1/2(abs(p)+abs(r) - sqrt((p-r)^2 + 4q^2))

Percentage Accurate: 24.3% → 70.3%
Time: 9.6s
Alternatives: 6
Speedup: 83.3×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (p r q)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (/ 1.0 2.0)
  (- (+ (fabs p) (fabs r)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- p r) 2.0) (* 4.0 (pow q 2.0)))))))
double code(double p, double r, double q) {
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((fabs(p) + fabs(r)) - sqrt((pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * pow(q, 2.0)))));
}
real(8) function code(p, r, q)
    real(8), intent (in) :: p
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    real(8), intent (in) :: q
    code = (1.0d0 / 2.0d0) * ((abs(p) + abs(r)) - sqrt((((p - r) ** 2.0d0) + (4.0d0 * (q ** 2.0d0)))))
end function
public static double code(double p, double r, double q) {
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((Math.abs(p) + Math.abs(r)) - Math.sqrt((Math.pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * Math.pow(q, 2.0)))));
}
def code(p, r, q):
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((math.fabs(p) + math.fabs(r)) - math.sqrt((math.pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * math.pow(q, 2.0)))))
function code(p, r, q)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / 2.0) * Float64(Float64(abs(p) + abs(r)) - sqrt(Float64((Float64(p - r) ^ 2.0) + Float64(4.0 * (q ^ 2.0))))))
end
function tmp = code(p, r, q)
	tmp = (1.0 / 2.0) * ((abs(p) + abs(r)) - sqrt((((p - r) ^ 2.0) + (4.0 * (q ^ 2.0)))));
end
code[p_, r_, q_] := N[(N[(1.0 / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(p - r), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(4.0 * N[Power[q, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 6 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 24.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (p r q)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (/ 1.0 2.0)
  (- (+ (fabs p) (fabs r)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- p r) 2.0) (* 4.0 (pow q 2.0)))))))
double code(double p, double r, double q) {
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((fabs(p) + fabs(r)) - sqrt((pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * pow(q, 2.0)))));
}
real(8) function code(p, r, q)
    real(8), intent (in) :: p
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    real(8), intent (in) :: q
    code = (1.0d0 / 2.0d0) * ((abs(p) + abs(r)) - sqrt((((p - r) ** 2.0d0) + (4.0d0 * (q ** 2.0d0)))))
end function
public static double code(double p, double r, double q) {
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((Math.abs(p) + Math.abs(r)) - Math.sqrt((Math.pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * Math.pow(q, 2.0)))));
}
def code(p, r, q):
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((math.fabs(p) + math.fabs(r)) - math.sqrt((math.pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * math.pow(q, 2.0)))))
function code(p, r, q)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / 2.0) * Float64(Float64(abs(p) + abs(r)) - sqrt(Float64((Float64(p - r) ^ 2.0) + Float64(4.0 * (q ^ 2.0))))))
end
function tmp = code(p, r, q)
	tmp = (1.0 / 2.0) * ((abs(p) + abs(r)) - sqrt((((p - r) ^ 2.0) + (4.0 * (q ^ 2.0)))));
end
code[p_, r_, q_] := N[(N[(1.0 / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(p - r), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(4.0 * N[Power[q, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 70.3% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 10^{-186}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\left(p + \left|p\right|\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+275}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-2 \cdot \left(q\_m \cdot q\_m\right)}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q\_m \cdot q\_m, 4, p \cdot p\right)} + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - q\_m \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (p r q_m)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (pow q_m 2.0) 1e-186)
   (* 0.5 (+ (+ p (fabs p)) (- (fabs r) r)))
   (if (<= (pow q_m 2.0) 5e+275)
     (/
      (* -2.0 (* q_m q_m))
      (+ (sqrt (fma (* q_m q_m) 4.0 (* p p))) (+ (fabs p) (fabs r))))
     (* (- (+ (fabs r) (fabs p)) (* q_m 2.0)) 0.5))))
q_m = fabs(q);
assert(p < r && r < q_m);
double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 1e-186) {
		tmp = 0.5 * ((p + fabs(p)) + (fabs(r) - r));
	} else if (pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 5e+275) {
		tmp = (-2.0 * (q_m * q_m)) / (sqrt(fma((q_m * q_m), 4.0, (p * p))) + (fabs(p) + fabs(r)));
	} else {
		tmp = ((fabs(r) + fabs(p)) - (q_m * 2.0)) * 0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}
q_m = abs(q)
p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
function code(p, r, q_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 1e-186)
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(Float64(p + abs(p)) + Float64(abs(r) - r)));
	elseif ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 5e+275)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-2.0 * Float64(q_m * q_m)) / Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(q_m * q_m), 4.0, Float64(p * p))) + Float64(abs(p) + abs(r))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(abs(r) + abs(p)) - Float64(q_m * 2.0)) * 0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end
q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[N[Power[q$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision], 1e-186], N[(0.5 * N[(N[(p + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] - r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[Power[q$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision], 5e+275], N[(N[(-2.0 * N[(q$95$m * q$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(q$95$m * q$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * 4.0 + N[(p * p), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(q$95$m * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
q_m = \left|q\right|
\\
[p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 10^{-186}:\\
\;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\left(p + \left|p\right|\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{elif}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+275}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-2 \cdot \left(q\_m \cdot q\_m\right)}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q\_m \cdot q\_m, 4, p \cdot p\right)} + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - q\_m \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.5\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64)) < 9.9999999999999991e-187

