1/2(abs(p)+abs(r) + sqrt((p-r)^2 + 4q^2))

Percentage Accurate: 44.6% → 81.5%
Time: 6.8s
Alternatives: 10
Speedup: 12.5×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (p r q)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (/ 1.0 2.0)
  (+ (+ (fabs p) (fabs r)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- p r) 2.0) (* 4.0 (pow q 2.0)))))))
double code(double p, double r, double q) {
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((fabs(p) + fabs(r)) + sqrt((pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * pow(q, 2.0)))));
}
real(8) function code(p, r, q)
    real(8), intent (in) :: p
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    real(8), intent (in) :: q
    code = (1.0d0 / 2.0d0) * ((abs(p) + abs(r)) + sqrt((((p - r) ** 2.0d0) + (4.0d0 * (q ** 2.0d0)))))
end function
public static double code(double p, double r, double q) {
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((Math.abs(p) + Math.abs(r)) + Math.sqrt((Math.pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * Math.pow(q, 2.0)))));
}
def code(p, r, q):
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((math.fabs(p) + math.fabs(r)) + math.sqrt((math.pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * math.pow(q, 2.0)))))
function code(p, r, q)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / 2.0) * Float64(Float64(abs(p) + abs(r)) + sqrt(Float64((Float64(p - r) ^ 2.0) + Float64(4.0 * (q ^ 2.0))))))
end
function tmp = code(p, r, q)
	tmp = (1.0 / 2.0) * ((abs(p) + abs(r)) + sqrt((((p - r) ^ 2.0) + (4.0 * (q ^ 2.0)))));
end
code[p_, r_, q_] := N[(N[(1.0 / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(p - r), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(4.0 * N[Power[q, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 10 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 44.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (p r q)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (/ 1.0 2.0)
  (+ (+ (fabs p) (fabs r)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- p r) 2.0) (* 4.0 (pow q 2.0)))))))
double code(double p, double r, double q) {
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((fabs(p) + fabs(r)) + sqrt((pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * pow(q, 2.0)))));
}
real(8) function code(p, r, q)
    real(8), intent (in) :: p
    real(8), intent (in) :: r
    real(8), intent (in) :: q
    code = (1.0d0 / 2.0d0) * ((abs(p) + abs(r)) + sqrt((((p - r) ** 2.0d0) + (4.0d0 * (q ** 2.0d0)))))
end function
public static double code(double p, double r, double q) {
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((Math.abs(p) + Math.abs(r)) + Math.sqrt((Math.pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * Math.pow(q, 2.0)))));
}
def code(p, r, q):
	return (1.0 / 2.0) * ((math.fabs(p) + math.fabs(r)) + math.sqrt((math.pow((p - r), 2.0) + (4.0 * math.pow(q, 2.0)))))
function code(p, r, q)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / 2.0) * Float64(Float64(abs(p) + abs(r)) + sqrt(Float64((Float64(p - r) ^ 2.0) + Float64(4.0 * (q ^ 2.0))))))
end
function tmp = code(p, r, q)
	tmp = (1.0 / 2.0) * ((abs(p) + abs(r)) + sqrt((((p - r) ^ 2.0) + (4.0 * (q ^ 2.0)))));
end
code[p_, r_, q_] := N[(N[(1.0 / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(p - r), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(4.0 * N[Power[q, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 81.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\\ \mathbf{if}\;q\_m \leq 125000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + r\right) - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{elif}\;q\_m \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{+110}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(t\_0 + \sqrt{{q\_m}^{2} \cdot 4 + {\left(p - r\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, t\_0, q\_m\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (p r q_m)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (+ (fabs r) (fabs p))))
   (if (<= q_m 125000000000.0)
     (* (- (+ (fabs r) r) (- p (fabs p))) 0.5)
     (if (<= q_m 1.4e+110)
       (*
        (+ t_0 (sqrt (+ (* (pow q_m 2.0) 4.0) (pow (- p r) 2.0))))
        (/ 1.0 2.0))
       (fma 0.5 t_0 q_m)))))
q_m = fabs(q);
assert(p < r && r < q_m);
double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
	double t_0 = fabs(r) + fabs(p);
	double tmp;
	if (q_m <= 125000000000.0) {
		tmp = ((fabs(r) + r) - (p - fabs(p))) * 0.5;
	} else if (q_m <= 1.4e+110) {
		tmp = (t_0 + sqrt(((pow(q_m, 2.0) * 4.0) + pow((p - r), 2.0)))) * (1.0 / 2.0);
	} else {
		tmp = fma(0.5, t_0, q_m);
	}
	return tmp;
}
q_m = abs(q)
p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
function code(p, r, q_m)
	t_0 = Float64(abs(r) + abs(p))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (q_m <= 125000000000.0)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(abs(r) + r) - Float64(p - abs(p))) * 0.5);
	elseif (q_m <= 1.4e+110)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(t_0 + sqrt(Float64(Float64((q_m ^ 2.0) * 4.0) + (Float64(p - r) ^ 2.0)))) * Float64(1.0 / 2.0));
	else
		tmp = fma(0.5, t_0, q_m);
	end
	return tmp
end
q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[q$95$m, 125000000000.0], N[(N[(N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + r), $MachinePrecision] - N[(p - N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[q$95$m, 1.4e+110], N[(N[(t$95$0 + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(N[Power[q$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * 4.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(p - r), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * t$95$0 + q$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
q_m = \left|q\right|
\\
[p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\\
\mathbf{if}\;q\_m \leq 125000000000:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + r\right) - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\\

