Trigonometry A

Percentage Accurate: 99.8% → 99.8%

Time: 7.1s

Alternatives: 13

Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

\[0 \leq e \land e \leq 1\]

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (/ (* e (sin v)) (+ 1.0 (* e (cos v)))))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e * sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * cos(v)));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = (e * sin(v)) / (1.0d0 + (e * cos(v)))
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e * Math.sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * Math.cos(v)));
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return (e * math.sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * math.cos(v)))

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(e * sin(v)) / Float64(1.0 + Float64(e * cos(v))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = (e * sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * cos(v)));
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(e * N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + N[(e * N[Cos[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (/ (* e (sin v)) (+ 1.0 (* e (cos v)))))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e * sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * cos(v)));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = (e * sin(v)) / (1.0d0 + (e * cos(v)))
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e * Math.sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * Math.cos(v)));
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return (e * math.sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * math.cos(v)))

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(e * sin(v)) / Float64(1.0 + Float64(e * cos(v))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = (e * sin(v)) / (1.0 + (e * cos(v)));
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(e * N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + N[(e * N[Cos[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)} \cdot \sin v \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (/ e (fma (cos v) e 1.0)) (sin v)))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e / fma(cos(v), e, 1.0)) * sin(v);
}

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(e / fma(cos(v), e, 1.0)) * sin(v))
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(e / N[(N[Cos[v], $MachinePrecision] * e + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v}}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin v \cdot e}}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]

   4. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin v \cdot \frac{e}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   5. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \cdot \sin v} \]

   6. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \cdot \sin v} \]

   7. lower-/.f64 99.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \cdot \sin v \]

   8. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \cdot \sin v \]

   9. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v + 1}} \cdot \sin v \]

   10. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v} + 1} \cdot \sin v \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\cos v \cdot e} + 1} \cdot \sin v \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 99.8

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}} \cdot \sin v \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)} \cdot \sin v} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 98.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(1 - \cos v \cdot e\right) \cdot e\right) \cdot \sin v \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (* (- 1.0 (* (cos v) e)) e) (sin v)))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return ((1.0 - (cos(v) * e)) * e) * sin(v);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = ((1.0d0 - (cos(v) * e)) * e) * sin(v)
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return ((1.0 - (Math.cos(v) * e)) * e) * Math.sin(v);
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return ((1.0 - (math.cos(v) * e)) * e) * math.sin(v)

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 - Float64(cos(v) * e)) * e) * sin(v))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = ((1.0 - (cos(v) * e)) * e) * sin(v);
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(N[(1.0 - N[(N[Cos[v], $MachinePrecision] * e), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * e), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v}}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin v \cdot e}}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]

   4. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin v \cdot \frac{e}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   5. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \cdot \sin v} \]

   6. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \cdot \sin v} \]

   7. lower-/.f64 99.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \cdot \sin v \]

   8. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \cdot \sin v \]

   9. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v + 1}} \cdot \sin v \]

   10. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v} + 1} \cdot \sin v \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\cos v \cdot e} + 1} \cdot \sin v \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 99.8

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}} \cdot \sin v \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)} \cdot \sin v} \]

5. Taylor expanded in e around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e \cdot \left(1 + -1 \cdot \left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \sin v \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot \left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) \cdot e\right)} \cdot \sin v \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 + -1 \cdot \left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) \cdot e\right)} \cdot \sin v \]

   3. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e\right) \cdot \sin v \]

   4. unsub-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(1 - e \cdot \cos v\right)} \cdot e\right) \cdot \sin v \]

   5. lower--.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(1 - e \cdot \cos v\right)} \cdot e\right) \cdot \sin v \]

   6. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 - \color{blue}{\cos v \cdot e}\right) \cdot e\right) \cdot \sin v \]

   7. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 - \color{blue}{\cos v \cdot e}\right) \cdot e\right) \cdot \sin v \]

   8. lower-cos.f64 98.8

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 - \color{blue}{\cos v} \cdot e\right) \cdot e\right) \cdot \sin v \]

7. Applied rewrites 98.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(1 - \cos v \cdot e\right) \cdot e\right)} \cdot \sin v \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (* (fma (- e) (cos v) 1.0) (sin v)) e))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return (fma(-e, cos(v), 1.0) * sin(v)) * e;
}

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(fma(Float64(-e), cos(v), 1.0) * sin(v)) * e)
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(N[((-e) * N[Cos[v], $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * e), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in v around inf

