Trigonometry A

Percentage Accurate: 99.8% → 99.8%

Time: 7.1s

Alternatives: 11

Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

\[0 \leq e \land e \leq 1\]

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (/ (* e (sin v)) (+ 1.0 (* e (cos v)))))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e * sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * cos(v)));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = (e * sin(v)) / (1.0d0 + (e * cos(v)))
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e * Math.sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * Math.cos(v)));
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return (e * math.sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * math.cos(v)))

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(e * sin(v)) / Float64(1.0 + Float64(e * cos(v))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = (e * sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * cos(v)));
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(e * N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + N[(e * N[Cos[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (/ (* e (sin v)) (+ 1.0 (* e (cos v)))))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e * sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * cos(v)));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = (e * sin(v)) / (1.0d0 + (e * cos(v)))
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e * Math.sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * Math.cos(v)));
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return (e * math.sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * math.cos(v)))

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(e * sin(v)) / Float64(1.0 + Float64(e * cos(v))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = (e * sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * cos(v)));
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(e * N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + N[(e * N[Cos[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\sin v}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)} \cdot e \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (/ (sin v) (fma (cos v) e 1.0)) e))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return (sin(v) / fma(cos(v), e, 1.0)) * e;
}

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(sin(v) / fma(cos(v), e, 1.0)) * e)
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[v], $MachinePrecision] * e + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * e), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v}}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]

   3. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \cdot e} \]

   5. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \cdot e} \]

   6. lower-/.f64 99.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \cdot e \]

   7. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \cdot e \]

   8. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v + 1}} \cdot e \]

   9. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v} + 1} \cdot e \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{\cos v \cdot e} + 1} \cdot e \]

   11. lower-fma.f64 99.8

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}} \cdot e \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)} \cdot e} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (* (fma (- e) (cos v) 1.0) (sin v)) e))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return (fma(-e, cos(v), 1.0) * sin(v)) * e;
}

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(fma(Float64(-e), cos(v), 1.0) * sin(v)) * e)
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(N[((-e) * N[Cos[v], $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * e), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v}}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]

   3. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \cdot e} \]

   5. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \cdot e} \]

   6. lower-/.f64 99.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \cdot e \]

   7. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \cdot e \]

   8. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v + 1}} \cdot e \]

   9. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v} + 1} \cdot e \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{\cos v \cdot e} + 1} \cdot e \]

   11. lower-fma.f64 99.8

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}} \cdot e \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)} \cdot e} \]

5. Taylor expanded in e around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin v + -1 \cdot \left(e \cdot \left(\cos v \cdot \sin v\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin v + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \left(\cos v \cdot \sin v\right)\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e \]

   2. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin v + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(e \cdot \cos v\right) \cdot \sin v}\right)\right)\right) \cdot e \]

   3. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin v + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) \cdot \sin v}\right) \cdot e \]

   4. distribute-rgt1-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) + 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right)} \cdot e \]

   5. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) + 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right)} \cdot e \]

   6. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e\right)\right) \cdot \cos v} + 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   7. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot e\right)} \cdot \cos v + 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   8. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1 \cdot e, \cos v, 1\right)} \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   9. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(e\right)}, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   10. lower-neg.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-e}, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   11. lower-cos.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \color{blue}{\cos v}, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   12. lower-sin.f64 99.2

       \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sin v}\right) \cdot e \]

7. Applied rewrites 99.2%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right)} \cdot e \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \left(\sin v \cdot e\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (fma (- e) (cos v) 1.0) (* (sin v) e)))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return fma(-e, cos(v), 1.0) * (sin(v) * e);
}

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(fma(Float64(-e), cos(v), 1.0) * Float64(sin(v) * e))
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[((-e) * N[Cos[v], $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision] * e), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in e around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \left(\sin v + -1 \cdot \left(e \cdot \left(\cos v \cdot \sin v\right)\right)\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-lft-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v + e \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(e \cdot \left(\cos v \cdot \sin v\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto e \cdot \sin v + e \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \left(\cos v \cdot \sin v\right)\right)\right)} \]

   3. distribute-rgt-neg-out N/A

      \[\leadsto e \cdot \sin v + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \left(e \cdot \left(\cos v \cdot \sin v\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]

   4. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto e \cdot \sin v + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e \cdot \cos v\right) \cdot \sin v\right)}\right)\right) \]

   5. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto e \cdot \sin v + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos v \cdot e\right)} \cdot \sin v\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. associate-*l* N/A

      \[\leadsto e \cdot \sin v + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos v \cdot \left(e \cdot \sin v\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

