
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (let* ((t_0 (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c))))) (if (>= b 0.0) (/ (* 2.0 c) (- (- b) t_0)) (/ (+ (- b) t_0) (* 2.0 a)))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double t_0 = sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)));
double tmp;
if (b >= 0.0) {
tmp = (2.0 * c) / (-b - t_0);
} else {
tmp = (-b + t_0) / (2.0 * a);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
real(8) :: t_0
real(8) :: tmp
t_0 = sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0d0 * a) * c)))
if (b >= 0.0d0) then
tmp = (2.0d0 * c) / (-b - t_0)
else
tmp = (-b + t_0) / (2.0d0 * a)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double t_0 = Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)));
double tmp;
if (b >= 0.0) {
tmp = (2.0 * c) / (-b - t_0);
} else {
tmp = (-b + t_0) / (2.0 * a);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(a, b, c): t_0 = math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c))) tmp = 0 if b >= 0.0: tmp = (2.0 * c) / (-b - t_0) else: tmp = (-b + t_0) / (2.0 * a) return tmp
function code(a, b, c) t_0 = sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * a) * c))) tmp = 0.0 if (b >= 0.0) tmp = Float64(Float64(2.0 * c) / Float64(Float64(-b) - t_0)); else tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + t_0) / Float64(2.0 * a)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c) t_0 = sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c))); tmp = 0.0; if (b >= 0.0) tmp = (2.0 * c) / (-b - t_0); else tmp = (-b + t_0) / (2.0 * a); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, If[GreaterEqual[b, 0.0], N[(N[(2.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] / N[((-b) - t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[((-b) + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\\
\mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - t\_0}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + t\_0}{2 \cdot a}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 4 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (let* ((t_0 (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c))))) (if (>= b 0.0) (/ (* 2.0 c) (- (- b) t_0)) (/ (+ (- b) t_0) (* 2.0 a)))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double t_0 = sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)));
double tmp;
if (b >= 0.0) {
tmp = (2.0 * c) / (-b - t_0);
} else {
tmp = (-b + t_0) / (2.0 * a);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
real(8) :: t_0
real(8) :: tmp
t_0 = sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0d0 * a) * c)))
if (b >= 0.0d0) then
tmp = (2.0d0 * c) / (-b - t_0)
else
tmp = (-b + t_0) / (2.0d0 * a)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double t_0 = Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)));
double tmp;
if (b >= 0.0) {
tmp = (2.0 * c) / (-b - t_0);
} else {
tmp = (-b + t_0) / (2.0 * a);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(a, b, c): t_0 = math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c))) tmp = 0 if b >= 0.0: tmp = (2.0 * c) / (-b - t_0) else: tmp = (-b + t_0) / (2.0 * a) return tmp
function code(a, b, c) t_0 = sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * a) * c))) tmp = 0.0 if (b >= 0.0) tmp = Float64(Float64(2.0 * c) / Float64(Float64(-b) - t_0)); else tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + t_0) / Float64(2.0 * a)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c) t_0 = sqrt(((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c))); tmp = 0.0; if (b >= 0.0) tmp = (2.0 * c) / (-b - t_0); else tmp = (-b + t_0) / (2.0 * a); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, If[GreaterEqual[b, 0.0], N[(N[(2.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] / N[((-b) - t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[((-b) + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\\
\mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - t\_0}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + t\_0}{2 \cdot a}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (sqrt (fma (* a c) -4.0 (* b b)))))
(if (or (<= b -5e+106) (not (<= b 2.2e+122)))
(if (>= b 0.0) (/ (* -2.0 c) (* 2.0 b)) (* (/ (- (- b) b) a) 0.5))
(if (>= b 0.0) (/ (* -2.0 c) (+ t_0 b)) (* (/ (- t_0 b) a) 0.5)))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double t_0 = sqrt(fma((a * c), -4.0, (b * b)));
double tmp_1;
if ((b <= -5e+106) || !(b <= 2.2e+122)) {
double tmp_2;
if (b >= 0.0) {
tmp_2 = (-2.0 * c) / (2.0 * b);
} else {
tmp_2 = ((-b - b) / a) * 0.5;
}
tmp_1 = tmp_2;
} else if (b >= 0.0) {
tmp_1 = (-2.0 * c) / (t_0 + b);
} else {
