Destination given bearing on a great circle

Percentage Accurate: 99.8% → 99.9%
Time: 13.7s
Alternatives: 13
Speedup: 1.3×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (sin phi1)
     (sin
      (asin
       (+
        (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
        (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - (Math.sin(phi1) * Math.sin(Math.asin(((Math.sin(phi1) * Math.cos(delta)) + ((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(theta))))))));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - (math.sin(phi1) * math.sin(math.asin(((math.sin(phi1) * math.cos(delta)) + ((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(theta))))))))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))))))))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 13 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (sin phi1)
     (sin
      (asin
       (+
        (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
        (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
}
real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))
end function
public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - (Math.sin(phi1) * Math.sin(Math.asin(((Math.sin(phi1) * Math.cos(delta)) + ((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(theta))))))));
}
def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - (math.sin(phi1) * math.sin(math.asin(((math.sin(phi1) * math.cos(delta)) + ((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(theta))))))))
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))))))))
end
function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.9% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos \phi_1, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (*
    (cos phi1)
    (fma
     (cos delta)
     (cos phi1)
     (* (* (- (sin phi1)) (sin delta)) (cos theta)))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(phi1) * fma(cos(delta), cos(phi1), ((-sin(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))));
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(phi1) * fma(cos(delta), cos(phi1), Float64(Float64(Float64(-sin(phi1)) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[((-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]) * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos \phi_1, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. lift--.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    2. lift-*.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    3. lift-sin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    4. lift-asin.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    5. sin-asinN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    6. lift-+.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
    7. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
    8. distribute-rgt-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
    9. associate--r+N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
  4. Applied rewrites99.6%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{1 - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1 - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
    2. 1-sub-sinN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1}} \]
    3. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
    4. lower-pow.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
    5. lower-cos.f6481.4

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
  7. Applied rewrites81.4%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in phi1 around inf

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--r+N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right) - \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
    2. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\left(\cos delta - \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}} \]
    3. cancel-sign-sub-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}} \]
    4. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\left(\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta}\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} \]
    5. cancel-sign-sub-invN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left({\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \cos delta\right)} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} \]
    6. distribute-rgt1-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left({\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)\right) + 1\right) \cdot \cos delta} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} \]
    7. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left({\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} \]
    8. sub-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(1 - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \cdot \cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} \]
    9. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\left(1 - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1}\right) \cdot \cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} \]
    10. 1-sub-sinN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} \]
    11. unpow2N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \cdot \cos delta + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} \]
    12. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta \cdot {\cos \phi_1}^{2}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} \]
  10. Applied rewrites99.8%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos \phi_1, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
  11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 95.7% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := -\sin \phi_1\\ t_2 := \sin theta \cdot \sin delta\\ t_3 := \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_3 \leq -500000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_3 \leq -0.55:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos \phi_1, \left(t\_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t\_1, \sin delta, \cos delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (- (sin phi1)))
        (t_2 (* (sin theta) (sin delta)))
        (t_3
         (+
          lambda1
          (atan2
           (* t_2 (cos phi1))
           (-
            (cos delta)
            (*
             (sin phi1)
             (sin
              (asin
               (+
                (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
                (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta)))))))))))
   (if (<= t_3 -500000000.0)
     (+ lambda1 (atan2 t_2 (cos delta)))
     (if (<= t_3 -0.55)
       (atan2
        (* (* (sin delta) (sin theta)) (cos phi1))
        (*
         (cos phi1)
         (fma (cos delta) (cos phi1) (* (* t_1 (sin delta)) (cos theta)))))
       (+
        lambda1
        (atan2
         (* (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)) (sin delta))
         (* (cos phi1) (fma t_1 (sin delta) (* (cos delta) (cos phi1))))))))))
double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double t_1 = -sin(phi1);
	double t_2 = sin(theta) * sin(delta);
	double t_3 = lambda1 + atan2((t_2 * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
	double tmp;
	if (t_3 <= -500000000.0) {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_2, cos(delta));
	} else if (t_3 <= -0.55) {
		tmp = atan2(((sin(delta) * sin(theta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(phi1) * fma(cos(delta), cos(phi1), ((t_1 * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))));
	} else {
		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), (cos(phi1) * fma(t_1, sin(delta), (cos(delta) * cos(phi1)))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	t_1 = Float64(-sin(phi1))
	t_2 = Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta))
	t_3 = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(t_2 * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))))))))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_3 <= -500000000.0)
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_2, cos(delta)));
	elseif (t_3 <= -0.55)
		tmp = atan(Float64(Float64(sin(delta) * sin(theta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(phi1) * fma(cos(delta), cos(phi1), Float64(Float64(t_1 * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), Float64(cos(phi1) * fma(t_1, sin(delta), Float64(cos(delta) * cos(phi1))))));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = (-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision])}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(t$95$2 * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$3, -500000000.0], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$2 / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$3, -0.55], N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(t$95$1 * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(t$95$1 * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := -\sin \phi_1\\
t_2 := \sin theta \cdot \sin delta\\
t_3 := \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_3 \leq -500000000:\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_2}{\cos delta}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;t\_3 \leq -0.55:\\
\;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos \phi_1, \left(t\_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(t\_1, \sin delta, \cos delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta))))))))) < -5e8

