Diagrams.TwoD.Segment.Bernstein:evaluateBernstein from diagrams-lib-1.3.0.3

Percentage Accurate: 88.1% → 99.9%
Time: 7.7s
Alternatives: 10
Speedup: 0.8×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (/ (* x (+ (- y z) 1.0)) z))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x * ((y - z) + 1.0)) / z;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = (x * ((y - z) + 1.0d0)) / z
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x * ((y - z) + 1.0)) / z;
}
def code(x, y, z):
	return (x * ((y - z) + 1.0)) / z
function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(Float64(x * Float64(Float64(y - z) + 1.0)) / z)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = (x * ((y - z) + 1.0)) / z;
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(N[(x * N[(N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / z), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 10 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 88.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (/ (* x (+ (- y z) 1.0)) z))
double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x * ((y - z) + 1.0)) / z;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = (x * ((y - z) + 1.0d0)) / z
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return (x * ((y - z) + 1.0)) / z;
}
def code(x, y, z):
	return (x * ((y - z) + 1.0)) / z
function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(Float64(x * Float64(Float64(y - z) + 1.0)) / z)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = (x * ((y - z) + 1.0)) / z;
end
code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(N[(x * N[(N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / z), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.9% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x\_m \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{-14}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x\_m, \mathsf{fma}\left(-x\_m, z, x\_m\right)\right)}{z}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{\frac{z}{\left(y - z\right) - -1}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  x_s
  (if (<= x_m 2.4e-14)
    (/ (fma y x_m (fma (- x_m) z x_m)) z)
    (/ x_m (/ z (- (- y z) -1.0))))))
x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (x_m <= 2.4e-14) {
		tmp = fma(y, x_m, fma(-x_m, z, x_m)) / z;
	} else {
		tmp = x_m / (z / ((y - z) - -1.0));
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x_m <= 2.4e-14)
		tmp = Float64(fma(y, x_m, fma(Float64(-x_m), z, x_m)) / z);
	else
		tmp = Float64(x_m / Float64(z / Float64(Float64(y - z) - -1.0)));
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end
x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[x$95$m, 2.4e-14], N[(N[(y * x$95$m + N[((-x$95$m) * z + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / z), $MachinePrecision], N[(x$95$m / N[(z / N[(N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision] - -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
x\_m = \left|x\right|
\\
x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)

\\
x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x\_m \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{-14}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x\_m, \mathsf{fma}\left(-x\_m, z, x\_m\right)\right)}{z}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{\frac{z}{\left(y - z\right) - -1}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < 2.4e-14

    1. Initial program 91.1%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      2. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      3. distribute-lft-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(y - z\right) + x \cdot 1}}{z} \]
      4. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y - z\right)} + x \cdot 1}{z} \]
      5. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)\right)\right)} + x \cdot 1}{z} \]
      6. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot x + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)\right) \cdot x\right)} + x \cdot 1}{z} \]
      7. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(y \cdot x + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)\right) \cdot x\right) + \color{blue}{x}}{z} \]
      8. associate-+l+N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{y \cdot x + \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)\right) \cdot x + x\right)}}{z} \]
      9. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{y \cdot x + \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)\right)} + x\right)}{z} \]
      10. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, x \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)\right) + x\right)}}{z} \]
      11. neg-mul-1N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot z\right)} + x\right)}{z} \]
      12. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot -1\right) \cdot z} + x\right)}{z} \]
      13. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)}\right) \cdot z + x\right)}{z} \]
      14. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot 1\right)\right)} \cdot z + x\right)}{z} \]
      15. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{x}\right)\right) \cdot z + x\right)}{z} \]
      16. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right), z, x\right)}\right)}{z} \]
      17. lower-neg.f6491.1

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-x}, z, x\right)\right)}{z} \]
    4. Applied rewrites91.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \mathsf{fma}\left(-x, z, x\right)\right)}}{z} \]

    if 2.4e-14 < x

    1. Initial program 72.2%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      3. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{\left(y - z\right) + 1}{z}} \]
      4. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{z}{\left(y - z\right) + 1}}} \]
      5. un-div-invN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{\frac{z}{\left(y - z\right) + 1}}} \]
      6. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{\frac{z}{\left(y - z\right) + 1}}} \]
      7. lower-/.f6499.9

