Maksimov and Kolovsky, Equation (32)

Percentage Accurate: 76.0% → 96.5%
Time: 9.7s
Alternatives: 9
Speedup: 1.6×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M))
  (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - fabs((m - n)))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos((((k * (m + n)) / 2.0d0) - m_1)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) - (l - abs((m - n)))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * Math.exp((-Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - Math.abs((m - n)))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * math.exp((-math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - math.fabs((m - n)))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(K * Float64(m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp(Float64(Float64(-(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)) - Float64(l - abs(Float64(m - n))))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) - (l - abs((m - n)))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(K * N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[((-N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]) - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 9 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 76.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M))
  (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - fabs((m - n)))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos((((k * (m + n)) / 2.0d0) - m_1)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) - (l - abs((m - n)))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * Math.exp((-Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - Math.abs((m - n)))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * math.exp((-math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - math.fabs((m - n)))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(K * Float64(m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp(Float64(Float64(-(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)) - Float64(l - abs(Float64(m - n))))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) - (l - abs((m - n)))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(K * N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[((-N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]) - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 96.5% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (* (exp (- (fabs (- n m)) (+ (pow (fma 0.5 (+ n m) (- M)) 2.0) l))) (cos M)))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return exp((fabs((n - m)) - (pow(fma(0.5, (n + m), -M), 2.0) + l))) * cos(M);
}
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(exp(Float64(abs(Float64(n - m)) - Float64((fma(0.5, Float64(n + m), Float64(-M)) ^ 2.0) + l))) * cos(M))
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Exp[N[(N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Power[N[(0.5 * N[(n + m), $MachinePrecision] + (-M)), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 77.9%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
    2. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
  5. Applied rewrites97.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
  6. Final simplification97.1%

    \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 94.7% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;M \leq -280 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 6.5 \cdot 10^{-12}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-M\right) \cdot M} \cdot \cos M\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= M -280.0) (not (<= M 6.5e-12)))
   (* (exp (* (- M) M)) (cos M))
   (exp (- (fabs (- n m)) (fma 0.25 (pow (+ n m) 2.0) l)))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if ((M <= -280.0) || !(M <= 6.5e-12)) {
		tmp = exp((-M * M)) * cos(M);
	} else {
		tmp = exp((fabs((n - m)) - fma(0.25, pow((n + m), 2.0), l)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((M <= -280.0) || !(M <= 6.5e-12))
		tmp = Float64(exp(Float64(Float64(-M) * M)) * cos(M));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float64(abs(Float64(n - m)) - fma(0.25, (Float64(n + m) ^ 2.0), l)));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[Or[LessEqual[M, -280.0], N[Not[LessEqual[M, 6.5e-12]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Exp[N[((-M) * M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[N[(N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(0.25 * N[Power[N[(n + m), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;M \leq -280 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 6.5 \cdot 10^{-12}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\left(-M\right) \cdot M} \cdot \cos M\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if M < -280 or 6.5000000000000002e-12 < M

    1. Initial program 83.5%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
    5. Applied rewrites98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in M around inf

      \[\leadsto e^{-1 \cdot {M}^{2}} \cdot \cos M \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites94.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(-M\right) \cdot M} \cdot \cos M \]

      if -280 < M < 6.5000000000000002e-12

      1. Initial program 72.4%

        \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
        2. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
      5. Applied rewrites95.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in M around 0

        \[\leadsto e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + \frac{1}{4} \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites95.7%

          \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)} \]
      8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      9. Final simplification95.1%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;M \leq -280 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 6.5 \cdot 10^{-12}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-M\right) \cdot M} \cdot \cos M\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
      10. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 3: 66.2% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \leq -2.25 \cdot 10^{-234}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(m \cdot m\right)} \cdot \cos M\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 54:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-M\right) \cdot M} \cdot \cos M\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{\left(n \cdot n\right) \cdot -0.25}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (K m n M l)
       :precision binary64
       (if (<= n -2.25e-234)
         (* (exp (* -0.25 (* m m))) (cos M))
         (if (<= n 54.0)
           (* (exp (* (- M) M)) (cos M))
           (* (cos M) (exp (* (* n n) -0.25))))))
      double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
      	double tmp;
      	if (n <= -2.25e-234) {
      		tmp = exp((-0.25 * (m * m))) * cos(M);
      	} else if (n <= 54.0) {
      		tmp = exp((-M * M)) * cos(M);
      	} else {
      		tmp = cos(M) * exp(((n * n) * -0.25));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
          real(8), intent (in) :: k
          real(8), intent (in) :: m
          real(8), intent (in) :: n
          real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
          real(8), intent (in) :: l
          real(8) :: tmp
          if (n <= (-2.25d-234)) then
              tmp = exp(((-0.25d0) * (m * m))) * cos(m_1)
          else if (n <= 54.0d0) then
              tmp = exp((-m_1 * m_1)) * cos(m_1)
          else
              tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((n * n) * (-0.25d0)))
          end if
          code = tmp
      end function
      