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-cos.f64100.0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    5. Applied rewrites100.0%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
      3. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
      4. lower-sin.f64100.0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
    8. Applied rewrites100.0%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

    if -5e8 < (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta))))))))) < -0.55000000000000004

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      3. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      4. lift-asin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      5. sin-asinN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      6. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
      8. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
      9. associate--r+N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.4%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
      2. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta} - \left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      3. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) + \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)}} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} + \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      5. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)}} \]
      6. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1}, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      7. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      8. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      9. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      10. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta}\right)} \]
      11. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta}\right)} \]
      12. lower-pow.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      13. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      14. lower-cos.f6458.5

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\cos delta}\right)} \]
    7. Applied rewrites58.5%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in lambda1 around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\lambda_1 \cdot \left(1 + \frac{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)\right)}}{\lambda_1}\right)} \]
    9. Applied rewrites99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(-\cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right), \sin \phi_1, {\cos \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)}}{\lambda_1}, \lambda_1, \lambda_1\right)} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in lambda1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    11. Applied rewrites99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos \phi_1, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

    if -0.55000000000000004 < (+.f64 lambda1 (atan2.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 theta) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 phi1)) (-.f64 (cos.f64 delta) (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 (asin.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (sin.f64 phi1) (cos.f64 delta)) (*.f64 (*.f64 (cos.f64 phi1) (sin.f64 delta)) (cos.f64 theta)))))))))

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      3. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      4. lift-asin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      5. sin-asinN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      6. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
      8. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
      9. associate--r+N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.5%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
      2. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta} - \left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      3. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) + \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)}} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} + \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      5. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)}} \]
      6. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1}, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      7. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      8. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      9. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      10. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta}\right)} \]
      11. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta}\right)} \]
      12. lower-pow.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      13. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      14. lower-cos.f6495.8

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\cos delta}\right)} \]
    7. Applied rewrites95.8%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      3. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      5. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      6. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      7. lower-*.f6495.8

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
    9. Applied rewrites95.8%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in phi1 around inf

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites96.1%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\sin \phi_1, \sin delta, \cos delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}} \]
    12. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
    13. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 3: 94.6% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-\sin \phi_1, \sin delta, \cos delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
     :precision binary64
     (+
      lambda1
      (atan2
       (* (* (sin theta) (cos phi1)) (sin delta))
       (*
        (cos phi1)
        (fma (- (sin phi1)) (sin delta) (* (cos delta) (cos phi1)))))))
    double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
    	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), (cos(phi1) * fma(-sin(phi1), sin(delta), (cos(delta) * cos(phi1)))));
    }
    