\mathbf{elif}\;q\_m \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{+110}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(t\_0 + \sqrt{{q\_m}^{2} \cdot 4 + {\left(p - r\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, t\_0, q\_m\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if q < 1.25e11

    1. Initial program 52.4%

      \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
      3. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r} + \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot r \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
      5. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot r \]
      6. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
      7. associate-+r+N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + -1 \cdot p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
      8. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
      9. unsub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
      10. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
      11. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
      12. lower-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
      13. lower-fabs.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|\right) - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
      14. lower-fabs.f6434.4

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}\right) - p}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r \]
    5. Applied rewrites34.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - p}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in r around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot r + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites39.0%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|\right) - p\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites39.1%

          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| - p\right) + \left(\left|r\right| + r\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

        if 1.25e11 < q < 1.39999999999999993e110

        1. Initial program 78.2%

          \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
        2. Add Preprocessing

        if 1.39999999999999993e110 < q

        1. Initial program 23.1%

          \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{q \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right)} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
          3. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} + 1\right)} \cdot q \]
          4. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
          5. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right)} \cdot q \]
          6. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
          7. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
          8. lower-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
          9. lower-fabs.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
          10. lower-fabs.f6480.1

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}}{q}, 0.5, 1\right) \cdot q \]
        5. Applied rewrites80.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}{q}, 0.5, 1\right) \cdot q} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in q around 0

          \[\leadsto q + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)} \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites80.2%

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, q\right) \]
        8. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
        9. Final simplification48.3%

          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;q \leq 125000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + r\right) - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{elif}\;q \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{+110}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) + \sqrt{{q}^{2} \cdot 4 + {\left(p - r\right)}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, q\right)\\ \end{array} \]
        10. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 2: 60.1% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+22}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + r\right) + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, q\_m\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
        NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
        (FPCore (p r q_m)
         :precision binary64
         (if (<= (pow q_m 2.0) 2e+22)
           (* (+ (+ (fabs r) r) (fabs p)) 0.5)
           (fma 0.5 (+ (fabs r) (fabs p)) q_m)))
        q_m = fabs(q);
        assert(p < r && r < q_m);
        double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
        	double tmp;
        	if (pow(q_m, 2.0) <= 2e+22) {
        		tmp = ((fabs(r) + r) + fabs(p)) * 0.5;
        	} else {
        		tmp = fma(0.5, (fabs(r) + fabs(p)), q_m);
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        q_m = abs(q)
        p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
        function code(p, r, q_m)
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if ((q_m ^ 2.0) <= 2e+22)
        		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(abs(r) + r) + abs(p)) * 0.5);
        	else
        		tmp = fma(0.5, Float64(abs(r) + abs(p)), q_m);
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
        NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
        code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[N[Power[q$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision], 2e+22], N[(N[(N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + r), $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + q$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        q_m = \left|q\right|
        \\
        [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        \mathbf{if}\;{q\_m}^{2} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+22}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + r\right) + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot 0.5\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, q\_m\right)\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 2 regimes
        2. if (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64)) < 2e22

          1. Initial program 56.7%

            \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in p around -inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(p \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p}\right)\right)} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-*r*N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot p\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p}\right)} \]
            2. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
            3. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
            4. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p} + \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
            5. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p} \cdot \frac{-1}{2}} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
            6. lower-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
            7. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p}}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
            8. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{r + \color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
            9. associate-+r+N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
            10. lower-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
            11. lower-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right)} + \left|p\right|}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
            12. lower-fabs.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(r + \color{blue}{\left|r\right|}\right) + \left|p\right|}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
            13. lower-fabs.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
            14. mul-1-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)} \]
            15. lower-neg.f6438.1

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|}{p}, -0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-p\right)} \]
          5. Applied rewrites38.1%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|}{p}, -0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot \left(-p\right)} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in p around 0

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)\right)} \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites36.2%

              \[\leadsto \left(\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]

            if 2e22 < (pow.f64 q #s(literal 2 binary64))

            1. Initial program 42.0%

              \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{q \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right)} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
              2. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
              3. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} + 1\right)} \cdot q \]
              4. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
              5. lower-fma.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right)} \cdot q \]
              6. lower-/.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
              7. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
              8. lower-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
              9. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
              10. lower-fabs.f6439.6