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{\color{blue}{\frac{z}{\left(y - z\right) + 1}}} \]
      8. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{\frac{z}{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) + 1}}} \]
      9. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{\frac{z}{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right)} + 1}} \]
      10. associate-+l-N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{\frac{z}{\color{blue}{y - \left(z - 1\right)}}} \]
      11. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{\frac{z}{y - \color{blue}{\left(z + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)\right)}}} \]
      12. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{\frac{z}{y - \left(z + \color{blue}{-1}\right)}} \]
      13. associate--r+N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{\frac{z}{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) - -1}}} \]
      14. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{\frac{z}{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right)} - -1}} \]
      15. lower--.f6499.9

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{\frac{z}{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) - -1}}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{\frac{z}{\left(y - z\right) - -1}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 93.5% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{+134}:\\ \;\;\;\;-x\_m\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{+173}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y - z, x\_m, x\_m\right)}{z}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-x\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  x_s
  (if (<= z -5.5e+134)
    (- x_m)
    (if (<= z 3.2e+173) (/ (fma (- y z) x_m x_m) z) (- x_m)))))
x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (z <= -5.5e+134) {
		tmp = -x_m;
	} else if (z <= 3.2e+173) {
		tmp = fma((y - z), x_m, x_m) / z;
	} else {
		tmp = -x_m;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (z <= -5.5e+134)
		tmp = Float64(-x_m);
	elseif (z <= 3.2e+173)
		tmp = Float64(fma(Float64(y - z), x_m, x_m) / z);
	else
		tmp = Float64(-x_m);
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end
x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[z, -5.5e+134], (-x$95$m), If[LessEqual[z, 3.2e+173], N[(N[(N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision] / z), $MachinePrecision], (-x$95$m)]]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
x\_m = \left|x\right|
\\
x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)

\\
x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;z \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{+134}:\\
\;\;\;\;-x\_m\\

\mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{+173}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y - z, x\_m, x\_m\right)}{z}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-x\_m\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if z < -5.4999999999999999e134 or 3.2000000000000003e173 < z

    1. Initial program 58.8%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in z around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot x} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)} \]
      2. lower-neg.f6493.1

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-x} \]
    5. Applied rewrites93.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-x} \]

    if -5.4999999999999999e134 < z < 3.2000000000000003e173

    1. Initial program 95.0%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      2. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) \cdot x + 1 \cdot x}}{z} \]
      4. *-lft-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(y - z\right) \cdot x + \color{blue}{x}}{z} \]
      5. lower-fma.f6495.0

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y - z, x, x\right)}}{z} \]
    4. Applied rewrites95.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y - z, x, x\right)}}{z} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.6% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x\_m \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{-45}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x\_m, \mathsf{fma}\left(-x\_m, z, x\_m\right)\right)}{z}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z} \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) - -1\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  x_s
  (if (<= x_m 1.3e-45)
    (/ (fma y x_m (fma (- x_m) z x_m)) z)
    (* (/ x_m z) (- (- y z) -1.0)))))
x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (x_m <= 1.3e-45) {
		tmp = fma(y, x_m, fma(-x_m, z, x_m)) / z;
	} else {
		tmp = (x_m / z) * ((y - z) - -1.0);
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x_m <= 1.3e-45)
		tmp = Float64(fma(y, x_m, fma(Float64(-x_m), z, x_m)) / z);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x_m / z) * Float64(Float64(y - z) - -1.0));
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end
x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[x$95$m, 1.3e-45], N[(N[(y * x$95$m + N[((-x$95$m) * z + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / z), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(x$95$m / z), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision] - -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
x\_m = \left|x\right|
\\
x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)

\\
x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x\_m \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{-45}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x\_m, \mathsf{fma}\left(-x\_m, z, x\_m\right)\right)}{z}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z} \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) - -1\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < 1.29999999999999993e-45