    function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(delta)), Float64(cos(phi1) * fma(Float64(-sin(phi1)), sin(delta), Float64(cos(delta) * cos(phi1))))))
    end
    
    code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[((-N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]) * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-\sin \phi_1, \sin delta, \cos delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      3. lift-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      4. lift-asin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      5. sin-asinN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      6. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
      7. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
      8. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
      9. associate--r+N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.6%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
      2. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta} - \left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)} \]
      3. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) + \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)}} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} + \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      5. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)}} \]
      6. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1}, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      7. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      8. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      9. lower-cos.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}, \cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2}\right)} \]
      10. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta}\right)} \]
      11. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta}\right)} \]
      12. lower-pow.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      13. lower-sin.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      14. lower-cos.f6493.4

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\cos delta}\right)} \]
    7. Applied rewrites93.4%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      3. associate-*l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      5. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      6. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
      7. lower-*.f6493.5

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
    9. Applied rewrites93.5%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1, \cos \phi_1, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in phi1 around inf

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot {\sin \phi_1}^{2} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites93.7%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-\sin \phi_1, \sin delta, \cos delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 4: 92.3% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
       :precision binary64
       (+
        lambda1
        (atan2
         (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
         (- (cos delta) (pow (sin phi1) 2.0)))))
      double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - pow(sin(phi1), 2.0)));
      }
      
      real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
          real(8), intent (in) :: delta
          real(8), intent (in) :: theta
          code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) ** 2.0d0)))
      end function
      
      public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - Math.pow(Math.sin(phi1), 2.0)));
      }
      
      def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
      	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - math.pow(math.sin(phi1), 2.0)))
      
      function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) ^ 2.0))))
      end
      
      function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) ^ 2.0)));
      end
      
      code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 99.6%

        \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-pow.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
        2. lower-sin.f6490.2

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
      5. Applied rewrites90.2%

        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
      6. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 5: 91.9% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -1.48 \cdot 10^{-8}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin theta}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
       :precision binary64
       (if (<= delta -1.48e-8)
         (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1)) (cos delta)))
         (if (<= delta 2.5e-6)
           (+
            lambda1
            (atan2 (* (* (sin delta) (cos phi1)) (sin theta)) (pow (cos phi1) 2.0)))
           (+
            lambda1
            (atan2 (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (sin theta)) (cos delta))))))
      double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	double tmp;
      	if (delta <= -1.48e-8) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta));
      	} else if (delta <= 2.5e-6) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(delta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(theta)), pow(cos(phi1), 2.0));
      	} else {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * sin(theta)), cos(delta));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
          real(8), intent (in) :: delta
          real(8), intent (in) :: theta
          real(8) :: tmp
          if (delta <= (-1.48d-8)) then
              tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta))
          else if (delta <= 2.5d-6) then
              tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(delta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(theta)), (cos(phi1) ** 2.0d0))
          else
              tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * sin(theta)), cos(delta))
          end if
          code = tmp
      end function
      
      public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	double tmp;
      	if (delta <= -1.48e-8) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), Math.cos(delta));
      	} else if (delta <= 2.5e-6) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(delta) * Math.cos(phi1)) * Math.sin(theta)), Math.pow(Math.cos(phi1), 2.0));
      	} else {
      		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.sin(theta)), Math.cos(delta));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
      	tmp = 0
      	if delta <= -1.48e-8:
      		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), math.cos(delta))
      	elif delta <= 2.5e-6:
      		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(delta) * math.cos(phi1)) * math.sin(theta)), math.pow(math.cos(phi1), 2.0))
      	else:
      		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.sin(theta)), math.cos(delta))
      	return tmp
      
      function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (delta <= -1.48e-8)
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta)));
      	elseif (delta <= 2.5e-6)
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(delta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(theta)), (cos(phi1) ^ 2.0)));
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * sin(theta)), cos(delta)));
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	tmp = 0.0;
      	if (delta <= -1.48e-8)
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta));
      	elseif (delta <= 2.5e-6)
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(delta) * cos(phi1)) * sin(theta)), (cos(phi1) ^ 2.0));
      	else
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * sin(theta)), cos(delta));
      	end
      	tmp_2 = tmp;
      end
      
      code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[LessEqual[delta, -1.48e-8], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[delta, 2.5e-6], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -1.48 \cdot 10^{-8}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta}\\
      
