HairBSDF, Mp, upper

Percentage Accurate: 98.6% → 98.5%
Time: 13.8s
Alternatives: 13
Speedup: N/A×

Specification

?
\[\left(\left(\left(\left(\left(-1 \leq cosTheta\_i \land cosTheta\_i \leq 1\right) \land \left(-1 \leq cosTheta\_O \land cosTheta\_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta\_i \land sinTheta\_i \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta\_O \land sinTheta\_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land 0.1 < v\right) \land v \leq 1.5707964\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
  (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(-((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 13 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 98.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
  (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(-((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 98.5% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* (/ cosTheta_O v) (* (/ (/ 0.5 v) (sinh (/ 1.0 v))) cosTheta_i)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (cosTheta_O / v) * (((0.5f / v) / sinhf((1.0f / v))) * cosTheta_i);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (costheta_o / v) * (((0.5e0 / v) / sinh((1.0e0 / v))) * costheta_i)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O / v) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) / sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v))) * cosTheta_i))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (cosTheta_O / v) * (((single(0.5) / v) / sinh((single(1.0) / v))) * cosTheta_i);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.7%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. remove-double-divN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    3. lift-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    4. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    5. lower-/.f3298.9

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    6. lift-*.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
    8. lower-*.f3298.9

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites98.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
  5. Applied rewrites98.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_i}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    2. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    3. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    4. lower--.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    5. lower-exp.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    6. lower-/.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    7. rec-expN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    8. lower-exp.f32N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    9. distribute-neg-fracN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    10. metadata-evalN/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    11. lower-/.f3298.8

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
  8. Applied rewrites98.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Applied rewrites98.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 2: 98.5% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
     :precision binary32
     (* (* (/ (/ 0.5 v) (sinh (/ 1.0 v))) (/ cosTheta_O v)) cosTheta_i))
    float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
    	return (((0.5f / v) / sinhf((1.0f / v))) * (cosTheta_O / v)) * cosTheta_i;
    }
    
    real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
        real(4), intent (in) :: v
        code = (((0.5e0 / v) / sinh((1.0e0 / v))) * (costheta_o / v)) * costheta_i
    end function
    
    function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) / sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v))) * Float32(cosTheta_O / v)) * cosTheta_i)
    end
    
    function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	tmp = (((single(0.5) / v) / sinh((single(1.0) / v))) * (cosTheta_O / v)) * cosTheta_i;
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.7%

      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
      2. remove-double-divN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
      3. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
      4. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
      5. lower-/.f3298.9

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
      6. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
      8. lower-*.f3298.9

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites98.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_i}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      2. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      3. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      4. lower--.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      5. lower-exp.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      6. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      7. rec-expN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      8. lower-exp.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      9. distribute-neg-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      10. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      11. lower-/.f3298.8

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    8. Applied rewrites98.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \]
      2. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \]
      3. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i} \]
      4. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i} \]
    10. Applied rewrites98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot cosTheta\_i} \]
    11. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 3: 98.5% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
     :precision binary32
     (* cosTheta_O (/ (* (/ (/ 0.5 v) (sinh (/ 1.0 v))) cosTheta_i) v)))
    float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
    	return cosTheta_O * ((((0.5f / v) / sinhf((1.0f / v))) * cosTheta_i) / v);
    }
    
    real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
        real(4), intent (in) :: v
        code = costheta_o * ((((0.5e0 / v) / sinh((1.0e0 / v))) * costheta_i) / v)
    end function
    
    function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	return Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / v) / sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v))) * cosTheta_i) / v))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	tmp = cosTheta_O * ((((single(0.5) / v) / sinh((single(1.0) / v))) * cosTheta_i) / v);
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.7%

      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
      2. remove-double-divN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
      3. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
      4. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
      5. lower-/.f3298.9

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
      6. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
      8. lower-*.f3298.9

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites98.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{{\left(e^{sinTheta\_i}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      2. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      3. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      4. lower--.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      5. lower-exp.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      6. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      7. rec-expN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      8. lower-exp.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      9. distribute-neg-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      10. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      11. lower-/.f3298.8