      public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
      	double tmp;
      	if (n <= -2.25e-234) {
      		tmp = Math.exp((-0.25 * (m * m))) * Math.cos(M);
      	} else if (n <= 54.0) {
      		tmp = Math.exp((-M * M)) * Math.cos(M);
      	} else {
      		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(((n * n) * -0.25));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      def code(K, m, n, M, l):
      	tmp = 0
      	if n <= -2.25e-234:
      		tmp = math.exp((-0.25 * (m * m))) * math.cos(M)
      	elif n <= 54.0:
      		tmp = math.exp((-M * M)) * math.cos(M)
      	else:
      		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(((n * n) * -0.25))
      	return tmp
      
      function code(K, m, n, M, l)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (n <= -2.25e-234)
      		tmp = Float64(exp(Float64(-0.25 * Float64(m * m))) * cos(M));
      	elseif (n <= 54.0)
      		tmp = Float64(exp(Float64(Float64(-M) * M)) * cos(M));
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(Float64(n * n) * -0.25)));
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
      	tmp = 0.0;
      	if (n <= -2.25e-234)
      		tmp = exp((-0.25 * (m * m))) * cos(M);
      	elseif (n <= 54.0)
      		tmp = exp((-M * M)) * cos(M);
      	else
      		tmp = cos(M) * exp(((n * n) * -0.25));
      	end
      	tmp_2 = tmp;
      end
      
      code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[n, -2.25e-234], N[(N[Exp[N[(-0.25 * N[(m * m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[n, 54.0], N[(N[Exp[N[((-M) * M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(N[(n * n), $MachinePrecision] * -0.25), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      \mathbf{if}\;n \leq -2.25 \cdot 10^{-234}:\\
      \;\;\;\;e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(m \cdot m\right)} \cdot \cos M\\
      
      \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 54:\\
      \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-M\right) \cdot M} \cdot \cos M\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{\left(n \cdot n\right) \cdot -0.25}\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 3 regimes
      2. if n < -2.25000000000000005e-234

        1. Initial program 74.2%

          \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
        5. Applied rewrites96.2%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in m around inf

          \[\leadsto e^{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {m}^{2}} \cdot \cos M \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites44.0%

            \[\leadsto e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(m \cdot m\right)} \cdot \cos M \]

          if -2.25000000000000005e-234 < n < 54

          1. Initial program 85.3%

            \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
          5. Applied rewrites95.5%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in M around inf

            \[\leadsto e^{-1 \cdot {M}^{2}} \cdot \cos M \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites58.7%

              \[\leadsto e^{\left(-M\right) \cdot M} \cdot \cos M \]

            if 54 < n

            1. Initial program 75.0%

              \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in n around inf

              \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {n}^{2}}} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{{n}^{2} \cdot \frac{-1}{4}}} \]
              2. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{{n}^{2} \cdot \frac{-1}{4}}} \]
              3. unpow2N/A

                \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot n\right)} \cdot \frac{-1}{4}} \]
              4. lower-*.f6470.9

                \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot n\right)} \cdot -0.25} \]
            5. Applied rewrites70.9%

              \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot n\right) \cdot -0.25}} \]
            6. Taylor expanded in K around 0

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(n \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{4}} \]
            7. Step-by-step derivation
              1. cos-negN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(n \cdot n\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{4}} \]
              2. lower-cos.f6495.9

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(n \cdot n\right) \cdot -0.25} \]
            8. Applied rewrites95.9%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(n \cdot n\right) \cdot -0.25} \]
          8. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
          9. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 4: 66.2% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \leq -2.25 \cdot 10^{-234}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(m \cdot m\right)} \cdot \cos M\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 54:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-M\right) \cdot M} \cdot \cos M\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot n\right) \cdot n}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (K m n M l)
           :precision binary64
           (if (<= n -2.25e-234)
             (* (exp (* -0.25 (* m m))) (cos M))
             (if (<= n 54.0) (* (exp (* (- M) M)) (cos M)) (exp (* (* -0.25 n) n)))))
          double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
          	double tmp;
          	if (n <= -2.25e-234) {
          		tmp = exp((-0.25 * (m * m))) * cos(M);
          	} else if (n <= 54.0) {
          		tmp = exp((-M * M)) * cos(M);
          	} else {
          		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * n) * n));
          	}
          	return tmp;
          }
          