      \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin theta}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta}\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 3 regimes
      2. if delta < -1.48e-8

        1. Initial program 99.7%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f6478.2

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites78.2%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

        if -1.48e-8 < delta < 2.5000000000000002e-6

        1. Initial program 99.5%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          2. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          3. lift-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          4. lift-asin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          5. sin-asinN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          6. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          7. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
          8. distribute-rgt-inN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
          9. associate--r+N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
        4. Applied rewrites99.5%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{1 - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1 - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
          2. 1-sub-sinN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1}} \]
          3. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
          4. lower-pow.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
          5. lower-cos.f6499.4

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
        7. Applied rewrites99.4%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
        8. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
          2. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
          3. associate-*l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
          4. lift-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
          5. lift-cos.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}\right)}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
          6. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin theta}}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
          7. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin theta}}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
          8. lift-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin theta}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
          9. lift-cos.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}\right) \cdot \sin theta}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
          10. lower-*.f6499.5

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin theta}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]
        9. Applied rewrites99.5%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin theta}}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} \]

        if 2.5000000000000002e-6 < delta

        1. Initial program 99.6%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f6484.1

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites84.1%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta} \]
          2. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta} \]
          3. associate-*l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
          4. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
          5. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          6. lower-*.f6484.1

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          7. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
          8. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
          9. lower-*.f6484.1

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
        7. Applied rewrites84.1%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
      3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
      4. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 6: 91.8% accurate, 2.5× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1\\ \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -1.48 \cdot 10^{-8}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
       :precision binary64
       (let* ((t_1 (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))))
         (if (<= delta -1.48e-8)
           (+ lambda1 (atan2 t_1 (cos delta)))
           (if (<= delta 2.5e-6)
             (+ lambda1 (atan2 t_1 (+ 0.5 (* 0.5 (cos (+ phi1 phi1))))))
             (+
              lambda1
              (atan2 (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (sin theta)) (cos delta)))))))
      double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	double t_1 = (sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1);
      	double tmp;
      	if (delta <= -1.48e-8) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_1, cos(delta));
      	} else if (delta <= 2.5e-6) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_1, (0.5 + (0.5 * cos((phi1 + phi1)))));
      	} else {
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * sin(theta)), cos(delta));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
          real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
          real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
          real(8), intent (in) :: delta
          real(8), intent (in) :: theta
          real(8) :: t_1
          real(8) :: tmp
          t_1 = (sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)
          if (delta <= (-1.48d-8)) then
              tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_1, cos(delta))
          else if (delta <= 2.5d-6) then
              tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_1, (0.5d0 + (0.5d0 * cos((phi1 + phi1)))))
          else
              tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * sin(theta)), cos(delta))
          end if
          code = tmp
      end function
      
      public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
      	double t_1 = (Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1);
      	double tmp;
      	if (delta <= -1.48e-8) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(t_1, Math.cos(delta));
      	} else if (delta <= 2.5e-6) {
      		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(t_1, (0.5 + (0.5 * Math.cos((phi1 + phi1)))));
      	} else {
      		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.sin(theta)), Math.cos(delta));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
      	t_1 = (math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)
      	tmp = 0
      	if delta <= -1.48e-8:
      		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(t_1, math.cos(delta))
      	elif delta <= 2.5e-6:
      		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(t_1, (0.5 + (0.5 * math.cos((phi1 + phi1)))))
      	else:
      		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.sin(theta)), math.cos(delta))
      	return tmp
      
