Cubic critical

Percentage Accurate: 52.9% → 84.4%

Time: 6.1s

Alternatives: 11

Speedup: 2.2×

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0d0 * a)
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a)

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(3.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(3.0 * a))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 52.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0d0 * a)
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a)

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(3.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(3.0 * a))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 84.4% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -1.6 \cdot 10^{+174}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-2 \cdot b}{3}}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot -3, c, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -1.6e+174)
   (/ (/ (* -2.0 b) 3.0) a)
   (if (<= b 2.9e-51)
     (/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -3.0) c (* b b))) b) (* 3.0 a))
     (* (/ c b) -0.5))))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -1.6e+174) {
		tmp = ((-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a;
	} else if (b <= 2.9e-51) {
		tmp = (sqrt(fma((a * -3.0), c, (b * b))) - b) / (3.0 * a);
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -1.6e+174)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a);
	elseif (b <= 2.9e-51)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(a * -3.0), c, Float64(b * b))) - b) / Float64(3.0 * a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) * -0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -1.6e+174], N[(N[(N[(-2.0 * b), $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 2.9e-51], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(a * -3.0), $MachinePrecision] * c + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if b < -1.6e174

   1. Initial program 30.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      2. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      3. associate-/r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3}}{a}} \]

      4. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3}}{a}} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 30.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)}{a}} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)}}{a} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}}}{a} \]

      3. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}}{a} \]

      4. div-inv N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

      5. lower-/.f64 30.8

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

      6. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-3 \cdot c}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

      7. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

      8. lower-*.f64 30.8

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

   6. Applied rewrites 30.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(c \cdot -3, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 96.2

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]

   9. Applied rewrites 96.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]

   if -1.6e174 < b < 2.89999999999999973e-51

   1. Initial program 80.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      2. sub-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{b \cdot b + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)\right)}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      3. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)\right) + b \cdot b}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right)\right) + b \cdot b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      5. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3 \cdot a\right)\right) \cdot c} + b \cdot b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      6. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3 \cdot a\right), c, b \cdot b\right)}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      7. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}\right), c, b \cdot b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      8. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right) \cdot a}, c, b \cdot b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right) \cdot a}, c, b \cdot b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      10. metadata-eval 80.5

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-3} \cdot a, c, b \cdot b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 80.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot a, c, b \cdot b\right)}}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot a, c, b \cdot b\right)}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      2. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot a, c, b \cdot b\right)} + \left(-b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      3. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c + b \cdot b}} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot a\right)} \cdot c + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      5. associate-*l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)} + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      6. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{-3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right)} + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      7. associate-*l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot c\right) \cdot a} + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      8. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot c\right)} \cdot a + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      9. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)}} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      10. lift-neg.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      11. sub-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      12. lift--.f64 80.4

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      13. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-3 \cdot c}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      14. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      15. lower-*.f64 80.4

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

   6. Applied rewrites 80.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(c \cdot -3, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(c \cdot -3\right) \cdot a + b \cdot b}} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{a \cdot \left(c \cdot -3\right)} + b \cdot b} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      3. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c \cdot -3\right)} + b \cdot b} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      4. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot -3} + b \cdot b} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      5. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right)} \cdot -3 + b \cdot b} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      6. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right)} \cdot -3 + b \cdot b} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      7. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)} + b \cdot b} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      8. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{-3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right)} + b \cdot b} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      9. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{-3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot c\right)} + b \cdot b} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      10. associate-*r* N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c} + b \cdot b} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      11. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)} \cdot a\right) \cdot c + b \cdot b} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      12. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3 \cdot a\right)\right)} \cdot c + b \cdot b} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      13. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}\right)\right) \cdot c + b \cdot b} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      14. lower-fma.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3 \cdot a\right), c, b \cdot b\right)}} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      15. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}\right), c, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      16. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{a \cdot 3}\right), c, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      17. distribute-rgt-neg-in N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right)}, c, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      18. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot \color{blue}{-3}, c, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      19. lower-*.f64 80.5

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a \cdot -3}, c, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