    1. Initial program 20.0%

      \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot q} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(q\right)} \]
      2. lower-neg.f647.7

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
    5. Applied rewrites7.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in p around -inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(p \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(p \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
      2. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot p}\right) \]
      3. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)} \]
      4. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
      5. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
      6. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} \cdot \frac{-1}{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
      8. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} \cdot \frac{-1}{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2}}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
      9. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
      10. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p}}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
      11. associate--l+N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
      12. lower-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
      13. lower-fabs.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right|} + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
      14. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
      15. lower-fabs.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
      16. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)} \]
      17. lower-neg.f6433.5

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, -0.5, -0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-p\right)} \]
    8. Applied rewrites33.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, -0.5, -0.5\right) \cdot \left(-p\right)} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in p around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot p + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r\right)} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites45.3%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(p + \left|p\right|\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)\right)} \]

      if 9.9999999999999991e-187 < (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64)) < 5.0000000000000003e275

      1. Initial program 29.6%

        \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in r around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right)} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} \]
        2. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} \]
        3. lower--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        4. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        5. lower-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        6. lower-fabs.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        7. lower-fabs.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        8. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \color{blue}{\sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        9. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\color{blue}{{q}^{2} \cdot 4} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        10. lower-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({q}^{2}, 4, {p}^{2}\right)}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        11. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{q \cdot q}, 4, {p}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        12. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{q \cdot q}, 4, {p}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        13. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q \cdot q, 4, \color{blue}{p \cdot p}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
        14. lower-*.f6426.4

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q \cdot q, 4, \color{blue}{p \cdot p}\right)}\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
      5. Applied rewrites26.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q \cdot q, 4, p \cdot p\right)}\right) \cdot 0.5} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites26.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left({\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}^{2} - \mathsf{fma}\left(q \cdot q, 4, p \cdot p\right)\right) \cdot 0.5}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q \cdot q, 4, p \cdot p\right)} + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}} \]
        2. Taylor expanded in q around inf

          \[\leadsto \frac{-2 \cdot {q}^{2}}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q \cdot q, 4, p \cdot p\right)}} + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)} \]
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites41.7%

            \[\leadsto \frac{-2 \cdot \left(q \cdot q\right)}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q \cdot q, 4, p \cdot p\right)}} + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)} \]

          if 5.0000000000000003e275 < (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64))

          1. Initial program 11.7%

            \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in r around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right)} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} \]
            3. lower--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
            4. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
            5. lower-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
            6. lower-fabs.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
            7. lower-fabs.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
            8. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \color{blue}{\sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
            9. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\color{blue}{{q}^{2} \cdot 4} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
            10. lower-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({q}^{2}, 4, {p}^{2}\right)}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
            11. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{q \cdot q}, 4, {p}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
            12. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{q \cdot q}, 4, {p}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
            13. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q \cdot q, 4, \color{blue}{p \cdot p}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
            14. lower-*.f6411.7

              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q \cdot q, 4, \color{blue}{p \cdot p}\right)}\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
          5. Applied rewrites11.7%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q \cdot q, 4, p \cdot p\right)}\right) \cdot 0.5} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in p around 0

            \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - 2 \cdot q\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites45.5%

