} \]
    3. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}}} \]
    4. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}}} \]
    5. lower-/.f3293.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}}{alphay}} \]
  7. Applied rewrites93.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
    2. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
    3. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)} \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
    5. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
    6. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
    7. lower-*.f3291.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot u0} - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
  10. Applied rewrites91.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 91.2% accurate, 2.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-\left(\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (- (* (- (* (- (* -0.3333333333333333 u0) 0.5) u0) 1.0) u0))
  (+ (/ cos2phi (* alphax alphax)) (/ sin2phi (* alphay alphay)))))
float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
	return -(((((-0.3333333333333333f * u0) - 0.5f) * u0) - 1.0f) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)));
}
real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
    real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
    code = -((((((-0.3333333333333333e0) * u0) - 0.5e0) * u0) - 1.0e0) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)))
end function
function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	return Float32(Float32(-Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * u0) - Float32(0.5)) * u0) - Float32(1.0)) * u0)) / Float32(Float32(cos2phi / Float32(alphax * alphax)) + Float32(sin2phi / Float32(alphay * alphay))))
end
function tmp = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	tmp = -(((((single(-0.3333333333333333) * u0) - single(0.5)) * u0) - single(1.0)) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-\left(\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 59.9%

    \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    2. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    3. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)} \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    5. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    6. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    7. lower-*.f3291.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot u0} - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  5. Applied rewrites91.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 87.4% accurate, 2.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-\left(-0.5 \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (- (* (- (* -0.5 u0) 1.0) u0))
  (+ (/ cos2phi (* alphax alphax)) (/ (/ sin2phi alphay) alphay))))
float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
	return -(((-0.5f * u0) - 1.0f) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + ((sin2phi / alphay) / alphay));
}
real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
    real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
    code = -((((-0.5e0) * u0) - 1.0e0) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + ((sin2phi / alphay) / alphay))
end function
function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	return Float32(Float32(-Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.5) * u0) - Float32(1.0)) * u0)) / Float32(Float32(cos2phi / Float32(alphax * alphax)) + Float32(Float32(sin2phi / alphay) / alphay)))
end
function tmp = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	tmp = -(((single(-0.5) * u0) - single(1.0)) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + ((sin2phi / alphay) / alphay));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-\left(-0.5 \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 59.9%

    \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    2. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    3. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) - 1\right)} \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    5. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    6. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{\left(u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) - \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    8. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    9. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right)} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    10. lower-*.f3293.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot u0} - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  5. Applied rewrites93.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}}} \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}}} \]
    3. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}}} \]
    4. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(\frac{-1}{4} \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{3}\right) \cdot u0 - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}}} \]
    5. lower-/.f3293.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}}{alphay}} \]
  7. Applied rewrites93.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\left(\left(-0.25 \cdot u0 - 0.3333333333333333\right) \cdot u0 - 0.5\right) \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot u0 - 1\right)}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
    2. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
    3. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot u0 - 1\right)} \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
    4. lower-*.f3288.2

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
  10. Applied rewrites88.2%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay}}{alphay}} \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 87.4% accurate, 2.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-\left(-0.5 \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (- (* (- (* -0.5 u0) 1.0) u0))
  (+ (/ cos2phi (* alphax alphax)) (/ sin2phi (* alphay alphay)))))
float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
	return -(((-0.5f * u0) - 1.0f) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)));
}
real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
    real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
    code = -((((-0.5e0) * u0) - 1.0e0) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)))
end function
function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	return Float32(Float32(-Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.5) * u0) - Float32(1.0)) * u0)) / Float32(Float32(cos2phi / Float32(alphax * alphax)) + Float32(sin2phi / Float32(alphay * alphay))))
end
function tmp = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	tmp = -(((single(-0.5) * u0) - single(1.0)) * u0) / ((cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)) + (sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-\left(-0.5 \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 59.9%