   7. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto e \cdot \sin v + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(e \cdot \cos v\right) \cdot \left(e \cdot \sin v\right)}\right)\right) \]

   8. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto e \cdot \sin v + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) \cdot \left(e \cdot \sin v\right)} \]

   9. distribute-rgt1-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(e \cdot \sin v\right)} \]

   10. lower-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) + 1\right) \cdot \left(e \cdot \sin v\right)} \]

   11. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e\right)\right) \cdot \cos v} + 1\right) \cdot \left(e \cdot \sin v\right) \]

   12. mul-1-neg N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot e\right)} \cdot \cos v + 1\right) \cdot \left(e \cdot \sin v\right) \]

   13. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1 \cdot e, \cos v, 1\right)} \cdot \left(e \cdot \sin v\right) \]

   14. mul-1-neg N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(e\right)}, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \left(e \cdot \sin v\right) \]

   15. lower-neg.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-e}, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \left(e \cdot \sin v\right) \]

   16. lower-cos.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \color{blue}{\cos v}, 1\right) \cdot \left(e \cdot \sin v\right) \]

   17. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin v \cdot e\right)} \]

   18. lower-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin v \cdot e\right)} \]

   19. lower-sin.f64 99.1

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sin v} \cdot e\right) \]

5. Applied rewrites 99.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \left(\sin v \cdot e\right)} \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 98.8% accurate, 1.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (/ (* e (sin v)) (+ 1.0 e)))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e * sin(v)) / (1.0 + e);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = (e * sin(v)) / (1.0d0 + e)
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e * Math.sin(v)) / (1.0 + e);
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return (e * math.sin(v)) / (1.0 + e)

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(e * sin(v)) / Float64(1.0 + e))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = (e * sin(v)) / (1.0 + e);
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(e * N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + e), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-+.f64 98.9

      \[\leadsto \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.9%

   \[\leadsto \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 98.2% accurate, 2.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(1 - e\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (* (- 1.0 e) (sin v)) e))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return ((1.0 - e) * sin(v)) * e;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = ((1.0d0 - e) * sin(v)) * e
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return ((1.0 - e) * Math.sin(v)) * e;
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return ((1.0 - e) * math.sin(v)) * e

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 - e) * sin(v)) * e)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = ((1.0 - e) * sin(v)) * e;
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(N[(1.0 - e), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * e), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v}}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]

   3. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \cdot e} \]

   5. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \cdot e} \]

   6. lower-/.f64 99.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \cdot e \]

   7. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \cdot e \]

   8. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v + 1}} \cdot e \]

   9. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v} + 1} \cdot e \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{\cos v \cdot e} + 1} \cdot e \]

   11. lower-fma.f64 99.8

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}} \cdot e \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)} \cdot e} \]

5. Taylor expanded in e around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin v + -1 \cdot \left(e \cdot \left(\cos v \cdot \sin v\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin v + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \left(\cos v \cdot \sin v\right)\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e \]

   2. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin v + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(e \cdot \cos v\right) \cdot \sin v}\right)\right)\right) \cdot e \]

   3. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin v + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) \cdot \sin v}\right) \cdot e \]

   4. distribute-rgt1-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) + 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right)} \cdot e \]

   5. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) + 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right)} \cdot e \]

   6. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e\right)\right) \cdot \cos v} + 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   7. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot e\right)} \cdot \cos v + 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   8. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1 \cdot e, \cos v, 1\right)} \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   9. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(e\right)}, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   10. lower-neg.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-e}, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   11. lower-cos.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \color{blue}{\cos v}, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   12. lower-sin.f64 99.2

       \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sin v}\right) \cdot e \]

7. Applied rewrites 99.2%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right)} \cdot e \]

8. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot e\right) \cdot \sin \color{blue}{v}\right) \cdot e \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

10. Applied rewrites 98.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 - e\right) \cdot \sin \color{blue}{v}\right) \cdot e \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 97.7% accurate, 2.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sin v \cdot e \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (sin v) e))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return sin(v) * e;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = sin(v) * e
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return Math.sin(v) * e;
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return math.sin(v) * e

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(sin(v) * e)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = sin(v) * e;
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision] * e), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in e around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin v \cdot e} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin v \cdot e} \]

   3. lower-sin.f64 98.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin v} \cdot e \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin v \cdot e} \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 52.7% accurate, 4.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  e
  (/
   (fma
    (fma -0.5 e (fma 0.16666666666666666 e 0.16666666666666666))
    (* v v)
    (+ 1.0 e))
   v)))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return e / (fma(fma(-0.5, e, fma(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666)), (v * v), (1.0 + e)) / v);
}

