Lanczos kernel

Percentage Accurate: 97.9% → 97.7%
Time: 11.9s
Alternatives: 15
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\left(10^{-5} \leq x \land x \leq 1\right) \land \left(1 \leq tau \land tau \leq 5\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ t_2 := t\_1 \cdot tau\\ \frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_2} \cdot \frac{\sin t\_1}{t\_1} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* x (PI))) (t_2 (* t_1 tau)))
   (* (/ (sin t_2) t_2) (/ (sin t_1) t_1))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\
t_2 := t\_1 \cdot tau\\
\frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_2} \cdot \frac{\sin t\_1}{t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 15 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 97.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ t_2 := t\_1 \cdot tau\\ \frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_2} \cdot \frac{\sin t\_1}{t\_1} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* x (PI))) (t_2 (* t_1 tau)))
   (* (/ (sin t_2) t_2) (/ (sin t_1) t_1))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\
t_2 := t\_1 \cdot tau\\
\frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_2} \cdot \frac{\sin t\_1}{t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 97.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\\ t_2 := \left(x \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \frac{\frac{\sin t\_1}{t\_1}}{t\_2} \cdot \sin t\_2 \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* (PI) x)) (t_2 (* (* x tau) (PI))))
   (* (/ (/ (sin t_1) t_1) t_2) (sin t_2))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\\
t_2 := \left(x \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\
\frac{\frac{\sin t\_1}{t\_1}}{t\_2} \cdot \sin t\_2
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    3. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    4. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}} \]
    5. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\frac{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}} \]
    6. frac-2negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)}}} \]
    7. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} \]
    8. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-sin.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}\right) \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}\right) \]
    3. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}\right)\right) \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    5. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
    7. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
    8. remove-double-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    9. sin-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    10. lower-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    11. lower-sin.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    12. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    13. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    14. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    16. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    17. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(tau \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    18. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{tau \cdot x}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    19. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot tau}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    20. distribute-lft-neg-outN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    21. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    22. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    23. lift-*.f3297.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied rewrites97.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\sin \left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
  7. Final simplification97.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(x \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sin \left(\left(x \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 97.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ t_2 := t\_1 \cdot tau\\ \frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_2} \cdot \frac{\sin t\_1}{t\_1} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* x (PI))) (t_2 (* t_1 tau)))
   (* (/ (sin t_2) t_2) (/ (sin t_1) t_1))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\
t_2 := t\_1 \cdot tau\\
\frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_2} \cdot \frac{\sin t\_1}{t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 97.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\\ t_2 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \frac{\sin t\_1}{t\_2} \cdot \frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_1} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* (* tau (PI)) x)) (t_2 (* x (PI))))
   (* (/ (sin t_1) t_2) (/ (sin t_2) t_1))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\\
t_2 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\
\frac{\sin t\_1}{t\_2} \cdot \frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    3. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    4. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}} \]
    5. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\frac{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}} \]
    6. frac-2negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)}}} \]
    7. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} \]
    8. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-sin.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}\right) \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}\right) \]
    3. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}\right)\right) \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    5. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
    7. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
    8. remove-double-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    9. sin-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    10. lower-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    11. lower-sin.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    12. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    13. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    14. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    16. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    17. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(tau \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    18. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{tau \cdot x}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    19. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot tau}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    20. distribute-lft-neg-outN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    21. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    22. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    23. lift-*.f3297.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied rewrites97.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\sin \left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
  7. Applied rewrites97.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x}} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 97.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\\ t_2 := tau \cdot t\_1\\ \frac{\sin t\_1}{t\_2} \cdot \frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_1} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* (PI) x)) (t_2 (* tau t_1)))
   (* (/ (sin t_1) t_2) (/ (sin t_2) t_1))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\\
t_2 := tau \cdot t\_1\\
\frac{\sin t\_1}{t\_2} \cdot \frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
    3. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    4. frac-timesN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
    6. times-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    7. *-lft-identityN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
    8. associate-*l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
    9. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 96.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(\sin \left(\left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (/ 1.0 (* (* (* (* (PI) (PI)) x) tau) x))
  (* (sin (* (* tau (PI)) x)) (sin (* x (PI))))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(\sin \left(\left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    3. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    4. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}} \]
    5. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\frac{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}} \]
    6. frac-2negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)}}} \]
    7. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} \]
    8. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-sin.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}\right) \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}\right) \]
    3. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}\right)\right) \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    5. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
    7. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
    8. remove-double-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    9. sin-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    10. lower-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    11. lower-sin.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    12. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    13. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    14. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    16. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    17. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(tau \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    18. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{tau \cdot x}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    19. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot tau}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    20. distribute-lft-neg-outN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    21. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    22. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    23. lift-*.f3297.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied rewrites97.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\sin \left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
  7. Applied rewrites97.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(\sin \left(\left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 96.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\sin \left(\left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot x} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (* (sin (* (* tau (PI)) x)) (sin (* x (PI))))
  (* (* (* (* (PI) (PI)) x) tau) x)))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\sin \left(\left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot x}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    3. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    4. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}} \]
    5. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\frac{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}} \]
    6. frac-2negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)}}} \]
    7. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} \]
    8. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-sin.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}\right) \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}\right) \]
    3. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}\right)\right) \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    5. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
    7. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
    8. remove-double-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    9. sin-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    10. lower-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    11. lower-sin.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    12. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    13. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    14. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    16. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    17. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(tau \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    18. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{tau \cdot x}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    19. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot tau}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    20. distribute-lft-neg-outN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    21. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    22. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    23. lift-*.f3297.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied rewrites97.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\sin \left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
  7. Applied rewrites97.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot x}} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 70.6% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ t_2 := t\_1 \cdot tau\\ \frac{1}{\frac{t\_1}{\frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_2} \cdot t\_1}} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* x (PI))) (t_2 (* t_1 tau)))
   (/ 1.0 (/ t_1 (* (/ (sin t_2) t_2) t_1)))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\
t_2 := t\_1 \cdot tau\\
\frac{1}{\frac{t\_1}{\frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_2} \cdot t\_1}}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    3. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}} \]
    4. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{\frac{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}} \]
    5. frac-2negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}} \]
    6. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
    7. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}\right) \]
    2. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}\right) \]
    3. lower-PI.f3272.4