              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - q \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
          8. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
          9. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 2: 65.5% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 10^{+136}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\left(p + \left|p\right|\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - q\_m \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
          q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
          (FPCore (p r q_m)
           :precision binary64
           (if (<= (pow q_m 2.0) 1e+136)
             (* 0.5 (+ (+ p (fabs p)) (- (fabs r) r)))
             (* (- (+ (fabs r) (fabs p)) (* q_m 2.0)) 0.5)))
          q_m = fabs(q);
          assert(p < r && r < q_m);
          double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
          	double tmp;
          	if (pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 1e+136) {
          		tmp = 0.5 * ((p + fabs(p)) + (fabs(r) - r));
          	} else {
          		tmp = ((fabs(r) + fabs(p)) - (q_m * 2.0)) * 0.5;
          	}
          	return tmp;
          }
          
          q_m = abs(q)
          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
          real(8) function code(p, r, q_m)
              real(8), intent (in) :: p
              real(8), intent (in) :: r
              real(8), intent (in) :: q_m
              real(8) :: tmp
              if ((q_m ** 2.0d0) <= 1d+136) then
                  tmp = 0.5d0 * ((p + abs(p)) + (abs(r) - r))
              else
                  tmp = ((abs(r) + abs(p)) - (q_m * 2.0d0)) * 0.5d0
              end if
              code = tmp
          end function
          
          q_m = Math.abs(q);
          assert p < r && r < q_m;
          public static double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
          	double tmp;
          	if (Math.pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 1e+136) {
          		tmp = 0.5 * ((p + Math.abs(p)) + (Math.abs(r) - r));
          	} else {
          		tmp = ((Math.abs(r) + Math.abs(p)) - (q_m * 2.0)) * 0.5;
          	}
          	return tmp;
          }
          
          q_m = math.fabs(q)
          [p, r, q_m] = sort([p, r, q_m])
          def code(p, r, q_m):
          	tmp = 0
          	if math.pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 1e+136:
          		tmp = 0.5 * ((p + math.fabs(p)) + (math.fabs(r) - r))
          	else:
          		tmp = ((math.fabs(r) + math.fabs(p)) - (q_m * 2.0)) * 0.5
          	return tmp
          
          q_m = abs(q)
          p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
          function code(p, r, q_m)
          	tmp = 0.0
          	if ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 1e+136)
          		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(Float64(p + abs(p)) + Float64(abs(r) - r)));
          	else
          		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(abs(r) + abs(p)) - Float64(q_m * 2.0)) * 0.5);
          	end
          	return tmp
          end
          
          q_m = abs(q);
          p, r, q_m = num2cell(sort([p, r, q_m])){:}
          function tmp_2 = code(p, r, q_m)
          	tmp = 0.0;
          	if ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 1e+136)
          		tmp = 0.5 * ((p + abs(p)) + (abs(r) - r));
          	else
          		tmp = ((abs(r) + abs(p)) - (q_m * 2.0)) * 0.5;
          	end
          	tmp_2 = tmp;
          end
          
          q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
          code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[N[Power[q$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision], 1e+136], N[(0.5 * N[(N[(p + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] - r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(q$95$m * 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          q_m = \left|q\right|
          \\
          [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
          \\
          \begin{array}{l}
          \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 10^{+136}:\\
          \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\left(p + \left|p\right|\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)\right)\\
          
          \mathbf{else}:\\
          \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - q\_m \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.5\\
          
          
          \end{array}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Split input into 2 regimes
          2. if (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64)) < 1.00000000000000006e136

            1. Initial program 23.2%

              \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot q} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. mul-1-negN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(q\right)} \]
              2. lower-neg.f6411.1

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
            5. Applied rewrites11.1%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
            6. Taylor expanded in p around -inf

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(p \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
            7. Step-by-step derivation
              1. mul-1-negN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(p \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
              2. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot p}\right) \]
              3. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)} \]
              4. mul-1-negN/A

                \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
              5. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
              6. sub-negN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
              7. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} \cdot \frac{-1}{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
              8. metadata-evalN/A

                \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} \cdot \frac{-1}{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2}}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
              9. lower-fma.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
              10. lower-/.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p}}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
              11. associate--l+N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
              12. lower-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
              13. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right|} + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
              14. lower--.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
              15. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
              16. mul-1-negN/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)} \]
              17. lower-neg.f6425.0

