Destination given bearing on a great circle

Percentage Accurate: 99.8% → 99.6%

Time: 15.5s

Alternatives: 12

Speedup: 1.2×

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (sin phi1)
     (sin
      (asin
       (+
        (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
        (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))
end function

Java

public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - (Math.sin(phi1) * Math.sin(Math.asin(((Math.sin(phi1) * Math.cos(delta)) + ((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(theta))))))));
}

Python

def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - (math.sin(phi1) * math.sin(math.asin(((math.sin(phi1) * math.cos(delta)) + ((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(theta))))))))

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))))))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  lambda1
  (atan2
   (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (sin phi1)
     (sin
      (asin
       (+
        (* (sin phi1) (cos delta))
        (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))))
end function

Java

public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return lambda1 + Math.atan2(((Math.sin(theta) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(phi1)), (Math.cos(delta) - (Math.sin(phi1) * Math.sin(Math.asin(((Math.sin(phi1) * Math.cos(delta)) + ((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(theta))))))));
}

Python

def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return lambda1 + math.atan2(((math.sin(theta) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(phi1)), (math.cos(delta) - (math.sin(phi1) * math.sin(math.asin(((math.sin(phi1) * math.cos(delta)) + ((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(theta))))))))

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(lambda1 + atan(Float64(Float64(sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(asin(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)))))))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = lambda1 + atan2(((sin(theta) * sin(delta)) * cos(phi1)), (cos(delta) - (sin(phi1) * sin(asin(((sin(phi1) * cos(delta)) + ((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta))))))));
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(lambda1 + N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\\ \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\frac{\frac{\cos delta \cdot \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot delta\right) - -1\right)}{2} - {t\_1}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(t\_1 + \cos delta\right) \cdot t\_1\right)}} + \lambda_1 \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1
         (*
          (fma
           (cos theta)
           (* (cos phi1) (sin delta))
           (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)))
          (sin phi1))))
   (+
    (atan2
     (* (cos phi1) (* (sin delta) (sin theta)))
     (/
      (- (/ (* (cos delta) (- (cos (* 2.0 delta)) -1.0)) 2.0) (pow t_1 3.0))
      (fma (cos delta) (cos delta) (* (+ t_1 (cos delta)) t_1))))
    lambda1)))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double t_1 = fma(cos(theta), (cos(phi1) * sin(delta)), (sin(phi1) * cos(delta))) * sin(phi1);
	return atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(delta) * sin(theta))), ((((cos(delta) * (cos((2.0 * delta)) - -1.0)) / 2.0) - pow(t_1, 3.0)) / fma(cos(delta), cos(delta), ((t_1 + cos(delta)) * t_1)))) + lambda1;
}

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	t_1 = Float64(fma(cos(theta), Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)), Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta))) * sin(phi1))
	return Float64(atan(Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(delta) * sin(theta))), Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(cos(delta) * Float64(cos(Float64(2.0 * delta)) - -1.0)) / 2.0) - (t_1 ^ 3.0)) / fma(cos(delta), cos(delta), Float64(Float64(t_1 + cos(delta)) * t_1)))) + lambda1)
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[(N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[N[(2.0 * delta), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[t$95$1, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(t$95$1 + N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\frac{{\cos delta}^{3} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}}} \]
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-pow.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{{\cos delta}^{3}} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   2. unpow3 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \cos delta} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   3. lift-cos.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\left(\color{blue}{\cos delta} \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \cos delta - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   4. lift-cos.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\left(\cos delta \cdot \color{blue}{\cos delta}\right) \cdot \cos delta - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   5. cos-mult N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\cos \left(delta + delta\right) + \cos \left(delta - delta\right)}{2}} \cdot \cos delta - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   6. associate-*l/ N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\cos \left(delta + delta\right) + \cos \left(delta - delta\right)\right) \cdot \cos delta}{2}} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   7. lower-/.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\cos \left(delta + delta\right) + \cos \left(delta - delta\right)\right) \cdot \cos delta}{2}} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   8. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(delta + delta\right) + \cos \left(delta - delta\right)\right) \cdot \cos delta}}{2} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   9. count-2 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\frac{\left(\cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot delta\right)} + \cos \left(delta - delta\right)\right) \cdot \cos delta}{2} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   10. +-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(delta - delta\right) + \cos \left(2 \cdot delta\right)\right)} \cdot \cos delta}{2} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   11. cos-diff N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\frac{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \cos delta + \sin delta \cdot \sin delta\right)} + \cos \left(2 \cdot delta\right)\right) \cdot \cos delta}{2} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   12. cos-sin-sum N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\frac{\left(\color{blue}{1} + \cos \left(2 \cdot delta\right)\right) \cdot \cos delta}{2} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   13. lower-+.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + \cos \left(2 \cdot delta\right)\right)} \cdot \cos delta}{2} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   14. count-2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\frac{\left(1 + \cos \color{blue}{\left(delta + delta\right)}\right) \cdot \cos delta}{2} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   15. lower-cos.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\frac{\left(1 + \color{blue}{\cos \left(delta + delta\right)}\right) \cdot \cos delta}{2} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   16. count-2 N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\frac{\left(1 + \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot delta\right)}\right) \cdot \cos delta}{2} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   17. lower-*.f64 99.9