      function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	t_1 = Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1))
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (delta <= -1.48e-8)
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_1, cos(delta)));
      	elseif (delta <= 2.5e-6)
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_1, Float64(0.5 + Float64(0.5 * cos(Float64(phi1 + phi1))))));
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * sin(theta)), cos(delta)));
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
      	t_1 = (sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1);
      	tmp = 0.0;
      	if (delta <= -1.48e-8)
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_1, cos(delta));
      	elseif (delta <= 2.5e-6)
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_1, (0.5 + (0.5 * cos((phi1 + phi1)))));
      	else
      		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * sin(theta)), cos(delta));
      	end
      	tmp_2 = tmp;
      end
      
      code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[delta, -1.48e-8], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$1 / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[delta, 2.5e-6], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$1 / N[(0.5 + N[(0.5 * N[Cos[N[(phi1 + phi1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      t_1 := \left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1\\
      \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -1.48 \cdot 10^{-8}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{\cos delta}\\
      
      \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{0.5 + 0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)}\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta}\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 3 regimes
      2. if delta < -1.48e-8

        1. Initial program 99.7%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f6478.2

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites78.2%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

        if -1.48e-8 < delta < 2.5000000000000002e-6

        1. Initial program 99.5%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          2. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          3. lift-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          4. lift-asin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          5. sin-asinN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          6. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]
          7. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]
          8. distribute-rgt-inN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}} \]
          9. associate--r+N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
        4. Applied rewrites99.5%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta - \left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{1 - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1 - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]
          2. 1-sub-sinN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1}} \]
          3. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
          4. lower-pow.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
          5. lower-cos.f6499.4

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}}^{2}} \]
        7. Applied rewrites99.4%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
        8. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites99.3%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{0.5 + \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)}} \]

          if 2.5000000000000002e-6 < delta

          1. Initial program 99.6%

            \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-cos.f6484.1

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          5. Applied rewrites84.1%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta} \]
            2. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta} \]
            3. associate-*l*N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
            4. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
            5. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
            6. lower-*.f6484.1

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
            7. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
            8. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
            9. lower-*.f6484.1

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
          7. Applied rewrites84.1%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
        9. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
        10. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 7: 88.6% accurate, 2.6× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
         :precision binary64
         (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1)) (cos delta))))
        double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta));
        }
        
        real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
            real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
            real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
            real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
            real(8), intent (in) :: delta
            real(8), intent (in) :: theta
            code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta))
        end function
        
        public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), Math.cos(delta));
        }
        
        def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
        	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), math.cos(delta))
        
        function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta)))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), cos(delta));
        end
        
        code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 99.6%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f6485.6

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites85.6%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        6. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 8: 88.6% accurate, 2.6× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
         :precision binary64
         (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (sin theta)) (cos delta))))
        double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * sin(theta)), cos(delta));
        }
        
        real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
            real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
            real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
            real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
            real(8), intent (in) :: delta
            real(8), intent (in) :: theta
            code = lambda1 + atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * sin(theta)), cos(delta))
        end function
        
        public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.sin(theta)), Math.cos(delta));
        }
        
        def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
        	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.sin(theta)), math.cos(delta))
        
        function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * sin(theta)), cos(delta)))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * sin(theta)), cos(delta));
        end
        
        code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 99.6%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f6485.6

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites85.6%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta} \]
          2. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta} \]
          3. associate-*l*N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
          4. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
          5. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          6. lower-*.f6485.6

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          7. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
          8. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
          9. lower-*.f6485.6

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} \]
        7. Applied rewrites85.6%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
        8. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 9: 86.4% accurate, 3.3× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
         :precision binary64
         (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos delta))))
        double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
        }
        
        real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
            real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
            real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
            real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
            real(8), intent (in) :: delta
            real(8), intent (in) :: theta
            code = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta))
        end function
        
        public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	return lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)), Math.cos(delta));
        }
        
        def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
        	return lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)), math.cos(delta))
        
        function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(delta));
        end
        
        code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 99.6%

          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-cos.f6485.6

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        5. Applied rewrites85.6%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
        6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
        7. Step-by-step derivation
          1. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          2. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          3. lower-sin.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
          4. lower-sin.f6483.5