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}}{q}, 0.5, 1\right) \cdot q \]
            5. Applied rewrites39.6%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}{q}, 0.5, 1\right) \cdot q} \]
            6. Taylor expanded in q around 0

              \[\leadsto q + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)} \]
            7. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites39.6%

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, q\right) \]
            8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
            9. Final simplification37.9%

              \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;{q}^{2} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+22}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + r\right) + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, q\right)\\ \end{array} \]
            10. Add Preprocessing

            Alternative 3: 66.0% accurate, 8.9× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;r \leq -9 \cdot 10^{-301}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{elif}\;r \leq 4.2 \cdot 10^{+80}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, q\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + r\right) + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
            q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
            NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
            (FPCore (p r q_m)
             :precision binary64
             (if (<= r -9e-301)
               (* (- (fabs r) (- p (fabs p))) 0.5)
               (if (<= r 4.2e+80)
                 (fma 0.5 (+ (fabs r) (fabs p)) q_m)
                 (* (+ (+ (fabs r) r) (fabs p)) 0.5))))
            q_m = fabs(q);
            assert(p < r && r < q_m);
            double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
            	double tmp;
            	if (r <= -9e-301) {
            		tmp = (fabs(r) - (p - fabs(p))) * 0.5;
            	} else if (r <= 4.2e+80) {
            		tmp = fma(0.5, (fabs(r) + fabs(p)), q_m);
            	} else {
            		tmp = ((fabs(r) + r) + fabs(p)) * 0.5;
            	}
            	return tmp;
            }
            
            q_m = abs(q)
            p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
            function code(p, r, q_m)
            	tmp = 0.0
            	if (r <= -9e-301)
            		tmp = Float64(Float64(abs(r) - Float64(p - abs(p))) * 0.5);
            	elseif (r <= 4.2e+80)
            		tmp = fma(0.5, Float64(abs(r) + abs(p)), q_m);
            	else
            		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(abs(r) + r) + abs(p)) * 0.5);
            	end
            	return tmp
            end
            
            q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
            NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
            code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[r, -9e-301], N[(N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] - N[(p - N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[r, 4.2e+80], N[(0.5 * N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + q$95$m), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + r), $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]]
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            q_m = \left|q\right|
            \\
            [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
            \\
            \begin{array}{l}
            \mathbf{if}\;r \leq -9 \cdot 10^{-301}:\\
            \;\;\;\;\left(\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\\
            
            \mathbf{elif}\;r \leq 4.2 \cdot 10^{+80}:\\
            \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, q\_m\right)\\
            
            \mathbf{else}:\\
            \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + r\right) + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot 0.5\\
            
            
            \end{array}
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Split input into 3 regimes
            2. if r < -9.00000000000000039e-301

              1. Initial program 50.3%

                \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                3. +-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r} + \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot r \]
                4. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                5. lower-fma.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot r \]
                6. lower-/.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                7. associate-+r+N/A

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + -1 \cdot p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                8. mul-1-negN/A

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                9. unsub-negN/A

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                10. lower--.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                11. +-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                12. lower-+.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                13. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|\right) - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                14. lower-fabs.f6412.1

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}\right) - p}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r \]
              5. Applied rewrites12.1%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - p}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
              6. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p\right)} \]
              7. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites20.8%

                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - p\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
                2. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites21.3%

                    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| - p\right) + \left|r\right|\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

                  if -9.00000000000000039e-301 < r < 4.20000000000000003e80

                  1. Initial program 64.5%

                    \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{q \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right)} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. *-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                    2. lower-*.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                    3. +-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} + 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                    4. *-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                    5. lower-fma.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                    6. lower-/.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                    7. +-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                    8. lower-+.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                    9. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                    10. lower-fabs.f6430.6

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}}{q}, 0.5, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                  5. Applied rewrites30.6%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}{q}, 0.5, 1\right) \cdot q} \]
                  6. Taylor expanded in q around 0

                    \[\leadsto q + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)} \]
                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites32.0%

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, q\right) \]

                    if 4.20000000000000003e80 < r

                    1. Initial program 23.4%

                      \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in p around -inf

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(p \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p}\right)\right)} \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. associate-*r*N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot p\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p}\right)} \]
                      2. *-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
                      3. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right)} \]
                      4. +-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p} + \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      5. *-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p} \cdot \frac{-1}{2}} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      6. lower-fma.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      7. lower-/.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)}{p}}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      8. +-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{r + \color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      9. associate-+r+N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      10. lower-+.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      11. lower-+.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right)} + \left|p\right|}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      12. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(r + \color{blue}{\left|r\right|}\right) + \left|p\right|}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      13. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot p\right) \]
                      14. mul-1-negN/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|}{p}, \frac{-1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)} \]
                      15. lower-neg.f6456.1

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|}{p}, -0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-p\right)} \]
                    5. Applied rewrites56.1%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|}{p}, -0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot \left(-p\right)} \]
                    6. Taylor expanded in p around 0

                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(r + \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)\right)} \]
                    7. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites76.4%

                        \[\leadsto \left(\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
                    8. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                    9. Final simplification35.6%

                      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;r \leq -9 \cdot 10^{-301}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left|r\right| - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{elif}\;r \leq 4.2 \cdot 10^{+80}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, q\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + r\right) + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \end{array} \]
                    10. Add Preprocessing

                    Alternative 4: 79.8% accurate, 10.0× speedup?