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\frac{\left(1 + \cos \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot delta\right)}\right) \cdot \cos delta}{2} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

6. Applied rewrites 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(1 + \cos \left(2 \cdot delta\right)\right) \cdot \cos delta}{2}} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(-\sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) - \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

7. Final simplification 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\frac{\frac{\cos delta \cdot \left(\cos \left(2 \cdot delta\right) - -1\right)}{2} - {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)}^{3}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos delta, \cos delta, \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos delta\right) \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)\right)}} + \lambda_1 \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} + \lambda_1 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (atan2
   (* (* (cos phi1) (sin theta)) (sin delta))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (sin
      (asin
       (+
        (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))
        (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)))))
     (sin phi1))))
  lambda1))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(theta)) * sin(delta)), (cos(delta) - (sin(asin((((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)) + (sin(phi1) * cos(delta))))) * sin(phi1)))) + lambda1;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(theta)) * sin(delta)), (cos(delta) - (sin(asin((((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)) + (sin(phi1) * cos(delta))))) * sin(phi1)))) + lambda1
end function

Java

public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return Math.atan2(((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(theta)) * Math.sin(delta)), (Math.cos(delta) - (Math.sin(Math.asin((((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(delta)) * Math.cos(theta)) + (Math.sin(phi1) * Math.cos(delta))))) * Math.sin(phi1)))) + lambda1;
}

Python

def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return math.atan2(((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(theta)) * math.sin(delta)), (math.cos(delta) - (math.sin(math.asin((((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(delta)) * math.cos(theta)) + (math.sin(phi1) * math.cos(delta))))) * math.sin(phi1)))) + lambda1

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(theta)) * sin(delta)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(sin(asin(Float64(Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)) + Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta))))) * sin(phi1)))) + lambda1)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(theta)) * sin(delta)), (cos(delta) - (sin(asin((((cos(phi1) * sin(delta)) * cos(theta)) + (sin(phi1) * cos(delta))))) * sin(phi1)))) + lambda1;
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[N[ArcSin[N[(N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   3. associate-*l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   5. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   6. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   7. lower-*.f64 99.8

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

5. Final simplification 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} + \lambda_1 \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} + \lambda_1 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (atan2
   (* (* (cos phi1) (sin theta)) (sin delta))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (*
     (fma (* (cos theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1) (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)))
     (sin phi1))))
  lambda1))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(theta)) * sin(delta)), (cos(delta) - (fma((cos(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(phi1), (sin(phi1) * cos(delta))) * sin(phi1)))) + lambda1;
}

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(theta)) * sin(delta)), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(fma(Float64(cos(theta) * sin(delta)), cos(phi1), Float64(sin(phi1) * cos(delta))) * sin(phi1)))) + lambda1)
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(N[Cos[theta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   3. associate-*l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   5. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   6. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   7. lower-*.f64 99.8

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

5. Taylor expanded in theta around inf

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right)\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]

   3. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right) + \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \left(\color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1} + \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   5. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   6. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos theta \cdot \sin delta}, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   7. lower-cos.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos theta} \cdot \sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   8. lower-sin.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}, \cos \phi_1, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   9. lower-cos.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}, \cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   10. *-commutative N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta}\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   11. lower-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta}\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   12. lower-sin.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1} \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   13. lower-cos.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos delta}\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   14. lower-sin.f64 99.8