   8. Applied rewrites 80.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot -3, c, b \cdot b\right)}} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

   if 2.89999999999999973e-51 < b

   1. Initial program 22.7%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 82.3

         \[\leadsto -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 82.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 84.3%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -1.6 \cdot 10^{+174}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-2 \cdot b}{3}}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a \cdot -3, c, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 84.4% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -1.6 \cdot 10^{+174}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-2 \cdot b}{3}}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -1.6e+174)
   (/ (/ (* -2.0 b) 3.0) a)
   (if (<= b 2.9e-51)
     (/ (- (sqrt (fma (* -3.0 c) a (* b b))) b) (* 3.0 a))
     (* (/ c b) -0.5))))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -1.6e+174) {
		tmp = ((-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a;
	} else if (b <= 2.9e-51) {
		tmp = (sqrt(fma((-3.0 * c), a, (b * b))) - b) / (3.0 * a);
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -1.6e+174)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a);
	elseif (b <= 2.9e-51)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(-3.0 * c), a, Float64(b * b))) - b) / Float64(3.0 * a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) * -0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -1.6e+174], N[(N[(N[(-2.0 * b), $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 2.9e-51], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(-3.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] * a + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if b < -1.6e174

   1. Initial program 30.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      2. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      3. associate-/r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3}}{a}} \]

      4. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3}}{a}} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 30.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)}{a}} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)}}{a} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}}}{a} \]

      3. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}}{a} \]

      4. div-inv N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

      5. lower-/.f64 30.8

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

      6. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-3 \cdot c}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

      7. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

      8. lower-*.f64 30.8

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

   6. Applied rewrites 30.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(c \cdot -3, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 96.2

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]

   9. Applied rewrites 96.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]

   if -1.6e174 < b < 2.89999999999999973e-51

   1. Initial program 80.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

   4. Applied rewrites 80.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{a \cdot 3}} \]

   if 2.89999999999999973e-51 < b

   1. Initial program 22.7%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 82.3

         \[\leadsto -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 82.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 84.2%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -1.6 \cdot 10^{+174}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-2 \cdot b}{3}}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 84.3% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -1.6 \cdot 10^{+174}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-2 \cdot b}{3}}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -1.6e+174)
   (/ (/ (* -2.0 b) 3.0) a)
   (if (<= b 2.9e-51)
     (/ (* 0.3333333333333333 (- (sqrt (fma (* -3.0 c) a (* b b))) b)) a)
     (* (/ c b) -0.5))))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -1.6e+174) {
		tmp = ((-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a;
	} else if (b <= 2.9e-51) {
		tmp = (0.3333333333333333 * (sqrt(fma((-3.0 * c), a, (b * b))) - b)) / a;
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -1.6e+174)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a);
	elseif (b <= 2.9e-51)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.3333333333333333 * Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(-3.0 * c), a, Float64(b * b))) - b)) / a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) * -0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -1.6e+174], N[(N[(N[(-2.0 * b), $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 2.9e-51], N[(N[(0.3333333333333333 * N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(-3.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] * a + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if b < -1.6e174

   1. Initial program 30.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      2. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      3. associate-/r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3}}{a}} \]

      4. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3}}{a}} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 30.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)}{a}} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)}}{a} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}}}{a} \]

      3. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}}{a} \]

      4. div-inv N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

      5. lower-/.f64 30.8

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

      6. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-3 \cdot c}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

      7. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

      8. lower-*.f64 30.8

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

   6. Applied rewrites 30.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(c \cdot -3, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 96.2

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]

   9. Applied rewrites 96.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]

   if -1.6e174 < b < 2.89999999999999973e-51

   1. Initial program 80.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      2. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      3. associate-/r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3}}{a}} \]

      4. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3}}{a}} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 80.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)}{a}} \]