                    \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;q\_m \leq 280000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + r\right) - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, q\_m\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                    q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                    NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                    (FPCore (p r q_m)
                     :precision binary64
                     (if (<= q_m 280000000000.0)
                       (* (- (+ (fabs r) r) (- p (fabs p))) 0.5)
                       (fma 0.5 (+ (fabs r) (fabs p)) q_m)))
                    q_m = fabs(q);
                    assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                    double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                    	double tmp;
                    	if (q_m <= 280000000000.0) {
                    		tmp = ((fabs(r) + r) - (p - fabs(p))) * 0.5;
                    	} else {
                    		tmp = fma(0.5, (fabs(r) + fabs(p)), q_m);
                    	}
                    	return tmp;
                    }
                    
                    q_m = abs(q)
                    p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                    function code(p, r, q_m)
                    	tmp = 0.0
                    	if (q_m <= 280000000000.0)
                    		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(abs(r) + r) - Float64(p - abs(p))) * 0.5);
                    	else
                    		tmp = fma(0.5, Float64(abs(r) + abs(p)), q_m);
                    	end
                    	return tmp
                    end
                    
                    q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                    NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                    code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[q$95$m, 280000000000.0], N[(N[(N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + r), $MachinePrecision] - N[(p - N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + q$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]
                    
                    \begin{array}{l}
                    q_m = \left|q\right|
                    \\
                    [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                    \\
                    \begin{array}{l}
                    \mathbf{if}\;q\_m \leq 280000000000:\\
                    \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + r\right) - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\\
                    
                    \mathbf{else}:\\
                    \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, q\_m\right)\\
                    
                    
                    \end{array}
                    \end{array}
                    
                    Derivation
                    1. Split input into 2 regimes
                    2. if q < 2.8e11

                      1. Initial program 52.4%

                        \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                      2. Add Preprocessing
                      3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. *-commutativeN/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                        2. lower-*.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                        3. +-commutativeN/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r} + \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot r \]
                        4. *-commutativeN/A

                          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                        5. lower-fma.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot r \]
                        6. lower-/.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                        7. associate-+r+N/A

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + -1 \cdot p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                        8. mul-1-negN/A

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                        9. unsub-negN/A

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                        10. lower--.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                        11. +-commutativeN/A

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                        12. lower-+.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                        13. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|\right) - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                        14. lower-fabs.f6434.4

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}\right) - p}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r \]
                      5. Applied rewrites34.4%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - p}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                      6. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot r + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p\right)} \]
                      7. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites39.0%

                          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|\right) - p\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
                        2. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites39.1%

                            \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| - p\right) + \left(\left|r\right| + r\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 \]

                          if 2.8e11 < q

                          1. Initial program 39.2%

                            \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                          2. Add Preprocessing
                          3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{q \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right)} \]
                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. *-commutativeN/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                            2. lower-*.f64N/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                            3. +-commutativeN/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} + 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                            4. *-commutativeN/A

                              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                            5. lower-fma.f64N/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                            6. lower-/.f64N/A

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                            7. +-commutativeN/A

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                            8. lower-+.f64N/A

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                            9. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                            10. lower-fabs.f6477.5

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}}{q}, 0.5, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                          5. Applied rewrites77.5%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}{q}, 0.5, 1\right) \cdot q} \]
                          6. Taylor expanded in q around 0

                            \[\leadsto q + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)} \]
                          7. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. Applied rewrites77.6%

                              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, q\right) \]
                          8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                          9. Final simplification47.8%

                            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;q \leq 280000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\left|r\right| + r\right) - \left(p - \left|p\right|\right)\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, q\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                          10. Add Preprocessing

                          Alternative 5: 60.0% accurate, 12.5× speedup?

                          \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;r \leq 1.25 \cdot 10^{+81}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, q\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + r, 0.5, 0\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                          q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                          (FPCore (p r q_m)
                           :precision binary64
                           (if (<= r 1.25e+81)
                             (fma 0.5 (+ (fabs r) (fabs p)) q_m)
                             (fma (+ (fabs r) r) 0.5 0.0)))
                          q_m = fabs(q);
                          assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                          double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                          	double tmp;
                          	if (r <= 1.25e+81) {
                          		tmp = fma(0.5, (fabs(r) + fabs(p)), q_m);
                          	} else {
                          		tmp = fma((fabs(r) + r), 0.5, 0.0);
                          	}
                          	return tmp;
                          }
                          