tmp_1 = ((t_0 - b) / a) * 0.5;
}
return tmp_1;
}
function code(a, b, c) t_0 = sqrt(fma(Float64(a * c), -4.0, Float64(b * b))) tmp_1 = 0.0 if ((b <= -5e+106) || !(b <= 2.2e+122)) tmp_2 = 0.0 if (b >= 0.0) tmp_2 = Float64(Float64(-2.0 * c) / Float64(2.0 * b)); else tmp_2 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) - b) / a) * 0.5); end tmp_1 = tmp_2; elseif (b >= 0.0) tmp_1 = Float64(Float64(-2.0 * c) / Float64(t_0 + b)); else tmp_1 = Float64(Float64(Float64(t_0 - b) / a) * 0.5); end return tmp_1 end
code[a_, b_, c_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Sqrt[N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] * -4.0 + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, If[Or[LessEqual[b, -5e+106], N[Not[LessEqual[b, 2.2e+122]], $MachinePrecision]], If[GreaterEqual[b, 0.0], N[(N[(-2.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[((-b) - b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]], If[GreaterEqual[b, 0.0], N[(N[(-2.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] / N[(t$95$0 + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(t$95$0 - b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot c, -4, b \cdot b\right)}\\
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+106} \lor \neg \left(b \leq 2.2 \cdot 10^{+122}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-2 \cdot c}{2 \cdot b}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) - b}{a} \cdot 0.5\\
\end{array}\\
\mathbf{elif}\;b \geq 0:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-2 \cdot c}{t\_0 + b}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{t\_0 - b}{a} \cdot 0.5\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < -4.9999999999999998e106 or 2.1999999999999999e122 < b Initial program 46.7%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
Applied rewrites46.7%
Taylor expanded in b around -inf
Applied rewrites72.1%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
Applied rewrites97.7%
if -4.9999999999999998e106 < b < 2.1999999999999999e122Initial program 90.3%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
Applied rewrites90.3%
Final simplification93.8%
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(if (or (<= b -5e+106) (not (<= b 2.2e+122)))
(if (>= b 0.0) (/ (* -2.0 c) (* 2.0 b)) (* (/ (- (- b) b) a) 0.5))
(if (>= b 0.0)
(* c (/ -2.0 (+ (sqrt (fma (* -4.0 c) a (* b b))) b)))
(* (/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a c) -4.0 (* b b))) b) a) 0.5))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp_1;
if ((b <= -5e+106) || !(b <= 2.2e+122)) {
double tmp_2;
if (b >= 0.0) {
tmp_2 = (-2.0 * c) / (2.0 * b);
} else {
tmp_2 = ((-b - b) / a) * 0.5;
}
tmp_1 = tmp_2;
} else if (b >= 0.0) {
tmp_1 = c * (-2.0 / (sqrt(fma((-4.0 * c), a, (b * b))) + b));
} else {
tmp_1 = ((sqrt(fma((a * c), -4.0, (b * b))) - b) / a) * 0.5;
}
return tmp_1;
}
function code(a, b, c) tmp_1 = 0.0 if ((b <= -5e+106) || !(b <= 2.2e+122)) tmp_2 = 0.0 if (b >= 0.0) tmp_2 = Float64(Float64(-2.0 * c) / Float64(2.0 * b)); else tmp_2 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) - b) / a) * 0.5); end tmp_1 = tmp_2; elseif (b >= 0.0) tmp_1 = Float64(c * Float64(-2.0 / Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(-4.0 * c), a, Float64(b * b))) + b))); else tmp_1 = Float64(Float64(Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(a * c), -4.0, Float64(b * b))) - b) / a) * 0.5); end return tmp_1 end
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[Or[LessEqual[b, -5e+106], N[Not[LessEqual[b, 2.2e+122]], $MachinePrecision]], If[GreaterEqual[b, 0.0], N[(N[(-2.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[((-b) - b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]], If[GreaterEqual[b, 0.0], N[(c * N[(-2.0 / N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(-4.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] * a + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] * -4.0 + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+106} \lor \neg \left(b \leq 2.2 \cdot 10^{+122}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-2 \cdot c}{2 \cdot b}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) - b}{a} \cdot 0.5\\
\end{array}\\
\mathbf{elif}\;b \geq 0:\\
\;\;\;\;c \cdot \frac{-2}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} + b}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot c, -4, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{a} \cdot 0.5\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < -4.9999999999999998e106 or 2.1999999999999999e122 < b Initial program 46.7%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
Applied rewrites46.7%
Taylor expanded in b around -inf