    1. Initial program 91.0%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      2. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      3. distribute-lft-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(y - z\right) + x \cdot 1}}{z} \]
      4. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y - z\right)} + x \cdot 1}{z} \]
      5. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)\right)\right)} + x \cdot 1}{z} \]
      6. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot x + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)\right) \cdot x\right)} + x \cdot 1}{z} \]
      7. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(y \cdot x + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)\right) \cdot x\right) + \color{blue}{x}}{z} \]
      8. associate-+l+N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{y \cdot x + \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)\right) \cdot x + x\right)}}{z} \]
      9. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{y \cdot x + \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)\right)} + x\right)}{z} \]
      10. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, x \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)\right) + x\right)}}{z} \]
      11. neg-mul-1N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot z\right)} + x\right)}{z} \]
      12. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot -1\right) \cdot z} + x\right)}{z} \]
      13. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)}\right) \cdot z + x\right)}{z} \]
      14. distribute-rgt-neg-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot 1\right)\right)} \cdot z + x\right)}{z} \]
      15. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{x}\right)\right) \cdot z + x\right)}{z} \]
      16. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right), z, x\right)}\right)}{z} \]
      17. lower-neg.f6491.0

        \[\leadsto \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-x}, z, x\right)\right)}{z} \]
    4. Applied rewrites91.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y, x, \mathsf{fma}\left(-x, z, x\right)\right)}}{z} \]

    if 1.29999999999999993e-45 < x

    1. Initial program 73.3%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right) \cdot x}}{z} \]
      4. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right) \cdot \frac{x}{z}} \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)} \]
      6. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)} \]
      7. lower-/.f6499.9

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z}} \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right) \]
      8. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)} \]
      9. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right)} + 1\right) \]
      10. associate-+l-N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y - \left(z - 1\right)\right)} \]
      11. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(y - \color{blue}{\left(z + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
      12. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(y - \left(z + \color{blue}{-1}\right)\right) \]
      13. associate--r+N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) - -1\right)} \]
      14. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right)} - -1\right) \]
      15. lower--.f6499.9

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) - -1\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) - -1\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 84.1% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -8 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{y \cdot x\_m}{z}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+99}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z} - x\_m\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{y}{z} \cdot x\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  x_s
  (if (<= y -8e+26)
    (/ (* y x_m) z)
    (if (<= y 2.5e+99) (- (/ x_m z) x_m) (* (/ y z) x_m)))))
x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -8e+26) {
		tmp = (y * x_m) / z;
	} else if (y <= 2.5e+99) {
		tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m;
	} else {
		tmp = (y / z) * x_m;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (y <= (-8d+26)) then
        tmp = (y * x_m) / z
    else if (y <= 2.5d+99) then
        tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m
    else
        tmp = (y / z) * x_m
    end if
    code = x_s * tmp
end function
x\_m = Math.abs(x);
x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -8e+26) {
		tmp = (y * x_m) / z;
	} else if (y <= 2.5e+99) {
		tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m;
	} else {
		tmp = (y / z) * x_m;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = math.fabs(x)
x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
	tmp = 0
	if y <= -8e+26:
		tmp = (y * x_m) / z
	elif y <= 2.5e+99:
		tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m
	else:
		tmp = (y / z) * x_m
	return x_s * tmp
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -8e+26)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(y * x_m) / z);
	elseif (y <= 2.5e+99)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x_m / z) - x_m);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(y / z) * x_m);
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end
x\_m = abs(x);
x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (y <= -8e+26)
		tmp = (y * x_m) / z;
	elseif (y <= 2.5e+99)
		tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m;
	else
		tmp = (y / z) * x_m;
	end
	tmp_2 = x_s * tmp;
end
x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[y, -8e+26], N[(N[(y * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision] / z), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 2.5e+99], N[(N[(x$95$m / z), $MachinePrecision] - x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(y / z), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
x\_m = \left|x\right|
\\
x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)

\\
x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -8 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{y \cdot x\_m}{z}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+99}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z} - x\_m\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{y}{z} \cdot x\_m\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if y < -8.00000000000000038e26

    1. Initial program 96.5%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot y}}{z} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{y \cdot x}}{z} \]
      2. lower-*.f6485.2