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, -0.5, -0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-p\right)} \]
            8. Applied rewrites25.0%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, -0.5, -0.5\right) \cdot \left(-p\right)} \]
            9. Taylor expanded in p around 0

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot p + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r\right)} \]
            10. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites34.3%

                \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(p + \left|p\right|\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)\right)} \]

              if 1.00000000000000006e136 < (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64))

              1. Initial program 18.8%

                \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right)} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} \]
                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} \]
                3. lower--.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
                4. +-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
                5. lower-+.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
                6. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
                7. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}\right) - \sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
                8. lower-sqrt.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \color{blue}{\sqrt{4 \cdot {q}^{2} + {p}^{2}}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
                9. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\color{blue}{{q}^{2} \cdot 4} + {p}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
                10. lower-fma.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({q}^{2}, 4, {p}^{2}\right)}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
                11. unpow2N/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{q \cdot q}, 4, {p}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
                12. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{q \cdot q}, 4, {p}^{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
                13. unpow2N/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q \cdot q, 4, \color{blue}{p \cdot p}\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
                14. lower-*.f6417.2

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q \cdot q, 4, \color{blue}{p \cdot p}\right)}\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
              5. Applied rewrites17.2%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(q \cdot q, 4, p \cdot p\right)}\right) \cdot 0.5} \]
              6. Taylor expanded in p around 0

                \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - 2 \cdot q\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \]
              7. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites37.6%

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - q \cdot 2\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
              8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
              9. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 3: 65.8% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 10^{+136}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\left(p + \left|p\right|\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-q\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
              q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
              NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              (FPCore (p r q_m)
               :precision binary64
               (if (<= (pow q_m 2.0) 1e+136)
                 (* 0.5 (+ (+ p (fabs p)) (- (fabs r) r)))
                 (- q_m)))
              q_m = fabs(q);
              assert(p < r && r < q_m);
              double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
              	double tmp;
              	if (pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 1e+136) {
              		tmp = 0.5 * ((p + fabs(p)) + (fabs(r) - r));
              	} else {
              		tmp = -q_m;
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              q_m = abs(q)
              NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              real(8) function code(p, r, q_m)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: p
                  real(8), intent (in) :: r
                  real(8), intent (in) :: q_m
                  real(8) :: tmp
                  if ((q_m ** 2.0d0) <= 1d+136) then
                      tmp = 0.5d0 * ((p + abs(p)) + (abs(r) - r))
                  else
                      tmp = -q_m
                  end if
                  code = tmp
              end function
              
              q_m = Math.abs(q);
              assert p < r && r < q_m;
              public static double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
              	double tmp;
              	if (Math.pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 1e+136) {
              		tmp = 0.5 * ((p + Math.abs(p)) + (Math.abs(r) - r));
              	} else {
              		tmp = -q_m;
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              q_m = math.fabs(q)
              [p, r, q_m] = sort([p, r, q_m])
              def code(p, r, q_m):
              	tmp = 0
              	if math.pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 1e+136:
              		tmp = 0.5 * ((p + math.fabs(p)) + (math.fabs(r) - r))
              	else:
              		tmp = -q_m
              	return tmp
              
              q_m = abs(q)
              p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
              function code(p, r, q_m)
              	tmp = 0.0
              	if ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 1e+136)
              		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(Float64(p + abs(p)) + Float64(abs(r) - r)));
              	else
              		tmp = Float64(-q_m);
              	end
              	return tmp
              end
              
              q_m = abs(q);
              p, r, q_m = num2cell(sort([p, r, q_m])){:}
              function tmp_2 = code(p, r, q_m)
              	tmp = 0.0;
              	if ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 1e+136)
              		tmp = 0.5 * ((p + abs(p)) + (abs(r) - r));
              	else
              		tmp = -q_m;
              	end
              	tmp_2 = tmp;
              end
              
              q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
              NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
              code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[N[Power[q$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision], 1e+136], N[(0.5 * N[(N[(p + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] - r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], (-q$95$m)]
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              q_m = \left|q\right|
              \\
              [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
              \\
              \begin{array}{l}
              \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 10^{+136}:\\
              \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\left(p + \left|p\right|\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)\right)\\
              
              \mathbf{else}:\\
              \;\;\;\;-q\_m\\
              
              
              \end{array}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Split input into 2 regimes
              2. if (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64)) < 1.00000000000000006e136

