Diagrams.Solve.Polynomial:cubForm from diagrams-solve-0.1, D

Percentage Accurate: 98.0% → 99.4%
Time: 18.6s
Alternatives: 2
Speedup: 0.7×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{3 \cdot \frac{x}{y \cdot 27}}{z \cdot 2} \cdot \sqrt{t}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t)
 :precision binary64
 (* (/ 1.0 3.0) (acos (* (/ (* 3.0 (/ x (* y 27.0))) (* z 2.0)) (sqrt t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t) {
	return (1.0 / 3.0) * acos((((3.0 * (x / (y * 27.0))) / (z * 2.0)) * sqrt(t)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    code = (1.0d0 / 3.0d0) * acos((((3.0d0 * (x / (y * 27.0d0))) / (z * 2.0d0)) * sqrt(t)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t) {
	return (1.0 / 3.0) * Math.acos((((3.0 * (x / (y * 27.0))) / (z * 2.0)) * Math.sqrt(t)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t):
	return (1.0 / 3.0) * math.acos((((3.0 * (x / (y * 27.0))) / (z * 2.0)) * math.sqrt(t)))
function code(x, y, z, t)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / 3.0) * acos(Float64(Float64(Float64(3.0 * Float64(x / Float64(y * 27.0))) / Float64(z * 2.0)) * sqrt(t))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t)
	tmp = (1.0 / 3.0) * acos((((3.0 * (x / (y * 27.0))) / (z * 2.0)) * sqrt(t)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_] := N[(N[(1.0 / 3.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[ArcCos[N[(N[(N[(3.0 * N[(x / N[(y * 27.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(z * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{3 \cdot \frac{x}{y \cdot 27}}{z \cdot 2} \cdot \sqrt{t}\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 2 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 98.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{3 \cdot \frac{x}{y \cdot 27}}{z \cdot 2} \cdot \sqrt{t}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t)
 :precision binary64
 (* (/ 1.0 3.0) (acos (* (/ (* 3.0 (/ x (* y 27.0))) (* z 2.0)) (sqrt t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t) {
	return (1.0 / 3.0) * acos((((3.0 * (x / (y * 27.0))) / (z * 2.0)) * sqrt(t)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    code = (1.0d0 / 3.0d0) * acos((((3.0d0 * (x / (y * 27.0d0))) / (z * 2.0d0)) * sqrt(t)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t) {
	return (1.0 / 3.0) * Math.acos((((3.0 * (x / (y * 27.0))) / (z * 2.0)) * Math.sqrt(t)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t):
	return (1.0 / 3.0) * math.acos((((3.0 * (x / (y * 27.0))) / (z * 2.0)) * math.sqrt(t)))
function code(x, y, z, t)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / 3.0) * acos(Float64(Float64(Float64(3.0 * Float64(x / Float64(y * 27.0))) / Float64(z * 2.0)) * sqrt(t))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t)
	tmp = (1.0 / 3.0) * acos((((3.0 * (x / (y * 27.0))) / (z * 2.0)) * sqrt(t)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_] := N[(N[(1.0 / 3.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[ArcCos[N[(N[(N[(3.0 * N[(x / N[(y * 27.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(z * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{3 \cdot \frac{x}{y \cdot 27}}{z \cdot 2} \cdot \sqrt{t}\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.4% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ {\left(\frac{3}{\cos^{-1} \left(\left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \frac{x}{z \cdot y}\right) \cdot 0.05555555555555555\right)}\right)}^{-1} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t)
 :precision binary64
 (pow (/ 3.0 (acos (* (* (sqrt t) (/ x (* z y))) 0.05555555555555555))) -1.0))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t) {
	return pow((3.0 / acos(((sqrt(t) * (x / (z * y))) * 0.05555555555555555))), -1.0);
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    code = (3.0d0 / acos(((sqrt(t) * (x / (z * y))) * 0.05555555555555555d0))) ** (-1.0d0)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t) {
	return Math.pow((3.0 / Math.acos(((Math.sqrt(t) * (x / (z * y))) * 0.05555555555555555))), -1.0);
}
def code(x, y, z, t):
	return math.pow((3.0 / math.acos(((math.sqrt(t) * (x / (z * y))) * 0.05555555555555555))), -1.0)
function code(x, y, z, t)
	return Float64(3.0 / acos(Float64(Float64(sqrt(t) * Float64(x / Float64(z * y))) * 0.05555555555555555))) ^ -1.0
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t)
	tmp = (3.0 / acos(((sqrt(t) * (x / (z * y))) * 0.05555555555555555))) ^ -1.0;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_] := N[Power[N[(3.0 / N[ArcCos[N[(N[(N[Sqrt[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(x / N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.05555555555555555), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
{\left(\frac{3}{\cos^{-1} \left(\left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \frac{x}{z \cdot y}\right) \cdot 0.05555555555555555\right)}\right)}^{-1}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{3 \cdot \frac{x}{y \cdot 27}}{z \cdot 2} \cdot \sqrt{t}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{18} \cdot \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \frac{x}{y \cdot z}\right)\right)} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{18} \cdot \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \frac{x}{y \cdot z}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}} \]
    2. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{18} \cdot \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \frac{x}{y \cdot z}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}} \]
  5. Applied rewrites97.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\left(\frac{\frac{\sqrt{t}}{z}}{y} \cdot x\right) \cdot 0.05555555555555555\right) \cdot 0.3333333333333333} \]
  6. Applied rewrites99.2%

