Diagrams.ThreeD.Transform:aboutY from diagrams-lib-1.3.0.3

Percentage Accurate: 99.8% → 99.8%
Time: 7.5s
Alternatives: 7
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (+ (* x (cos y)) (* z (sin y))))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x * cos(y)) + (z * sin(y));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = (x * cos(y)) + (z * sin(y))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x * Math.cos(y)) + (z * Math.sin(y));
}
def code(x, y, z):
	return (x * math.cos(y)) + (z * math.sin(y))
function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(Float64(x * cos(y)) + Float64(z * sin(y)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = (x * cos(y)) + (z * sin(y));
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(N[(x * N[Cos[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(z * N[Sin[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 7 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (+ (* x (cos y)) (* z (sin y))))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x * cos(y)) + (z * sin(y));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = (x * cos(y)) + (z * sin(y))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x * Math.cos(y)) + (z * Math.sin(y));
}
def code(x, y, z):
	return (x * math.cos(y)) + (z * math.sin(y))
function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(Float64(x * cos(y)) + Float64(z * sin(y)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = (x * cos(y)) + (z * sin(y));
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(N[(x * N[Cos[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(z * N[Sin[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \cos y \cdot x\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (fma (sin y) z (* (cos y) x)))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return fma(sin(y), z, (cos(y) * x));
}
function code(x, y, z)
	return fma(sin(y), z, Float64(cos(y) * x))
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(N[Sin[y], $MachinePrecision] * z + N[(N[Cos[y], $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \cos y \cdot x\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.8%

    \[x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y} \]
    2. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \sin y + x \cdot \cos y} \]
    3. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \sin y} + x \cdot \cos y \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin y \cdot z} + x \cdot \cos y \]
    5. lower-fma.f6499.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, x \cdot \cos y\right)} \]
    6. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot \cos y}\right) \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{\cos y \cdot x}\right) \]
    8. lower-*.f6499.8

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{\cos y \cdot x}\right) \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \cos y \cdot x\right)} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 86.8% accurate, 1.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.1 \cdot 10^{+52} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{+69}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos y \cdot x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, 1 \cdot x\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= x -1.1e+52) (not (<= x 1.35e+69)))
   (* (cos y) x)
   (fma (sin y) z (* 1.0 x))))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -1.1e+52) || !(x <= 1.35e+69)) {
		tmp = cos(y) * x;
	} else {
		tmp = fma(sin(y), z, (1.0 * x));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((x <= -1.1e+52) || !(x <= 1.35e+69))
		tmp = Float64(cos(y) * x);
	else
		tmp = fma(sin(y), z, Float64(1.0 * x));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -1.1e+52], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 1.35e+69]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Cos[y], $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Sin[y], $MachinePrecision] * z + N[(1.0 * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.1 \cdot 10^{+52} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{+69}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\cos y \cdot x\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, 1 \cdot x\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < -1.1e52 or 1.3499999999999999e69 < x

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y} \]
      2. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \sin y + x \cdot \cos y} \]
      3. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \sin y} + x \cdot \cos y \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin y \cdot z} + x \cdot \cos y \]
      5. lower-fma.f6499.9

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, x \cdot \cos y\right)} \]
      6. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot \cos y}\right) \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{\cos y \cdot x}\right) \]
      8. lower-*.f6499.9

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{\cos y \cdot x}\right) \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \cos y \cdot x\right)} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\cos y + \frac{z \cdot \sin y}{x}\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos y + \frac{z \cdot \sin y}{x}\right) \cdot x} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos y + \frac{z \cdot \sin y}{x}\right) \cdot x} \]
      3. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{z \cdot \sin y}{x} + \cos y\right)} \cdot x \]
      4. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{z \cdot \frac{\sin y}{x}} + \cos y\right) \cdot x \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\sin y}{x} \cdot z} + \cos y\right) \cdot x \]
      6. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\sin y}{x}, z, \cos y\right)} \cdot x \]
      7. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\sin y}{x}}, z, \cos y\right) \cdot x \]
      8. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sin y}}{x}, z, \cos y\right) \cdot x \]
      9. lower-cos.f6499.8

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\sin y}{x}, z, \color{blue}{\cos y}\right) \cdot x \]
    7. Applied rewrites99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\sin y}{x}, z, \cos y\right) \cdot x} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in x around inf

      \[\leadsto \cos y \cdot x \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites90.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos y \cdot x \]

      if -1.1e52 < x < 1.3499999999999999e69

      1. Initial program 99.8%

        \[x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y} \]
        2. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \sin y + x \cdot \cos y} \]
        3. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \sin y} + x \cdot \cos y \]
        4. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin y \cdot z} + x \cdot \cos y \]
        5. lower-fma.f6499.8