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. rgt-mult-inverse N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \frac{1}{e}} + e \cdot \cos v} \]

   2. distribute-lft-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{\color{blue}{e \cdot \left(\frac{1}{e} + \cos v\right)}} \]

   3. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{e \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos v + \frac{1}{e}\right)}} \]

   4. times-frac N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{e} \cdot \frac{\sin v}{\cos v + \frac{1}{e}}} \]

   5. *-rgt-identity N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot 1}}{e} \cdot \frac{\sin v}{\cos v + \frac{1}{e}} \]

   6. associate-*r/ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e \cdot \frac{1}{e}\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin v}{\cos v + \frac{1}{e}} \]

   7. rgt-mult-inverse N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \cdot \frac{\sin v}{\cos v + \frac{1}{e}} \]

   8. *-lft-identity N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{\cos v + \frac{1}{e}}} \]

   9. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{\cos v + \frac{1}{e}}} \]

   10. lower-sin.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin v}}{\cos v + \frac{1}{e}} \]

   11. remove-double-neg N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\cos v + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{e}\right)\right)\right)\right)}} \]

   12. sub-neg N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{\cos v - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{e}\right)\right)}} \]

   13. lower--.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{\cos v - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{e}\right)\right)}} \]

   14. lower-cos.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\color{blue}{\cos v} - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{1}{e}\right)\right)} \]

   15. distribute-neg-frac N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\cos v - \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)}{e}}} \]

   16. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\cos v - \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{e}} \]

   17. lower-/.f64 99.6

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin v}{\cos v - \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{e}}} \]

5. Applied rewrites 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin v}{\cos v - \frac{-1}{e}}} \]

6. Taylor expanded in e around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \left(\sin v + -1 \cdot \left(e \cdot \left(\cos v \cdot \sin v\right)\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin v + -1 \cdot \left(e \cdot \left(\cos v \cdot \sin v\right)\right)\right) \cdot e} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin v + -1 \cdot \left(e \cdot \left(\cos v \cdot \sin v\right)\right)\right) \cdot e} \]

   3. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin v + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \left(\cos v \cdot \sin v\right)\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e \]

   4. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin v + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(e \cdot \cos v\right) \cdot \sin v}\right)\right)\right) \cdot e \]

   5. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\sin v + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) \cdot \sin v}\right) \cdot e \]

   6. distribute-rgt1-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) + 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right)} \cdot e \]

   7. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e \cdot \cos v\right)\right) + 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right)} \cdot e \]

   8. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(e\right)\right) \cdot \cos v} + 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   9. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot e\right)} \cdot \cos v + 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   10. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-1 \cdot e, \cos v, 1\right)} \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   11. mul-1-neg N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(e\right)}, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   12. lower-neg.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-e}, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   13. lower-cos.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \color{blue}{\cos v}, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e \]

   14. lower-sin.f64 98.8

       \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sin v}\right) \cdot e \]

8. Applied rewrites 98.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-e, \cos v, 1\right) \cdot \sin v\right) \cdot e} \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 98.8% accurate, 1.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot \sin v \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (/ e (+ 1.0 e)) (sin v)))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e / (1.0 + e)) * sin(v);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = (e / (1.0d0 + e)) * sin(v)
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e / (1.0 + e)) * Math.sin(v);
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return (e / (1.0 + e)) * math.sin(v)

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(e / Float64(1.0 + e)) * sin(v))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = (e / (1.0 + e)) * sin(v);
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(e / N[(1.0 + e), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-+.f64 98.5

      \[\leadsto \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \]

5. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \frac{e \cdot \sin v}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e}} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v}}{1 + e} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin v \cdot e}}{1 + e} \]

   4. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin v \cdot \frac{e}{1 + e}} \]

   5. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot \sin v} \]

   6. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot \sin v} \]

   7. lower-/.f64 98.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e}} \cdot \sin v \]

7. Applied rewrites 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot \sin v} \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 97.9% accurate, 2.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sin v \cdot e \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (sin v) e))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return sin(v) * e;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = sin(v) * e
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return Math.sin(v) * e;
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return math.sin(v) * e

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(sin(v) * e)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = sin(v) * e;
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[Sin[v], $MachinePrecision] * e), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in e around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin v \cdot e} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin v \cdot e} \]

   3. lower-sin.f64 97.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin v} \cdot e \]