    \[\leadsto {\left({\cos^{-1} \left(0.05555555555555555 \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{\sqrt{t}}{z}}{y} \cdot x\right)\right)}^{-1} \cdot 3\right)}^{\color{blue}{-1}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Applied rewrites99.2%

      \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{3}{\cos^{-1} \left(\left(x \cdot \frac{\frac{\sqrt{t}}{z}}{y}\right) \cdot 0.05555555555555555\right)}\right)}^{\color{blue}{-1}} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites100.0%

        \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{3}{\cos^{-1} \left(\left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \frac{x}{z \cdot y}\right) \cdot 0.05555555555555555\right)}\right)}^{-1} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 2: 97.9% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \frac{0.05555555555555555 \cdot x}{z \cdot y}\right) \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (x y z t)
       :precision binary64
       (*
        (acos (* (sqrt t) (/ (* 0.05555555555555555 x) (* z y))))
        0.3333333333333333))
      double code(double x, double y, double z, double t) {
      	return acos((sqrt(t) * ((0.05555555555555555 * x) / (z * y)))) * 0.3333333333333333;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(x, y, z, t)
          real(8), intent (in) :: x
          real(8), intent (in) :: y
          real(8), intent (in) :: z
          real(8), intent (in) :: t
          code = acos((sqrt(t) * ((0.05555555555555555d0 * x) / (z * y)))) * 0.3333333333333333d0
      end function
      
      public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t) {
      	return Math.acos((Math.sqrt(t) * ((0.05555555555555555 * x) / (z * y)))) * 0.3333333333333333;
      }
      
      def code(x, y, z, t):
      	return math.acos((math.sqrt(t) * ((0.05555555555555555 * x) / (z * y)))) * 0.3333333333333333
      
      function code(x, y, z, t)
      	return Float64(acos(Float64(sqrt(t) * Float64(Float64(0.05555555555555555 * x) / Float64(z * y)))) * 0.3333333333333333)
      end
      
      function tmp = code(x, y, z, t)
      	tmp = acos((sqrt(t) * ((0.05555555555555555 * x) / (z * y)))) * 0.3333333333333333;
      end
      
      code[x_, y_, z_, t_] := N[(N[ArcCos[N[(N[Sqrt[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(0.05555555555555555 * x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \frac{0.05555555555555555 \cdot x}{z \cdot y}\right) \cdot 0.3333333333333333
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 97.7%

        \[\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{3 \cdot \frac{x}{y \cdot 27}}{z \cdot 2} \cdot \sqrt{t}\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\frac{3 \cdot \frac{x}{y \cdot 27}}{z \cdot 2} \cdot \sqrt{t}\right)} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{3 \cdot \frac{x}{y \cdot 27}}{z \cdot 2} \cdot \sqrt{t}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}} \]
        3. lower-*.f6497.7