                          q_m = abs(q)
                          p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                          function code(p, r, q_m)
                          	tmp = 0.0
                          	if (r <= 1.25e+81)
                          		tmp = fma(0.5, Float64(abs(r) + abs(p)), q_m);
                          	else
                          		tmp = fma(Float64(abs(r) + r), 0.5, 0.0);
                          	end
                          	return tmp
                          end
                          
                          q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                          code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[r, 1.25e+81], N[(0.5 * N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + q$95$m), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + r), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5 + 0.0), $MachinePrecision]]
                          
                          \begin{array}{l}
                          q_m = \left|q\right|
                          \\
                          [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                          \\
                          \begin{array}{l}
                          \mathbf{if}\;r \leq 1.25 \cdot 10^{+81}:\\
                          \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \left|r\right| + \left|p\right|, q\_m\right)\\
                          
                          \mathbf{else}:\\
                          \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + r, 0.5, 0\right)\\
                          
                          
                          \end{array}
                          \end{array}
                          
                          Derivation
                          1. Split input into 2 regimes
                          2. if r < 1.25e81

                            1. Initial program 55.9%

                              \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                            2. Add Preprocessing
                            3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{q \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right)} \]
                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. *-commutativeN/A

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                              2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                              3. +-commutativeN/A

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} + 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                              4. *-commutativeN/A

                                \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                              5. lower-fma.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                              6. lower-/.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                              7. +-commutativeN/A

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                              8. lower-+.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                              9. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                              10. lower-fabs.f6429.0

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}}{q}, 0.5, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                            5. Applied rewrites29.0%

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}{q}, 0.5, 1\right) \cdot q} \]
                            6. Taylor expanded in q around 0

                              \[\leadsto q + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)} \]
                            7. Step-by-step derivation
                              1. Applied rewrites31.1%

                                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}, q\right) \]

                              if 1.25e81 < r

                              1. Initial program 23.4%

                                \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                              2. Add Preprocessing
                              3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                              4. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. *-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                3. +-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r} + \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot r \]
                                4. *-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                5. lower-fma.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot r \]
                                6. lower-/.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                7. associate-+r+N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + -1 \cdot p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                8. mul-1-negN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                9. unsub-negN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                10. lower--.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                11. +-commutativeN/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                12. lower-+.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                13. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|\right) - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                14. lower-fabs.f6485.5

                                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}\right) - p}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r \]
                              5. Applied rewrites85.5%

                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - p}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                              6. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot r + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p\right)} \]
                              7. Step-by-step derivation
                                1. Applied rewrites85.4%

                                  \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|\right) - p\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
                                2. Step-by-step derivation
                                  1. Applied rewrites85.5%

                                    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| - p\right) + \left(\left|r\right| + r\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
                                  2. Applied rewrites74.8%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + r, 0.5, 0\right)} \]
                                3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                4. Add Preprocessing

                                Alternative 6: 39.0% accurate, 13.1× speedup?

                                \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;r \leq 1.12 \cdot 10^{-125}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + r, 0.5, 0\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                                q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                (FPCore (p r q_m)
                                 :precision binary64
                                 (if (<= r 1.12e-125)
                                   (* (+ (fabs r) (fabs p)) 0.5)
                                   (fma (+ (fabs r) r) 0.5 0.0)))
                                q_m = fabs(q);
                                assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                                double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                	double tmp;
                                	if (r <= 1.12e-125) {
                                		tmp = (fabs(r) + fabs(p)) * 0.5;
                                	} else {
                                		tmp = fma((fabs(r) + r), 0.5, 0.0);
                                	}
                                	return tmp;
                                }
                                
                                q_m = abs(q)
                                p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                function code(p, r, q_m)
                                	tmp = 0.0
                                	if (r <= 1.12e-125)
                                		tmp = Float64(Float64(abs(r) + abs(p)) * 0.5);
                                	else
                                		tmp = fma(Float64(abs(r) + r), 0.5, 0.0);
                                	end
                                	return tmp
                                end
                                
                                q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                                NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[r, 1.12e-125], N[(N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + N[Abs[p], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + r), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5 + 0.0), $MachinePrecision]]
                                
                                \begin{array}{l}
                                q_m = \left|q\right|
                                \\
                                [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                                \\
                                \begin{array}{l}
                                \mathbf{if}\;r \leq 1.12 \cdot 10^{-125}:\\
                                \;\;\;\;\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot 0.5\\
                                
                                \mathbf{else}:\\
                                \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + r, 0.5, 0\right)\\
                                
                                
                                \end{array}
                                \end{array}
                                
                                Derivation
                                1. Split input into 2 regimes
                                2. if r < 1.11999999999999997e-125

                                  1. Initial program 51.4%

                                    \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                  2. Add Preprocessing
                                  3. Taylor expanded in q around inf

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{q \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right)} \]
                                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. *-commutativeN/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                                    2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}\right) \cdot q} \]
                                    3. +-commutativeN/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} + 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                                    4. *-commutativeN/A