5. Applied rewrites 97.4%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin v \cdot e} \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 52.1% accurate, 2.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.041666666666666664 \cdot e - \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.3333333333333333, e, 0.16666666666666666\right), -0.16666666666666666, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.008333333333333333, e, 0.008333333333333333\right)\right), v \cdot v, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.3333333333333333, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  e
  (/
   (fma
    (fma
     (-
      (* 0.041666666666666664 e)
      (fma
       (fma -0.3333333333333333 e 0.16666666666666666)
       -0.16666666666666666
       (fma 0.008333333333333333 e 0.008333333333333333)))
     (* v v)
     (fma -0.3333333333333333 e 0.16666666666666666))
    (* v v)
    (+ 1.0 e))
   v)))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return e / (fma(fma(((0.041666666666666664 * e) - fma(fma(-0.3333333333333333, e, 0.16666666666666666), -0.16666666666666666, fma(0.008333333333333333, e, 0.008333333333333333))), (v * v), fma(-0.3333333333333333, e, 0.16666666666666666)), (v * v), (1.0 + e)) / v);
}

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(e / Float64(fma(fma(Float64(Float64(0.041666666666666664 * e) - fma(fma(-0.3333333333333333, e, 0.16666666666666666), -0.16666666666666666, fma(0.008333333333333333, e, 0.008333333333333333))), Float64(v * v), fma(-0.3333333333333333, e, 0.16666666666666666)), Float64(v * v), Float64(1.0 + e)) / v))
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(e / N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(0.041666666666666664 * e), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(-0.3333333333333333 * e + 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision] * -0.16666666666666666 + N[(0.008333333333333333 * e + 0.008333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-0.3333333333333333 * e + 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 + e), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v}}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]

   3. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   4. clear-num N/A

      \[\leadsto e \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   5. un-div-inv N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   6. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   7. lower-/.f64 99.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   8. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}}{\sin v}} \]

   9. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v + 1}}{\sin v}} \]

   10. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v} + 1}{\sin v}} \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\cos v \cdot e} + 1}{\sin v}} \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 99.6

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}}{\sin v}} \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}{\sin v}}} \]

5. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \left(e + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}{v}}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \left(e + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}{v}}} \]

   2. associate-+r+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e\right) + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)}}{v}} \]

   3. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right) + \left(1 + e\right)}}{v}} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} + \left(1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   5. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}}{v}} \]

   6. sub-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}, {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   7. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}, {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   8. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   9. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   10. +-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e + 1\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   11. distribute-lft-in N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot e + \frac{1}{6} \cdot 1}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \frac{1}{6} \cdot e + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   13. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   14. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)\right), \color{blue}{v \cdot v}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   15. lower-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)\right), \color{blue}{v \cdot v}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   16. lower-+.f64 52.6

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, \color{blue}{1 + e}\right)}{v}} \]

7. Applied rewrites 52.6%

   \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, 1 + e\right)}{v}}} \]

8. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \left(e + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{24} \cdot e - \left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right) + \frac{1}{120} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)\right) - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}{v}}} \]

10. Applied rewrites 52.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.041666666666666664 \cdot e - \mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.3333333333333333, e, 0.16666666666666666\right), -0.16666666666666666, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.008333333333333333, e, 0.008333333333333333\right)\right), v \cdot v, \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.3333333333333333, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, 1 + e\right)}{v}}} \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 52.1% accurate, 4.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  e
  (/
   (fma
    (fma -0.5 e (fma 0.16666666666666666 e 0.16666666666666666))
    (* v v)
    (+ 1.0 e))
   v)))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return e / (fma(fma(-0.5, e, fma(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666)), (v * v), (1.0 + e)) / v);
}

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(e / Float64(fma(fma(-0.5, e, fma(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666)), Float64(v * v), Float64(1.0 + e)) / v))
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(e / N[(N[(N[(-0.5 * e + N[(0.16666666666666666 * e + 0.16666666666666666), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 + e), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v}}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]

   3. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   4. clear-num N/A

      \[\leadsto e \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   5. un-div-inv N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   6. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   7. lower-/.f64 99.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   8. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}}{\sin v}} \]

   9. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v + 1}}{\sin v}} \]

   10. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v} + 1}{\sin v}} \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\cos v \cdot e} + 1}{\sin v}} \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 99.6

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}}{\sin v}} \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}{\sin v}}} \]

5. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \left(e + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}{v}}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \left(e + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}{v}}} \]

   2. associate-+r+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e\right) + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)}}{v}} \]

   3. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right) + \left(1 + e\right)}}{v}} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} + \left(1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   5. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}}{v}} \]

   6. sub-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}, {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   7. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}, {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   8. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   9. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   10. +-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e + 1\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   11. distribute-lft-in N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot e + \frac{1}{6} \cdot 1}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \frac{1}{6} \cdot e + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   13. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   14. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)\right), \color{blue}{v \cdot v}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   15. lower-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)\right), \color{blue}{v \cdot v}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   16. lower-+.f64 52.6

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, \color{blue}{1 + e}\right)}{v}} \]

7. Applied rewrites 52.6%

   \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, 1 + e\right)}{v}}} \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 51.8% accurate, 5.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot e, v \cdot v, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v)
 :precision binary64
 (/ e (/ (fma (* -0.3333333333333333 e) (* v v) (+ 1.0 e)) v)))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return e / (fma((-0.3333333333333333 * e), (v * v), (1.0 + e)) / v);
}

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(e / Float64(fma(Float64(-0.3333333333333333 * e), Float64(v * v), Float64(1.0 + e)) / v))
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(e / N[(N[(N[(-0.3333333333333333 * e), $MachinePrecision] * N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision] + N[(1.0 + e), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v}}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]

   3. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   4. clear-num N/A

      \[\leadsto e \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   5. un-div-inv N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   6. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   7. lower-/.f64 99.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   8. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}}{\sin v}} \]

   9. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v + 1}}{\sin v}} \]

   10. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v} + 1}{\sin v}} \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\cos v \cdot e} + 1}{\sin v}} \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 99.6

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}}{\sin v}} \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}{\sin v}}} \]

5. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \left(e + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}{v}}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \left(e + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}{v}}} \]

   2. associate-+r+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e\right) + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)}}{v}} \]

   3. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right) + \left(1 + e\right)}}{v}} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} + \left(1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   5. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}}{v}} \]

   6. sub-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}, {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   7. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}, {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   8. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   9. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   10. +-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e + 1\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   11. distribute-lft-in N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot e + \frac{1}{6} \cdot 1}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \frac{1}{6} \cdot e + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   13. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   14. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)\right), \color{blue}{v \cdot v}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   15. lower-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)\right), \color{blue}{v \cdot v}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   16. lower-+.f64 52.6

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, \color{blue}{1 + e}\right)}{v}} \]

7. Applied rewrites 52.6%

   \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, 1 + e\right)}{v}}} \]

8. Taylor expanded in e around inf

   \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{3} \cdot e, v \cdot v, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

10. Applied rewrites 52.2%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot e, v \cdot v, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 51.2% accurate, 6.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, 0.16666666666666666, 1\right)}{v}} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v)
 :precision binary64
 (/ e (/ (fma (* v v) 0.16666666666666666 1.0) v)))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return e / (fma((v * v), 0.16666666666666666, 1.0) / v);
}

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(e / Float64(fma(Float64(v * v), 0.16666666666666666, 1.0) / v))
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(e / N[(N[(N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision] * 0.16666666666666666 + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] / v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \sin v}}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]

   3. associate-/l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e \cdot \frac{\sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}} \]

   4. clear-num N/A

      \[\leadsto e \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   5. un-div-inv N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   6. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   7. lower-/.f64 99.6

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + e \cdot \cos v}{\sin v}}} \]

   8. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{1 + e \cdot \cos v}}{\sin v}} \]

   9. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v + 1}}{\sin v}} \]

   10. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{e \cdot \cos v} + 1}{\sin v}} \]

   11. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\cos v \cdot e} + 1}{\sin v}} \]

   12. lower-fma.f64 99.6

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}}{\sin v}} \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos v, e, 1\right)}{\sin v}}} \]

5. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \left(e + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}{v}}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 + \left(e + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}{v}}} \]

   2. associate-+r+ N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + e\right) + {v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)}}{v}} \]

   3. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right) + \left(1 + e\right)}}{v}} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right) \cdot {v}^{2}} + \left(1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   5. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e - \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}}{v}} \]

   6. sub-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot e + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}, {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   7. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right)\right)}, {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   8. distribute-lft-neg-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{-1}{6}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 + e\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   9. metadata-eval N/A