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{y \cdot x}}{z} \]
    5. Applied rewrites85.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{y \cdot x}}{z} \]

    if -8.00000000000000038e26 < y < 2.50000000000000004e99

    1. Initial program 81.6%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in y around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(1 - z\right)}{z}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{1 - z}{z}} \]
      2. div-subN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{z} - \frac{z}{z}\right)} \]
      3. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{z} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{z}{z}\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. *-inversesN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{z} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{1}\right)\right)\right) \]
      5. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{z} + \color{blue}{-1}\right) \]
      6. distribute-lft-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{1}{z} + x \cdot -1} \]
      7. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot 1}{z}} + x \cdot -1 \]
      8. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x}}{z} + x \cdot -1 \]
      9. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot x} \]
      10. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right)} \]
      11. unsub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]
      12. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]
      13. lower-/.f6493.6

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z}} - x \]
    5. Applied rewrites93.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]

    if 2.50000000000000004e99 < y

    1. Initial program 85.3%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      3. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{\left(y - z\right) + 1}{z}} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(y - z\right) + 1}{z} \cdot x} \]
      5. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(y - z\right) + 1}{z} \cdot x} \]
      6. lower-/.f6495.8

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(y - z\right) + 1}{z}} \cdot x \]
      7. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) + 1}}{z} \cdot x \]
      8. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right)} + 1}{z} \cdot x \]
      9. associate-+l-N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{y - \left(z - 1\right)}}{z} \cdot x \]
      10. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{y - \color{blue}{\left(z + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)\right)}}{z} \cdot x \]
      11. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{y - \left(z + \color{blue}{-1}\right)}{z} \cdot x \]
      12. associate--r+N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) - -1}}{z} \cdot x \]
      13. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right)} - -1}{z} \cdot x \]
      14. lower--.f6495.8

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) - -1}}{z} \cdot x \]
    4. Applied rewrites95.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(y - z\right) - -1}{z} \cdot x} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{z}} \cdot x \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-/.f6485.4

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{z}} \cdot x \]
    7. Applied rewrites85.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{z}} \cdot x \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 84.4% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -8 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z} \cdot y\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+99}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z} - x\_m\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{y}{z} \cdot x\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  x_s
  (if (<= y -8e+26)
    (* (/ x_m z) y)
    (if (<= y 2.5e+99) (- (/ x_m z) x_m) (* (/ y z) x_m)))))
x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -8e+26) {
		tmp = (x_m / z) * y;
	} else if (y <= 2.5e+99) {
		tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m;
	} else {
		tmp = (y / z) * x_m;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (y <= (-8d+26)) then
        tmp = (x_m / z) * y
    else if (y <= 2.5d+99) then
        tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m
    else
        tmp = (y / z) * x_m
    end if
    code = x_s * tmp
end function
x\_m = Math.abs(x);
x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -8e+26) {
		tmp = (x_m / z) * y;
	} else if (y <= 2.5e+99) {
		tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m;
	} else {
		tmp = (y / z) * x_m;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = math.fabs(x)
x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
	tmp = 0
	if y <= -8e+26:
		tmp = (x_m / z) * y
	elif y <= 2.5e+99:
		tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m
	else:
		tmp = (y / z) * x_m
	return x_s * tmp
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -8e+26)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x_m / z) * y);
	elseif (y <= 2.5e+99)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x_m / z) - x_m);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(y / z) * x_m);
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end
x\_m = abs(x);
x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (y <= -8e+26)
		tmp = (x_m / z) * y;
	elseif (y <= 2.5e+99)
		tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m;
	else
		tmp = (y / z) * x_m;
	end
	tmp_2 = x_s * tmp;
end
x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[y, -8e+26], N[(N[(x$95$m / z), $MachinePrecision] * y), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 2.5e+99], N[(N[(x$95$m / z), $MachinePrecision] - x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(y / z), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
x\_m = \left|x\right|
\\
x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)

\\
x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -8 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z} \cdot y\\

\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+99}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z} - x\_m\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{y}{z} \cdot x\_m\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if y < -8.00000000000000038e26

    1. Initial program 96.5%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot y}{z}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} \cdot y} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} \cdot y} \]
      3. lower-/.f6481.8