   if 2.89999999999999973e-51 < b

   1. Initial program 22.7%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 82.3

         \[\leadsto -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 82.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 84.2%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -1.6 \cdot 10^{+174}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-2 \cdot b}{3}}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 85.6% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -1 \cdot 10^{+101}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{b}{a} \cdot -2}{3}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.3333333333333333}{a} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -1e+101)
   (/ (* (/ b a) -2.0) 3.0)
   (if (<= b 2.9e-51)
     (* (/ 0.3333333333333333 a) (- (sqrt (fma (* -3.0 c) a (* b b))) b))
     (* (/ c b) -0.5))))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -1e+101) {
		tmp = ((b / a) * -2.0) / 3.0;
	} else if (b <= 2.9e-51) {
		tmp = (0.3333333333333333 / a) * (sqrt(fma((-3.0 * c), a, (b * b))) - b);
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -1e+101)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(b / a) * -2.0) / 3.0);
	elseif (b <= 2.9e-51)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.3333333333333333 / a) * Float64(sqrt(fma(Float64(-3.0 * c), a, Float64(b * b))) - b));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) * -0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -1e+101], N[(N[(N[(b / a), $MachinePrecision] * -2.0), $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 2.9e-51], N[(N[(0.3333333333333333 / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(-3.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] * a + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if b < -9.9999999999999998e100

   1. Initial program 45.2%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      2. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      3. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 3}} \]

      4. associate-/r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{a}}{3}} \]

      5. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{a}}{3}} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 45.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{a}}{3}} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot \frac{b}{a}}}{3} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot \frac{b}{a}}}{3} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 97.0

         \[\leadsto \frac{-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b}{a}}}{3} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 97.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot \frac{b}{a}}}{3} \]

   if -9.9999999999999998e100 < b < 2.89999999999999973e-51

   1. Initial program 78.1%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      2. clear-num N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{3 \cdot a}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}} \]

      3. associate-/r/ N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3 \cdot a} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right)} \]

      4. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3 \cdot a} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right)} \]

      5. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right) \]

      6. associate-/r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{a}} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right) \]

      7. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{a}} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right) \]

      8. metadata-eval 77.9

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}}{a} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right) \]

      9. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{3}}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right)} \]

      10. +-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{3}}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c} + \left(-b\right)\right)} \]

      11. lift-neg.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{3}}{a} \cdot \left(\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right)}\right) \]

      12. unsub-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{3}}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c} - b\right)} \]

      13. lower--.f64 77.9

          \[\leadsto \frac{0.3333333333333333}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c} - b\right)} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 77.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{a} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)} \]

   if 2.89999999999999973e-51 < b

   1. Initial program 22.7%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 82.3

         \[\leadsto -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 82.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 84.2%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -1 \cdot 10^{+101}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{b}{a} \cdot -2}{3}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.3333333333333333}{a} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 80.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -6.6 \cdot 10^{-99}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{c}{b \cdot b}, -0.5, \frac{0.6666666666666666}{a}\right) \cdot \left(-b\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot -3} - b}{3 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -6.6e-99)
   (* (fma (/ c (* b b)) -0.5 (/ 0.6666666666666666 a)) (- b))
   (if (<= b 2.9e-51)
     (/ (- (sqrt (* (* a c) -3.0)) b) (* 3.0 a))
     (* (/ c b) -0.5))))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -6.6e-99) {
		tmp = fma((c / (b * b)), -0.5, (0.6666666666666666 / a)) * -b;
	} else if (b <= 2.9e-51) {
		tmp = (sqrt(((a * c) * -3.0)) - b) / (3.0 * a);
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -6.6e-99)
		tmp = Float64(fma(Float64(c / Float64(b * b)), -0.5, Float64(0.6666666666666666 / a)) * Float64(-b));
	elseif (b <= 2.9e-51)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(a * c) * -3.0)) - b) / Float64(3.0 * a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) * -0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -6.6e-99], N[(N[(N[(c / N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5 + N[(0.6666666666666666 / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * (-b)), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 2.9e-51], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] * -3.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if b < -6.59999999999999973e-99

   1. Initial program 64.9%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right)\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]

      2. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right) \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]

      4. lower-neg.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-b\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right) \]

      5. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{c}{{b}^{2}} \cdot \frac{-1}{2}} + \frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right) \]

      6. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]

      7. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right) \]

      8. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{c}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right) \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{c}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{a}\right) \]

      10. associate-*r/ N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{c}{b \cdot b}, \frac{-1}{2}, \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{3} \cdot 1}{a}}\right) \]

      11. metadata-eval N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{c}{b \cdot b}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{3}}}{a}\right) \]

      12. lower-/.f64 85.9

          \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{c}{b \cdot b}, -0.5, \color{blue}{\frac{0.6666666666666666}{a}}\right) \]