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}} \]

7. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]

8. Final simplification 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos theta \cdot \sin delta, \cos \phi_1, \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} + \lambda_1 \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 94.6% accurate, 1.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} + \lambda_1 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (atan2
   (* (cos phi1) (* (sin delta) (sin theta)))
   (-
    (cos delta)
    (* (fma (sin phi1) (cos delta) (* (cos phi1) (sin delta))) (sin phi1))))
  lambda1))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(delta) * sin(theta))), (cos(delta) - (fma(sin(phi1), cos(delta), (cos(phi1) * sin(delta))) * sin(phi1)))) + lambda1;
}

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(atan(Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(delta) * sin(theta))), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(fma(sin(phi1), cos(delta), Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(delta))) * sin(phi1)))) + lambda1)
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\cos delta \cdot \sin \phi_1 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]

   3. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta} + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   4. lower-fma.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   5. lower-sin.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   6. lower-cos.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \color{blue}{\cos delta}, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   7. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1}\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   8. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1}\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   9. lower-sin.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \color{blue}{\sin delta} \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   10. lower-cos.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \sin delta \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} \]

   11. lower-sin.f64 96.0

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}} \]

5. Applied rewrites 96.0%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]

6. Final simplification 96.0%

   \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \cos delta, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \sin \phi_1} + \lambda_1 \]
7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 92.0% accurate, 2.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \left(0.5 - \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right) \cdot 0.5\right)} + \lambda_1 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+
  (atan2
   (* (cos phi1) (* (sin delta) (sin theta)))
   (- (cos delta) (- 0.5 (* (cos (+ phi1 phi1)) 0.5))))
  lambda1))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(delta) * sin(theta))), (cos(delta) - (0.5 - (cos((phi1 + phi1)) * 0.5)))) + lambda1;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(delta) * sin(theta))), (cos(delta) - (0.5d0 - (cos((phi1 + phi1)) * 0.5d0)))) + lambda1
end function

Java

public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return Math.atan2((Math.cos(phi1) * (Math.sin(delta) * Math.sin(theta))), (Math.cos(delta) - (0.5 - (Math.cos((phi1 + phi1)) * 0.5)))) + lambda1;
}

Python

def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return math.atan2((math.cos(phi1) * (math.sin(delta) * math.sin(theta))), (math.cos(delta) - (0.5 - (math.cos((phi1 + phi1)) * 0.5)))) + lambda1

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(atan(Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(delta) * sin(theta))), Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(0.5 - Float64(cos(Float64(phi1 + phi1)) * 0.5)))) + lambda1)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = atan2((cos(phi1) * (sin(delta) * sin(theta))), (cos(delta) - (0.5 - (cos((phi1 + phi1)) * 0.5)))) + lambda1;
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(0.5 - N[(N[Cos[N[(phi1 + phi1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

   2. lift-sin.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

   3. lift-asin.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

   4. sin-asin N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

   5. lift-+.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

   6. +-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]

   7. distribute-lft-in N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

   8. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

   9. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

   10. lift-*.f64 N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}\right) + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

   11. associate-*r* N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta\right)} + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

   12. associate-*r* N/A

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \sin delta} + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right), \sin delta, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]

5. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-pow.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]

   2. lower-sin.f64 93.7

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}}^{2}} \]

7. Applied rewrites 93.7%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

9. Applied rewrites 93.7%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(0.5 - \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right)}\right)} \]