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z}} \cdot y \]
    5. Applied rewrites81.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} \cdot y} \]

    if -8.00000000000000038e26 < y < 2.50000000000000004e99

    1. Initial program 81.6%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in y around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(1 - z\right)}{z}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{1 - z}{z}} \]
      2. div-subN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{z} - \frac{z}{z}\right)} \]
      3. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{z} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{z}{z}\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. *-inversesN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{z} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{1}\right)\right)\right) \]
      5. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{z} + \color{blue}{-1}\right) \]
      6. distribute-lft-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{1}{z} + x \cdot -1} \]
      7. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot 1}{z}} + x \cdot -1 \]
      8. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x}}{z} + x \cdot -1 \]
      9. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot x} \]
      10. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right)} \]
      11. unsub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]
      12. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]
      13. lower-/.f6493.6

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z}} - x \]
    5. Applied rewrites93.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]

    if 2.50000000000000004e99 < y

    1. Initial program 85.3%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      3. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{\left(y - z\right) + 1}{z}} \]
      4. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(y - z\right) + 1}{z} \cdot x} \]
      5. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(y - z\right) + 1}{z} \cdot x} \]
      6. lower-/.f6495.8

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(y - z\right) + 1}{z}} \cdot x \]
      7. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) + 1}}{z} \cdot x \]
      8. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right)} + 1}{z} \cdot x \]
      9. associate-+l-N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{y - \left(z - 1\right)}}{z} \cdot x \]
      10. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{y - \color{blue}{\left(z + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)\right)}}{z} \cdot x \]
      11. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{y - \left(z + \color{blue}{-1}\right)}{z} \cdot x \]
      12. associate--r+N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) - -1}}{z} \cdot x \]
      13. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right)} - -1}{z} \cdot x \]
      14. lower--.f6495.8

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) - -1}}{z} \cdot x \]
    4. Applied rewrites95.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(y - z\right) - -1}{z} \cdot x} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{z}} \cdot x \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower-/.f6485.4

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{z}} \cdot x \]
    7. Applied rewrites85.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{z}} \cdot x \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 85.1% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{x\_m}{z} \cdot y\\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -8 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.85 \cdot 10^{+99}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z} - x\_m\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \end{array} \]
x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ x_m z) y)))
   (* x_s (if (<= y -8e+26) t_0 (if (<= y 1.85e+99) (- (/ x_m z) x_m) t_0)))))
x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = (x_m / z) * y;
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -8e+26) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (y <= 1.85e+99) {
		tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m;
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = (x_m / z) * y
    if (y <= (-8d+26)) then
        tmp = t_0
    else if (y <= 1.85d+99) then
        tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m
    else
        tmp = t_0
    end if
    code = x_s * tmp
end function
x\_m = Math.abs(x);
x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = (x_m / z) * y;
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -8e+26) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (y <= 1.85e+99) {
		tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m;
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = math.fabs(x)
x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
	t_0 = (x_m / z) * y
	tmp = 0
	if y <= -8e+26:
		tmp = t_0
	elif y <= 1.85e+99:
		tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m
	else:
		tmp = t_0
	return x_s * tmp
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(x_m / z) * y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -8e+26)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (y <= 1.85e+99)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x_m / z) - x_m);
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end
x\_m = abs(x);
x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	t_0 = (x_m / z) * y;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (y <= -8e+26)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (y <= 1.85e+99)
		tmp = (x_m / z) - x_m;
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	tmp_2 = x_s * tmp;
end
x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(x$95$m / z), $MachinePrecision] * y), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[y, -8e+26], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[y, 1.85e+99], N[(N[(x$95$m / z), $MachinePrecision] - x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
x\_m = \left|x\right|
\\
x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{x\_m}{z} \cdot y\\
x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -8 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0\\

\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.85 \cdot 10^{+99}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z} - x\_m\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if y < -8.00000000000000038e26 or 1.85000000000000005e99 < y

    1. Initial program 91.6%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot y}{z}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} \cdot y} \]
      2. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} \cdot y} \]
      3. lower-/.f6482.1