   5. Applied rewrites 85.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-b\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{c}{b \cdot b}, -0.5, \frac{0.6666666666666666}{a}\right)} \]

   if -6.59999999999999973e-99 < b < 2.89999999999999973e-51

   1. Initial program 67.3%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      2. sub-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{b \cdot b + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)\right)}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      3. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)\right) + b \cdot b}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right)\right) + b \cdot b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      5. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3 \cdot a\right)\right) \cdot c} + b \cdot b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      6. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3 \cdot a\right), c, b \cdot b\right)}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      7. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}\right), c, b \cdot b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      8. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right) \cdot a}, c, b \cdot b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right) \cdot a}, c, b \cdot b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      10. metadata-eval 67.3

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-3} \cdot a, c, b \cdot b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 67.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot a, c, b \cdot b\right)}}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot a, c, b \cdot b\right)}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      2. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot a, c, b \cdot b\right)} + \left(-b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      3. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c + b \cdot b}} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot a\right)} \cdot c + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      5. associate-*l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)} + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      6. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{-3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right)} + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      7. associate-*l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot c\right) \cdot a} + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      8. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot c\right)} \cdot a + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      9. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)}} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      10. lift-neg.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      11. sub-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      12. lift--.f64 67.1

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      13. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-3 \cdot c}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      14. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      15. lower-*.f64 67.1

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

   6. Applied rewrites 67.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(c \cdot -3, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 64.6

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{-3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot c\right)}} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

   9. Applied rewrites 64.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

   if 2.89999999999999973e-51 < b

   1. Initial program 22.7%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 82.3

         \[\leadsto -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 82.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 79.1%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -6.6 \cdot 10^{-99}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{c}{b \cdot b}, -0.5, \frac{0.6666666666666666}{a}\right) \cdot \left(-b\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot -3} - b}{3 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 80.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -2.3 \cdot 10^{-104}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-2 \cdot b}{3}}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot -3} - b}{3 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -2.3e-104)
   (/ (/ (* -2.0 b) 3.0) a)
   (if (<= b 2.9e-51)
     (/ (- (sqrt (* (* a c) -3.0)) b) (* 3.0 a))
     (* (/ c b) -0.5))))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -2.3e-104) {
		tmp = ((-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a;
	} else if (b <= 2.9e-51) {
		tmp = (sqrt(((a * c) * -3.0)) - b) / (3.0 * a);
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (b <= (-2.3d-104)) then
        tmp = (((-2.0d0) * b) / 3.0d0) / a
    else if (b <= 2.9d-51) then
        tmp = (sqrt(((a * c) * (-3.0d0))) - b) / (3.0d0 * a)
    else
        tmp = (c / b) * (-0.5d0)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -2.3e-104) {
		tmp = ((-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a;
	} else if (b <= 2.9e-51) {
		tmp = (Math.sqrt(((a * c) * -3.0)) - b) / (3.0 * a);
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= -2.3e-104:
		tmp = ((-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a
	elif b <= 2.9e-51:
		tmp = (math.sqrt(((a * c) * -3.0)) - b) / (3.0 * a)
	else:
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5
	return tmp

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -2.3e-104)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a);
	elseif (b <= 2.9e-51)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(a * c) * -3.0)) - b) / Float64(3.0 * a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) * -0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= -2.3e-104)
		tmp = ((-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a;
	elseif (b <= 2.9e-51)
		tmp = (sqrt(((a * c) * -3.0)) - b) / (3.0 * a);
	else
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -2.3e-104], N[(N[(N[(-2.0 * b), $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 2.9e-51], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] * -3.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if b < -2.2999999999999999e-104

   1. Initial program 64.3%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      2. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      3. associate-/r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3}}{a}} \]

      4. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3}}{a}} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 64.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)}{a}} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)}}{a} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}}}{a} \]

      3. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}}{a} \]

      4. div-inv N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

      5. lower-/.f64 64.5

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

      6. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-3 \cdot c}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

      7. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

      8. lower-*.f64 64.5

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

   6. Applied rewrites 64.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(c \cdot -3, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 85.1

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]