                                      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                    5. lower-fma.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right)} \cdot q \]
                                    6. lower-/.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|}{q}}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                    7. +-commutativeN/A

                                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                    8. lower-+.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                    9. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|}{q}, \frac{1}{2}, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                    10. lower-fabs.f6429.7

                                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}}{q}, 0.5, 1\right) \cdot q \]
                                  5. Applied rewrites29.7%

                                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|}{q}, 0.5, 1\right) \cdot q} \]
                                  6. Taylor expanded in q around 0

                                    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right)} \]
                                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                                    1. Applied rewrites13.6%

                                      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} \]

                                    if 1.11999999999999997e-125 < r

                                    1. Initial program 46.0%

                                      \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                    2. Add Preprocessing
                                    3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                                      1. *-commutativeN/A

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                      2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                      3. +-commutativeN/A

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r} + \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot r \]
                                      4. *-commutativeN/A

                                        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                      5. lower-fma.f64N/A

                                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot r \]
                                      6. lower-/.f64N/A

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                      7. associate-+r+N/A

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + -1 \cdot p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                      8. mul-1-negN/A

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                      9. unsub-negN/A

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                      10. lower--.f64N/A

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                      11. +-commutativeN/A

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                      12. lower-+.f64N/A

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                      13. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|\right) - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                      14. lower-fabs.f6463.7

                                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}\right) - p}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r \]
                                    5. Applied rewrites63.7%

                                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - p}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                                    6. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot r + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p\right)} \]
                                    7. Step-by-step derivation
                                      1. Applied rewrites63.5%

                                        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|\right) - p\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
                                      2. Step-by-step derivation
                                        1. Applied rewrites63.7%

                                          \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| - p\right) + \left(\left|r\right| + r\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
                                        2. Applied rewrites53.7%

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + r, 0.5, 0\right)} \]
                                      3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                      4. Final simplification28.2%

                                        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;r \leq 1.12 \cdot 10^{-125}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + r, 0.5, 0\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                                      5. Add Preprocessing

                                      Alternative 7: 38.8% accurate, 13.9× speedup?

                                      \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;r \leq 1.08 \cdot 10^{-125}:\\ \;\;\;\;-0.5 \cdot p\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + r, 0.5, 0\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                                      q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                                      NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                      (FPCore (p r q_m)
                                       :precision binary64
                                       (if (<= r 1.08e-125) (* -0.5 p) (fma (+ (fabs r) r) 0.5 0.0)))
                                      q_m = fabs(q);
                                      assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                                      double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                      	double tmp;
                                      	if (r <= 1.08e-125) {
                                      		tmp = -0.5 * p;
                                      	} else {
                                      		tmp = fma((fabs(r) + r), 0.5, 0.0);
                                      	}
                                      	return tmp;
                                      }
                                      
                                      q_m = abs(q)
                                      p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                      function code(p, r, q_m)
                                      	tmp = 0.0
                                      	if (r <= 1.08e-125)
                                      		tmp = Float64(-0.5 * p);
                                      	else
                                      		tmp = fma(Float64(abs(r) + r), 0.5, 0.0);
                                      	end
                                      	return tmp
                                      end
                                      
                                      q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                                      NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                      code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[r, 1.08e-125], N[(-0.5 * p), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Abs[r], $MachinePrecision] + r), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5 + 0.0), $MachinePrecision]]
                                      
                                      \begin{array}{l}
                                      q_m = \left|q\right|
                                      \\
                                      [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                                      \\
                                      \begin{array}{l}
                                      \mathbf{if}\;r \leq 1.08 \cdot 10^{-125}:\\
                                      \;\;\;\;-0.5 \cdot p\\
                                      
                                      \mathbf{else}:\\
                                      \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + r, 0.5, 0\right)\\
                                      
                                      
                                      \end{array}
                                      \end{array}
                                      
                                      Derivation
                                      1. Split input into 2 regimes
                                      2. if r < 1.07999999999999998e-125

                                        1. Initial program 51.4%

                                          \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                        2. Add Preprocessing
                                        3. Taylor expanded in p around -inf

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot p} \]
                                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                                          1. lower-*.f644.9

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot p} \]
                                        5. Applied rewrites4.9%

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot p} \]

                                        if 1.07999999999999998e-125 < r

                                        1. Initial program 46.0%

                                          \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                        2. Add Preprocessing
                                        3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{r \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right)} \]
                                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                                          1. *-commutativeN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                          2. lower-*.f64N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}\right) \cdot r} \]
                                          3. +-commutativeN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r} + \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot r \]
                                          4. *-commutativeN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r} \cdot \frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                          5. lower-fma.f64N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot r \]
                                          6. lower-/.f64N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|p\right| + \left(\left|r\right| + -1 \cdot p\right)}{r}}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                          7. associate-+r+N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + -1 \cdot p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                          8. mul-1-negN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(p\right)\right)}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                          9. unsub-negN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                          10. lower--.f64N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p}}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                          11. +-commutativeN/A