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    8. Applied rewrites98.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \]
      2. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)}{v}} \]
      4. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
      5. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
      6. lower-/.f3298.8

        \[\leadsto cosTheta\_O \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{1}{v}}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    10. Applied rewrites98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{0.5}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
    11. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 4: 98.3% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{1}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right) \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
     :precision binary32
     (* cosTheta_i (* cosTheta_O (/ 1.0 (* (* v (* 2.0 v)) (sinh (/ 1.0 v)))))))
    float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
    	return cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O * (1.0f / ((v * (2.0f * v)) * sinhf((1.0f / v)))));
    }
    
    real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
        real(4), intent (in) :: v
        code = costheta_i * (costheta_o * (1.0e0 / ((v * (2.0e0 * v)) * sinh((1.0e0 / v)))))
    end function
    
    function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	return Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(v * Float32(Float32(2.0) * v)) * sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v))))))
    end
    
    function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	tmp = cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O * (single(1.0) / ((v * (single(2.0) * v)) * sinh((single(1.0) / v)))));
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{1}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 98.7%

      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
      2. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
      3. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      5. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      6. lift-exp.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      7. lift-neg.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      8. exp-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      9. frac-timesN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      10. frac-timesN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot 1}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
      11. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)} \cdot 1}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
      12. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
      13. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left({\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}}} \]
      2. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}}} \]
      3. lower--.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)} \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
      4. lower-exp.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
      5. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
      6. rec-expN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
      7. distribute-neg-fracN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
      8. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
      9. lower-exp.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
      10. lower-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
      11. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
      12. lower-*.f3298.6

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    7. Applied rewrites98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
      2. div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
      3. lift-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)} \]
      5. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{1}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}\right)} \]
      6. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{1}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}\right)} \]
      7. lower-*.f32N/A

        \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{1}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}\right)} \]
    9. Applied rewrites98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \left(cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{1}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
    10. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 5: 71.9% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;v \leq 0.4620000123977661:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - 1\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\frac{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2}{v} \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
     :precision binary32
     (if (<= v 0.4620000123977661)
       (/ (* cosTheta_O cosTheta_i) (* (- (exp (/ 1.0 v)) 1.0) (* v v)))
       (/
        (* cosTheta_O cosTheta_i)
        (* (/ (+ (/ 0.3333333333333333 (* v v)) 2.0) v) (* v v)))))
    float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
    	float tmp;
    	if (v <= 0.4620000123977661f) {
    		tmp = (cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / ((expf((1.0f / v)) - 1.0f) * (v * v));
    	} else {
    		tmp = (cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / ((((0.3333333333333333f / (v * v)) + 2.0f) / v) * (v * v));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
        real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
        real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
        real(4), intent (in) :: v
        real(4) :: tmp
        if (v <= 0.4620000123977661e0) then
            tmp = (costheta_o * costheta_i) / ((exp((1.0e0 / v)) - 1.0e0) * (v * v))
        else
            tmp = (costheta_o * costheta_i) / ((((0.3333333333333333e0 / (v * v)) + 2.0e0) / v) * (v * v))
        end if
        code = tmp
    end function
    
    function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	tmp = Float32(0.0)
    	if (v <= Float32(0.4620000123977661))
    		tmp = Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) - Float32(1.0)) * Float32(v * v)));
    	else
    		tmp = Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / Float32(v * v)) + Float32(2.0)) / v) * Float32(v * v)));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
    	tmp = single(0.0);
    	if (v <= single(0.4620000123977661))
    		tmp = (cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / ((exp((single(1.0) / v)) - single(1.0)) * (v * v));
    	else
    		tmp = (cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / ((((single(0.3333333333333333) / (v * v)) + single(2.0)) / v) * (v * v));
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;v \leq 0.4620000123977661:\\
    \;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - 1\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\frac{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2}{v} \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if v < 0.462000012

      1. Initial program 98.4%

        \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
        2. div-invN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
        3. lift-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        4. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        5. lift-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        6. lift-exp.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        7. lift-neg.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        8. exp-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        9. frac-timesN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        10. frac-timesN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot 1}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
        11. *-rgt-identityN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)} \cdot 1}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
        12. *-rgt-identityN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
        13. lower-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
      4. Applied rewrites98.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left({\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}}} \]
        2. lower-*.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}}} \]
        3. lower--.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)} \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
        4. lower-exp.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
        5. lower-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
        6. rec-expN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
        7. distribute-neg-fracN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
        8. metadata-evalN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
        9. lower-exp.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
        10. lower-/.f32N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
        11. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
        12. lower-*.f3298.5

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
      7. Applied rewrites98.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
      8. Taylor expanded in v around inf

