Diagrams.Backend.Cairo.Internal:setTexture from diagrams-cairo-1.3.0.3

Percentage Accurate: 84.4% → 96.9%
Time: 7.7s
Alternatives: 7
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (/ (* x (- y z)) y))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x * (y - z)) / y;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = (x * (y - z)) / y
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x * (y - z)) / y;
}
def code(x, y, z):
	return (x * (y - z)) / y
function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(Float64(x * Float64(y - z)) / y)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = (x * (y - z)) / y;
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(N[(x * N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 7 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 84.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (/ (* x (- y z)) y))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x * (y - z)) / y;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = (x * (y - z)) / y
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x * (y - z)) / y;
}
def code(x, y, z):
	return (x * (y - z)) / y
function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(Float64(x * Float64(y - z)) / y)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = (x * (y - z)) / y;
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(N[(x * N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 96.9% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\left(y - z\right) \cdot x\_m}{y} \leq 10^{+302}:\\ \;\;\;\;x\_m - \frac{x\_m \cdot z}{y}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{y} \cdot \left(y - z\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  x_s
  (if (<= (/ (* (- y z) x_m) y) 1e+302)
    (- x_m (/ (* x_m z) y))
    (* (/ x_m y) (- y z)))))
x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if ((((y - z) * x_m) / y) <= 1e+302) {
		tmp = x_m - ((x_m * z) / y);
	} else {
		tmp = (x_m / y) * (y - z);
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((((y - z) * x_m) / y) <= 1d+302) then
        tmp = x_m - ((x_m * z) / y)
    else
        tmp = (x_m / y) * (y - z)
    end if
    code = x_s * tmp
end function
x\_m = Math.abs(x);
x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if ((((y - z) * x_m) / y) <= 1e+302) {
		tmp = x_m - ((x_m * z) / y);
	} else {
		tmp = (x_m / y) * (y - z);
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = math.fabs(x)
x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
	tmp = 0
	if (((y - z) * x_m) / y) <= 1e+302:
		tmp = x_m - ((x_m * z) / y)
	else:
		tmp = (x_m / y) * (y - z)
	return x_s * tmp
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(Float64(Float64(y - z) * x_m) / y) <= 1e+302)
		tmp = Float64(x_m - Float64(Float64(x_m * z) / y));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x_m / y) * Float64(y - z));
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end
x\_m = abs(x);
x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((((y - z) * x_m) / y) <= 1e+302)
		tmp = x_m - ((x_m * z) / y);
	else
		tmp = (x_m / y) * (y - z);
	end
	tmp_2 = x_s * tmp;
end
x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[N[(N[(N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision] / y), $MachinePrecision], 1e+302], N[(x$95$m - N[(N[(x$95$m * z), $MachinePrecision] / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(x$95$m / y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
x\_m = \left|x\right|
\\
x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)

\\
x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\frac{\left(y - z\right) \cdot x\_m}{y} \leq 10^{+302}:\\
\;\;\;\;x\_m - \frac{x\_m \cdot z}{y}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{y} \cdot \left(y - z\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (/.f64 (*.f64 x (-.f64 y z)) y) < 1.0000000000000001e302

    1. Initial program 91.9%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + -1 \cdot \frac{x \cdot z}{y}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{x \cdot z}{y}\right)\right)} \]
      2. unsub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{x \cdot z}{y}} \]
      3. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{x \cdot z}{y}} \]
      4. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto x - \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot z}{y}} \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto x - \frac{\color{blue}{z \cdot x}}{y} \]
      6. lower-*.f6495.3

        \[\leadsto x - \frac{\color{blue}{z \cdot x}}{y} \]
    5. Applied rewrites95.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{z \cdot x}{y}} \]

    if 1.0000000000000001e302 < (/.f64 (*.f64 x (-.f64 y z)) y)

    1. Initial program 70.6%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}}{y} \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) \cdot x}}{y} \]
      4. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) \cdot \frac{x}{y}} \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{y} \cdot \left(y - z\right)} \]
      6. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{y} \cdot \left(y - z\right)} \]
      7. lower-/.f6499.7