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot \left(1 + e\right)\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   10. +-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \frac{1}{6} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e + 1\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   11. distribute-lft-in N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6} \cdot e + \frac{1}{6} \cdot 1}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   12. metadata-eval N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \frac{1}{6} \cdot e + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{6}}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   13. lower-fma.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)}\right), {v}^{2}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   14. unpow2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)\right), \color{blue}{v \cdot v}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   15. lower-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{2}, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{1}{6}, e, \frac{1}{6}\right)\right), \color{blue}{v \cdot v}, 1 + e\right)}{v}} \]

   16. lower-+.f64 52.6

       \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, \color{blue}{1 + e}\right)}{v}} \]

7. Applied rewrites 52.6%

   \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.5, e, \mathsf{fma}\left(0.16666666666666666, e, 0.16666666666666666\right)\right), v \cdot v, 1 + e\right)}{v}}} \]

8. Taylor expanded in e around 0

   \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{1 + \frac{1}{6} \cdot {v}^{2}}{v}} \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

10. Applied rewrites 51.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(v \cdot v, 0.16666666666666666, 1\right)}{v}} \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 51.0% accurate, 11.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (/ e (+ 1.0 e)) v))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e / (1.0 + e)) * v;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = (e / (1.0d0 + e)) * v
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return (e / (1.0 + e)) * v;
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return (e / (1.0 + e)) * v

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(e / Float64(1.0 + e)) * v)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = (e / (1.0 + e)) * v;
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(e / N[(1.0 + e), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * v), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot v}{1 + e}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l/ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   3. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

   4. lower-+.f64 51.3

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

5. Applied rewrites 51.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 50.6% accurate, 16.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(1 - e\right) \cdot e\right) \cdot v \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (* (- 1.0 e) e) v))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return ((1.0 - e) * e) * v;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = ((1.0d0 - e) * e) * v
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return ((1.0 - e) * e) * v;
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return ((1.0 - e) * e) * v

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 - e) * e) * v)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = ((1.0 - e) * e) * v;
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[(N[(1.0 - e), $MachinePrecision] * e), $MachinePrecision] * v), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot v}{1 + e}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l/ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   3. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

   4. lower-+.f64 51.3

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

5. Applied rewrites 51.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

6. Taylor expanded in e around 0

   \[\leadsto \left(e \cdot \left(1 + -1 \cdot e\right)\right) \cdot v \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 50.9%

   \[\leadsto \left(\left(1 - e\right) \cdot e\right) \cdot v \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 50.6% accurate, 16.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(-v, e, v\right) \cdot e \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* (fma (- v) e v) e))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return fma(-v, e, v) * e;
}

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(fma(Float64(-v), e, v) * e)
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(N[((-v) * e + v), $MachinePrecision] * e), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot v}{1 + e}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l/ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   3. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

   4. lower-+.f64 51.3

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

5. Applied rewrites 51.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

6. Taylor expanded in e around 0

   \[\leadsto e \cdot \color{blue}{\left(v + -1 \cdot \left(e \cdot v\right)\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 50.9%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-v, e, v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{e} \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 50.1% accurate, 37.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ v \cdot e \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (e v) :precision binary64 (* v e))

C

double code(double e, double v) {
	return v * e;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(e, v)
    real(8), intent (in) :: e
    real(8), intent (in) :: v
    code = v * e
end function

Java

public static double code(double e, double v) {
	return v * e;
}

Python

def code(e, v):
	return v * e

Julia

function code(e, v)
	return Float64(v * e)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(e, v)
	tmp = v * e;
end

Wolfram

code[e_, v_] := N[(v * e), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\frac{e \cdot \sin v}{1 + e \cdot \cos v} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in v around 0

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e \cdot v}{1 + e}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l/ N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

   3. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

   4. lower-+.f64 51.3

      \[\leadsto \frac{e}{\color{blue}{1 + e}} \cdot v \]

5. Applied rewrites 51.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e}{1 + e} \cdot v} \]

6. Taylor expanded in e around 0

   \[\leadsto e \cdot \color{blue}{v} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

8. Applied rewrites 50.2%

   \[\leadsto v \cdot \color{blue}{e} \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024302 
(FPCore (e v)
  :name "Trigonometry A"
  :precision binary64
  :pre (and (<= 0.0 e) (<= e 1.0))
  (/ (* e (sin v)) (+ 1.0 (* e (cos v)))))