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{3 \cdot \frac{x}{y \cdot 27}}{z \cdot 2} \cdot \sqrt{t}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}} \]
      4. Applied rewrites97.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \left(0.05555555555555555 \cdot \frac{\frac{x}{y}}{z}\right)\right) \cdot 0.3333333333333333} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{18} \cdot \frac{\frac{x}{y}}{z}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{x}{y}}{z} \cdot \frac{1}{18}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
        3. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{x}{y}}{z}} \cdot \frac{1}{18}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
        4. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{x}{y}}}{z} \cdot \frac{1}{18}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
        5. associate-/l/N/A

          \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{x}{z \cdot y}} \cdot \frac{1}{18}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
        6. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \left(\frac{x}{\color{blue}{z \cdot y}} \cdot \frac{1}{18}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
        7. associate-*l/N/A

          \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \frac{1}{18}}{z \cdot y}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
        8. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \frac{1}{18}}{z \cdot y}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
        9. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{18} \cdot x}}{z \cdot y}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3} \]
        10. lower-*.f6498.5

          \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{0.05555555555555555 \cdot x}}{z \cdot y}\right) \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]
      6. Applied rewrites98.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\sqrt{t} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.05555555555555555 \cdot x}{z \cdot y}}\right) \cdot 0.3333333333333333 \]
      7. Add Preprocessing

      Developer Target 1: 97.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\frac{x}{27}}{y \cdot z} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{t}}{\frac{2}{3}}\right)}{3} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (x y z t)
       :precision binary64
       (/ (acos (* (/ (/ x 27.0) (* y z)) (/ (sqrt t) (/ 2.0 3.0)))) 3.0))
      double code(double x, double y, double z, double t) {
      	return acos((((x / 27.0) / (y * z)) * (sqrt(t) / (2.0 / 3.0)))) / 3.0;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(x, y, z, t)
          real(8), intent (in) :: x
          real(8), intent (in) :: y
          real(8), intent (in) :: z
          real(8), intent (in) :: t
          code = acos((((x / 27.0d0) / (y * z)) * (sqrt(t) / (2.0d0 / 3.0d0)))) / 3.0d0
      end function
      
      public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t) {
      	return Math.acos((((x / 27.0) / (y * z)) * (Math.sqrt(t) / (2.0 / 3.0)))) / 3.0;
      }
      
      def code(x, y, z, t):
      	return math.acos((((x / 27.0) / (y * z)) * (math.sqrt(t) / (2.0 / 3.0)))) / 3.0
      
      function code(x, y, z, t)
      	return Float64(acos(Float64(Float64(Float64(x / 27.0) / Float64(y * z)) * Float64(sqrt(t) / Float64(2.0 / 3.0)))) / 3.0)
      end
      
      function tmp = code(x, y, z, t)
      	tmp = acos((((x / 27.0) / (y * z)) * (sqrt(t) / (2.0 / 3.0)))) / 3.0;
      end
      
      code[x_, y_, z_, t_] := N[(N[ArcCos[N[(N[(N[(x / 27.0), $MachinePrecision] / N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sqrt[t], $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 / 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \frac{\cos^{-1} \left(\frac{\frac{x}{27}}{y \cdot z} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{t}}{\frac{2}{3}}\right)}{3}
      \end{array}
      

      Reproduce

      ?
      herbie shell --seed 2024323 
      (FPCore (x y z t)
        :name "Diagrams.Solve.Polynomial:cubForm  from diagrams-solve-0.1, D"
        :precision binary64
      
        :alt
        (! :herbie-platform default (/ (acos (* (/ (/ x 27) (* y z)) (/ (sqrt t) (/ 2 3)))) 3))
      
        (* (/ 1.0 3.0) (acos (* (/ (* 3.0 (/ x (* y 27.0))) (* z 2.0)) (sqrt t)))))