10. Final simplification 93.7%

    \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \left(0.5 - \cos \left(\phi_1 + \phi_1\right) \cdot 0.5\right)} + \lambda_1 \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 90.9% accurate, 2.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)\\ t_2 := \tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{\cos delta - \phi_1 \cdot \phi_1} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 9.5 \cdot 10^{-5}:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{t\_1}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (cos phi1) (* (sin delta) (sin theta))))
        (t_2 (+ (atan2 t_1 (- (cos delta) (* phi1 phi1))) lambda1)))
   (if (<= delta -9e-6)
     t_2
     (if (<= delta 9.5e-5) (+ (atan2 t_1 (pow (cos phi1) 2.0)) lambda1) t_2))))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double t_1 = cos(phi1) * (sin(delta) * sin(theta));
	double t_2 = atan2(t_1, (cos(delta) - (phi1 * phi1))) + lambda1;
	double tmp;
	if (delta <= -9e-6) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (delta <= 9.5e-5) {
		tmp = atan2(t_1, pow(cos(phi1), 2.0)) + lambda1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: t_2
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = cos(phi1) * (sin(delta) * sin(theta))
    t_2 = atan2(t_1, (cos(delta) - (phi1 * phi1))) + lambda1
    if (delta <= (-9d-6)) then
        tmp = t_2
    else if (delta <= 9.5d-5) then
        tmp = atan2(t_1, (cos(phi1) ** 2.0d0)) + lambda1
    else
        tmp = t_2
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double t_1 = Math.cos(phi1) * (Math.sin(delta) * Math.sin(theta));
	double t_2 = Math.atan2(t_1, (Math.cos(delta) - (phi1 * phi1))) + lambda1;
	double tmp;
	if (delta <= -9e-6) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (delta <= 9.5e-5) {
		tmp = Math.atan2(t_1, Math.pow(Math.cos(phi1), 2.0)) + lambda1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	t_1 = math.cos(phi1) * (math.sin(delta) * math.sin(theta))
	t_2 = math.atan2(t_1, (math.cos(delta) - (phi1 * phi1))) + lambda1
	tmp = 0
	if delta <= -9e-6:
		tmp = t_2
	elif delta <= 9.5e-5:
		tmp = math.atan2(t_1, math.pow(math.cos(phi1), 2.0)) + lambda1
	else:
		tmp = t_2
	return tmp

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	t_1 = Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(sin(delta) * sin(theta)))
	t_2 = Float64(atan(t_1, Float64(cos(delta) - Float64(phi1 * phi1))) + lambda1)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (delta <= -9e-6)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (delta <= 9.5e-5)
		tmp = Float64(atan(t_1, (cos(phi1) ^ 2.0)) + lambda1);
	else
		tmp = t_2;
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	t_1 = cos(phi1) * (sin(delta) * sin(theta));
	t_2 = atan2(t_1, (cos(delta) - (phi1 * phi1))) + lambda1;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (delta <= -9e-6)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (delta <= 9.5e-5)
		tmp = atan2(t_1, (cos(phi1) ^ 2.0)) + lambda1;
	else
		tmp = t_2;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[ArcTan[t$95$1 / N[(N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision] - N[(phi1 * phi1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[delta, -9e-6], t$95$2, If[LessEqual[delta, 9.5e-5], N[(N[ArcTan[t$95$1 / N[Power[N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision], t$95$2]]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if delta < -9.00000000000000023e-6 or 9.5000000000000005e-5 < delta

   1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

      2. lift-sin.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

      3. lift-asin.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

      4. sin-asin N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

      5. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

      6. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]

      7. distribute-lft-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

      8. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

      10. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}\right) + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

      11. associate-*r* N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta\right)} + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

      12. associate-*r* N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \sin delta} + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right), \sin delta, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]

      2. lower-sin.f64 86.7

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\color{blue}{\sin \phi_1}}^{2}} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 86.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{{\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]

   8. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - {\phi_1}^{\color{blue}{2}}} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

   10. Applied rewrites 86.7%

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\phi_1}} \]

   if -9.00000000000000023e-6 < delta < 9.5000000000000005e-5

   1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing
   3. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

      2. lift-sin.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

      3. lift-asin.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

      4. sin-asin N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

      5. lift-+.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)}} \]

      6. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]

      7. distribute-lft-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right) + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)}} \]

      8. lift-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos theta \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)} + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

      10. lift-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}\right) + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

      11. associate-*r* N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta\right)} + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

      12. associate-*r* N/A

          \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right) \cdot \sin delta} + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta\right)\right)} \]

   4. Applied rewrites 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right), \sin delta, {\sin \phi_1}^{2} \cdot \cos delta\right)}} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{1 - {\sin \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{1 - \color{blue}{\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_1}} \]

      2. 1-sub-sin N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_1}} \]

      3. unpow2 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]

      4. lower-pow.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]