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        8. Applied rewrites83.5%

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
        9. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 10: 80.5% accurate, 4.0× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \sin delta \cdot theta\\ \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -29500000:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 6200:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot delta, delta, 1\right) \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, theta \cdot theta, 1\right) \cdot t\_1}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
         :precision binary64
         (let* ((t_1 (* (sin delta) theta)))
           (if (<= delta -29500000.0)
             (+ lambda1 (atan2 t_1 (cos delta)))
             (if (<= delta 6200.0)
               (+
                lambda1
                (atan2
                 (*
                  (fma (* -0.16666666666666666 delta) delta 1.0)
                  (* (sin theta) delta))
                 (cos delta)))
               (+
                lambda1
                (atan2
                 (* (fma -0.16666666666666666 (* theta theta) 1.0) t_1)
                 (cos delta)))))))
        double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
        	double t_1 = sin(delta) * theta;
        	double tmp;
        	if (delta <= -29500000.0) {
        		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_1, cos(delta));
        	} else if (delta <= 6200.0) {
        		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((fma((-0.16666666666666666 * delta), delta, 1.0) * (sin(theta) * delta)), cos(delta));
        	} else {
        		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((fma(-0.16666666666666666, (theta * theta), 1.0) * t_1), cos(delta));
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
        	t_1 = Float64(sin(delta) * theta)
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if (delta <= -29500000.0)
        		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_1, cos(delta)));
        	elseif (delta <= 6200.0)
        		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(fma(Float64(-0.16666666666666666 * delta), delta, 1.0) * Float64(sin(theta) * delta)), cos(delta)));
        	else
        		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(fma(-0.16666666666666666, Float64(theta * theta), 1.0) * t_1), cos(delta)));
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[delta, -29500000.0], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$1 / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[delta, 6200.0], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[(-0.16666666666666666 * delta), $MachinePrecision] * delta + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(-0.16666666666666666 * N[(theta * theta), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        t_1 := \sin delta \cdot theta\\
        \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -29500000:\\
        \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{\cos delta}\\
        
        \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 6200:\\
        \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot delta, delta, 1\right) \cdot \left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)}{\cos delta}\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, theta \cdot theta, 1\right) \cdot t\_1}{\cos delta}\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 3 regimes
        2. if delta < -2.95e7

          1. Initial program 99.6%

            \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower-cos.f6475.4

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          5. Applied rewrites75.4%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
          6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
          7. Step-by-step derivation
            1. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            2. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            3. lower-sin.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
            4. lower-sin.f6470.6

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          8. Applied rewrites70.6%

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
          10. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites63.6%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]

            if -2.95e7 < delta < 6200

            1. Initial program 99.5%

              \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lower-cos.f6490.5

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
            5. Applied rewrites90.5%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
            6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
            7. Step-by-step derivation
              1. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              2. lower-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
              4. lower-sin.f6489.3

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            8. Applied rewrites89.3%

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
            9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

              \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin theta + \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left({delta}^{2} \cdot \sin theta\right)\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
            10. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites88.8%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot delta, delta, 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot delta\right)}}{\cos delta} \]

              if 6200 < delta

              1. Initial program 99.6%

                \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower-cos.f6484.1

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              5. Applied rewrites84.1%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
              6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
              7. Step-by-step derivation
                1. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                2. lower-*.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                4. lower-sin.f6482.0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              8. Applied rewrites82.0%

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
              9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

                \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta + \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left({theta}^{2} \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
              10. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites69.6%