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - 1\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)} \]
      9. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites74.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - 1\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)} \]

        if 0.462000012 < v

        1. Initial program 99.0%

          \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
          2. div-invN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
          3. lift-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          4. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          5. lift-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          6. lift-exp.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          7. lift-neg.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          8. exp-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          9. frac-timesN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          10. frac-timesN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot 1}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
          11. *-rgt-identityN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)} \cdot 1}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
          12. *-rgt-identityN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
          13. lower-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
        4. Applied rewrites99.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left({\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}}} \]
          2. lower-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}}} \]
          3. lower--.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)} \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          4. lower-exp.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          5. lower-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          6. rec-expN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          7. distribute-neg-fracN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          8. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          9. lower-exp.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          10. lower-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          11. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
          12. lower-*.f3298.9

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
        7. Applied rewrites98.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
        8. Taylor expanded in v around inf

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\frac{2 + \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{v} \cdot v\right)} \]
        9. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites72.7%

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\frac{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2}{v} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{v} \cdot v\right)} \]
        10. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        11. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 6: 98.4% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_O \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
         :precision binary32
         (* (/ cosTheta_i (* (* v (* 2.0 v)) (sinh (/ 1.0 v)))) cosTheta_O))
        float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
        	return (cosTheta_i / ((v * (2.0f * v)) * sinhf((1.0f / v)))) * cosTheta_O;
        }
        
        real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
            real(4), intent (in) :: v
            code = (costheta_i / ((v * (2.0e0 * v)) * sinh((1.0e0 / v)))) * costheta_o
        end function
        
        function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
        	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i / Float32(Float32(v * Float32(Float32(2.0) * v)) * sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)))) * cosTheta_O)
        end
        
        function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
        	tmp = (cosTheta_i / ((v * (single(2.0) * v)) * sinh((single(1.0) / v)))) * cosTheta_O;
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_O
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.7%

          \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
          2. div-invN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
          3. lift-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          4. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          5. lift-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          6. lift-exp.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          7. lift-neg.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          8. exp-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          9. frac-timesN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          10. frac-timesN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot 1}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
          11. *-rgt-identityN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)} \cdot 1}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
          12. *-rgt-identityN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
          13. lower-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
        4. Applied rewrites98.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left({\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}}} \]
          2. lower-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}}} \]
          3. lower--.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)} \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          4. lower-exp.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          5. lower-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          6. rec-expN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          7. distribute-neg-fracN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          8. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          9. lower-exp.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          10. lower-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          11. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
          12. lower-*.f3298.6

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
        7. Applied rewrites98.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
        8. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
          2. lift-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)} \]
          3. associate-/l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
          4. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_O} \]
          5. lower-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_O} \]
        9. Applied rewrites98.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot cosTheta\_O} \]
        10. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 7: 98.4% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
         :precision binary32
         (* cosTheta_i (/ cosTheta_O (* (* v (* 2.0 v)) (sinh (/ 1.0 v))))))
        float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
        	return cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O / ((v * (2.0f * v)) * sinhf((1.0f / v))));
        }
        
        real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
            real(4), intent (in) :: v
            code = costheta_i * (costheta_o / ((v * (2.0e0 * v)) * sinh((1.0e0 / v))))
        end function
        
        function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
        	return Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(cosTheta_O / Float32(Float32(v * Float32(Float32(2.0) * v)) * sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)))))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
        	tmp = cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O / ((v * (single(2.0) * v)) * sinh((single(1.0) / v))));
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.7%

          \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
          2. div-invN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
          3. lift-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          4. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          5. lift-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          6. lift-exp.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          7. lift-neg.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          8. exp-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          9. frac-timesN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          10. frac-timesN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot 1}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
          11. *-rgt-identityN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)} \cdot 1}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
          12. *-rgt-identityN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
          13. lower-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
        4. Applied rewrites98.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left({\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}}} \]
          2. lower-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}}} \]
          3. lower--.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)} \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          4. lower-exp.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          5. lower-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          6. rec-expN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          7. distribute-neg-fracN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          8. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          9. lower-exp.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          10. lower-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
          11. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
          12. lower-*.f3298.6

            \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
        7. Applied rewrites98.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
        8. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
          2. lift-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)} \]
          3. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)} \]
          4. associate-/l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
          5. lower-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
          6. lower-/.f3298.7

            \[\leadsto cosTheta\_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
        9. Applied rewrites98.8%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O}{\left(v \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
        10. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 8: 63.8% accurate, 3.0× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{v \cdot v} + 1}{v}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
         :precision binary32
         (/
          (* 1.0 (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
          (/ (* 2.0 (/ (+ (/ 0.16666666666666666 (* v v)) 1.0) v)) (/ 1.0 v))))
        float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
        	return (1.0f * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((2.0f * (((0.16666666666666666f / (v * v)) + 1.0f) / v)) / (1.0f / v));
        }
        
        real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
            real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
            real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
            real(4), intent (in) :: v
            code = (1.0e0 * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((2.0e0 * (((0.16666666666666666e0 / (v * v)) + 1.0e0) / v)) / (1.0e0 / v))
        end function
        
        function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
        	return Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(v * v)) + Float32(1.0)) / v)) / Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
        	tmp = (single(1.0) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((single(2.0) * (((single(0.16666666666666666) / (v * v)) + single(1.0)) / v)) / (single(1.0) / v));
        end
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{v \cdot v} + 1}{v}}{\frac{1}{v}}}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 98.7%