      5. lower-cos.f64 99.6

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{{\color{blue}{\cos \phi_1}}^{2}} \]

   7. Applied rewrites 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}}} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 93.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -9 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \phi_1 \cdot \phi_1} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 9.5 \cdot 10^{-5}:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{{\cos \phi_1}^{2}} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \sin theta\right)}{\cos delta - \phi_1 \cdot \phi_1} + \lambda_1\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 88.2% accurate, 2.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (atan2 (* (* (cos phi1) (sin theta)) (sin delta)) (cos delta)) lambda1))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(theta)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(theta)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1
end function

Java

public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return Math.atan2(((Math.cos(phi1) * Math.sin(theta)) * Math.sin(delta)), Math.cos(delta)) + lambda1;
}

Python

def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return math.atan2(((math.cos(phi1) * math.sin(theta)) * math.sin(delta)), math.cos(delta)) + lambda1

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(theta)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = atan2(((cos(phi1) * sin(theta)) * sin(delta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   2. lift-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right)} \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   3. associate-*l* N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \left(\sin delta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   4. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right)}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   5. associate-*r* N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   6. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

   7. lower-*.f64 99.8

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

4. Applied rewrites 99.8%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]

5. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-cos.f64 89.6

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

7. Applied rewrites 89.6%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

8. Final simplification 89.6%

   \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1 \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 86.0% accurate, 3.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (atan2 (* (sin delta) (sin theta)) (cos delta)) lambda1))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return atan2((sin(delta) * sin(theta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = atan2((sin(delta) * sin(theta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1
end function

Java

public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return Math.atan2((Math.sin(delta) * Math.sin(theta)), Math.cos(delta)) + lambda1;
}

Python

def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return math.atan2((math.sin(delta) * math.sin(theta)), math.cos(delta)) + lambda1

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(atan(Float64(sin(delta) * sin(theta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = atan2((sin(delta) * sin(theta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-cos.f64 89.6

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

5. Applied rewrites 89.6%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   3. lower-sin.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]

   4. lower-sin.f64 86.7

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

8. Applied rewrites 86.7%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

9. Final simplification 86.7%

   \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1 \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 79.6% accurate, 4.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, theta \cdot theta, 1\right) \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -1950000000:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 5.9 \cdot 10^{-40}:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, delta \cdot delta, 1\right) \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot delta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1
         (+
          (atan2
           (*
            (* (fma -0.16666666666666666 (* theta theta) 1.0) (sin delta))
            theta)
           (cos delta))
          lambda1)))
   (if (<= delta -1950000000.0)
     t_1
     (if (<= delta 5.9e-40)
       (+
        (atan2
         (*
          (* (fma -0.16666666666666666 (* delta delta) 1.0) (sin theta))
          delta)
         (cos delta))
        lambda1)
       t_1))))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double t_1 = atan2(((fma(-0.16666666666666666, (theta * theta), 1.0) * sin(delta)) * theta), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
	double tmp;
	if (delta <= -1950000000.0) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (delta <= 5.9e-40) {
		tmp = atan2(((fma(-0.16666666666666666, (delta * delta), 1.0) * sin(theta)) * delta), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	t_1 = Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(fma(-0.16666666666666666, Float64(theta * theta), 1.0) * sin(delta)) * theta), cos(delta)) + lambda1)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (delta <= -1950000000.0)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (delta <= 5.9e-40)
		tmp = Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(fma(-0.16666666666666666, Float64(delta * delta), 1.0) * sin(theta)) * delta), cos(delta)) + lambda1);
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[(-0.16666666666666666 * N[(theta * theta), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[delta, -1950000000.0], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[delta, 5.9e-40], N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[(-0.16666666666666666 * N[(delta * delta), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if delta < -1.95e9 or 5.89999999999999966e-40 < delta

   1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-cos.f64 84.7

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 84.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      3. lower-sin.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]

      4. lower-sin.f64 79.1

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   8. Applied rewrites 79.1%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

   11. Applied rewrites 68.1%

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   12. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin delta + \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left({theta}^{2} \cdot \sin delta\right)\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
   13. Step-by-step derivation