          real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
              real(8), intent (in) :: k
              real(8), intent (in) :: m
              real(8), intent (in) :: n
              real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
              real(8), intent (in) :: l
              real(8) :: tmp
              if (n <= (-2.25d-234)) then
                  tmp = exp(((-0.25d0) * (m * m))) * cos(m_1)
              else if (n <= 54.0d0) then
                  tmp = exp((-m_1 * m_1)) * cos(m_1)
              else
                  tmp = exp((((-0.25d0) * n) * n))
              end if
              code = tmp
          end function
          
          public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
          	double tmp;
          	if (n <= -2.25e-234) {
          		tmp = Math.exp((-0.25 * (m * m))) * Math.cos(M);
          	} else if (n <= 54.0) {
          		tmp = Math.exp((-M * M)) * Math.cos(M);
          	} else {
          		tmp = Math.exp(((-0.25 * n) * n));
          	}
          	return tmp;
          }
          
          def code(K, m, n, M, l):
          	tmp = 0
          	if n <= -2.25e-234:
          		tmp = math.exp((-0.25 * (m * m))) * math.cos(M)
          	elif n <= 54.0:
          		tmp = math.exp((-M * M)) * math.cos(M)
          	else:
          		tmp = math.exp(((-0.25 * n) * n))
          	return tmp
          
          function code(K, m, n, M, l)
          	tmp = 0.0
          	if (n <= -2.25e-234)
          		tmp = Float64(exp(Float64(-0.25 * Float64(m * m))) * cos(M));
          	elseif (n <= 54.0)
          		tmp = Float64(exp(Float64(Float64(-M) * M)) * cos(M));
          	else
          		tmp = exp(Float64(Float64(-0.25 * n) * n));
          	end
          	return tmp
          end
          
          function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
          	tmp = 0.0;
          	if (n <= -2.25e-234)
          		tmp = exp((-0.25 * (m * m))) * cos(M);
          	elseif (n <= 54.0)
          		tmp = exp((-M * M)) * cos(M);
          	else
          		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * n) * n));
          	end
          	tmp_2 = tmp;
          end
          
          code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[n, -2.25e-234], N[(N[Exp[N[(-0.25 * N[(m * m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[n, 54.0], N[(N[Exp[N[((-M) * M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[N[(N[(-0.25 * n), $MachinePrecision] * n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \begin{array}{l}
          \mathbf{if}\;n \leq -2.25 \cdot 10^{-234}:\\
          \;\;\;\;e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(m \cdot m\right)} \cdot \cos M\\
          
          \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 54:\\
          \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-M\right) \cdot M} \cdot \cos M\\
          
          \mathbf{else}:\\
          \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot n\right) \cdot n}\\
          
          
          \end{array}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Split input into 3 regimes
          2. if n < -2.25000000000000005e-234

            1. Initial program 74.2%

              \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
              2. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
            5. Applied rewrites96.2%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
            6. Taylor expanded in m around inf

              \[\leadsto e^{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {m}^{2}} \cdot \cos M \]
            7. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites44.0%

                \[\leadsto e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(m \cdot m\right)} \cdot \cos M \]

              if -2.25000000000000005e-234 < n < 54

              1. Initial program 85.3%

                \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
              5. Applied rewrites95.5%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
              6. Taylor expanded in M around inf

                \[\leadsto e^{-1 \cdot {M}^{2}} \cdot \cos M \]
              7. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites58.7%

                  \[\leadsto e^{\left(-M\right) \cdot M} \cdot \cos M \]

                if 54 < n

                1. Initial program 75.0%

                  \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                  2. lower-*.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                5. Applied rewrites100.0%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
                6. Taylor expanded in M around 0

                  \[\leadsto e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + \frac{1}{4} \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
                7. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites97.2%

                    \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)} \]
                  2. Taylor expanded in n around inf

                    \[\leadsto e^{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {n}^{2}} \]
                  3. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites95.9%

                      \[\leadsto e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot n\right) \cdot n} \]
                  4. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                  5. Add Preprocessing