Applied rewrites72.1%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
Applied rewrites97.7%
if -4.9999999999999998e106 < b < 2.1999999999999999e122Initial program 90.3%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
Applied rewrites90.3%
Applied rewrites90.2%
Final simplification93.7%
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(if (<= b -2.9e+46)
(if (>= b 0.0) (/ (* -2.0 c) (* 2.0 b)) (* (/ (- (- b) b) a) 0.5))
(if (>= b 0.0)
(/ (* 2.0 c) (- (- b) (fma (* -2.0 a) (/ c b) b)))
(/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (* -4.0 (* a c)))) (* 2.0 a)))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp_1;
if (b <= -2.9e+46) {
double tmp_2;
if (b >= 0.0) {
tmp_2 = (-2.0 * c) / (2.0 * b);
} else {
tmp_2 = ((-b - b) / a) * 0.5;
}
tmp_1 = tmp_2;
} else if (b >= 0.0) {
tmp_1 = (2.0 * c) / (-b - fma((-2.0 * a), (c / b), b));
} else {
tmp_1 = (-b + sqrt((-4.0 * (a * c)))) / (2.0 * a);
}
return tmp_1;
}
function code(a, b, c) tmp_1 = 0.0 if (b <= -2.9e+46) tmp_2 = 0.0 if (b >= 0.0) tmp_2 = Float64(Float64(-2.0 * c) / Float64(2.0 * b)); else tmp_2 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) - b) / a) * 0.5); end tmp_1 = tmp_2; elseif (b >= 0.0) tmp_1 = Float64(Float64(2.0 * c) / Float64(Float64(-b) - fma(Float64(-2.0 * a), Float64(c / b), b))); else tmp_1 = Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(-4.0 * Float64(a * c)))) / Float64(2.0 * a)); end return tmp_1 end
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -2.9e+46], If[GreaterEqual[b, 0.0], N[(N[(-2.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[((-b) - b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]], If[GreaterEqual[b, 0.0], N[(N[(2.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] / N[((-b) - N[(N[(-2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(-4.0 * N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq -2.9 \cdot 10^{+46}:\\
\;\;\;\;\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-2 \cdot c}{2 \cdot b}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) - b}{a} \cdot 0.5\\
\end{array}\\
\mathbf{elif}\;b \geq 0:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(-2 \cdot a, \frac{c}{b}, b\right)}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < -2.9000000000000002e46Initial program 58.1%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
Applied rewrites58.1%
Taylor expanded in b around -inf
Applied rewrites96.3%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
Applied rewrites96.3%
if -2.9000000000000002e46 < b Initial program 74.8%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
+-commutativeN/A
associate-/l*N/A
associate-*r*N/A
lower-fma.f64N/A
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-/.f6474.5
Applied rewrites74.5%
Taylor expanded in a around inf
lower-*.f64N/A
lower-*.f6471.5
Applied rewrites71.5%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (if (>= b 0.0) (/ (* -2.0 c) (* 2.0 b)) (* (/ (- (- b) b) a) 0.5)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp;
if (b >= 0.0) {
tmp = (-2.0 * c) / (2.0 * b);
} else {
tmp = ((-b - b) / a) * 0.5;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
real(8) :: tmp
if (b >= 0.0d0) then
tmp = ((-2.0d0) * c) / (2.0d0 * b)
else
tmp = ((-b - b) / a) * 0.5d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp;
if (b >= 0.0) {
tmp = (-2.0 * c) / (2.0 * b);
} else {
tmp = ((-b - b) / a) * 0.5;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(a, b, c): tmp = 0 if b >= 0.0: tmp = (-2.0 * c) / (2.0 * b) else: tmp = ((-b - b) / a) * 0.5 return tmp
function code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0 if (b >= 0.0) tmp = Float64(Float64(-2.0 * c) / Float64(2.0 * b)); else tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) - b) / a) * 0.5); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0; if (b >= 0.0) tmp = (-2.0 * c) / (2.0 * b); else tmp = ((-b - b) / a) * 0.5; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[GreaterEqual[b, 0.0], N[(N[(-2.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[((-b) - b), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-2 \cdot c}{2 \cdot b}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) - b}{a} \cdot 0.5\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 69.9%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
Applied rewrites69.9%
Taylor expanded in b around -inf
Applied rewrites68.8%
Taylor expanded in a around 0
Applied rewrites68.7%
herbie shell --seed 2024323
(FPCore (a b c)
:name "jeff quadratic root 2"
:precision binary64
(if (>= b 0.0) (/ (* 2.0 c) (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c))))) (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c)))) (* 2.0 a))))