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(e / Float64(fma(fma(-0.5, e, fma(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666)), Float64(v * v), Float64(1.0 + e)) / v))
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(e / N[(N[(N[(-0.5 * e + N[(0.16666666666666666 * e + 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 + e), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-+.f64 98.9

      \[\leadsto \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.9%

   \[\leadsto \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e}} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v}}{1 + e} \]

   3. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \frac{\sin v}{1 + e}} \]

   4. clear-num N/A

      \[\leadsto e \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1 + e}{\sin v}}} \]

   5. un-div-inv N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{1 + e}{\sin v}}} \]

   6. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{1 + e}{\sin v}}} \]

   7. lower-/.f64 98.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + e}{\sin v}}} \]

7. Applied rewrites 98.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{1 + e}{\sin v}}} \]

8. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \left(e + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}{v}}} \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \left(e + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}{v}}} \]

   2. associate-+r+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e\right) + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)}}{v}} \]

   3. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right) + \left(1 + e\right)}}{v}} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} + \left(1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   5. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}}{v}} \]

   6. sub-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}, {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   7. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}, {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   8. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   9. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   10. +-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e + 1\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   11. distribute-lft-in N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot e + \frac{1}{6} \cdot 1}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \frac{1}{6} \cdot e + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   13. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   14. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)\right), \color{blue}{v \cdot v}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   15. lower-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)\right), \color{blue}{v \cdot v}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   16. lower-+.f64 55.6

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, \color{blue}{1 + e}\right)}{v}} \]

10. Applied rewrites 55.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, 1 + e\right)}{v}}} \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 51.6% accurate, 11.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{v}{1 + e} \cdot e \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (/ v (+ 1.0 e)) e))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return (v / (1.0 + e)) * e;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = (v / (1.0d0 + e)) * e
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return (v / (1.0 + e)) * e;
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return (v / (1.0 + e)) * e

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(v / Float64(1.0 + e)) * e)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = (v / (1.0 + e)) * e;
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(v / N[(1.0 + e), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * e), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v}}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]

   3. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \cdot e} \]

   5. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \cdot e} \]

   6. lower-/.f64 99.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \cdot e \]

   7. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \cdot e \]

   8. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v + 1}} \cdot e \]

   9. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v} + 1} \cdot e \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{\cos v \cdot e} + 1} \cdot e \]

   11. lower-fma.f64 99.8

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}} \cdot e \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)} \cdot e} \]

5. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{v}{1 + e}} \cdot e \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{v}{1 + e}} \cdot e \]

   2. lower-+.f64 54.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{v}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \cdot e \]

7. Applied rewrites 54.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{v}{1 + e}} \cdot e \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 51.6% accurate, 11.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (/ e (+ 1.0 e)) v))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e / (1.0 + e)) * v;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = (e / (1.0d0 + e)) * v
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e / (1.0 + e)) * v;
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return (e / (1.0 + e)) * v

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(e / Float64(1.0 + e)) * v)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = (e / (1.0 + e)) * v;
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(e / N[(1.0 + e), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * v), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot v}{1 + e}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l/ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   3. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

   4. lower-+.f64 54.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

5. Applied rewrites 54.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 51.1% accurate, 16.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(-v, e, v\right) \cdot e \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (fma (- v) e v) e))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return fma(-v, e, v) * e;
}

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(fma(Float64(-v), e, v) * e)
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[((-v) * e + v), $MachinePrecision] * e), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot v}{1 + e}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l/ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   3. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

   4. lower-+.f64 54.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

5. Applied rewrites 54.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

6. Taylor expanded in e around 0

   \[\leadsto e \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v + -1 \cdot \left(e \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 54.5%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-v, e, v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{e} \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 50.5% accurate, 37.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ e \cdot v \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* e v))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return e * v;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = e * v
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return e * v;
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return e * v

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(e * v)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = e * v;
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(e * v), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot v}{1 + e}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l/ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   3. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

   4. lower-+.f64 54.7

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

5. Applied rewrites 54.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

6. Taylor expanded in e around 0

   \[\leadsto e \cdot \color{blue}{v} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 54.3%

   \[\leadsto e \cdot \color{blue}{v} \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024309 
(FPCore (e v)
  :name "Trigonometry A"
  :precision binary64
  :pre (and (<= 0.0 e) (<= e 1.0))
  (/ (* e (sin v)) (+ 1.0 (* e (cos v)))))