                  Alternative 5: 66.2% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{-233}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot m\right) \cdot m}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 54:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-M\right) \cdot M} \cdot \cos M\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot n\right) \cdot n}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                  (FPCore (K m n M l)
                   :precision binary64
                   (if (<= n -1.3e-233)
                     (exp (* (* -0.25 m) m))
                     (if (<= n 54.0) (* (exp (* (- M) M)) (cos M)) (exp (* (* -0.25 n) n)))))
                  double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
                  	double tmp;
                  	if (n <= -1.3e-233) {
                  		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * m) * m));
                  	} else if (n <= 54.0) {
                  		tmp = exp((-M * M)) * cos(M);
                  	} else {
                  		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * n) * n));
                  	}
                  	return tmp;
                  }
                  
                  real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: k
                      real(8), intent (in) :: m
                      real(8), intent (in) :: n
                      real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
                      real(8), intent (in) :: l
                      real(8) :: tmp
                      if (n <= (-1.3d-233)) then
                          tmp = exp((((-0.25d0) * m) * m))
                      else if (n <= 54.0d0) then
                          tmp = exp((-m_1 * m_1)) * cos(m_1)
                      else
                          tmp = exp((((-0.25d0) * n) * n))
                      end if
                      code = tmp
                  end function
                  
                  public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
                  	double tmp;
                  	if (n <= -1.3e-233) {
                  		tmp = Math.exp(((-0.25 * m) * m));
                  	} else if (n <= 54.0) {
                  		tmp = Math.exp((-M * M)) * Math.cos(M);
                  	} else {
                  		tmp = Math.exp(((-0.25 * n) * n));
                  	}
                  	return tmp;
                  }
                  
                  def code(K, m, n, M, l):
                  	tmp = 0
                  	if n <= -1.3e-233:
                  		tmp = math.exp(((-0.25 * m) * m))
                  	elif n <= 54.0:
                  		tmp = math.exp((-M * M)) * math.cos(M)
                  	else:
                  		tmp = math.exp(((-0.25 * n) * n))
                  	return tmp
                  
                  function code(K, m, n, M, l)
                  	tmp = 0.0
                  	if (n <= -1.3e-233)
                  		tmp = exp(Float64(Float64(-0.25 * m) * m));
                  	elseif (n <= 54.0)
                  		tmp = Float64(exp(Float64(Float64(-M) * M)) * cos(M));
                  	else
                  		tmp = exp(Float64(Float64(-0.25 * n) * n));
                  	end
                  	return tmp
                  end
                  
                  function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
                  	tmp = 0.0;
                  	if (n <= -1.3e-233)
                  		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * m) * m));
                  	elseif (n <= 54.0)
                  		tmp = exp((-M * M)) * cos(M);
                  	else
                  		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * n) * n));
                  	end
                  	tmp_2 = tmp;
                  end
                  
                  code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[n, -1.3e-233], N[Exp[N[(N[(-0.25 * m), $MachinePrecision] * m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[n, 54.0], N[(N[Exp[N[((-M) * M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[N[(N[(-0.25 * n), $MachinePrecision] * n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]
                  
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  
                  \\
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  \mathbf{if}\;n \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{-233}:\\
                  \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot m\right) \cdot m}\\
                  
                  \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 54:\\
                  \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-M\right) \cdot M} \cdot \cos M\\
                  
                  \mathbf{else}:\\
                  \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot n\right) \cdot n}\\
                  
                  
                  \end{array}
                  \end{array}
                  
                  Derivation
                  1. Split input into 3 regimes
                  2. if n < -1.2999999999999999e-233

                    1. Initial program 74.2%

                      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. *-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                      2. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                    5. Applied rewrites96.2%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
                    6. Taylor expanded in M around 0

                      \[\leadsto e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + \frac{1}{4} \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
                    7. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites86.7%

                        \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)} \]
                      2. Taylor expanded in m around inf

                        \[\leadsto e^{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {m}^{2}} \]
                      3. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites43.9%

                          \[\leadsto e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot m\right) \cdot m} \]

                        if -1.2999999999999999e-233 < n < 54

                        1. Initial program 85.3%

                          \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
                        2. Add Preprocessing
                        3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. *-commutativeN/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                          2. lower-*.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                        5. Applied rewrites95.5%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
                        6. Taylor expanded in M around inf

                          \[\leadsto e^{-1 \cdot {M}^{2}} \cdot \cos M \]
                        7. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites58.7%

                            \[\leadsto e^{\left(-M\right) \cdot M} \cdot \cos M \]

                          if 54 < n

                          1. Initial program 75.0%

                            \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
                          2. Add Preprocessing
                          3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. *-commutativeN/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                            2. lower-*.f64N/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                          5. Applied rewrites100.0%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
                          6. Taylor expanded in M around 0

                            \[\leadsto e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + \frac{1}{4} \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
                          7. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. Applied rewrites97.2%

                              \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)} \]
                            2. Taylor expanded in n around inf