   14. Applied rewrites 69.0%

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, theta \cdot theta, 1\right) \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \color{blue}{theta}}{\cos delta} \]

   if -1.95e9 < delta < 5.89999999999999966e-40

   1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-cos.f64 93.8

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 93.8%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      3. lower-sin.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]

      4. lower-sin.f64 93.5

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   8. Applied rewrites 93.5%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

   11. Applied rewrites 69.9%

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   12. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin theta + \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left({delta}^{2} \cdot \sin theta\right)\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
   13. Step-by-step derivation

   14. Applied rewrites 93.5%

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, delta \cdot delta, 1\right) \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \color{blue}{delta}}{\cos delta} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 82.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;delta \leq -1950000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, theta \cdot theta, 1\right) \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;delta \leq 5.9 \cdot 10^{-40}:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, delta \cdot delta, 1\right) \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot delta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, theta \cdot theta, 1\right) \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 79.1% accurate, 4.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;theta \leq -2.05 \cdot 10^{-83}:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, delta \cdot delta, 1\right) \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot delta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;theta \leq 0.1:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= theta -2.05e-83)
   (+
    (atan2
     (* (* (fma -0.16666666666666666 (* delta delta) 1.0) (sin theta)) delta)
     (cos delta))
    lambda1)
   (if (<= theta 0.1)
     (+ (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta)) lambda1)
     (+ (atan2 (* delta (sin theta)) (cos delta)) lambda1))))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double tmp;
	if (theta <= -2.05e-83) {
		tmp = atan2(((fma(-0.16666666666666666, (delta * delta), 1.0) * sin(theta)) * delta), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
	} else if (theta <= 0.1) {
		tmp = atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
	} else {
		tmp = atan2((delta * sin(theta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (theta <= -2.05e-83)
		tmp = Float64(atan(Float64(Float64(fma(-0.16666666666666666, Float64(delta * delta), 1.0) * sin(theta)) * delta), cos(delta)) + lambda1);
	elseif (theta <= 0.1)
		tmp = Float64(atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)) + lambda1);
	else
		tmp = Float64(atan(Float64(delta * sin(theta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1);
	end
	return tmp
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := If[LessEqual[theta, -2.05e-83], N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[(N[(-0.16666666666666666 * N[(delta * delta), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * delta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[theta, 0.1], N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[ArcTan[N[(delta * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if theta < -2.05e-83

   1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-cos.f64 87.6

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 87.6%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      3. lower-sin.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]

      4. lower-sin.f64 84.9

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   8. Applied rewrites 84.9%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

   11. Applied rewrites 57.2%

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   12. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin theta + \frac{-1}{6} \cdot \left({delta}^{2} \cdot \sin theta\right)\right)}}{\cos delta} \]
   13. Step-by-step derivation

   14. Applied rewrites 76.7%

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, delta \cdot delta, 1\right) \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot \color{blue}{delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   if -2.05e-83 < theta < 0.10000000000000001

   1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-cos.f64 92.3

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 92.3%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      3. lower-sin.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]

      4. lower-sin.f64 88.2

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   8. Applied rewrites 88.2%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

   11. Applied rewrites 88.2%

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   if 0.10000000000000001 < theta

   1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-cos.f64 87.7

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 87.7%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      3. lower-sin.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]

      4. lower-sin.f64 86.6

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   8. Applied rewrites 86.6%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

   11. Applied rewrites 78.2%

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{delta}}{\cos delta} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 81.8%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;theta \leq -2.05 \cdot 10^{-83}:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, delta \cdot delta, 1\right) \cdot \sin theta\right) \cdot delta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;theta \leq 0.1:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 80.0% accurate, 4.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{if}\;theta \leq -3.5 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;theta \leq 0.1:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (+ (atan2 (* delta (sin theta)) (cos delta)) lambda1)))
   (if (<= theta -3.5e-6)
     t_1
     (if (<= theta 0.1)
       (+ (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta)) lambda1)
       t_1))))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double t_1 = atan2((delta * sin(theta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
	double tmp;
	if (theta <= -3.5e-6) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (theta <= 0.1) {
		tmp = atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = atan2((delta * sin(theta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1
    if (theta <= (-3.5d-6)) then
        tmp = t_1
    else if (theta <= 0.1d0) then
        tmp = atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)) + lambda1
    else
        tmp = t_1
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	double t_1 = Math.atan2((delta * Math.sin(theta)), Math.cos(delta)) + lambda1;
	double tmp;
	if (theta <= -3.5e-6) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (theta <= 0.1) {
		tmp = Math.atan2((Math.sin(delta) * theta), Math.cos(delta)) + lambda1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	t_1 = math.atan2((delta * math.sin(theta)), math.cos(delta)) + lambda1
	tmp = 0
	if theta <= -3.5e-6:
		tmp = t_1
	elif theta <= 0.1:
		tmp = math.atan2((math.sin(delta) * theta), math.cos(delta)) + lambda1
	else:
		tmp = t_1
	return tmp