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z}} \cdot y \]
    5. Applied rewrites82.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} \cdot y} \]

    if -8.00000000000000038e26 < y < 1.85000000000000005e99

    1. Initial program 81.6%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in y around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(1 - z\right)}{z}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{1 - z}{z}} \]
      2. div-subN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{z} - \frac{z}{z}\right)} \]
      3. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{z} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{z}{z}\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. *-inversesN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{z} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{1}\right)\right)\right) \]
      5. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{z} + \color{blue}{-1}\right) \]
      6. distribute-lft-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{1}{z} + x \cdot -1} \]
      7. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot 1}{z}} + x \cdot -1 \]
      8. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x}}{z} + x \cdot -1 \]
      9. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot x} \]
      10. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right)} \]
      11. unsub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]
      12. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]
      13. lower-/.f6493.6

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z}} - x \]
    5. Applied rewrites93.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 99.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x\_m \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{-45}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y - z, x\_m, x\_m\right)}{z}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z} \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) - -1\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  x_s
  (if (<= x_m 1.3e-45)
    (/ (fma (- y z) x_m x_m) z)
    (* (/ x_m z) (- (- y z) -1.0)))))
x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (x_m <= 1.3e-45) {
		tmp = fma((y - z), x_m, x_m) / z;
	} else {
		tmp = (x_m / z) * ((y - z) - -1.0);
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x_m <= 1.3e-45)
		tmp = Float64(fma(Float64(y - z), x_m, x_m) / z);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(x_m / z) * Float64(Float64(y - z) - -1.0));
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end
x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[x$95$m, 1.3e-45], N[(N[(N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision] / z), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(x$95$m / z), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision] - -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
x\_m = \left|x\right|
\\
x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)

\\
x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x\_m \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{-45}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(y - z, x\_m, x\_m\right)}{z}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z} \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) - -1\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < 1.29999999999999993e-45

    1. Initial program 91.0%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      2. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) \cdot x + 1 \cdot x}}{z} \]
      4. *-lft-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(y - z\right) \cdot x + \color{blue}{x}}{z} \]
      5. lower-fma.f6491.0

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y - z, x, x\right)}}{z} \]
    4. Applied rewrites91.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y - z, x, x\right)}}{z} \]

    if 1.29999999999999993e-45 < x

    1. Initial program 73.3%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z}} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right) \cdot x}}{z} \]
      4. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right) \cdot \frac{x}{z}} \]
      5. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)} \]
      6. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)} \]
      7. lower-/.f6499.9

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z}} \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right) \]
      8. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)} \]
      9. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right)} + 1\right) \]
      10. associate-+l-N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y - \left(z - 1\right)\right)} \]
      11. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(y - \color{blue}{\left(z + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
      12. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(y - \left(z + \color{blue}{-1}\right)\right) \]
      13. associate--r+N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) - -1\right)} \]
      14. lift--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right)} - -1\right) \]
      15. lower--.f6499.9

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) - -1\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) - -1\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 64.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -1:\\ \;\;\;\;-x\_m\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 1:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-x\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (* x_s (if (<= z -1.0) (- x_m) (if (<= z 1.0) (/ x_m z) (- x_m)))))
x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (z <= -1.0) {
		tmp = -x_m;
	} else if (z <= 1.0) {
		tmp = x_m / z;
	} else {
		tmp = -x_m;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (z <= (-1.0d0)) then
        tmp = -x_m
    else if (z <= 1.0d0) then
        tmp = x_m / z
    else
        tmp = -x_m
    end if
    code = x_s * tmp
end function
x\_m = Math.abs(x);
x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (z <= -1.0) {
		tmp = -x_m;
	} else if (z <= 1.0) {
		tmp = x_m / z;
	} else {
		tmp = -x_m;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}
x\_m = math.fabs(x)
x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
	tmp = 0
	if z <= -1.0:
		tmp = -x_m
	elif z <= 1.0:
		tmp = x_m / z
	else:
		tmp = -x_m
	return x_s * tmp
x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (z <= -1.0)
		tmp = Float64(-x_m);
	elseif (z <= 1.0)
		tmp = Float64(x_m / z);
	else
		tmp = Float64(-x_m);
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end
x\_m = abs(x);
x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (z <= -1.0)
		tmp = -x_m;
	elseif (z <= 1.0)
		tmp = x_m / z;
	else
		tmp = -x_m;
	end
	tmp_2 = x_s * tmp;
end
x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[z, -1.0], (-x$95$m), If[LessEqual[z, 1.0], N[(x$95$m / z), $MachinePrecision], (-x$95$m)]]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
x\_m = \left|x\right|
\\
x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)