                              \[\leadsto e^{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {n}^{2}} \]
                            3. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. Applied rewrites95.9%

                                \[\leadsto e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot n\right) \cdot n} \]
                            4. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                            5. Add Preprocessing

                            Alternative 6: 61.8% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

                            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \leq -5.4 \cdot 10^{-296}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot m\right) \cdot m}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 54:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot n\right) \cdot n}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                            (FPCore (K m n M l)
                             :precision binary64
                             (if (<= n -5.4e-296)
                               (exp (* (* -0.25 m) m))
                               (if (<= n 54.0) (* (cos M) (exp (- l))) (exp (* (* -0.25 n) n)))))
                            double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
                            	double tmp;
                            	if (n <= -5.4e-296) {
                            		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * m) * m));
                            	} else if (n <= 54.0) {
                            		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
                            	} else {
                            		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * n) * n));
                            	}
                            	return tmp;
                            }
                            
                            real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
                                real(8), intent (in) :: k
                                real(8), intent (in) :: m
                                real(8), intent (in) :: n
                                real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
                                real(8), intent (in) :: l
                                real(8) :: tmp
                                if (n <= (-5.4d-296)) then
                                    tmp = exp((((-0.25d0) * m) * m))
                                else if (n <= 54.0d0) then
                                    tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-l)
                                else
                                    tmp = exp((((-0.25d0) * n) * n))
                                end if
                                code = tmp
                            end function
                            
                            public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
                            	double tmp;
                            	if (n <= -5.4e-296) {
                            		tmp = Math.exp(((-0.25 * m) * m));
                            	} else if (n <= 54.0) {
                            		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-l);
                            	} else {
                            		tmp = Math.exp(((-0.25 * n) * n));
                            	}
                            	return tmp;
                            }
                            
                            def code(K, m, n, M, l):
                            	tmp = 0
                            	if n <= -5.4e-296:
                            		tmp = math.exp(((-0.25 * m) * m))
                            	elif n <= 54.0:
                            		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-l)
                            	else:
                            		tmp = math.exp(((-0.25 * n) * n))
                            	return tmp
                            
                            function code(K, m, n, M, l)
                            	tmp = 0.0
                            	if (n <= -5.4e-296)
                            		tmp = exp(Float64(Float64(-0.25 * m) * m));
                            	elseif (n <= 54.0)
                            		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-l)));
                            	else
                            		tmp = exp(Float64(Float64(-0.25 * n) * n));
                            	end
                            	return tmp
                            end
                            
                            function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
                            	tmp = 0.0;
                            	if (n <= -5.4e-296)
                            		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * m) * m));
                            	elseif (n <= 54.0)
                            		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
                            	else
                            		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * n) * n));
                            	end
                            	tmp_2 = tmp;
                            end
                            
                            code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[n, -5.4e-296], N[Exp[N[(N[(-0.25 * m), $MachinePrecision] * m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[n, 54.0], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[N[(N[(-0.25 * n), $MachinePrecision] * n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]
                            
                            \begin{array}{l}
                            
                            \\
                            \begin{array}{l}
                            \mathbf{if}\;n \leq -5.4 \cdot 10^{-296}:\\
                            \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot m\right) \cdot m}\\
                            
                            \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 54:\\
                            \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\
                            
                            \mathbf{else}:\\
                            \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot n\right) \cdot n}\\
                            
                            
                            \end{array}
                            \end{array}
                            
                            Derivation
                            1. Split input into 3 regimes
                            2. if n < -5.39999999999999998e-296

                              1. Initial program 77.6%

                                \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
                              2. Add Preprocessing
                              3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
                              4. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. *-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                              5. Applied rewrites96.8%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
                              6. Taylor expanded in M around 0

                                \[\leadsto e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + \frac{1}{4} \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
                              7. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. Applied rewrites85.7%

                                  \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)} \]
                                2. Taylor expanded in m around inf

                                  \[\leadsto e^{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {m}^{2}} \]
                                3. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. Applied rewrites45.9%

                                    \[\leadsto e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot m\right) \cdot m} \]

                                  if -5.39999999999999998e-296 < n < 54

                                  1. Initial program 82.1%

                                    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                  3. Taylor expanded in l around inf

                                    \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. mul-1-negN/A

                                      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\ell\right)}} \]
                                    2. lower-neg.f6440.8

                                      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
                                  5. Applied rewrites40.8%

                                    \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
                                  6. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \cdot e^{-\ell} \]
                                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. cos-negN/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{-\ell} \]
                                    2. lower-cos.f6451.1

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{-\ell} \]
                                  8. Applied rewrites51.1%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{-\ell} \]