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{y}} \cdot \left(y - z\right) \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{y} \cdot \left(y - z\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification95.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{\left(y - z\right) \cdot x}{y} \leq 10^{+302}:\\ \;\;\;\;x - \frac{x \cdot z}{y}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x}{y} \cdot \left(y - z\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 71.0% accurate, 0.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2.3 \cdot 10^{-50}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\_m\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.36 \cdot 10^{+88}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-z\right) \cdot x\_m}{y}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  x_s
  (if (<= y -2.3e-50)
    (* 1.0 x_m)
    (if (<= y 1.36e+88) (/ (* (- z) x_m) y) (* 1.0 x_m)))))
x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -2.3e-50) {
		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
	} else if (y <= 1.36e+88) {
		tmp = (-z * x_m) / y;
	} else {
		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (y <= (-2.3d-50)) then
        tmp = 1.0d0 * x_m
    else if (y <= 1.36d+88) then
        tmp = (-z * x_m) / y
    else
        tmp = 1.0d0 * x_m
    end if
    code = x_s * tmp
end function
x\_m = Math.abs(x);
x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -2.3e-50) {
		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
	} else if (y <= 1.36e+88) {
		tmp = (-z * x_m) / y;
	} else {
		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = math.fabs(x)
x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
	tmp = 0
	if y <= -2.3e-50:
		tmp = 1.0 * x_m
	elif y <= 1.36e+88:
		tmp = (-z * x_m) / y
	else:
		tmp = 1.0 * x_m
	return x_s * tmp
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -2.3e-50)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 * x_m);
	elseif (y <= 1.36e+88)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-z) * x_m) / y);
	else
		tmp = Float64(1.0 * x_m);
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end
x\_m = abs(x);
x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (y <= -2.3e-50)
		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
	elseif (y <= 1.36e+88)
		tmp = (-z * x_m) / y;
	else
		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
	end
	tmp_2 = x_s * tmp;
end
x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[y, -2.3e-50], N[(1.0 * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 1.36e+88], N[(N[((-z) * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision] / y), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
x\_m = \left|x\right|
\\
x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)

\\
x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2.3 \cdot 10^{-50}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\_m\\

\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.36 \cdot 10^{+88}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-z\right) \cdot x\_m}{y}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\_m\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if y < -2.3000000000000002e-50 or 1.3600000000000001e88 < y

    1. Initial program 84.5%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}}{y} \]
      3. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{y - z}{y}} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
      5. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
      6. lower-/.f6499.8

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y}} \cdot x \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in z around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \cdot x \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites76.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \cdot x \]

      if -2.3000000000000002e-50 < y < 1.3600000000000001e88

      1. Initial program 92.7%

        \[\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in z around inf

        \[\leadsto \frac{x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot z\right)}}{y} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. mul-1-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)\right)}}{y} \]
        2. lower-neg.f6476.0

          \[\leadsto \frac{x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-z\right)}}{y} \]
      5. Applied rewrites76.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-z\right)}}{y} \]
    7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    8. Final simplification76.0%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2.3 \cdot 10^{-50}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.36 \cdot 10^{+88}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-z\right) \cdot x}{y}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\\ \end{array} \]
    9. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 3: 68.9% accurate, 0.6× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2.4 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\_m\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 2.45 \cdot 10^{+92}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-z}{y} \cdot x\_m\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
    x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
    (FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
     :precision binary64
     (*
      x_s
      (if (<= y -2.4e-60)
        (* 1.0 x_m)
        (if (<= y 2.45e+92) (* (/ (- z) y) x_m) (* 1.0 x_m)))))
    x\_m = fabs(x);
    x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
    double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (y <= -2.4e-60) {
    		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
    	} else if (y <= 2.45e+92) {
    		tmp = (-z / y) * x_m;
    	} else {
    		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
    	}
    	return x_s * tmp;
    }
    
    x\_m = abs(x)
    x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
    real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
        real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        real(8), intent (in) :: z
        real(8) :: tmp
        if (y <= (-2.4d-60)) then
            tmp = 1.0d0 * x_m
        else if (y <= 2.45d+92) then
            tmp = (-z / y) * x_m
        else
            tmp = 1.0d0 * x_m
        end if
        code = x_s * tmp
    end function
    
    x\_m = Math.abs(x);
    x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
    public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (y <= -2.4e-60) {
    		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
    	} else if (y <= 2.45e+92) {
    		tmp = (-z / y) * x_m;
    	} else {
    		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
    	}
    	return x_s * tmp;
    }
    
    x\_m = math.fabs(x)
    x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
    def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
    	tmp = 0
    	if y <= -2.4e-60:
    		tmp = 1.0 * x_m
    	elif y <= 2.45e+92:
    		tmp = (-z / y) * x_m
    	else:
    		tmp = 1.0 * x_m
    	return x_s * tmp
    
    x\_m = abs(x)
    x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
    function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (y <= -2.4e-60)
    		tmp = Float64(1.0 * x_m);
    	elseif (y <= 2.45e+92)
    		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-z) / y) * x_m);
    	else
    		tmp = Float64(1.0 * x_m);
    	end
    	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
    end
    
    x\_m = abs(x);
    x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
    function tmp_2 = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if (y <= -2.4e-60)
    		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
    	elseif (y <= 2.45e+92)
    		tmp = (-z / y) * x_m;
    	else
    		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
    	end
    	tmp_2 = x_s * tmp;
    end
    
    x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
    x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
    code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[y, -2.4e-60], N[(1.0 * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 2.45e+92], N[(N[((-z) / y), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]]), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    x\_m = \left|x\right|
    \\
    x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)
    