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, theta \cdot theta, 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot theta\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
              11. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
              12. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 11: 80.4% accurate, 4.0× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \sin delta \cdot theta\\ \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 2.05 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, theta \cdot theta, 1\right) \cdot t\_1}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
               :precision binary64
               (let* ((t_1 (* (sin delta) theta)))
                 (if (<= delta -9000000000.0)
                   (+ lambda1 (atan2 t_1 (cos delta)))
                   (if (<= delta 2.05e+14)
                     (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin theta) delta) (cos delta)))
                     (+
                      lambda1
                      (atan2
                       (* (fma -0.16666666666666666 (* theta theta) 1.0) t_1)
                       (cos delta)))))))
              double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
              	double t_1 = sin(delta) * theta;
              	double tmp;
              	if (delta <= -9000000000.0) {
              		tmp = lambda1 + atan2(t_1, cos(delta));
              	} else if (delta <= 2.05e+14) {
              		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta));
              	} else {
              		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((fma(-0.16666666666666666, (theta * theta), 1.0) * t_1), cos(delta));
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
              	t_1 = Float64(sin(delta) * theta)
              	tmp = 0.0
              	if (delta <= -9000000000.0)
              		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(t_1, cos(delta)));
              	elseif (delta <= 2.05e+14)
              		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta)));
              	else
              		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(fma(-0.16666666666666666, Float64(theta * theta), 1.0) * t_1), cos(delta)));
              	end
              	return tmp
              end
              
              code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[delta, -9000000000.0], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[t$95$1 / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[delta, 2.05e+14], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(-0.16666666666666666 * N[(theta * theta), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              \begin{array}{l}
              t_1 := \sin delta \cdot theta\\
              \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9000000000:\\
              \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{\cos delta}\\
              
              \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 2.05 \cdot 10^{+14}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\
              
              \mathbf{else}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, theta \cdot theta, 1\right) \cdot t\_1}{\cos delta}\\
              
              
              \end{array}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Split input into 3 regimes
              2. if delta < -9e9

                1. Initial program 99.6%

                  \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. lower-cos.f6475.4

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                5. Applied rewrites75.4%

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                7. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  2. lower-*.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                  4. lower-sin.f6470.6

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                8. Applied rewrites70.6%

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

                  \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                10. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites63.6%

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]

                  if -9e9 < delta < 2.05e14

                  1. Initial program 99.5%

                    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. lower-cos.f6490.6

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                  5. Applied rewrites90.6%

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                  6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. *-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    2. lower-*.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                    4. lower-sin.f6489.5

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  8. Applied rewrites89.5%

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

                    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                  10. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites88.4%

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{delta}}{\cos delta} \]

                    if 2.05e14 < delta

                    1. Initial program 99.6%

                      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. lower-cos.f6483.6

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                    5. Applied rewrites83.6%

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                    6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    7. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. *-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                      2. lower-*.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                      3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                      4. lower-sin.f6481.5

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    8. Applied rewrites81.5%

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                    9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

                      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta + \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left({theta}^{2} \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
                    10. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites69.9%

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, theta \cdot theta, 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta \cdot theta\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
                    11. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                    12. Add Preprocessing

                    Alternative 12: 80.2% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

                    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9000000000 \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+35}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                    (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
                     :precision binary64
                     (if (or (<= delta -9000000000.0) (not (<= delta 5e+35)))
                       (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta)))
                       (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin theta) delta) (cos delta)))))
                    double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
                    	double tmp;
                    	if ((delta <= -9000000000.0) || !(delta <= 5e+35)) {
                    		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
                    	} else {
                    		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta));
                    	}
                    	return tmp;
                    }
                    
                    real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                        real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
                        real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
                        real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
                        real(8), intent (in) :: delta
                        real(8), intent (in) :: theta
                        real(8) :: tmp
                        if ((delta <= (-9000000000.0d0)) .or. (.not. (delta <= 5d+35))) then
                            tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta))
                        else
                            tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta))
                        end if
                        code = tmp
                    end function
                    
                    public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
                    	double tmp;
                    	if ((delta <= -9000000000.0) || !(delta <= 5e+35)) {
                    		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(delta) * theta), Math.cos(delta));
                    	} else {
                    		tmp = lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(theta) * delta), Math.cos(delta));
                    	}
                    	return tmp;
                    }
                    