                                  if 54 < n

                                  1. Initial program 75.0%

                                    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                  3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. *-commutativeN/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                    2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                  5. Applied rewrites100.0%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
                                  6. Taylor expanded in M around 0

                                    \[\leadsto e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + \frac{1}{4} \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
                                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. Applied rewrites97.2%

                                      \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)} \]
                                    2. Taylor expanded in n around inf

                                      \[\leadsto e^{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {n}^{2}} \]
                                    3. Step-by-step derivation
                                      1. Applied rewrites95.9%

                                        \[\leadsto e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot n\right) \cdot n} \]
                                    4. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                                    5. Add Preprocessing

                                    Alternative 7: 69.0% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

                                    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -2.5 \lor \neg \left(m \leq 0.000115\right):\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot m\right) \cdot m}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                                    (FPCore (K m n M l)
                                     :precision binary64
                                     (if (or (<= m -2.5) (not (<= m 0.000115)))
                                       (exp (* (* -0.25 m) m))
                                       (exp (- l))))
                                    double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
                                    	double tmp;
                                    	if ((m <= -2.5) || !(m <= 0.000115)) {
                                    		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * m) * m));
                                    	} else {
                                    		tmp = exp(-l);
                                    	}
                                    	return tmp;
                                    }
                                    
                                    real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
                                        real(8), intent (in) :: k
                                        real(8), intent (in) :: m
                                        real(8), intent (in) :: n
                                        real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
                                        real(8), intent (in) :: l
                                        real(8) :: tmp
                                        if ((m <= (-2.5d0)) .or. (.not. (m <= 0.000115d0))) then
                                            tmp = exp((((-0.25d0) * m) * m))
                                        else
                                            tmp = exp(-l)
                                        end if
                                        code = tmp
                                    end function
                                    
                                    public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
                                    	double tmp;
                                    	if ((m <= -2.5) || !(m <= 0.000115)) {
                                    		tmp = Math.exp(((-0.25 * m) * m));
                                    	} else {
                                    		tmp = Math.exp(-l);
                                    	}
                                    	return tmp;
                                    }
                                    
                                    def code(K, m, n, M, l):
                                    	tmp = 0
                                    	if (m <= -2.5) or not (m <= 0.000115):
                                    		tmp = math.exp(((-0.25 * m) * m))
                                    	else:
                                    		tmp = math.exp(-l)
                                    	return tmp
                                    
                                    function code(K, m, n, M, l)
                                    	tmp = 0.0
                                    	if ((m <= -2.5) || !(m <= 0.000115))
                                    		tmp = exp(Float64(Float64(-0.25 * m) * m));
                                    	else
                                    		tmp = exp(Float64(-l));
                                    	end
                                    	return tmp
                                    end
                                    
                                    function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
                                    	tmp = 0.0;
                                    	if ((m <= -2.5) || ~((m <= 0.000115)))
                                    		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * m) * m));
                                    	else
                                    		tmp = exp(-l);
                                    	end
                                    	tmp_2 = tmp;
                                    end
                                    
                                    code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[Or[LessEqual[m, -2.5], N[Not[LessEqual[m, 0.000115]], $MachinePrecision]], N[Exp[N[(N[(-0.25 * m), $MachinePrecision] * m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]]
                                    
                                    \begin{array}{l}
                                    
                                    \\
                                    \begin{array}{l}
                                    \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -2.5 \lor \neg \left(m \leq 0.000115\right):\\
                                    \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot m\right) \cdot m}\\
                                    
                                    \mathbf{else}:\\
                                    \;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\
                                    
                                    
                                    \end{array}
                                    \end{array}
                                    
                                    Derivation
                                    1. Split input into 2 regimes
                                    2. if m < -2.5 or 1.15e-4 < m

                                      1. Initial program 72.1%

                                        \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
                                      2. Add Preprocessing
                                      3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
                                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                                        1. *-commutativeN/A

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                        2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                      5. Applied rewrites100.0%

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
                                      6. Taylor expanded in M around 0

                                        \[\leadsto e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + \frac{1}{4} \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
                                      7. Step-by-step derivation
                                        1. Applied rewrites98.2%

                                          \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)} \]
                                        2. Taylor expanded in m around inf

                                          \[\leadsto e^{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {m}^{2}} \]
                                        3. Step-by-step derivation
                                          1. Applied rewrites95.6%

                                            \[\leadsto e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot m\right) \cdot m} \]

                                          if -2.5 < m < 1.15e-4

                                          1. Initial program 82.4%

                                            \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
                                          2. Add Preprocessing
                                          3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
                                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                                            1. *-commutativeN/A