                1. Initial program 23.2%

                  \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot q} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. mul-1-negN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(q\right)} \]
                  2. lower-neg.f6411.1

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                5. Applied rewrites11.1%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                6. Taylor expanded in p around -inf

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(p \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
                7. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. mul-1-negN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(p \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
                  2. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot p}\right) \]
                  3. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)} \]
                  4. mul-1-negN/A

                    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
                  5. lower-*.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
                  6. sub-negN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                  7. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} \cdot \frac{-1}{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                  8. metadata-evalN/A

                    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} \cdot \frac{-1}{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2}}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                  9. lower-fma.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                  10. lower-/.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p}}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                  11. associate--l+N/A

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                  12. lower-+.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                  13. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right|} + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                  14. lower--.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                  15. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                  16. mul-1-negN/A

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)} \]
                  17. lower-neg.f6425.0

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, -0.5, -0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-p\right)} \]
                8. Applied rewrites25.0%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, -0.5, -0.5\right) \cdot \left(-p\right)} \]
                9. Taylor expanded in p around 0

                  \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot p + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r\right)} \]
                10. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites34.3%

                    \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(p + \left|p\right|\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)\right)} \]

                  if 1.00000000000000006e136 < (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64))

                  1. Initial program 18.8%

                    \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot q} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. mul-1-negN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(q\right)} \]
                    2. lower-neg.f6437.9

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                  5. Applied rewrites37.9%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                11. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                12. Add Preprocessing

                Alternative 4: 40.6% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

                \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-209}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left|r\right| + \left(\left|p\right| - r\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-q\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                (FPCore (p r q_m)
                 :precision binary64
                 (if (<= (pow q_m 2.0) 5e-209) (* (+ (fabs r) (- (fabs p) r)) 0.5) (- q_m)))
                q_m = fabs(q);
                assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                	double tmp;
                	if (pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 5e-209) {
                		tmp = (fabs(r) + (fabs(p) - r)) * 0.5;
                	} else {
                		tmp = -q_m;
                	}
                	return tmp;
                }
                
                q_m = abs(q)
                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                real(8) function code(p, r, q_m)
                    real(8), intent (in) :: p
                    real(8), intent (in) :: r
                    real(8), intent (in) :: q_m
                    real(8) :: tmp
                    if ((q_m ** 2.0d0) <= 5d-209) then
                        tmp = (abs(r) + (abs(p) - r)) * 0.5d0
                    else
                        tmp = -q_m
                    end if
                    code = tmp
                end function
                
                q_m = Math.abs(q);
                assert p < r && r < q_m;
                public static double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                	double tmp;
                	if (Math.pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 5e-209) {
                		tmp = (Math.abs(r) + (Math.abs(p) - r)) * 0.5;
                	} else {
                		tmp = -q_m;
                	}
                	return tmp;
                }
                
                q_m = math.fabs(q)
                [p, r, q_m] = sort([p, r, q_m])
                def code(p, r, q_m):
                	tmp = 0
                	if math.pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 5e-209:
                		tmp = (math.fabs(r) + (math.fabs(p) - r)) * 0.5
                	else:
                		tmp = -q_m
                	return tmp
                
                q_m = abs(q)
                p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                function code(p, r, q_m)
                	tmp = 0.0
                	if ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 5e-209)
                		tmp = Float64(Float64(abs(r) + Float64(abs(p) - r)) * 0.5);
                	else
                		tmp = Float64(-q_m);
                	end
                	return tmp
                end
                
                q_m = abs(q);
                p, r, q_m = num2cell(sort([p, r, q_m])){:}
                function tmp_2 = code(p, r, q_m)
                	tmp = 0.0;
                	if ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 5e-209)
                		tmp = (abs(r) + (abs(p) - r)) * 0.5;
                	else
                		tmp = -q_m;
                	end
                	tmp_2 = tmp;
                end
                
                q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[N[Power[q$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision], 5e-209], N[(N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] - r), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], (-q$95$m)]
                
                \begin{array}{l}
                q_m = \left|q\right|
                \\
                [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                \\
                \begin{array}{l}
                \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-209}:\\
                \;\;\;\;\left(\left|r\right| + \left(\left|p\right| - r\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\\
                
