Destination given bearing on a great circle

Percentage Accurate: 99.8% → 99.8%
Time: 13.5s
Alternatives: 13
Speedup: 1.2×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (sin phi1)
     (sin
      (asin
       (+
        (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
        (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - (Math.sin(phi1) * Math.sin(Math.asin(((Math.sin(phi1) * Math.cos(delta)) + ((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(theta))))))));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - (math.sin(phi1) * math.sin(math.asin(((math.sin(phi1) * math.cos(delta)) + ((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(theta))))))))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))))))))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 13 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (sin phi1)
     (sin
      (asin
       (+
        (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
        (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - (Math.sin(phi1) * Math.sin(Math.asin(((Math.sin(phi1) * Math.cos(delta)) + ((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(theta))))))));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - (math.sin(phi1) * math.sin(math.asin(((math.sin(phi1) * math.cos(delta)) + ((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(theta))))))))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))))))))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.8% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)) (sin delta))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (fma
     (* (* (cos theta) (cos phi1)) (sin delta))
     (sin phi1)
     (* (pow (sin phi1) 2.0) (cos delta)))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), (cos(delta) - fma(((cos(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), sin(phi1), (pow(sin(phi1), 2.0) * cos(delta)))));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), Float64(cos(delta) - fma(Float64(Float64(cos(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), sin(phi1), Float64((sin(phi1) ^ 2.0) * cos(delta))))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.8%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    2. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    3. lift-asin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    4. sin-asinN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    5. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    6. flip-+N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}}} \]
    7. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}}}} \]
    8. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}}}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    3. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    6. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    7. lower-*.f6499.8

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
  6. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}}} \]
    2. lift-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}}} \]
    3. associate-/r/N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \phi_1}{1} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
    4. /-rgt-identityN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    5. lift-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) + \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
    6. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
    7. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1} + \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
    8. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta} + \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
    9. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1} \cdot \cos delta + \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
    10. lift-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos delta} + \cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
    11. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos theta}\right)} \]
    12. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    13. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    14. lift-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1} \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    15. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    16. lift-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos theta}\right)} \]
  8. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos theta, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    3. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right)}, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    5. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    6. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    8. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    9. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    10. lower-*.f6499.8

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1, \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    11. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}\right)} \]
    12. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \]
    13. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\cos delta \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]
    14. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos delta}\right)} \]
    15. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos delta}\right)} \]
    16. pow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
    17. lower-pow.f6499.8

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
  10. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.8% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}^{-1}}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)) (sin delta))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (/
     (sin phi1)
     (pow
      (fma (cos theta) (* (sin delta) (cos phi1)) (* (cos delta) (sin phi1)))
      -1.0))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) / pow(fma(cos(theta), (sin(delta) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) * sin(phi1))), -1.0))));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) / (fma(cos(theta), Float64(sin(delta) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) * sin(phi1))) ^ -1.0)))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}^{-1}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.8%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    2. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    3. lift-asin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    4. sin-asinN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    5. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    6. flip-+N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}}} \]
    7. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}}}} \]
    8. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}}}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    3. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    6. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    7. lower-*.f6499.8

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
  6. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
  7. Final simplification99.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}^{-1}}} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 94.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}^{-1}}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (/
     (sin phi1)
     (pow (fma (sin phi1) (cos delta) (* (cos phi1) (sin delta))) -1.0))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) / pow(fma(sin(phi1), cos(delta), (cos(phi1) * sin(delta))), -1.0))));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) / (fma(sin(phi1), cos(delta), Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta))) ^ -1.0)))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}^{-1}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.8%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    2. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    3. lift-asin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    4. sin-asinN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    5. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    6. flip-+N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}}} \]
    7. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}}}} \]
    8. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}}}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\cos theta \cdot \sin delta}}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \cos theta}}}} \]
    2. associate-/r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{\sin delta}}{\cos theta}}}} \]
    3. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{\sin delta}}{\cos theta}}}} \]
    4. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sin delta}}}{\cos theta}}} \]
    5. lower-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\sin delta}}}{\cos theta}}} \]
    6. lower-cos.f6491.0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{\frac{1}{\sin delta}}{\color{blue}{\cos theta}}}} \]
  7. Applied rewrites91.0%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{\sin delta}}{\cos theta}}}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta}}}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta}}}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta}}} \]
    3. lower-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}}} \]
    4. lower-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}} \]
    5. lower-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\cos delta}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}} \]
    6. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta}\right)}}} \]
    7. lower-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1} \cdot \sin delta\right)}}} \]
    8. lower-sin.f6495.4

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}\right)}}} \]
  10. Applied rewrites95.4%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}}} \]
  11. Final simplification95.4%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}^{-1}}} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 94.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)}^{-1}}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (/
     (sin phi1)
     (pow (fma (sin delta) (cos phi1) (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))) -1.0))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) / pow(fma(sin(delta), cos(phi1), (sin(phi1) * cos(delta))), -1.0))));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) / (fma(sin(delta), cos(phi1), Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta))) ^ -1.0)))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)}^{-1}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.8%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    2. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    3. lift-asin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    4. sin-asinN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    5. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    6. flip-+N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}}} \]
    7. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}}}} \]
    8. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}}}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta}}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta}}}} \]
    2. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta + \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1}}}} \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1} + \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1}}} \]
    4. lower-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}}} \]
    5. lower-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin delta}, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    6. lower-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta}\right)}}} \]
    8. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta}\right)}}} \]
    9. lower-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1} \cdot \cos delta\right)}}} \]
    10. lower-cos.f6495.4