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                            2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                          5. Applied rewrites94.8%

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
                                          6. Taylor expanded in M around 0

                                            \[\leadsto e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + \frac{1}{4} \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
                                          7. Step-by-step derivation
                                            1. Applied rewrites76.6%

                                              \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)} \]
                                            2. Taylor expanded in l around inf

                                              \[\leadsto e^{-1 \cdot \ell} \]
                                            3. Step-by-step derivation
                                              1. Applied rewrites44.8%

                                                \[\leadsto e^{-\ell} \]
                                            4. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                            5. Final simplification66.8%

                                              \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -2.5 \lor \neg \left(m \leq 0.000115\right):\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot m\right) \cdot m}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \]
                                            6. Add Preprocessing

                                            Alternative 8: 61.6% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

                                            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \leq -6.8 \cdot 10^{-299}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot m\right) \cdot m}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 0.00047:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot n\right) \cdot n}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                                            (FPCore (K m n M l)
                                             :precision binary64
                                             (if (<= n -6.8e-299)
                                               (exp (* (* -0.25 m) m))
                                               (if (<= n 0.00047) (exp (- l)) (exp (* (* -0.25 n) n)))))
                                            double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
                                            	double tmp;
                                            	if (n <= -6.8e-299) {
                                            		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * m) * m));
                                            	} else if (n <= 0.00047) {
                                            		tmp = exp(-l);
                                            	} else {
                                            		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * n) * n));
                                            	}
                                            	return tmp;
                                            }
                                            
                                            real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: k
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: m
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: n
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
                                                real(8), intent (in) :: l
                                                real(8) :: tmp
                                                if (n <= (-6.8d-299)) then
                                                    tmp = exp((((-0.25d0) * m) * m))
                                                else if (n <= 0.00047d0) then
                                                    tmp = exp(-l)
                                                else
                                                    tmp = exp((((-0.25d0) * n) * n))
                                                end if
                                                code = tmp
                                            end function
                                            
                                            public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
                                            	double tmp;
                                            	if (n <= -6.8e-299) {
                                            		tmp = Math.exp(((-0.25 * m) * m));
                                            	} else if (n <= 0.00047) {
                                            		tmp = Math.exp(-l);
                                            	} else {
                                            		tmp = Math.exp(((-0.25 * n) * n));
                                            	}
                                            	return tmp;
                                            }
                                            
                                            def code(K, m, n, M, l):
                                            	tmp = 0
                                            	if n <= -6.8e-299:
                                            		tmp = math.exp(((-0.25 * m) * m))
                                            	elif n <= 0.00047:
                                            		tmp = math.exp(-l)
                                            	else:
                                            		tmp = math.exp(((-0.25 * n) * n))
                                            	return tmp
                                            
                                            function code(K, m, n, M, l)
                                            	tmp = 0.0
                                            	if (n <= -6.8e-299)
                                            		tmp = exp(Float64(Float64(-0.25 * m) * m));
                                            	elseif (n <= 0.00047)
                                            		tmp = exp(Float64(-l));
                                            	else
                                            		tmp = exp(Float64(Float64(-0.25 * n) * n));
                                            	end
                                            	return tmp
                                            end
                                            
                                            function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
                                            	tmp = 0.0;
                                            	if (n <= -6.8e-299)
                                            		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * m) * m));
                                            	elseif (n <= 0.00047)
                                            		tmp = exp(-l);
                                            	else
                                            		tmp = exp(((-0.25 * n) * n));
                                            	end
                                            	tmp_2 = tmp;
                                            end
                                            
                                            code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[n, -6.8e-299], N[Exp[N[(N[(-0.25 * m), $MachinePrecision] * m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[n, 0.00047], N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[N[(N[(-0.25 * n), $MachinePrecision] * n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]
                                            
                                            \begin{array}{l}
                                            
                                            \\
                                            \begin{array}{l}
                                            \mathbf{if}\;n \leq -6.8 \cdot 10^{-299}:\\
                                            \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot m\right) \cdot m}\\
                                            
                                            \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 0.00047:\\
                                            \;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\
                                            
                                            \mathbf{else}:\\
                                            \;\;\;\;e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot n\right) \cdot n}\\
                                            
                                            
                                            \end{array}
                                            \end{array}
                                            
                                            Derivation
                                            1. Split input into 3 regimes
                                            2. if n < -6.7999999999999996e-299

                                              1. Initial program 77.7%

                                                \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
                                              2. Add Preprocessing
                                              3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
                                              4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                1. *-commutativeN/A

                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                              5. Applied rewrites96.8%