    \\
    x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2.4 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\
    \;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\_m\\
    
    \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 2.45 \cdot 10^{+92}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\frac{-z}{y} \cdot x\_m\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\_m\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if y < -2.40000000000000009e-60 or 2.4500000000000001e92 < y

      1. Initial program 84.5%

        \[\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y}} \]
        2. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}}{y} \]
        3. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{y - z}{y}} \]
        4. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
        5. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
        6. lower-/.f6499.0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y}} \cdot x \]
      4. Applied rewrites99.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in z around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \cdot x \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites74.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \cdot x \]

        if -2.40000000000000009e-60 < y < 2.4500000000000001e92

        1. Initial program 93.1%

          \[\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in z around inf

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{x \cdot z}{y}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-/l*N/A

            \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \frac{z}{y}\right)} \]
          2. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{z}{y} \cdot x\right)} \]
          3. associate-*r*N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{z}{y}\right) \cdot x} \]
          4. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{z}{y}\right) \cdot x} \]
          5. associate-*r/N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot z}{y}} \cdot x \]
          6. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot z}{y}} \cdot x \]
          7. mul-1-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)}}{y} \cdot x \]
          8. lower-neg.f6476.5

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-z}}{y} \cdot x \]
        5. Applied rewrites76.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-z}{y} \cdot x} \]
      7. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
      8. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 4: 96.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{y}, -x\_m, x\_m\right) \end{array} \]
      x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
      x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
      (FPCore (x_s x_m y z) :precision binary64 (* x_s (fma (/ z y) (- x_m) x_m)))
      x\_m = fabs(x);
      x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
      double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
      	return x_s * fma((z / y), -x_m, x_m);
      }
      
      x\_m = abs(x)
      x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
      function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
      	return Float64(x_s * fma(Float64(z / y), Float64(-x_m), x_m))
      end
      
      x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
      x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
      code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * N[(N[(z / y), $MachinePrecision] * (-x$95$m) + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      x\_m = \left|x\right|
      \\
      x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)
      
      \\
      x\_s \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{y}, -x\_m, x\_m\right)
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 89.2%

        \[\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y}} \]
        2. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}}{y} \]
        3. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{y - z}{y}} \]
        4. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
        5. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
        6. lower-/.f6496.9

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y}} \cdot x \]
      4. Applied rewrites96.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
        2. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y}} \cdot x \]
        3. associate-/r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{\frac{y}{x}}} \]
        4. lift--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{y - z}}{\frac{y}{x}} \]
        5. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{y - z}{\color{blue}{\frac{y}{x}}} \]
        6. div-subN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{\frac{y}{x}} - \frac{z}{\frac{y}{x}}} \]
        7. sub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{\frac{y}{x}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{z}{\frac{y}{x}}\right)\right)} \]
        8. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{y}{\color{blue}{\frac{y}{x}}} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{z}{\frac{y}{x}}\right)\right) \]
        9. associate-/r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{y} \cdot x} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{z}{\frac{y}{x}}\right)\right) \]
        10. *-inversesN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \cdot x + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{z}{\frac{y}{x}}\right)\right) \]
        11. *-lft-identityN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{z}{\frac{y}{x}}\right)\right) \]
        12. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{z}{\frac{y}{x}}\right)\right) + x} \]
        13. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{z}{\color{blue}{\frac{y}{x}}}\right)\right) + x \]
        14. associate-/r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{z}{y} \cdot x}\right)\right) + x \]
        15. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{z}{y} \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right)} + x \]
        16. lower-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{y}, \mathsf{neg}\left(x\right), x\right)} \]
        17. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{z}{y}}, \mathsf{neg}\left(x\right), x\right) \]
        18. lower-neg.f6496.9