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos delta}\right)}}} \]
  7. Applied rewrites95.4%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}}}} \]
  8. Final simplification95.4%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)}^{-1}}} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 99.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \cos theta, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)) (sin delta))
   (fma
    (fma (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta) (* (cos delta) (sin phi1)))
    (- (sin phi1))
    (cos delta)))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), fma(fma((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)), cos(theta), (cos(delta) * sin(phi1))), -sin(phi1), cos(delta)));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), fma(fma(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)), cos(theta), Float64(cos(delta) * sin(phi1))), Float64(-sin(phi1)), cos(delta))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]) + N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \cos theta, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.8%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    2. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    3. lift-asin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    4. sin-asinN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    5. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    6. flip-+N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}}} \]
    7. clear-numN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}}}} \]
    8. un-div-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta - \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}}}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    3. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    6. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
    7. lower-*.f6499.8

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
  6. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}}} \]
    2. sub-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\color{blue}{\cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}\right)\right)}} \]
    3. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\sin \phi_1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}}\right)\right) + \cos delta}} \]
  8. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \cos theta, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right), -\sin \phi_1, \cos delta\right)}} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 94.8% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (* (fma (sin phi1) (cos delta) (* (sin delta) (cos phi1))) (sin phi1))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (fma(sin(phi1), cos(delta), (sin(delta) * cos(phi1))) * sin(phi1))));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(fma(sin(phi1), cos(delta), Float64(sin(delta) * cos(phi1))) * sin(phi1)))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.8%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
    2. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
    3. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    4. lower-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    5. lower-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    6. lower-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\cos delta}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    7. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1}\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    8. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1}\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    9. lower-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    10. lower-cos.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]
    11. lower-sin.f6495.4

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}} \]
  5. Applied rewrites95.4%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 92.5% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\left({\left({\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{-1}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (- (cos delta) (pow (pow (pow (sin phi1) 2.0) -1.0) -1.0)))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - pow(pow(pow(sin(phi1), 2.0), -1.0), -1.0)));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (((sin(phi1) ** 2.0d0) ** (-1.0d0)) ** (-1.0d0))))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - Math.pow(Math.pow(Math.pow(Math.sin(phi1), 2.0), -1.0), -1.0)));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - math.pow(math.pow(math.pow(math.sin(phi1), 2.0), -1.0), -1.0)))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - (((sin(phi1) ^ 2.0) ^ -1.0) ^ -1.0))))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (((sin(phi1) ^ 2.0) ^ -1.0) ^ -1.0)));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[N[Power[N[Power[N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision], -1.0], $MachinePrecision], -1.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\left({\left({\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{-1}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.8%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Applied rewrites94.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \sin delta, \left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos delta\right), {\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{2}\right)}{\left({\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}^{3} + {\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}}}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}}}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-/.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}}}} \]
    2. lower-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{1}{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}}}} \]
    3. lower-sin.f6493.4

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{1}{\frac{1}{{\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}}^{2}}}} \]
  6. Applied rewrites93.4%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}}}} \]
  7. Final simplification93.4%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\left({\left({\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)}^{-1}\right)}^{-1}} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 92.5% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (- (cos delta) (pow (sin phi1) 2.0)))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - pow(sin(phi1), 2.0)));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) ** 2.0d0)))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - Math.pow(Math.sin(phi1), 2.0)));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - math.pow(math.sin(phi1), 2.0)))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) ^ 2.0))))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) ^ 2.0)));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.8%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
    2. lower-sin.f6493.4

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
  5. Applied rewrites93.4%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 89.1% accurate, 2.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)) (sin delta)) (cos delta))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.cos(phi1)) * Math.sin(delta)), Math.cos(delta));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.cos(phi1)) * math.sin(delta)), math.cos(delta))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.8%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-cos.f6490.0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
  5. Applied rewrites90.0%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta} \]
    3. associate-*l*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
    5. associate-*r*N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
    6. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
    7. lower-*.f6490.0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
  7. Applied rewrites90.0%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
  8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 87.1% accurate, 3.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos delta))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)), Math.cos(delta));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)), math.cos(delta))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.8%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lower-cos.f6490.0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
  5. Applied rewrites90.0%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
    2. lower-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
    3. lower-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
    4. lower-sin.f6487.6