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, x \cdot \cos y\right)} \]
        6. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot \cos y}\right) \]
        7. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{\cos y \cdot x}\right) \]
        8. lower-*.f6499.8

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{\cos y \cdot x}\right) \]
      4. Applied rewrites99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \cos y \cdot x\right)} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in y around 0

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{1} \cdot x\right) \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites90.2%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{1} \cdot x\right) \]
      7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      8. Final simplification90.4%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.1 \cdot 10^{+52} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{+69}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos y \cdot x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, 1 \cdot x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
      9. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 3: 74.3% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.46 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.52 \cdot 10^{-47}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos y \cdot x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin y \cdot z\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (x y z)
       :precision binary64
       (if (or (<= x -0.46) (not (<= x 1.52e-47))) (* (cos y) x) (* (sin y) z)))
      double code(double x, double y, double z) {
      	double tmp;
      	if ((x <= -0.46) || !(x <= 1.52e-47)) {
      		tmp = cos(y) * x;
      	} else {
      		tmp = sin(y) * z;
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(x, y, z)
          real(8), intent (in) :: x
          real(8), intent (in) :: y
          real(8), intent (in) :: z
          real(8) :: tmp
          if ((x <= (-0.46d0)) .or. (.not. (x <= 1.52d-47))) then
              tmp = cos(y) * x
          else
              tmp = sin(y) * z
          end if
          code = tmp
      end function
      
      public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
      	double tmp;
      	if ((x <= -0.46) || !(x <= 1.52e-47)) {
      		tmp = Math.cos(y) * x;
      	} else {
      		tmp = Math.sin(y) * z;
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      def code(x, y, z):
      	tmp = 0
      	if (x <= -0.46) or not (x <= 1.52e-47):
      		tmp = math.cos(y) * x
      	else:
      		tmp = math.sin(y) * z
      	return tmp
      
      function code(x, y, z)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if ((x <= -0.46) || !(x <= 1.52e-47))
      		tmp = Float64(cos(y) * x);
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(sin(y) * z);
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
      	tmp = 0.0;
      	if ((x <= -0.46) || ~((x <= 1.52e-47)))
      		tmp = cos(y) * x;
      	else
      		tmp = sin(y) * z;
      	end
      	tmp_2 = tmp;
      end
      
      code[x_, y_, z_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -0.46], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 1.52e-47]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Cos[y], $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Sin[y], $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.46 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.52 \cdot 10^{-47}\right):\\
      \;\;\;\;\cos y \cdot x\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\sin y \cdot z\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 2 regimes
      2. if x < -0.46000000000000002 or 1.52000000000000001e-47 < x

        1. Initial program 99.8%

          \[x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y} \]
          2. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \sin y + x \cdot \cos y} \]
          3. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \sin y} + x \cdot \cos y \]
          4. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin y \cdot z} + x \cdot \cos y \]
          5. lower-fma.f6499.9

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, x \cdot \cos y\right)} \]
          6. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot \cos y}\right) \]
          7. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{\cos y \cdot x}\right) \]
          8. lower-*.f6499.9

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{\cos y \cdot x}\right) \]
        4. Applied rewrites99.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \cos y \cdot x\right)} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in x around inf

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\cos y + \frac{z \cdot \sin y}{x}\right)} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos y + \frac{z \cdot \sin y}{x}\right) \cdot x} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos y + \frac{z \cdot \sin y}{x}\right) \cdot x} \]
          3. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{z \cdot \sin y}{x} + \cos y\right)} \cdot x \]
          4. associate-/l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{z \cdot \frac{\sin y}{x}} + \cos y\right) \cdot x \]
          5. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\sin y}{x} \cdot z} + \cos y\right) \cdot x \]
          6. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\sin y}{x}, z, \cos y\right)} \cdot x \]
          7. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\sin y}{x}}, z, \cos y\right) \cdot x \]
          8. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sin y}}{x}, z, \cos y\right) \cdot x \]
          9. lower-cos.f6499.8

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\sin y}{x}, z, \color{blue}{\cos y}\right) \cdot x \]
        7. Applied rewrites99.8%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\sin y}{x}, z, \cos y\right) \cdot x} \]
        8. Taylor expanded in x around inf

          \[\leadsto \cos y \cdot x \]
        9. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites85.2%

            \[\leadsto \cos y \cdot x \]

          if -0.46000000000000002 < x < 1.52000000000000001e-47

          1. Initial program 99.7%

            \[x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \sin y} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin y \cdot z} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin y \cdot z} \]
            3. lower-sin.f6474.6

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin y} \cdot z \]
          5. Applied rewrites74.6%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin y \cdot z} \]
        10. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        11. Final simplification80.6%