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
                                              6. Taylor expanded in M around 0

                                                \[\leadsto e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + \frac{1}{4} \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
                                              7. Step-by-step derivation
                                                1. Applied rewrites85.8%

                                                  \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)} \]
                                                2. Taylor expanded in m around inf

                                                  \[\leadsto e^{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {m}^{2}} \]
                                                3. Step-by-step derivation
                                                  1. Applied rewrites46.4%

                                                    \[\leadsto e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot m\right) \cdot m} \]

                                                  if -6.7999999999999996e-299 < n < 4.69999999999999986e-4

                                                  1. Initial program 81.8%

                                                    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
                                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                                  3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
                                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                    1. *-commutativeN/A

                                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                                    2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                                  5. Applied rewrites94.0%

                                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
                                                  6. Taylor expanded in M around 0

                                                    \[\leadsto e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + \frac{1}{4} \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
                                                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                                                    1. Applied rewrites72.5%

                                                      \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)} \]
                                                    2. Taylor expanded in l around inf

                                                      \[\leadsto e^{-1 \cdot \ell} \]
                                                    3. Step-by-step derivation
                                                      1. Applied rewrites52.0%

                                                        \[\leadsto e^{-\ell} \]

                                                      if 4.69999999999999986e-4 < n

                                                      1. Initial program 75.0%

                                                        \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
                                                      2. Add Preprocessing
                                                      3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
                                                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                        1. *-commutativeN/A

                                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                                        2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                                      5. Applied rewrites100.0%

                                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
                                                      6. Taylor expanded in M around 0

                                                        \[\leadsto e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + \frac{1}{4} \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
                                                      7. Step-by-step derivation
                                                        1. Applied rewrites97.2%

                                                          \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)} \]
                                                        2. Taylor expanded in n around inf

                                                          \[\leadsto e^{\frac{-1}{4} \cdot {n}^{2}} \]
                                                        3. Step-by-step derivation
                                                          1. Applied rewrites95.9%

                                                            \[\leadsto e^{\left(-0.25 \cdot n\right) \cdot n} \]
                                                        4. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                                                        5. Add Preprocessing

                                                        Alternative 9: 34.8% accurate, 3.5× speedup?

                                                        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ e^{-\ell} \end{array} \]
                                                        (FPCore (K m n M l) :precision binary64 (exp (- l)))
                                                        double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
                                                        	return exp(-l);
                                                        }
                                                        
                                                        real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
                                                            real(8), intent (in) :: k
                                                            real(8), intent (in) :: m
                                                            real(8), intent (in) :: n
                                                            real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
                                                            real(8), intent (in) :: l
                                                            code = exp(-l)
                                                        end function
                                                        
                                                        public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
                                                        	return Math.exp(-l);
                                                        }
                                                        
                                                        def code(K, m, n, M, l):
                                                        	return math.exp(-l)
                                                        
                                                        function code(K, m, n, M, l)
                                                        	return exp(Float64(-l))
                                                        end
                                                        
                                                        function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
                                                        	tmp = exp(-l);
                                                        end
                                                        
                                                        code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]
                                                        
                                                        \begin{array}{l}
                                                        
                                                        \\
                                                        e^{-\ell}
                                                        \end{array}
                                                        
                                                        Derivation
                                                        1. Initial program 77.9%

                                                          \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
                                                        2. Add Preprocessing
                                                        3. Taylor expanded in K around 0

                                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
                                                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                                                          1. *-commutativeN/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                                          2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + {\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(m + n\right) - M\right)}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(M\right)\right)} \]
                                                        5. Applied rewrites97.1%

                                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, n + m, -M\right)\right)}^{2} + \ell\right)} \cdot \cos M} \]
                                                        6. Taylor expanded in M around 0

                                                          \[\leadsto e^{\left|m - n\right| - \left(\ell + \frac{1}{4} \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
                                                        7. Step-by-step derivation
                                                          1. Applied rewrites86.0%

                                                            \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \mathsf{fma}\left(0.25, {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}, \ell\right)} \]
                                                          2. Taylor expanded in l around inf

                                                            \[\leadsto e^{-1 \cdot \ell} \]
                                                          3. Step-by-step derivation
                                                            1. Applied rewrites36.0%

                                                              \[\leadsto e^{-\ell} \]
                                                            2. Add Preprocessing

                                                            Reproduce

                                                            ?
                                                            herbie shell --seed 2024322 
                                                            (FPCore (K m n M l)
                                                              :name "Maksimov and Kolovsky, Equation (32)"
                                                              :precision binary64
                                                              (* (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M)) (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))