\\
x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;z \leq -1:\\
\;\;\;\;-x\_m\\

\mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 1:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x\_m}{z}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-x\_m\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if z < -1 or 1 < z

    1. Initial program 70.9%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in z around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot x} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)} \]
      2. lower-neg.f6472.7

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-x} \]
    5. Applied rewrites72.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-x} \]

    if -1 < z < 1

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      2. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}}{z} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(y - z\right) \cdot x + 1 \cdot x}}{z} \]
      4. *-lft-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(y - z\right) \cdot x + \color{blue}{x}}{z} \]
      5. lower-fma.f6499.9

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y - z, x, x\right)}}{z} \]
    4. Applied rewrites99.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(y - z, x, x\right)}}{z} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in y around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x + -1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right)}{z}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot z\right)\right)}}{z} \]
      2. unsub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x - x \cdot z}}{z} \]
      3. div-subN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - \frac{x \cdot z}{z}} \]
      4. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} - \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{z}{z}} \]
      5. *-inversesN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} - x \cdot \color{blue}{1} \]
      6. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} - \color{blue}{x} \]
      7. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]
      8. lower-/.f6453.8

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z}} - x \]
    7. Applied rewrites53.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in z around 0

      \[\leadsto \frac{x}{\color{blue}{z}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites53.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{\color{blue}{z}} \]
    10. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
    11. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 9: 65.7% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \left(\frac{x\_m}{z} - x\_m\right) \end{array} \]
    x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
    x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
    (FPCore (x_s x_m y z) :precision binary64 (* x_s (- (/ x_m z) x_m)))
    x\_m = fabs(x);
    x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
    double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
    	return x_s * ((x_m / z) - x_m);
    }
    
    x\_m = abs(x)
    x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
    real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
        real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        real(8), intent (in) :: z
        code = x_s * ((x_m / z) - x_m)
    end function
    
    x\_m = Math.abs(x);
    x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
    public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
    	return x_s * ((x_m / z) - x_m);
    }
    
    x\_m = math.fabs(x)
    x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
    def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
    	return x_s * ((x_m / z) - x_m)
    
    x\_m = abs(x)
    x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
    function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    	return Float64(x_s * Float64(Float64(x_m / z) - x_m))
    end
    
    x\_m = abs(x);
    x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
    function tmp = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    	tmp = x_s * ((x_m / z) - x_m);
    end
    
    x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
    x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
    code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * N[(N[(x$95$m / z), $MachinePrecision] - x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    x\_m = \left|x\right|
    \\
    x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)
    
    \\
    x\_s \cdot \left(\frac{x\_m}{z} - x\_m\right)
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 85.6%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in y around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(1 - z\right)}{z}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{1 - z}{z}} \]
      2. div-subN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{z} - \frac{z}{z}\right)} \]
      3. sub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{z} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{z}{z}\right)\right)\right)} \]
      4. *-inversesN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{z} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{1}\right)\right)\right) \]
      5. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{z} + \color{blue}{-1}\right) \]
      6. distribute-lft-inN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \frac{1}{z} + x \cdot -1} \]
      7. associate-/l*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot 1}{z}} + x \cdot -1 \]
      8. *-rgt-identityN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x}}{z} + x \cdot -1 \]
      9. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot x} \]
      10. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{x}{z} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)\right)} \]
      11. unsub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]
      12. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]
      13. lower-/.f6463.4