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{y}, \color{blue}{-x}, x\right) \]
      6. Applied rewrites96.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{z}{y}, -x, x\right)} \]
      7. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 5: 96.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \left(\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x\_m\right) \end{array} \]
      x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
      x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
      (FPCore (x_s x_m y z) :precision binary64 (* x_s (* (/ (- y z) y) x_m)))
      x\_m = fabs(x);
      x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
      double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
      	return x_s * (((y - z) / y) * x_m);
      }
      
      x\_m = abs(x)
      x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
      real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
          real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
          real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
          real(8), intent (in) :: y
          real(8), intent (in) :: z
          code = x_s * (((y - z) / y) * x_m)
      end function
      
      x\_m = Math.abs(x);
      x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
      public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
      	return x_s * (((y - z) / y) * x_m);
      }
      
      x\_m = math.fabs(x)
      x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
      def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
      	return x_s * (((y - z) / y) * x_m)
      
      x\_m = abs(x)
      x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
      function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
      	return Float64(x_s * Float64(Float64(Float64(y - z) / y) * x_m))
      end
      
      x\_m = abs(x);
      x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
      function tmp = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
      	tmp = x_s * (((y - z) / y) * x_m);
      end
      
      x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
      x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
      code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * N[(N[(N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision] / y), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      x\_m = \left|x\right|
      \\
      x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)
      
      \\
      x\_s \cdot \left(\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x\_m\right)
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 89.2%

        \[\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y}} \]
        2. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}}{y} \]
        3. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{y - z}{y}} \]
        4. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
        5. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
        6. lower-/.f6496.9

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y}} \cdot x \]
      4. Applied rewrites96.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
      5. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 6: 93.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \left(x\_m - \frac{x\_m \cdot z}{y}\right) \end{array} \]
      x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
      x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
      (FPCore (x_s x_m y z) :precision binary64 (* x_s (- x_m (/ (* x_m z) y))))
      x\_m = fabs(x);
      x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
      double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
      	return x_s * (x_m - ((x_m * z) / y));
      }
      
      x\_m = abs(x)
      x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
      real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
          real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
          real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
          real(8), intent (in) :: y
          real(8), intent (in) :: z
          code = x_s * (x_m - ((x_m * z) / y))
      end function
      
      x\_m = Math.abs(x);
      x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
      public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
      	return x_s * (x_m - ((x_m * z) / y));
      }
      
      x\_m = math.fabs(x)
      x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
      def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
      	return x_s * (x_m - ((x_m * z) / y))
      
      x\_m = abs(x)
      x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
      function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
      	return Float64(x_s * Float64(x_m - Float64(Float64(x_m * z) / y)))
      end
      
      x\_m = abs(x);
      x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
      function tmp = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
      	tmp = x_s * (x_m - ((x_m * z) / y));
      end
      
      x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
      x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
      code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * N[(x$95$m - N[(N[(x$95$m * z), $MachinePrecision] / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      x\_m = \left|x\right|
      \\
      x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)
      
      \\
      x\_s \cdot \left(x\_m - \frac{x\_m \cdot z}{y}\right)
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 89.2%

        \[\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x + -1 \cdot \frac{x \cdot z}{y}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. mul-1-negN/A

          \[\leadsto x + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{x \cdot z}{y}\right)\right)} \]
        2. unsub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{x \cdot z}{y}} \]
        3. lower--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{x \cdot z}{y}} \]
        4. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto x - \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot z}{y}} \]
        5. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto x - \frac{\color{blue}{z \cdot x}}{y} \]
        6. lower-*.f6494.4

          \[\leadsto x - \frac{\color{blue}{z \cdot x}}{y} \]
      5. Applied rewrites94.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x - \frac{z \cdot x}{y}} \]
      6. Final simplification94.4%

        \[\leadsto x - \frac{x \cdot z}{y} \]
      7. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 7: 51.5% accurate, 3.3× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \left(1 \cdot x\_m\right) \end{array} \]
      x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
      x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
      (FPCore (x_s x_m y z) :precision binary64 (* x_s (* 1.0 x_m)))
      x\_m = fabs(x);
      x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
      double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
      	return x_s * (1.0 * x_m);
      }
      
      x\_m = abs(x)
      x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
      real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
          real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
          real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
          real(8), intent (in) :: y
          real(8), intent (in) :: z
          code = x_s * (1.0d0 * x_m)
      end function
      
      x\_m = Math.abs(x);
      x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
      public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
      	return x_s * (1.0 * x_m);
      }
      
      x\_m = math.fabs(x)
      x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
      def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
      	return x_s * (1.0 * x_m)
      
      x\_m = abs(x)
      x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
      function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
      	return Float64(x_s * Float64(1.0 * x_m))
      end
      
      x\_m = abs(x);
      x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
      function tmp = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
      	tmp = x_s * (1.0 * x_m);
      end
      
      x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
      x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
      code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * N[(1.0 * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      x\_m = \left|x\right|
      \\
      x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)
      