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
  8. Applied rewrites87.6%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 80.4% accurate, 4.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -7.4 \cdot 10^{+68} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 10^{+41}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot delta, delta, 1\right) \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= delta -7.4e+68) (not (<= delta 1e+41)))
   (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta)))
   (+
    lambda1
    (atan2
     (* (* (fma (* -0.16666666666666666 delta) delta 1.0) (sin theta)) delta)
     (cos delta)))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double tmp;
	if ((delta <= -7.4e+68) || !(delta <= 1e+41)) {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
	} else {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((fma((-0.16666666666666666 * delta), delta, 1.0) * sin(theta)) * delta), cos(delta));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((delta <= -7.4e+68) || !(delta <= 1e+41))
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(fma(Float64(-0.16666666666666666 * delta), delta, 1.0) * sin(theta)) * delta), cos(delta)));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[Or[LessEqual[delta, -7.4e+68], N[Not[LessEqual[delta, 1e+41]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[(N[(-0.16666666666666666 * delta), $MachinePrecision] * delta + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -7.4 \cdot 10^{+68} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 10^{+41}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot delta, delta, 1\right) \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if delta < -7.39999999999999996e68 or 1.00000000000000001e41 < delta

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-cos.f6485.1

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites85.1%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      3. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
      4. lower-sin.f6481.2

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
    8. Applied rewrites81.2%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites75.9%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]

      if -7.39999999999999996e68 < delta < 1.00000000000000001e41

      1. Initial program 99.8%

        \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-cos.f6493.0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      5. Applied rewrites93.0%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        2. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        3. lower-sin.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
        4. lower-sin.f6491.5

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      8. Applied rewrites91.5%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin theta + \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left({delta}^{2} \cdot \sin theta\right)\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
      10. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites90.9%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot delta, delta, 1\right) \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \color{blue}{delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      11. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      12. Final simplification85.2%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -7.4 \cdot 10^{+68} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 10^{+41}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot delta, delta, 1\right) \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \]
      13. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 12: 80.9% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -5.3 \cdot 10^{+39} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 3 \cdot 10^{-6}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
       :precision binary64
       (if (or (<= delta -5.3e+39) (not (<= delta 3e-6)))
         (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta)))
         (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin theta) delta) (cos delta)))))
      double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	double tmp;
      	if ((delta <= -5.3e+39) || !(delta <= 3e-6)) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
      	} else {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
          real(8), intent (in) :: delta
          real(8), intent (in) :: theta
          real(8) :: tmp
          if ((delta <= (-5.3d+39)) .or. (.not. (delta <= 3d-6))) then
              tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta))
          else
              tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta))
          end if
          code = tmp
      end function
      
      public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	double tmp;
      	if ((delta <= -5.3e+39) || !(delta <= 3e-6)) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(delta) * theta), Math.cos(delta));
      	} else {
      		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(theta) * delta), Math.cos(delta));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
      	tmp = 0
      	if (delta <= -5.3e+39) or not (delta <= 3e-6):
      		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(delta) * theta), math.cos(delta))
      	else:
      		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(theta) * delta), math.cos(delta))
      	return tmp
      
      function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if ((delta <= -5.3e+39) || !(delta <= 3e-6))
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)));
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta)));
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	tmp = 0.0;
      	if ((delta <= -5.3e+39) || ~((delta <= 3e-6)))
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
      	else
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta));
      	end
      	tmp_2 = tmp;
      end
      
      code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[Or[LessEqual[delta, -5.3e+39], N[Not[LessEqual[delta, 3e-6]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -5.3 \cdot 10^{+39} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 3 \cdot 10^{-6}\right):\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 2 regimes
      2. if delta < -5.29999999999999979e39 or 3.0000000000000001e-6 < delta

        1. Initial program 99.7%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f6485.1

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites85.1%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          3. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
          4. lower-sin.f6480.5

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        8. Applied rewrites80.5%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        10. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites74.0%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]

          if -5.29999999999999979e39 < delta < 3.0000000000000001e-6

          1. Initial program 99.8%

            \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-cos.f6493.8

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          5. Applied rewrites93.8%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            3. lower-sin.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
            4. lower-sin.f6493.1

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          8. Applied rewrites93.1%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          10. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites93.1%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          11. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
          12. Final simplification84.7%

            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -5.3 \cdot 10^{+39} \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 3 \cdot 10^{-6}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \]
          13. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 13: 74.0% accurate, 4.3× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
           :precision binary64
           (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta))))
          double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
          	return lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
          }
          
          real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
              real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
              real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
              real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
              real(8), intent (in) :: delta
              real(8), intent (in) :: theta
              code = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta))
          end function
          
          public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
          	return lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(delta) * theta), Math.cos(delta));
          }
          
          def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
          	return lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(delta) * theta), math.cos(delta))
          
          function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)))
          end
          
          function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          	tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
          end
          
          code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Initial program 99.8%

            \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-cos.f6490.0

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          5. Applied rewrites90.0%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            3. lower-sin.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
            4. lower-sin.f6487.6

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          8. Applied rewrites87.6%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          10. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites77.9%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing

            Reproduce

            ?
            herbie shell --seed 2024307 
            (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
              :name "Destination given bearing on a great circle"
              :precision binary64
              (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1)) (- (cos delta) (* (sin phi1) (sin (asin (+ (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)) (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))