                \mathbf{else}:\\
                \;\;\;\;-q\_m\\
                
                
                \end{array}
                \end{array}
                
                Derivation
                1. Split input into 2 regimes
                2. if (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64)) < 5.0000000000000005e-209

                  1. Initial program 20.3%

                    \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot q} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. mul-1-negN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(q\right)} \]
                    2. lower-neg.f646.9

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                  5. Applied rewrites6.9%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                  6. Taylor expanded in p around -inf

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(p \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. mul-1-negN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(p \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
                    2. *-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot p}\right) \]
                    3. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)} \]
                    4. mul-1-negN/A

                      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
                    5. lower-*.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
                    6. sub-negN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                    7. *-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} \cdot \frac{-1}{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                    8. metadata-evalN/A

                      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} \cdot \frac{-1}{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2}}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                    9. lower-fma.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                    10. lower-/.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p}}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                    11. associate--l+N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                    12. lower-+.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                    13. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right|} + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                    14. lower--.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                    15. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                    16. mul-1-negN/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)} \]
                    17. lower-neg.f6435.0

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, -0.5, -0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-p\right)} \]
                  8. Applied rewrites35.0%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, -0.5, -0.5\right) \cdot \left(-p\right)} \]
                  9. Taylor expanded in p around 0

                    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r\right)} \]
                  10. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites13.1%

                      \[\leadsto \left(\left|r\right| + \left(\left|p\right| - r\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]

                    if 5.0000000000000005e-209 < (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64))

                    1. Initial program 22.2%

                      \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot q} \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. mul-1-negN/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(q\right)} \]
                      2. lower-neg.f6427.3

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                    5. Applied rewrites27.3%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                  11. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                  12. Add Preprocessing

                  Alternative 5: 40.4% accurate, 11.4× speedup?

                  \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;q\_m \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{-98}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(p + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-q\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                  q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                  NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                  (FPCore (p r q_m)
                   :precision binary64
                   (if (<= q_m 2.7e-98) (* (+ (+ p (fabs r)) (fabs p)) 0.5) (- q_m)))
                  q_m = fabs(q);
                  assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                  double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                  	double tmp;
                  	if (q_m <= 2.7e-98) {
                  		tmp = ((p + fabs(r)) + fabs(p)) * 0.5;
                  	} else {
                  		tmp = -q_m;
                  	}
                  	return tmp;
                  }
                  
                  q_m = abs(q)
                  NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                  real(8) function code(p, r, q_m)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: p
                      real(8), intent (in) :: r
                      real(8), intent (in) :: q_m
                      real(8) :: tmp
                      if (q_m <= 2.7d-98) then
                          tmp = ((p + abs(r)) + abs(p)) * 0.5d0
                      else
                          tmp = -q_m
                      end if
                      code = tmp
                  end function
                  
                  q_m = Math.abs(q);
                  assert p < r && r < q_m;
                  public static double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                  	double tmp;
                  	if (q_m <= 2.7e-98) {
                  		tmp = ((p + Math.abs(r)) + Math.abs(p)) * 0.5;
                  	} else {
                  		tmp = -q_m;
                  	}
                  	return tmp;
                  }
                  
                  q_m = math.fabs(q)
                  [p, r, q_m] = sort([p, r, q_m])
                  def code(p, r, q_m):
                  	tmp = 0
                  	if q_m <= 2.7e-98:
                  		tmp = ((p + math.fabs(r)) + math.fabs(p)) * 0.5
                  	else:
                  		tmp = -q_m
                  	return tmp
                  
                  q_m = abs(q)
                  p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                  function code(p, r, q_m)
                  	tmp = 0.0
                  	if (q_m <= 2.7e-98)
                  		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(p + abs(r)) + abs(p)) * 0.5);
                  	else
                  		tmp = Float64(-q_m);
                  	end
                  	return tmp
                  end
                  
                  q_m = abs(q);
                  p, r, q_m = num2cell(sort([p, r, q_m])){:}
                  function tmp_2 = code(p, r, q_m)
                  	tmp = 0.0;
                  	if (q_m <= 2.7e-98)
                  		tmp = ((p + abs(r)) + abs(p)) * 0.5;
                  	else
                  		tmp = -q_m;
                  	end
                  	tmp_2 = tmp;
                  end
                  
                  q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                  NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                  code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[q$95$m, 2.7e-98], N[(N[(N[(p + N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], (-q$95$m)]
                  