      \\
      x\_s \cdot \left(1 \cdot x\_m\right)
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Initial program 89.2%

        \[\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}{y}} \]
        2. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(y - z\right)}}{y} \]
        3. associate-/l*N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{y - z}{y}} \]
        4. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
        5. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
        6. lower-/.f6496.9

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y}} \cdot x \]
      4. Applied rewrites96.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y - z}{y} \cdot x} \]
      5. Taylor expanded in z around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \cdot x \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites44.8%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \cdot x \]
        2. Add Preprocessing

        Developer Target 1: 95.9% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z < -2.060202331921739 \cdot 10^{+104}:\\ \;\;\;\;x - \frac{z \cdot x}{y}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z < 1.6939766013828526 \cdot 10^{+213}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x}{\frac{y}{y - z}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(y - z\right) \cdot \frac{x}{y}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (x y z)
         :precision binary64
         (if (< z -2.060202331921739e+104)
           (- x (/ (* z x) y))
           (if (< z 1.6939766013828526e+213) (/ x (/ y (- y z))) (* (- y z) (/ x y)))))
        double code(double x, double y, double z) {
        	double tmp;
        	if (z < -2.060202331921739e+104) {
        		tmp = x - ((z * x) / y);
        	} else if (z < 1.6939766013828526e+213) {
        		tmp = x / (y / (y - z));
        	} else {
        		tmp = (y - z) * (x / y);
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        real(8) function code(x, y, z)
            real(8), intent (in) :: x
            real(8), intent (in) :: y
            real(8), intent (in) :: z
            real(8) :: tmp
            if (z < (-2.060202331921739d+104)) then
                tmp = x - ((z * x) / y)
            else if (z < 1.6939766013828526d+213) then
                tmp = x / (y / (y - z))
            else
                tmp = (y - z) * (x / y)
            end if
            code = tmp
        end function
        
        public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
        	double tmp;
        	if (z < -2.060202331921739e+104) {
        		tmp = x - ((z * x) / y);
        	} else if (z < 1.6939766013828526e+213) {
        		tmp = x / (y / (y - z));
        	} else {
        		tmp = (y - z) * (x / y);
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        def code(x, y, z):
        	tmp = 0
        	if z < -2.060202331921739e+104:
        		tmp = x - ((z * x) / y)
        	elif z < 1.6939766013828526e+213:
        		tmp = x / (y / (y - z))
        	else:
        		tmp = (y - z) * (x / y)
        	return tmp
        
        function code(x, y, z)
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if (z < -2.060202331921739e+104)
        		tmp = Float64(x - Float64(Float64(z * x) / y));
        	elseif (z < 1.6939766013828526e+213)
        		tmp = Float64(x / Float64(y / Float64(y - z)));
        	else
        		tmp = Float64(Float64(y - z) * Float64(x / y));
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
        	tmp = 0.0;
        	if (z < -2.060202331921739e+104)
        		tmp = x - ((z * x) / y);
        	elseif (z < 1.6939766013828526e+213)
        		tmp = x / (y / (y - z));
        	else
        		tmp = (y - z) * (x / y);
        	end
        	tmp_2 = tmp;
        end
        
        code[x_, y_, z_] := If[Less[z, -2.060202331921739e+104], N[(x - N[(N[(z * x), $MachinePrecision] / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[Less[z, 1.6939766013828526e+213], N[(x / N[(y / N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        \mathbf{if}\;z < -2.060202331921739 \cdot 10^{+104}:\\
        \;\;\;\;x - \frac{z \cdot x}{y}\\
        
        \mathbf{elif}\;z < 1.6939766013828526 \cdot 10^{+213}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\frac{x}{\frac{y}{y - z}}\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\left(y - z\right) \cdot \frac{x}{y}\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        

        Reproduce

        ?
        herbie shell --seed 2024273 
        (FPCore (x y z)
          :name "Diagrams.Backend.Cairo.Internal:setTexture from diagrams-cairo-1.3.0.3"
          :precision binary64
        
          :alt
          (! :herbie-platform default (if (< z -206020233192173900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (- x (/ (* z x) y)) (if (< z 1693976601382852600000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (/ x (/ y (- y z))) (* (- y z) (/ x y)))))
        
          (/ (* x (- y z)) y))