                    def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
                    	tmp = 0
                    	if (delta <= -9000000000.0) or not (delta <= 5e+35):
                    		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(delta) * theta), math.cos(delta))
                    	else:
                    		tmp = lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(theta) * delta), math.cos(delta))
                    	return tmp
                    
                    function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                    	tmp = 0.0
                    	if ((delta <= -9000000000.0) || !(delta <= 5e+35))
                    		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)));
                    	else
                    		tmp = Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta)));
                    	end
                    	return tmp
                    end
                    
                    function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                    	tmp = 0.0;
                    	if ((delta <= -9000000000.0) || ~((delta <= 5e+35)))
                    		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
                    	else
                    		tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(theta) * delta), cos(delta));
                    	end
                    	tmp_2 = tmp;
                    end
                    
                    code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[Or[LessEqual[delta, -9000000000.0], N[Not[LessEqual[delta, 5e+35]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
                    
                    \begin{array}{l}
                    
                    \\
                    \begin{array}{l}
                    \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9000000000 \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+35}\right):\\
                    \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\
                    
                    \mathbf{else}:\\
                    \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\
                    
                    
                    \end{array}
                    \end{array}
                    
                    Derivation
                    1. Split input into 2 regimes
                    2. if delta < -9e9 or 5.00000000000000021e35 < delta

                      1. Initial program 99.7%

                        \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                      2. Add Preprocessing
                      3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. lower-cos.f6480.0

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                      5. Applied rewrites80.0%

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                      6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                      7. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. *-commutativeN/A

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        2. lower-*.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                        4. lower-sin.f6476.5

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                      8. Applied rewrites76.5%

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                      9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

                        \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                      10. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites67.5%

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]

                        if -9e9 < delta < 5.00000000000000021e35

                        1. Initial program 99.5%

                          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                        2. Add Preprocessing
                        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. lower-cos.f6489.9

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                        5. Applied rewrites89.9%

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                        6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        7. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. *-commutativeN/A

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                          2. lower-*.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                          3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                          4. lower-sin.f6488.9

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        8. Applied rewrites88.9%

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        10. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites86.9%

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        11. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                        12. Final simplification78.5%

                          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9000000000 \lor \neg \left(delta \leq 5 \cdot 10^{+35}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot delta}{\cos delta}\\ \end{array} \]
                        13. Add Preprocessing

                        Alternative 13: 73.0% accurate, 4.3× speedup?

                        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta} \end{array} \]
                        (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
                         :precision binary64
                         (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta))))
                        double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
                        	return lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
                        }
                        
                        real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                            real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
                            real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
                            real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
                            real(8), intent (in) :: delta
                            real(8), intent (in) :: theta
                            code = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta))
                        end function
                        
                        public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
                        	return lambda1 + Math.atan2((Math.sin(delta) * theta), Math.cos(delta));
                        }
                        
                        def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
                        	return lambda1 + math.atan2((math.sin(delta) * theta), math.cos(delta))
                        
                        function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                        	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)))
                        end
                        
                        function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
                        	tmp = lambda1 + atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta));
                        end
                        
                        code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                        
                        \begin{array}{l}
                        
                        \\
                        \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta}
                        \end{array}
                        
                        Derivation
                        1. Initial program 99.6%

                          \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
                        2. Add Preprocessing
                        3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. lower-cos.f6485.6

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                        5. Applied rewrites85.6%

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
                        6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        7. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. *-commutativeN/A

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                          2. lower-*.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                          3. lower-sin.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]
                          4. lower-sin.f6483.5

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        8. Applied rewrites83.5%

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

                          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
                        10. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites70.0%

                            \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]
                          2. Add Preprocessing

                          Reproduce

                          ?
                          herbie shell --seed 2024306 
                          (FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
                            :name "Destination given bearing on a great circle"
                            :precision binary64
                            (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1)) (- (cos delta) (* (sin phi1) (sin (asin (+ (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)) (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))