          \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
          2. remove-double-divN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
          3. lift-/.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
          4. un-div-invN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
          5. lower-/.f3298.9

            \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
          6. lift-*.f32N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
          7. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
          8. lower-*.f3298.9

            \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
        4. Applied rewrites98.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites98.8%

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
          2. Taylor expanded in v around inf

            \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 + \frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{v}}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-/.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 + \frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}{v}}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
            2. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}} + 1}}{v}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
            3. lower-+.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}} + 1}}{v}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
            4. associate-*r/N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{6} \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}} + 1}{v}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
            5. metadata-evalN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}}}{{v}^{2}} + 1}{v}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
            6. lower-/.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{6}}{{v}^{2}}} + 1}{v}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
            7. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{6}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} + 1}{v}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
            8. lower-*.f3266.3

              \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} + 1}{v}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
          4. Applied rewrites66.3%

            \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{v \cdot v} + 1}{v}}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
          5. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 9: 63.8% accurate, 5.2× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
           :precision binary32
           (/
            (* 1.0 (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
            (+ (/ 0.3333333333333333 (* v v)) 2.0)))
          float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
          	return (1.0f * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((0.3333333333333333f / (v * v)) + 2.0f);
          }
          
          real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
              real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
              real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
              real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
              real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
              real(4), intent (in) :: v
              code = (1.0e0 * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((0.3333333333333333e0 / (v * v)) + 2.0e0)
          end function
          
          function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
          	return Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / Float32(v * v)) + Float32(2.0)))
          end
          
          function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
          	tmp = (single(1.0) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((single(0.3333333333333333) / (v * v)) + single(2.0));
          end
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Initial program 98.7%

            \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-*.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
            2. remove-double-divN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
            3. lift-/.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
            4. un-div-invN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
            5. lower-/.f3298.9

              \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
            6. lift-*.f32N/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
            7. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
            8. lower-*.f3298.9

              \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
          4. Applied rewrites98.9%

            \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
          5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites98.8%

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}{\frac{1}{v}}} \]
            2. Taylor expanded in v around inf

              \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{2 + \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}} + 2}} \]
              2. lower-+.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}} + 2}} \]
              3. associate-*r/N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{3} \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}} + 2} \]
              4. metadata-evalN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}}{{v}^{2}} + 2} \]
              5. lower-/.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{{v}^{2}}} + 2} \]
              6. unpow2N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} + 2} \]
              7. lower-*.f3266.3

                \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} + 2} \]
            4. Applied rewrites66.3%

              \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2}} \]
            5. Add Preprocessing

            Alternative 10: 63.8% accurate, 6.6× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
            (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
             :precision binary32
             (/ (* cosTheta_O cosTheta_i) (* (+ (/ 0.3333333333333333 (* v v)) 2.0) v)))
            float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
            	return (cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / (((0.3333333333333333f / (v * v)) + 2.0f) * v);
            }
            
            real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
                real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
                real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                real(4), intent (in) :: v
                code = (costheta_o * costheta_i) / (((0.3333333333333333e0 / (v * v)) + 2.0e0) * v)
            end function
            
            function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
            	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / Float32(v * v)) + Float32(2.0)) * v))
            end
            
            function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
            	tmp = (cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / (((single(0.3333333333333333) / (v * v)) + single(2.0)) * v);
            end
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            
            \\
            \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2\right) \cdot v}
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Initial program 98.7%

              \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lift-/.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
              2. div-invN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
              3. lift-*.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
              4. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
              5. lift-/.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
              6. lift-exp.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
              7. lift-neg.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
              8. exp-negN/A

                \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
              9. frac-timesN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 1}{v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
              10. frac-timesN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot 1\right) \cdot 1}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
              11. *-rgt-identityN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O\right)} \cdot 1}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
              12. *-rgt-identityN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)} \]
              13. lower-/.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{\left(v \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)}} \]
            4. Applied rewrites98.7%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left({\left(e^{sinTheta\_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta\_i}{v}\right)} \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right)}} \]
            5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0