          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.46 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.52 \cdot 10^{-47}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos y \cdot x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin y \cdot z\\ \end{array} \]
        12. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 4: 75.2% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -0.0027 \lor \neg \left(y \leq 5500000\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\sin y \cdot z\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(y \cdot x, -0.5, z\right), y, x\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (x y z)
         :precision binary64
         (if (or (<= y -0.0027) (not (<= y 5500000.0)))
           (* (sin y) z)
           (fma (fma (* y x) -0.5 z) y x)))
        double code(double x, double y, double z) {
        	double tmp;
        	if ((y <= -0.0027) || !(y <= 5500000.0)) {
        		tmp = sin(y) * z;
        	} else {
        		tmp = fma(fma((y * x), -0.5, z), y, x);
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        function code(x, y, z)
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if ((y <= -0.0027) || !(y <= 5500000.0))
        		tmp = Float64(sin(y) * z);
        	else
        		tmp = fma(fma(Float64(y * x), -0.5, z), y, x);
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        code[x_, y_, z_] := If[Or[LessEqual[y, -0.0027], N[Not[LessEqual[y, 5500000.0]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Sin[y], $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(y * x), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5 + z), $MachinePrecision] * y + x), $MachinePrecision]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -0.0027 \lor \neg \left(y \leq 5500000\right):\\
        \;\;\;\;\sin y \cdot z\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(y \cdot x, -0.5, z\right), y, x\right)\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 2 regimes
        2. if y < -0.0027000000000000001 or 5.5e6 < y

          1. Initial program 99.6%

            \[x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in x around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \sin y} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin y \cdot z} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin y \cdot z} \]
            3. lower-sin.f6457.8

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin y} \cdot z \]
          5. Applied rewrites57.8%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin y \cdot z} \]

          if -0.0027000000000000001 < y < 5.5e6

          1. Initial program 100.0%

            \[x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in y around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y \cdot \left(z + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)\right)} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(z + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)\right) + x} \]
            2. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(z + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)\right) \cdot y} + x \]
            3. lower-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right), y, x\right)} \]
            4. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right) + z}, y, x\right) \]
            5. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{2}} + z, y, x\right) \]
            6. lower-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot y, \frac{-1}{2}, z\right)}, y, x\right) \]
            7. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot x}, \frac{-1}{2}, z\right), y, x\right) \]
            8. lower-*.f6496.4

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot x}, -0.5, z\right), y, x\right) \]
          5. Applied rewrites96.4%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(y \cdot x, -0.5, z\right), y, x\right)} \]
        3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        4. Final simplification76.3%

          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -0.0027 \lor \neg \left(y \leq 5500000\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\sin y \cdot z\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(y \cdot x, -0.5, z\right), y, x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
        5. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 5: 42.9% accurate, 11.9× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -3.8 \cdot 10^{-164} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.75 \cdot 10^{-158}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;z \cdot y\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (x y z)
         :precision binary64
         (if (or (<= x -3.8e-164) (not (<= x 1.75e-158))) (* 1.0 x) (* z y)))
        double code(double x, double y, double z) {
        	double tmp;
        	if ((x <= -3.8e-164) || !(x <= 1.75e-158)) {
        		tmp = 1.0 * x;
        	} else {
        		tmp = z * y;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        real(8) function code(x, y, z)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            real(8), intent (in) :: z
            real(8) :: tmp
            if ((x <= (-3.8d-164)) .or. (.not. (x <= 1.75d-158))) then
                tmp = 1.0d0 * x
            else
                tmp = z * y
            end if
            code = tmp
        end function
        
        public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
        	double tmp;
        	if ((x <= -3.8e-164) || !(x <= 1.75e-158)) {
        		tmp = 1.0 * x;
        	} else {
        		tmp = z * y;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        def code(x, y, z):
        	tmp = 0
        	if (x <= -3.8e-164) or not (x <= 1.75e-158):
        		tmp = 1.0 * x
        	else:
        		tmp = z * y
        	return tmp
        
        function code(x, y, z)
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if ((x <= -3.8e-164) || !(x <= 1.75e-158))
        		tmp = Float64(1.0 * x);
        	else
        		tmp = Float64(z * y);
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
        	tmp = 0.0;
        	if ((x <= -3.8e-164) || ~((x <= 1.75e-158)))
        		tmp = 1.0 * x;
        	else
        		tmp = z * y;
        	end
        	tmp_2 = tmp;
        end
        
        code[x_, y_, z_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -3.8e-164], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 1.75e-158]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(1.0 * x), $MachinePrecision], N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -3.8 \cdot 10^{-164} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.75 \cdot 10^{-158}\right):\\
        \;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;z \cdot y\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 2 regimes
        2. if x < -3.79999999999999989e-164 or 1.75000000000000006e-158 < x