   9. Applied rewrites 85.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]

   if -2.2999999999999999e-104 < b < 2.89999999999999973e-51

   1. Initial program 68.3%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift--.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      2. sub-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{b \cdot b + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)\right)}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      3. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)\right) + b \cdot b}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right)\right) + b \cdot b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      5. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3 \cdot a\right)\right) \cdot c} + b \cdot b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      6. lower-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3 \cdot a\right), c, b \cdot b\right)}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      7. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}\right), c, b \cdot b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      8. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right) \cdot a}, c, b \cdot b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      9. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(3\right)\right) \cdot a}, c, b \cdot b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      10. metadata-eval 68.3

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-3} \cdot a, c, b \cdot b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 68.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot a, c, b \cdot b\right)}}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot a, c, b \cdot b\right)}}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      2. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot a, c, b \cdot b\right)} + \left(-b\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      3. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c + b \cdot b}} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      4. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot a\right)} \cdot c + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      5. associate-*l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)} + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      6. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{-3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right)} + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      7. associate-*l* N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot c\right) \cdot a} + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      8. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot c\right)} \cdot a + b \cdot b} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      9. lift-fma.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)}} + \left(-b\right)}{3 \cdot a} \]

      10. lift-neg.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right)}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      11. sub-neg N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      12. lift--.f64 68.1

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

      13. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-3 \cdot c}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      14. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      15. lower-*.f64 68.1

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

   6. Applied rewrites 68.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(c \cdot -3, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}}{3 \cdot a} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in a around inf

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 65.5

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{-3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot c\right)}} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

   9. Applied rewrites 65.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}} - b}{3 \cdot a} \]

   if 2.89999999999999973e-51 < b

   1. Initial program 22.7%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 82.3

         \[\leadsto -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 82.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 79.1%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -2.3 \cdot 10^{-104}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-2 \cdot b}{3}}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot -3} - b}{3 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 67.4% accurate, 1.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-2 \cdot b}{3}}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -5e-310) (/ (/ (* -2.0 b) 3.0) a) (* (/ c b) -0.5)))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -5e-310) {
		tmp = ((-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a;
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (b <= (-5d-310)) then
        tmp = (((-2.0d0) * b) / 3.0d0) / a
    else
        tmp = (c / b) * (-0.5d0)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -5e-310) {
		tmp = ((-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a;
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= -5e-310:
		tmp = ((-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a
	else:
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5
	return tmp

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -5e-310)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) * -0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= -5e-310)
		tmp = ((-2.0 * b) / 3.0) / a;
	else
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -5e-310], N[(N[(N[(-2.0 * b), $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if b < -4.999999999999985e-310

   1. Initial program 65.9%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      2. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      3. associate-/r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3}}{a}} \]

      4. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3}}{a}} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 66.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)}{a}} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)}}{a} \]

      2. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right) \cdot \frac{1}{3}}}{a} \]

      3. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{3}}}{a} \]

      4. div-inv N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

      5. lower-/.f64 66.0

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

      6. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-3 \cdot c}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

      7. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

      8. lower-*.f64 66.0

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -3}, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}{a} \]

   6. Applied rewrites 66.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(c \cdot -3, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{3}}}{a} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 72.5

         \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]

   9. Applied rewrites 72.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot b}}{3}}{a} \]

   if -4.999999999999985e-310 < b

   1. Initial program 38.3%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 62.5

         \[\leadsto -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 62.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 67.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-2 \cdot b}{3}}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 67.4% accurate, 1.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{b}{a} \cdot -2}{3}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -5e-310) (/ (* (/ b a) -2.0) 3.0) (* (/ c b) -0.5)))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -5e-310) {
		tmp = ((b / a) * -2.0) / 3.0;
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (b <= (-5d-310)) then
        tmp = ((b / a) * (-2.0d0)) / 3.0d0
    else
        tmp = (c / b) * (-0.5d0)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -5e-310) {
		tmp = ((b / a) * -2.0) / 3.0;
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= -5e-310:
		tmp = ((b / a) * -2.0) / 3.0
	else:
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5
	return tmp

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -5e-310)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(b / a) * -2.0) / 3.0);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) * -0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= -5e-310)
		tmp = ((b / a) * -2.0) / 3.0;
	else
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -5e-310], N[(N[(N[(b / a), $MachinePrecision] * -2.0), $MachinePrecision] / 3.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if b < -4.999999999999985e-310

   1. Initial program 65.9%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      2. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot a}} \]