    \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{u0 \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot u0 - 1\right)}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    2. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    3. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot u0 - 1\right)} \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    4. lower-*.f3288.2

      \[\leadsto \frac{-\left(\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot u0} - 1\right) \cdot u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  5. Applied rewrites88.2%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot u0 - 1\right) \cdot u0}}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 66.9% accurate, 3.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} \leq 3.0000001167615996 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(alphay \cdot alphay\right) \cdot u0}{sin2phi}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= (/ sin2phi (* alphay alphay)) 3.0000001167615996e-17)
   (/ u0 (/ cos2phi (* alphax alphax)))
   (/ (* (* alphay alphay) u0) sin2phi)))
float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
	float tmp;
	if ((sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)) <= 3.0000001167615996e-17f) {
		tmp = u0 / (cos2phi / (alphax * alphax));
	} else {
		tmp = ((alphay * alphay) * u0) / sin2phi;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
    real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
    real(4), intent (in) :: u0
    real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
    real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
    real(4) :: tmp
    if ((sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)) <= 3.0000001167615996e-17) then
        tmp = u0 / (cos2phi / (alphax * alphax))
    else
        tmp = ((alphay * alphay) * u0) / sin2phi
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (Float32(sin2phi / Float32(alphay * alphay)) <= Float32(3.0000001167615996e-17))
		tmp = Float32(u0 / Float32(cos2phi / Float32(alphax * alphax)));
	else
		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(alphay * alphay) * u0) / sin2phi);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
	tmp = single(0.0);
	if ((sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)) <= single(3.0000001167615996e-17))
		tmp = u0 / (cos2phi / (alphax * alphax));
	else
		tmp = ((alphay * alphay) * u0) / sin2phi;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} \leq 3.0000001167615996 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(alphay \cdot alphay\right) \cdot u0}{sin2phi}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f32 sin2phi (*.f32 alphay alphay)) < 3.0000001e-17

    1. Initial program 53.1%

      \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
      2. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
      3. lower-+.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
      4. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
      5. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
      6. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
      7. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \color{blue}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
      8. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
      9. lower-*.f3277.4

        \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites77.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in alphax around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites59.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]

      if 3.0000001e-17 < (/.f32 sin2phi (*.f32 alphay alphay))

      1. Initial program 62.3%

        \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
        2. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
        3. lower-+.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
        4. lower-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
        5. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
        6. lower-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
        7. lower-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \color{blue}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
        8. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
        9. lower-*.f3276.5

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
      5. Applied rewrites76.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in alphax around inf

        \[\leadsto \frac{{alphay}^{2} \cdot u0}{\color{blue}{sin2phi}} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites72.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(alphay \cdot alphay\right) \cdot u0}{\color{blue}{sin2phi}} \]
      8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      9. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 9: 75.8% accurate, 3.2× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
       :precision binary32
       (/ u0 (+ (/ sin2phi (* alphay alphay)) (/ cos2phi (* alphax alphax)))))
      float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
      	return u0 / ((sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)) + (cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)));
      }
      
      real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
          real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
          real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
          real(4), intent (in) :: u0
          real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
          real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
          code = u0 / ((sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)) + (cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)))
      end function
      
      function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
      	return Float32(u0 / Float32(Float32(sin2phi / Float32(alphay * alphay)) + Float32(cos2phi / Float32(alphax * alphax))))
      end
      
      function tmp = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
      	tmp = u0 / ((sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)) + (cos2phi / (alphax * alphax)));
      end
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 59.9%

        \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
        2. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
        3. lower-+.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
        4. lower-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
        5. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
        6. lower-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
        7. lower-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \color{blue}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
        8. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
        9. lower-*.f3276.7

          \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
      5. Applied rewrites76.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
      6. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 10: 66.9% accurate, 3.5× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} \leq 3.0000001167615996 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(alphax \cdot alphax\right) \cdot u0}{cos2phi}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(alphay \cdot alphay\right) \cdot u0}{sin2phi}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
       :precision binary32
       (if (<= (/ sin2phi (* alphay alphay)) 3.0000001167615996e-17)
         (/ (* (* alphax alphax) u0) cos2phi)
         (/ (* (* alphay alphay) u0) sin2phi)))
      float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
      	float tmp;
      	if ((sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)) <= 3.0000001167615996e-17f) {
      		tmp = ((alphax * alphax) * u0) / cos2phi;
      	} else {
      		tmp = ((alphay * alphay) * u0) / sin2phi;
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
          real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
          real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
          real(4), intent (in) :: u0
          real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
          real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
          real(4) :: tmp
          if ((sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)) <= 3.0000001167615996e-17) then
              tmp = ((alphax * alphax) * u0) / cos2phi
          else
              tmp = ((alphay * alphay) * u0) / sin2phi
          end if
          code = tmp
      end function
      