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot x\right) \]
  7. Applied rewrites72.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}\right) \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x}} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right) \]
    3. associate-*l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x}} \]
    4. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x}{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}} \]
    5. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x}{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}} \]
    6. frac-2negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}}} \]
  9. Applied rewrites72.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 70.5% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\\ t_2 := \left(x \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ \frac{\frac{t\_1}{t\_1}}{t\_2} \cdot \sin t\_2 \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* (PI) x)) (t_2 (* (* x tau) (PI))))
   (* (/ (/ t_1 t_1) t_2) (sin t_2))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\\
t_2 := \left(x \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\
\frac{\frac{t\_1}{t\_1}}{t\_2} \cdot \sin t\_2
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    3. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    4. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}} \]
    5. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\frac{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}} \]
    6. frac-2negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)}}} \]
    7. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} \]
    8. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-sin.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}\right) \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}\right) \]
    3. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}\right)\right) \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    5. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
    7. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
    8. remove-double-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    9. sin-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    10. lower-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    11. lower-sin.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    12. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    13. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    14. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    15. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    16. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    17. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(tau \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
    18. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{tau \cdot x}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    19. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot tau}\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    20. distribute-lft-neg-outN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    21. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    22. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    23. lift-*.f3297.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied rewrites97.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\sin \left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
  7. Taylor expanded in x around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. lower-PI.f3272.5

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot x}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  9. Applied rewrites72.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\left(-\sin \left(\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
  10. Final simplification72.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(x \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sin \left(\left(x \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 70.6% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ t_2 := t\_1 \cdot tau\\ \frac{\frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_2} \cdot t\_1}{t\_1} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* x (PI))) (t_2 (* t_1 tau))) (/ (* (/ (sin t_2) t_2) t_1) t_1)))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\
t_2 := t\_1 \cdot tau\\
\frac{\frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_2} \cdot t\_1}{t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    3. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}} \]
    4. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{\frac{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}} \]
    5. frac-2negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}} \]
    6. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
    7. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}\right) \]
    2. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}\right) \]
    3. lower-PI.f3272.4

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot x\right) \]
  7. Applied rewrites72.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}\right) \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x}} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right) \]
    3. associate-*l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x}} \]
    4. frac-2negN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right)}} \]
    5. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x}\right)} \]
    6. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)} \cdot x\right)} \]
    7. distribute-lft-neg-outN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}\right)} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \]
    9. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \]
    10. remove-double-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
  9. Applied rewrites72.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 70.5% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\ t_2 := t\_1 \cdot tau\\ \frac{\frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_2}}{t\_1} \cdot t\_1 \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* x (PI))) (t_2 (* t_1 tau))) (* (/ (/ (sin t_2) t_2) t_1) t_1)))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\\
t_2 := t\_1 \cdot tau\\
\frac{\frac{\sin t\_2}{t\_2}}{t\_1} \cdot t\_1
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    3. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}} \]
    4. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{\frac{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}} \]
    5. frac-2negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}}} \]
    6. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
    7. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}\right) \]
    2. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}\right) \]
    3. lower-PI.f3272.4

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot x\right) \]
  7. Applied rewrites72.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}\right) \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \]
    2. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)} \]
    3. distribute-rgt-neg-outN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)} \]
    4. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)} \]
  9. Applied rewrites72.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 70.3% accurate, 1.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (/ (* (* (PI) (sin (* tau (* (PI) x)))) (/ 1.0 x)) (* (PI) (* tau (PI)))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
    3. associate-*l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    4. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    5. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot tau} \]
    6. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    7. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    8. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau} \]
    9. inv-powN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{-1}}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau} \]
    10. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{{x}^{-1}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites96.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{x} \cdot \sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-PI.f3272.4