          1. Initial program 99.8%

            \[x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y} \]
            2. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \sin y + x \cdot \cos y} \]
            3. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \sin y} + x \cdot \cos y \]
            4. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin y \cdot z} + x \cdot \cos y \]
            5. lower-fma.f6499.8

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, x \cdot \cos y\right)} \]
            6. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{x \cdot \cos y}\right) \]
            7. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{\cos y \cdot x}\right) \]
            8. lower-*.f6499.8

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \color{blue}{\cos y \cdot x}\right) \]
          4. Applied rewrites99.8%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin y, z, \cos y \cdot x\right)} \]
          5. Taylor expanded in x around inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\cos y + \frac{z \cdot \sin y}{x}\right)} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos y + \frac{z \cdot \sin y}{x}\right) \cdot x} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos y + \frac{z \cdot \sin y}{x}\right) \cdot x} \]
            3. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{z \cdot \sin y}{x} + \cos y\right)} \cdot x \]
            4. associate-/l*N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{z \cdot \frac{\sin y}{x}} + \cos y\right) \cdot x \]
            5. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\sin y}{x} \cdot z} + \cos y\right) \cdot x \]
            6. lower-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\sin y}{x}, z, \cos y\right)} \cdot x \]
            7. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\sin y}{x}}, z, \cos y\right) \cdot x \]
            8. lower-sin.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sin y}}{x}, z, \cos y\right) \cdot x \]
            9. lower-cos.f6497.4

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\sin y}{x}, z, \color{blue}{\cos y}\right) \cdot x \]
          7. Applied rewrites97.4%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\sin y}{x}, z, \cos y\right) \cdot x} \]
          8. Taylor expanded in y around 0

            \[\leadsto 1 \cdot x \]
          9. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites47.0%

              \[\leadsto 1 \cdot x \]

            if -3.79999999999999989e-164 < x < 1.75000000000000006e-158

            1. Initial program 99.8%

              \[x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in y around 0

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y \cdot z} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot z + x} \]
              2. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot y} + x \]
              3. lower-fma.f6442.5

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]
            5. Applied rewrites42.5%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]
            6. Taylor expanded in x around 0

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \color{blue}{z} \]
            7. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites33.2%

                \[\leadsto z \cdot \color{blue}{y} \]
            8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
            9. Final simplification43.8%

              \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -3.8 \cdot 10^{-164} \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.75 \cdot 10^{-158}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;z \cdot y\\ \end{array} \]
            10. Add Preprocessing

            Alternative 6: 53.4% accurate, 30.6× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right) \end{array} \]
            (FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (fma z y x))
            double code(double x, double y, double z) {
            	return fma(z, y, x);
            }
            
            function code(x, y, z)
            	return fma(z, y, x)
            end
            
            code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(z * y + x), $MachinePrecision]
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            
            \\
            \mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Initial program 99.8%

              \[x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in y around 0

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y \cdot z} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot z + x} \]
              2. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot y} + x \]
              3. lower-fma.f6448.8

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]
            5. Applied rewrites48.8%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]
            6. Final simplification48.8%

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right) \]
            7. Add Preprocessing

            Alternative 7: 17.4% accurate, 35.7× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ z \cdot y \end{array} \]
            (FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (* z y))
            double code(double x, double y, double z) {
            	return z * y;
            }
            
            real(8) function code(x, y, z)
                real(8), intent (in) :: x
                real(8), intent (in) :: y
                real(8), intent (in) :: z
                code = z * y
            end function
            
            public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
            	return z * y;
            }
            
            def code(x, y, z):
            	return z * y
            
            function code(x, y, z)
            	return Float64(z * y)
            end
            
            function tmp = code(x, y, z)
            	tmp = z * y;
            end
            
            code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            
            \\
            z \cdot y
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Initial program 99.8%

              \[x \cdot \cos y + z \cdot \sin y \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in y around 0

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + y \cdot z} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot z + x} \]
              2. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot y} + x \]
              3. lower-fma.f6448.8

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]
            5. Applied rewrites48.8%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(z, y, x\right)} \]
            6. Taylor expanded in x around 0

              \[\leadsto y \cdot \color{blue}{z} \]
            7. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites14.0%

                \[\leadsto z \cdot \color{blue}{y} \]
              2. Final simplification14.0%

                \[\leadsto z \cdot y \]
              3. Add Preprocessing

              Reproduce

              ?
              herbie shell --seed 2024313 
              (FPCore (x y z)
                :name "Diagrams.ThreeD.Transform:aboutY from diagrams-lib-1.3.0.3"
                :precision binary64
                (+ (* x (cos y)) (* z (sin y))))