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	t_1 = Float64(atan(Float64(delta * sin(theta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (theta <= -3.5e-6)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (theta <= 0.1)
		tmp = Float64(atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)) + lambda1);
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	t_1 = atan2((delta * sin(theta)), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (theta <= -3.5e-6)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (theta <= 0.1)
		tmp = atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[ArcTan[N[(delta * N[Sin[theta], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[theta, -3.5e-6], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[theta, 0.1], N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if theta < -3.49999999999999995e-6 or 0.10000000000000001 < theta

   1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-cos.f64 87.3

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 87.3%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      3. lower-sin.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]

      4. lower-sin.f64 85.1

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   8. Applied rewrites 85.1%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   9. Taylor expanded in delta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

   11. Applied rewrites 75.8%

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   if -3.49999999999999995e-6 < theta < 0.10000000000000001

   1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-cos.f64 92.2

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 92.2%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

      3. lower-sin.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]

      4. lower-sin.f64 88.6

         \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   8. Applied rewrites 88.6%

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

   11. Applied rewrites 88.6%

       \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 81.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;theta \leq -3.5 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;theta \leq 0.1:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\tan^{-1}_* \frac{delta \cdot \sin theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 73.1% accurate, 4.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (atan2 (* (sin delta) theta) (cos delta)) lambda1))

C

double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
    real(8), intent (in) :: lambda1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi1
    real(8), intent (in) :: phi2
    real(8), intent (in) :: delta
    real(8), intent (in) :: theta
    code = atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)) + lambda1
end function

Java

public static double code(double lambda1, double phi1, double phi2, double delta, double theta) {
	return Math.atan2((Math.sin(delta) * theta), Math.cos(delta)) + lambda1;
}

Python

def code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta):
	return math.atan2((math.sin(delta) * theta), math.cos(delta)) + lambda1

Julia

function code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	return Float64(atan(Float64(sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)) + lambda1)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(lambda1, phi1, phi2, delta, theta)
	tmp = atan2((sin(delta) * theta), cos(delta)) + lambda1;
end

Wolfram

code[lambda1_, phi1_, phi2_, delta_, theta_] := N[(N[ArcTan[N[(N[Sin[delta], $MachinePrecision] * theta), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[delta], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + lambda1), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.8%

   \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\cos delta - \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \sin^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos delta + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos theta\right)} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower-cos.f64 89.6

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

5. Applied rewrites 89.6%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin theta \cdot \sin delta\right) \cdot \cos \phi_1}{\color{blue}{\cos delta}} \]

6. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin delta \cdot \sin theta}}{\cos delta} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   2. lower-*.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

   3. lower-sin.f64 N/A

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta} \cdot \sin delta}{\cos delta} \]

   4. lower-sin.f64 86.7

      \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

8. Applied rewrites 86.7%

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\color{blue}{\sin theta \cdot \sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

9. Taylor expanded in theta around 0

   \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]
10. Step-by-step derivation

11. Applied rewrites 69.1%

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{theta \cdot \color{blue}{\sin delta}}{\cos delta} \]

12. Final simplification 69.1%

    \[\leadsto \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin delta \cdot theta}{\cos delta} + \lambda_1 \]
13. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024284 
(FPCore (lambda1 phi1 phi2 delta theta)
  :name "Destination given bearing on a great circle"
  :precision binary64
  (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (* (sin theta) (sin delta)) (cos phi1)) (- (cos delta) (* (sin phi1) (sin (asin (+ (* (sin phi1) (cos delta)) (* (* (cos phi1) (sin delta)) (cos theta))))))))))