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                          12. lower-+.f64N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right)} - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                          13. lower-fabs.f64N/A

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left|r\right|} + \left|p\right|\right) - p}{r}, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot r \]
                                          14. lower-fabs.f6463.7

                                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|r\right| + \color{blue}{\left|p\right|}\right) - p}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r \]
                                        5. Applied rewrites63.7%

                                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(\left|r\right| + \left|p\right|\right) - p}{r}, 0.5, 0.5\right) \cdot r} \]
                                        6. Taylor expanded in r around 0

                                          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot r + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) - p\right)} \]
                                        7. Step-by-step derivation
                                          1. Applied rewrites63.5%

                                            \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(r + \left|r\right|\right) + \left|p\right|\right) - p\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.5} \]
                                          2. Step-by-step derivation
                                            1. Applied rewrites63.7%

                                              \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left|p\right| - p\right) + \left(\left|r\right| + r\right)\right) \cdot 0.5 \]
                                            2. Applied rewrites53.7%

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left|r\right| + r, 0.5, 0\right)} \]
                                          3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                          4. Add Preprocessing

                                          Alternative 8: 13.1% accurate, 20.8× speedup?

                                          \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;r \leq 5.7 \cdot 10^{-22}:\\ \;\;\;\;-0.5 \cdot p\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;r \cdot 0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                                          q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                                          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                          (FPCore (p r q_m) :precision binary64 (if (<= r 5.7e-22) (* -0.5 p) (* r 0.5)))
                                          q_m = fabs(q);
                                          assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                                          double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                          	double tmp;
                                          	if (r <= 5.7e-22) {
                                          		tmp = -0.5 * p;
                                          	} else {
                                          		tmp = r * 0.5;
                                          	}
                                          	return tmp;
                                          }
                                          
                                          q_m = abs(q)
                                          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                          real(8) function code(p, r, q_m)
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: p
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: r
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: q_m
                                              real(8) :: tmp
                                              if (r <= 5.7d-22) then
                                                  tmp = (-0.5d0) * p
                                              else
                                                  tmp = r * 0.5d0
                                              end if
                                              code = tmp
                                          end function
                                          
                                          q_m = Math.abs(q);
                                          assert p < r && r < q_m;
                                          public static double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                          	double tmp;
                                          	if (r <= 5.7e-22) {
                                          		tmp = -0.5 * p;
                                          	} else {
                                          		tmp = r * 0.5;
                                          	}
                                          	return tmp;
                                          }
                                          
                                          q_m = math.fabs(q)
                                          [p, r, q_m] = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                          def code(p, r, q_m):
                                          	tmp = 0
                                          	if r <= 5.7e-22:
                                          		tmp = -0.5 * p
                                          	else:
                                          		tmp = r * 0.5
                                          	return tmp
                                          
                                          q_m = abs(q)
                                          p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                          function code(p, r, q_m)
                                          	tmp = 0.0
                                          	if (r <= 5.7e-22)
                                          		tmp = Float64(-0.5 * p);
                                          	else
                                          		tmp = Float64(r * 0.5);
                                          	end
                                          	return tmp
                                          end
                                          
                                          q_m = abs(q);
                                          p, r, q_m = num2cell(sort([p, r, q_m])){:}
                                          function tmp_2 = code(p, r, q_m)
                                          	tmp = 0.0;
                                          	if (r <= 5.7e-22)
                                          		tmp = -0.5 * p;
                                          	else
                                          		tmp = r * 0.5;
                                          	end
                                          	tmp_2 = tmp;
                                          end
                                          
                                          q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                                          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                          code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := If[LessEqual[r, 5.7e-22], N[(-0.5 * p), $MachinePrecision], N[(r * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]]
                                          
                                          \begin{array}{l}
                                          q_m = \left|q\right|
                                          \\
                                          [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                                          \\
                                          \begin{array}{l}
                                          \mathbf{if}\;r \leq 5.7 \cdot 10^{-22}:\\
                                          \;\;\;\;-0.5 \cdot p\\
                                          
                                          \mathbf{else}:\\
                                          \;\;\;\;r \cdot 0.5\\
                                          
                                          
                                          \end{array}
                                          \end{array}
                                          
                                          Derivation
                                          1. Split input into 2 regimes
                                          2. if r < 5.6999999999999996e-22

                                            1. Initial program 53.7%

                                              \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                            2. Add Preprocessing
                                            3. Taylor expanded in p around -inf

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot p} \]
                                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                                              1. lower-*.f644.9

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot p} \]
                                            5. Applied rewrites4.9%

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot p} \]

                                            if 5.6999999999999996e-22 < r

                                            1. Initial program 39.3%

                                              \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                            2. Add Preprocessing
                                            3. Taylor expanded in r around inf

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot r} \]
                                            4. Step-by-step derivation
                                              1. lower-*.f6414.0

                                                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot r} \]
                                            5. Applied rewrites14.0%

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot r} \]
                                          3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                                          4. Final simplification7.6%

                                            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;r \leq 5.7 \cdot 10^{-22}:\\ \;\;\;\;-0.5 \cdot p\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;r \cdot 0.5\\ \end{array} \]
                                          5. Add Preprocessing

                                          Alternative 9: 8.6% accurate, 41.7× speedup?