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  q_m = \left|q\right|
                  \\
                  [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                  \\
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  \mathbf{if}\;q\_m \leq 2.7 \cdot 10^{-98}:\\
                  \;\;\;\;\left(\left(p + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot 0.5\\
                  
                  \mathbf{else}:\\
                  \;\;\;\;-q\_m\\
                  
                  
                  \end{array}
                  \end{array}
                  
                  Derivation
                  1. Split input into 2 regimes
                  2. if q < 2.6999999999999999e-98

                    1. Initial program 20.2%

                      \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot q} \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. mul-1-negN/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(q\right)} \]
                      2. lower-neg.f644.5

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                    5. Applied rewrites4.5%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                    6. Taylor expanded in p around -inf

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(p \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
                    7. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. mul-1-negN/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(p \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
                      2. *-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot p}\right) \]
                      3. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)} \]
                      4. mul-1-negN/A

                        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
                      5. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
                      6. sub-negN/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      7. *-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} \cdot \frac{-1}{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      8. metadata-evalN/A

                        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p} \cdot \frac{-1}{2} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2}}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      9. lower-fma.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      10. lower-/.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r}{p}}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      11. associate--l+N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      12. lower-+.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      13. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|p\right|} + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      14. lower--.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      15. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      16. mul-1-negN/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{-1}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)} \]
                      17. lower-neg.f6421.5

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, -0.5, -0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-p\right)} \]
                    8. Applied rewrites21.5%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)}{p}, -0.5, -0.5\right) \cdot \left(-p\right)} \]
                    9. Taylor expanded in p around 0

                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot p + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - r\right)} \]
                    10. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites29.7%

                        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(p + \left|p\right|\right) + \left(\left|r\right| - r\right)\right)} \]
                      2. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(p + \color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}\right) \]
                      3. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites8.5%

                          \[\leadsto \left(\left(p + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

                        if 2.6999999999999999e-98 < q

                        1. Initial program 24.5%

                          \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                        2. Add Preprocessing
                        3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot q} \]
                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. mul-1-negN/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(q\right)} \]
                          2. lower-neg.f6455.5

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                        5. Applied rewrites55.5%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                      4. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                      5. Add Preprocessing

                      Alternative 6: 35.4% accurate, 83.3× speedup?

                      \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ -q\_m \end{array} \]
                      q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                      NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                      (FPCore (p r q_m) :precision binary64 (- q_m))
                      q_m = fabs(q);
                      assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                      double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                      	return -q_m;
                      }
                      
                      q_m = abs(q)
                      NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                      real(8) function code(p, r, q_m)
                          real(8), intent (in) :: p
                          real(8), intent (in) :: r
                          real(8), intent (in) :: q_m
                          code = -q_m
                      end function
                      
                      q_m = Math.abs(q);
                      assert p < r && r < q_m;
                      public static double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                      	return -q_m;
                      }
                      
                      q_m = math.fabs(q)
                      [p, r, q_m] = sort([p, r, q_m])
                      def code(p, r, q_m):
                      	return -q_m
                      
                      q_m = abs(q)
                      p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                      function code(p, r, q_m)
                      	return Float64(-q_m)
                      end
                      
                      q_m = abs(q);
                      p, r, q_m = num2cell(sort([p, r, q_m])){:}
                      function tmp = code(p, r, q_m)
                      	tmp = -q_m;
                      end
                      
                      q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                      NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                      code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := (-q$95$m)
                      
                      \begin{array}{l}
                      q_m = \left|q\right|
                      \\
                      [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                      \\
                      -q\_m
                      \end{array}
                      
                      Derivation
                      1. Initial program 21.6%

                        \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                      2. Add Preprocessing
                      3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot q} \]
                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. mul-1-negN/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(q\right)} \]
                        2. lower-neg.f6421.1

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                      5. Applied rewrites21.1%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                      6. Add Preprocessing

                      Reproduce

                      ?
                      herbie shell --seed 2024313 
                      (FPCore (p r q)
                        :name "1/2(abs(p)+abs(r) - sqrt((p-r)^2 + 4q^2))"
                        :precision binary64
                        (* (/ 1.0 2.0) (- (+ (fabs p) (fabs r)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- p r) 2.0) (* 4.0 (pow q 2.0)))))))