      function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
      	tmp = Float32(0.0)
      	if (Float32(sin2phi / Float32(alphay * alphay)) <= Float32(3.0000001167615996e-17))
      		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(alphax * alphax) * u0) / cos2phi);
      	else
      		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(alphay * alphay) * u0) / sin2phi);
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      function tmp_2 = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
      	tmp = single(0.0);
      	if ((sin2phi / (alphay * alphay)) <= single(3.0000001167615996e-17))
      		tmp = ((alphax * alphax) * u0) / cos2phi;
      	else
      		tmp = ((alphay * alphay) * u0) / sin2phi;
      	end
      	tmp_2 = tmp;
      end
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      \mathbf{if}\;\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} \leq 3.0000001167615996 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(alphax \cdot alphax\right) \cdot u0}{cos2phi}\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(alphay \cdot alphay\right) \cdot u0}{sin2phi}\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 2 regimes
      2. if (/.f32 sin2phi (*.f32 alphay alphay)) < 3.0000001e-17

        1. Initial program 53.1%

          \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
          2. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
          3. lower-+.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
          4. lower-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
          5. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
          6. lower-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
          7. lower-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \color{blue}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
          8. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
          9. lower-*.f3277.4

            \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites77.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in alphax around 0

          \[\leadsto \frac{{alphax}^{2} \cdot u0}{\color{blue}{cos2phi}} \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites59.1%

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(alphax \cdot alphax\right) \cdot u0}{\color{blue}{cos2phi}} \]

          if 3.0000001e-17 < (/.f32 sin2phi (*.f32 alphay alphay))

          1. Initial program 62.3%

            \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-/.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
            2. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
            3. lower-+.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
            4. lower-/.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
            5. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
            6. lower-*.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
            7. lower-/.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \color{blue}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
            8. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
            9. lower-*.f3276.5

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
          5. Applied rewrites76.5%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in alphax around inf

            \[\leadsto \frac{{alphay}^{2} \cdot u0}{\color{blue}{sin2phi}} \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites72.3%

              \[\leadsto \frac{\left(alphay \cdot alphay\right) \cdot u0}{\color{blue}{sin2phi}} \]
          8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
          9. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 11: 24.3% accurate, 6.9× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ u0 \cdot \frac{alphax \cdot alphax}{cos2phi} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
           :precision binary32
           (* u0 (/ (* alphax alphax) cos2phi)))
          float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
          	return u0 * ((alphax * alphax) / cos2phi);
          }
          
          real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
              real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
              real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
              real(4), intent (in) :: u0
              real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
              real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
              code = u0 * ((alphax * alphax) / cos2phi)
          end function
          
          function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
          	return Float32(u0 * Float32(Float32(alphax * alphax) / cos2phi))
          end
          
          function tmp = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
          	tmp = u0 * ((alphax * alphax) / cos2phi);
          end
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          u0 \cdot \frac{alphax \cdot alphax}{cos2phi}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Initial program 59.9%

            \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-/.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
            2. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
            3. lower-+.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
            4. lower-/.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
            5. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
            6. lower-*.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
            7. lower-/.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \color{blue}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
            8. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
            9. lower-*.f3276.7

              \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
          5. Applied rewrites76.7%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in alphax around 0

            \[\leadsto \frac{{alphax}^{2} \cdot u0}{\color{blue}{cos2phi}} \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites24.1%

              \[\leadsto \frac{\left(alphax \cdot alphax\right) \cdot u0}{\color{blue}{cos2phi}} \]
            2. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites24.1%

                \[\leadsto u0 \cdot \frac{alphax \cdot alphax}{\color{blue}{cos2phi}} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 12: 24.3% accurate, 6.9× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ alphax \cdot \frac{alphax \cdot u0}{cos2phi} \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
               :precision binary32
               (* alphax (/ (* alphax u0) cos2phi)))
              float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
              	return alphax * ((alphax * u0) / cos2phi);
              }
              
              real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
                  real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
                  real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
                  real(4), intent (in) :: u0
                  real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
                  real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
                  code = alphax * ((alphax * u0) / cos2phi)
              end function
              
              function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
              	return Float32(alphax * Float32(Float32(alphax * u0) / cos2phi))
              end
              
              function tmp = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
              	tmp = alphax * ((alphax * u0) / cos2phi);
              end
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              alphax \cdot \frac{alphax \cdot u0}{cos2phi}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Initial program 59.9%