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
  7. Applied rewrites72.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 70.3% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{-1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau}}{x} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (* (/ (/ -1.0 (* (PI) tau)) x) (- (sin (* tau (* (PI) x))))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{-1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau}}{x} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    3. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    4. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}} \]
    5. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\frac{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}} \]
    6. frac-2negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)}}} \]
    7. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} \]
    8. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. remove-double-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}\right)\right) \cdot x}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right)}}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right)}}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)}}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. +-lft-identityN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0 + \left(-x\right)\right)}}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    8. distribute-rgt-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\color{blue}{0 \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{0 \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-lft-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{0 \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    11. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{0 \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)\right)}}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    12. lift-neg.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{0 \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + x \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)\right)}\right)\right)}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    13. remove-double-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{0 \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + x \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    14. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{0 \cdot \left(-\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) + \color{blue}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    15. lower-fma.f3234.8

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0, -\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied rewrites33.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0, -\mathsf{PI}\left(\right), x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}}{\left(\left(-x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
  7. Taylor expanded in x around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-1}{tau}}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    2. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}}{tau}}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    3. distribute-neg-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{tau}\right)}}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. distribute-neg-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\frac{1}{tau}}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    5. associate-/l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{1}{tau}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{x}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    6. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{x}\right)\right) \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    7. distribute-neg-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}{x}} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    8. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right)}{x}} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    9. distribute-neg-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}{tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{x} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    10. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{x} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    11. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}{x} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    12. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau}}}{x} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    13. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau}}}{x} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    14. lower-PI.f3272.4

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot tau}}{x} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
  9. Applied rewrites72.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-1}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau}}{x}} \cdot \left(-\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 70.4% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{tau \cdot x} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (* (/ 1.0 (* tau x)) (/ (sin (* tau (* (PI) x))) (PI))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{tau \cdot x} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
    3. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    4. frac-timesN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}} \]
    5. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}} \]
    6. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}}{\left(\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
    8. times-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot x} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    9. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{\left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot x} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{\left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot x} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{tau \cdot x}} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{tau \cdot x}} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
    2. lower-*.f3272.4

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{tau \cdot x}} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  7. Applied rewrites72.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{tau \cdot x}} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 63.9% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\\ \frac{1}{\frac{t\_1}{\sin t\_1}} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* (PI) x))) (/ 1.0 (/ t_1 (sin t_1)))))
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\\
\frac{1}{\frac{t\_1}{\sin t\_1}}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    2. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
    3. associate-*l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    4. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    5. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot tau} \]
    6. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    7. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    8. div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau} \]
    9. inv-powN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{-1}}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau} \]
    10. associate-*r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{{x}^{-1}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot tau}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites96.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}{x} \cdot \sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot \left(x \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
    2. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot {\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot x\right)} \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
    4. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left({\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}^{2} \cdot x\right)} \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
    5. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
    6. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
    7. lower-PI.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
    8. lower-PI.f3265.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
  7. Applied rewrites65.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}} \]
    2. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \left(tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}} \]
    3. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    4. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\color{blue}{tau \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}} \]
    5. associate-/l/N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{tau}} \]
    6. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{tau}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}} \]
    7. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{tau}{\frac{\frac{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{1}{x}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}}}} \]
  9. Applied rewrites65.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{tau}{\frac{\left(\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot tau}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot x}}}} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in tau around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}} \]
    3. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}} \]
    4. lower-PI.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot x}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}} \]
    5. lower-sin.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}{\color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}}} \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}} \]
    7. lower-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}} \]
    8. lower-PI.f3266.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}{\sin \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \cdot x\right)}} \]
  12. Applied rewrites66.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x}{\sin \left(\mathsf{PI}\left(\right) \cdot x\right)}}} \]
  13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 15: 63.1% accurate, 258.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 1 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau) :precision binary32 1.0)
float code(float x, float tau) {
	return 1.0f;
}
real(4) function code(x, tau)
    real(4), intent (in) :: x
    real(4), intent (in) :: tau
    code = 1.0e0
end function
function code(x, tau)
	return Float32(1.0)
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	tmp = single(1.0);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
1
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 97.7%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)\right)}{x \cdot \mathsf{PI}\left(\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Applied rewrites65.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing

    Reproduce

    ?
    herbie shell --seed 2024322 
    (FPCore (x tau)
      :name "Lanczos kernel"
      :precision binary32
      :pre (and (and (<= 1e-5 x) (<= x 1.0)) (and (<= 1.0 tau) (<= tau 5.0)))
      (* (/ (sin (* (* x (PI)) tau)) (* (* x (PI)) tau)) (/ (sin (* x (PI))) (* x (PI)))))