              \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
            6. Step-by-step derivation
              1. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}}} \]
              2. lower-*.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}}} \]
              3. lower--.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)} \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
              4. lower-exp.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(\color{blue}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
              5. lower-/.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{v}}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
              6. rec-expN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
              7. distribute-neg-fracN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
              8. metadata-evalN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
              9. lower-exp.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
              10. lower-/.f32N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} \]
              11. unpow2N/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
              12. lower-*.f3298.6

                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
            7. Applied rewrites98.6%

              \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right) \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
            8. Taylor expanded in v around inf

              \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 + \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right)}} \]
            9. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites66.3%

                \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{\left(\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v \cdot v} + 2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{v}} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 11: 58.6% accurate, 9.7× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.5}{\frac{v}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}} \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
               :precision binary32
               (/ 0.5 (/ v (* cosTheta_O cosTheta_i))))
              float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
              	return 0.5f / (v / (cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i));
              }
              
              real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
                  real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                  real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
                  real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                  real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                  real(4), intent (in) :: v
                  code = 0.5e0 / (v / (costheta_o * costheta_i))
              end function
              
              function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
              	return Float32(Float32(0.5) / Float32(v / Float32(cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i)))
              end
              
              function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
              	tmp = single(0.5) / (v / (cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i));
              end
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              \frac{0.5}{\frac{v}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Initial program 98.7%

                \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower-*.f32N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                2. lower-/.f32N/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                3. lower-*.f3260.7

                  \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v} \]
              5. Applied rewrites60.7%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
              6. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites61.5%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{\frac{v}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing

                Alternative 12: 58.1% accurate, 12.4× speedup?

                \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v} \end{array} \]
                (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                 :precision binary32
                 (/ (* (* 0.5 cosTheta_i) cosTheta_O) v))
                float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
                	return ((0.5f * cosTheta_i) * cosTheta_O) / v;
                }
                
                real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
                    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
                    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                    real(4), intent (in) :: v
                    code = ((0.5e0 * costheta_i) * costheta_o) / v
                end function
                
                function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) * cosTheta_i) * cosTheta_O) / v)
                end
                
                function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                	tmp = ((single(0.5) * cosTheta_i) * cosTheta_O) / v;
                end
                
                \begin{array}{l}
                
                \\
                \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}
                \end{array}
                
                Derivation
                1. Initial program 98.7%

                  \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. lower-*.f32N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                  2. lower-/.f32N/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                  3. lower-*.f3260.7

                    \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v} \]
                5. Applied rewrites60.7%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                6. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites60.7%

                    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{v} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i\right)} \]
                  2. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites60.7%

                      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot cosTheta\_O\right) \cdot \color{blue}{cosTheta\_i} \]
                    2. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites60.8%

                        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta\_i\right) \cdot cosTheta\_O}{\color{blue}{v}} \]
                      2. Add Preprocessing

                      Alternative 13: 58.1% accurate, 12.4× speedup?

                      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v} \end{array} \]
                      (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                       :precision binary32
                       (* 0.5 (/ (* cosTheta_O cosTheta_i) v)))
                      float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
                      	return 0.5f * ((cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / v);
                      }
                      
                      real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
                          real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
                          real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
                          real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
                          real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
                          real(4), intent (in) :: v
                          code = 0.5e0 * ((costheta_o * costheta_i) / v)
                      end function
                      
                      function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                      	return Float32(Float32(0.5) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / v))
                      end
                      
                      function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
                      	tmp = single(0.5) * ((cosTheta_O * cosTheta_i) / v);
                      end
                      
                      \begin{array}{l}
                      
                      \\
                      0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}
                      \end{array}
                      
                      Derivation
                      1. Initial program 98.7%

                        \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta\_i \cdot sinTheta\_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_i \cdot cosTheta\_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
                      2. Add Preprocessing
                      3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. lower-*.f32N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                        2. lower-/.f32N/A

                          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                        3. lower-*.f3260.7

                          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}}{v} \]
                      5. Applied rewrites60.7%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta\_O \cdot cosTheta\_i}{v}} \]
                      6. Add Preprocessing

                      Reproduce

                      ?
                      herbie shell --seed 2024318 
                      (FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
                        :name "HairBSDF, Mp, upper"
                        :precision binary32
                        :pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_i) (<= cosTheta_i 1.0)) (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_O) (<= cosTheta_O 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_i) (<= sinTheta_i 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_O) (<= sinTheta_O 1.0))) (< 0.1 v)) (<= v 1.5707964))
                        (/ (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v)) (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))