                                          \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ -0.5 \cdot p \end{array} \]
                                          q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                                          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                          (FPCore (p r q_m) :precision binary64 (* -0.5 p))
                                          q_m = fabs(q);
                                          assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                                          double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                          	return -0.5 * p;
                                          }
                                          
                                          q_m = abs(q)
                                          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                          real(8) function code(p, r, q_m)
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: p
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: r
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: q_m
                                              code = (-0.5d0) * p
                                          end function
                                          
                                          q_m = Math.abs(q);
                                          assert p < r && r < q_m;
                                          public static double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                          	return -0.5 * p;
                                          }
                                          
                                          q_m = math.fabs(q)
                                          [p, r, q_m] = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                          def code(p, r, q_m):
                                          	return -0.5 * p
                                          
                                          q_m = abs(q)
                                          p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                          function code(p, r, q_m)
                                          	return Float64(-0.5 * p)
                                          end
                                          
                                          q_m = abs(q);
                                          p, r, q_m = num2cell(sort([p, r, q_m])){:}
                                          function tmp = code(p, r, q_m)
                                          	tmp = -0.5 * p;
                                          end
                                          
                                          q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                                          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                          code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := N[(-0.5 * p), $MachinePrecision]
                                          
                                          \begin{array}{l}
                                          q_m = \left|q\right|
                                          \\
                                          [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                                          \\
                                          -0.5 \cdot p
                                          \end{array}
                                          
                                          Derivation
                                          1. Initial program 49.4%

                                            \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                          2. Add Preprocessing
                                          3. Taylor expanded in p around -inf

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot p} \]
                                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                                            1. lower-*.f644.8

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot p} \]
                                          5. Applied rewrites4.8%

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot p} \]
                                          6. Add Preprocessing

                                          Alternative 10: 1.2% accurate, 83.3× speedup?

                                          \[\begin{array}{l} q_m = \left|q\right| \\ [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\ \\ -q\_m \end{array} \]
                                          q_m = (fabs.f64 q)
                                          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                          (FPCore (p r q_m) :precision binary64 (- q_m))
                                          q_m = fabs(q);
                                          assert(p < r && r < q_m);
                                          double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                          	return -q_m;
                                          }
                                          
                                          q_m = abs(q)
                                          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                          real(8) function code(p, r, q_m)
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: p
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: r
                                              real(8), intent (in) :: q_m
                                              code = -q_m
                                          end function
                                          
                                          q_m = Math.abs(q);
                                          assert p < r && r < q_m;
                                          public static double code(double p, double r, double q_m) {
                                          	return -q_m;
                                          }
                                          
                                          q_m = math.fabs(q)
                                          [p, r, q_m] = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                          def code(p, r, q_m):
                                          	return -q_m
                                          
                                          q_m = abs(q)
                                          p, r, q_m = sort([p, r, q_m])
                                          function code(p, r, q_m)
                                          	return Float64(-q_m)
                                          end
                                          
                                          q_m = abs(q);
                                          p, r, q_m = num2cell(sort([p, r, q_m])){:}
                                          function tmp = code(p, r, q_m)
                                          	tmp = -q_m;
                                          end
                                          
                                          q_m = N[Abs[q], $MachinePrecision]
                                          NOTE: p, r, and q_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
                                          code[p_, r_, q$95$m_] := (-q$95$m)
                                          
                                          \begin{array}{l}
                                          q_m = \left|q\right|
                                          \\
                                          [p, r, q_m] = \mathsf{sort}([p, r, q_m])\\
                                          \\
                                          -q\_m
                                          \end{array}
                                          
                                          Derivation
                                          1. Initial program 49.4%

                                            \[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \left(\left(\left|p\right| + \left|r\right|\right) + \sqrt{{\left(p - r\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot {q}^{2}}\right) \]
                                          2. Add Preprocessing
                                          3. Taylor expanded in q around -inf

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot q} \]
                                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                                            1. mul-1-negN/A

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(q\right)} \]
                                            2. lower-neg.f6420.5

                                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                                          5. Applied rewrites20.5%

                                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-q} \]
                                          6. Add Preprocessing

                                          Reproduce

                                          ?
                                          herbie shell --seed 2024312 
                                          (FPCore (p r q)
                                            :name "1/2(abs(p)+abs(r) + sqrt((p-r)^2 + 4q^2))"
                                            :precision binary64
                                            (* (/ 1.0 2.0) (+ (+ (fabs p) (fabs r)) (sqrt (+ (pow (- p r) 2.0) (* 4.0 (pow q 2.0)))))))