      3. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{\color{blue}{a \cdot 3}} \]

      4. associate-/r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{a}}{3}} \]

      5. lower-/.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{a}}{3}} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 66.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-3 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)} - b}{a}}{3}} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot \frac{b}{a}}}{3} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot \frac{b}{a}}}{3} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 72.5

         \[\leadsto \frac{-2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b}{a}}}{3} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 72.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot \frac{b}{a}}}{3} \]

   if -4.999999999999985e-310 < b

   1. Initial program 38.3%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 62.5

         \[\leadsto -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 62.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 67.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{b}{a} \cdot -2}{3}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 67.5% accurate, 2.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{b}{-1.5 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -5e-310) (/ b (* -1.5 a)) (* (/ c b) -0.5)))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -5e-310) {
		tmp = b / (-1.5 * a);
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (b <= (-5d-310)) then
        tmp = b / ((-1.5d0) * a)
    else
        tmp = (c / b) * (-0.5d0)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -5e-310) {
		tmp = b / (-1.5 * a);
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= -5e-310:
		tmp = b / (-1.5 * a)
	else:
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5
	return tmp

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -5e-310)
		tmp = Float64(b / Float64(-1.5 * a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) * -0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= -5e-310)
		tmp = b / (-1.5 * a);
	else
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -5e-310], N[(b / N[(-1.5 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if b < -4.999999999999985e-310

   1. Initial program 65.9%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-2}{3} \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-2}{3} \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 72.4

         \[\leadsto -0.6666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b}{a}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 72.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.6666666666666666 \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

   7. Applied rewrites 72.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(-b\right) \cdot -0.6666666666666666\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

   9. Applied rewrites 72.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.6666666666666666}{a} \cdot b} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

   11. Applied rewrites 72.4%

       \[\leadsto \frac{b}{\color{blue}{-1.5 \cdot a}} \]

   if -4.999999999999985e-310 < b

   1. Initial program 38.3%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 62.5

         \[\leadsto -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 62.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 67.6%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{b}{-1.5 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 67.4% accurate, 2.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;-0.6666666666666666 \cdot \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -5e-310) (* -0.6666666666666666 (/ b a)) (* (/ c b) -0.5)))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -5e-310) {
		tmp = -0.6666666666666666 * (b / a);
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (b <= (-5d-310)) then
        tmp = (-0.6666666666666666d0) * (b / a)
    else
        tmp = (c / b) * (-0.5d0)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -5e-310) {
		tmp = -0.6666666666666666 * (b / a);
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= -5e-310:
		tmp = -0.6666666666666666 * (b / a)
	else:
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5
	return tmp

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -5e-310)
		tmp = Float64(-0.6666666666666666 * Float64(b / a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) * -0.5);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= -5e-310)
		tmp = -0.6666666666666666 * (b / a);
	else
		tmp = (c / b) * -0.5;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -5e-310], N[(-0.6666666666666666 * N[(b / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if b < -4.999999999999985e-310

   1. Initial program 65.9%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-2}{3} \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-2}{3} \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 72.4

         \[\leadsto -0.6666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b}{a}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 72.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.6666666666666666 \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]

   if -4.999999999999985e-310 < b

   1. Initial program 38.3%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in a around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]

      2. lower-/.f64 62.5

         \[\leadsto -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 62.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 67.6%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;-0.6666666666666666 \cdot \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 35.7% accurate, 2.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -0.6666666666666666 \cdot \frac{b}{a} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* -0.6666666666666666 (/ b a)))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return -0.6666666666666666 * (b / a);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    code = (-0.6666666666666666d0) * (b / a)
end function

Java

public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return -0.6666666666666666 * (b / a);
}

Python

def code(a, b, c):
	return -0.6666666666666666 * (b / a)

Julia

function code(a, b, c)
	return Float64(-0.6666666666666666 * Float64(b / a))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = -0.6666666666666666 * (b / a);
end

Wolfram

code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(-0.6666666666666666 * N[(b / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 52.5%

   \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-2}{3} \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-2}{3} \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]

   2. lower-/.f64 38.7

      \[\leadsto -0.6666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b}{a}} \]

5. Applied rewrites 38.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.6666666666666666 \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024312 
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "Cubic critical"
  :precision binary64
  (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))