                \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower-/.f32N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
                2. +-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
                3. lower-+.f32N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
                4. lower-/.f32N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
                5. unpow2N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
                6. lower-*.f32N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
                7. lower-/.f32N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \color{blue}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
                8. unpow2N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
                9. lower-*.f3276.7

                  \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
              5. Applied rewrites76.7%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
              6. Taylor expanded in alphax around 0

                \[\leadsto \frac{{alphax}^{2} \cdot u0}{\color{blue}{cos2phi}} \]
              7. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites24.1%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{\left(alphax \cdot alphax\right) \cdot u0}{\color{blue}{cos2phi}} \]
                2. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites24.1%

                    \[\leadsto alphax \cdot \frac{alphax \cdot u0}{\color{blue}{cos2phi}} \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing

                  Alternative 13: 24.3% accurate, 6.9× speedup?

                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ alphax \cdot \left(alphax \cdot \frac{u0}{cos2phi}\right) \end{array} \]
                  (FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
                   :precision binary32
                   (* alphax (* alphax (/ u0 cos2phi))))
                  float code(float alphax, float alphay, float u0, float cos2phi, float sin2phi) {
                  	return alphax * (alphax * (u0 / cos2phi));
                  }
                  
                  real(4) function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
                      real(4), intent (in) :: alphax
                      real(4), intent (in) :: alphay
                      real(4), intent (in) :: u0
                      real(4), intent (in) :: cos2phi
                      real(4), intent (in) :: sin2phi
                      code = alphax * (alphax * (u0 / cos2phi))
                  end function
                  
                  function code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
                  	return Float32(alphax * Float32(alphax * Float32(u0 / cos2phi)))
                  end
                  
                  function tmp = code(alphax, alphay, u0, cos2phi, sin2phi)
                  	tmp = alphax * (alphax * (u0 / cos2phi));
                  end
                  
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  
                  \\
                  alphax \cdot \left(alphax \cdot \frac{u0}{cos2phi}\right)
                  \end{array}
                  
                  Derivation
                  1. Initial program 59.9%

                    \[\frac{-\log \left(1 - u0\right)}{\frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax} + \frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay}} \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in u0 around 0

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. lower-/.f32N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}} + \frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}}} \]
                    2. +-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
                    3. lower-+.f32N/A

                      \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
                    4. lower-/.f32N/A

                      \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\color{blue}{\frac{sin2phi}{{alphay}^{2}}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
                    5. unpow2N/A

                      \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
                    6. lower-*.f32N/A

                      \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{\color{blue}{alphay \cdot alphay}} + \frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}} \]
                    7. lower-/.f32N/A

                      \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \color{blue}{\frac{cos2phi}{{alphax}^{2}}}} \]
                    8. unpow2N/A

                      \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
                    9. lower-*.f3276.7

                      \[\leadsto \frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{\color{blue}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
                  5. Applied rewrites76.7%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{\frac{sin2phi}{alphay \cdot alphay} + \frac{cos2phi}{alphax \cdot alphax}}} \]
                  6. Taylor expanded in alphax around 0

                    \[\leadsto \frac{{alphax}^{2} \cdot u0}{\color{blue}{cos2phi}} \]
                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites24.1%

                      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(alphax \cdot alphax\right) \cdot u0}{\color{blue}{cos2phi}} \]
                    2. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites24.1%

                        \[\leadsto alphax \cdot \left(alphax \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{u0}{cos2phi}}\right) \]
                      2. Add Preprocessing

                      Reproduce

                      ?
                      herbie shell --seed 2024326 
                      (FPCore (alphax alphay u0 cos2phi sin2phi)
                        :name "Beckmann Distribution sample, tan2theta, alphax != alphay, u1 <= 0.5"
                        :precision binary32
                        :pre (and (and (and (and (and (<= 0.0001 alphax) (<= alphax 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0001 alphay) (<= alphay 1.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u0) (<= u0 1.0))) (and (<= 0.0 cos2phi) (<= cos2phi 1.0))) (<= 0.0 sin2phi))
                        (/ (- (log (- 1.0 u0))) (+ (/ cos2phi (* alphax alphax)) (/ sin2phi (* alphay alphay)))))