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z}} - x \]
    5. Applied rewrites63.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{z} - x} \]
    6. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 10: 38.9% accurate, 7.7× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \left(-x\_m\right) \end{array} \]
    x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
    x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
    (FPCore (x_s x_m y z) :precision binary64 (* x_s (- x_m)))
    x\_m = fabs(x);
    x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
    double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
    	return x_s * -x_m;
    }
    
    x\_m = abs(x)
    x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
    real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
        real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        real(8), intent (in) :: z
        code = x_s * -x_m
    end function
    
    x\_m = Math.abs(x);
    x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
    public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
    	return x_s * -x_m;
    }
    
    x\_m = math.fabs(x)
    x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
    def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
    	return x_s * -x_m
    
    x\_m = abs(x)
    x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
    function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    	return Float64(x_s * Float64(-x_m))
    end
    
    x\_m = abs(x);
    x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
    function tmp = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    	tmp = x_s * -x_m;
    end
    
    x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
    x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
    code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * (-x$95$m)), $MachinePrecision]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    x\_m = \left|x\right|
    \\
    x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right)
    
    \\
    x\_s \cdot \left(-x\_m\right)
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Initial program 85.6%

      \[\frac{x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)}{z} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in z around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot x} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(x\right)} \]
      2. lower-neg.f6437.3

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-x} \]
    5. Applied rewrites37.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-x} \]
    6. Add Preprocessing

    Developer Target 1: 99.3% accurate, 0.6× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(1 + y\right) \cdot \frac{x}{z} - x\\ \mathbf{if}\;x < -2.71483106713436 \cdot 10^{-162}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x < 3.874108816439546 \cdot 10^{-197}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{z}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (x y z)
     :precision binary64
     (let* ((t_0 (- (* (+ 1.0 y) (/ x z)) x)))
       (if (< x -2.71483106713436e-162)
         t_0
         (if (< x 3.874108816439546e-197)
           (* (* x (+ (- y z) 1.0)) (/ 1.0 z))
           t_0))))
    double code(double x, double y, double z) {
    	double t_0 = ((1.0 + y) * (x / z)) - x;
    	double tmp;
    	if (x < -2.71483106713436e-162) {
    		tmp = t_0;
    	} else if (x < 3.874108816439546e-197) {
    		tmp = (x * ((y - z) + 1.0)) * (1.0 / z);
    	} else {
    		tmp = t_0;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    real(8) function code(x, y, z)
        real(8), intent (in) :: x
        real(8), intent (in) :: y
        real(8), intent (in) :: z
        real(8) :: t_0
        real(8) :: tmp
        t_0 = ((1.0d0 + y) * (x / z)) - x
        if (x < (-2.71483106713436d-162)) then
            tmp = t_0
        else if (x < 3.874108816439546d-197) then
            tmp = (x * ((y - z) + 1.0d0)) * (1.0d0 / z)
        else
            tmp = t_0
        end if
        code = tmp
    end function
    
    public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
    	double t_0 = ((1.0 + y) * (x / z)) - x;
    	double tmp;
    	if (x < -2.71483106713436e-162) {
    		tmp = t_0;
    	} else if (x < 3.874108816439546e-197) {
    		tmp = (x * ((y - z) + 1.0)) * (1.0 / z);
    	} else {
    		tmp = t_0;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    def code(x, y, z):
    	t_0 = ((1.0 + y) * (x / z)) - x
    	tmp = 0
    	if x < -2.71483106713436e-162:
    		tmp = t_0
    	elif x < 3.874108816439546e-197:
    		tmp = (x * ((y - z) + 1.0)) * (1.0 / z)
    	else:
    		tmp = t_0
    	return tmp
    
    function code(x, y, z)
    	t_0 = Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 + y) * Float64(x / z)) - x)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (x < -2.71483106713436e-162)
    		tmp = t_0;
    	elseif (x < 3.874108816439546e-197)
    		tmp = Float64(Float64(x * Float64(Float64(y - z) + 1.0)) * Float64(1.0 / z));
    	else
    		tmp = t_0;
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
    	t_0 = ((1.0 + y) * (x / z)) - x;
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if (x < -2.71483106713436e-162)
    		tmp = t_0;
    	elseif (x < 3.874108816439546e-197)
    		tmp = (x * ((y - z) + 1.0)) * (1.0 / z);
    	else
    		tmp = t_0;
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    code[x_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(N[(1.0 + y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x / z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - x), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Less[x, -2.71483106713436e-162], t$95$0, If[Less[x, 3.874108816439546e-197], N[(N[(x * N[(N[(y - z), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := \left(1 + y\right) \cdot \frac{x}{z} - x\\
    \mathbf{if}\;x < -2.71483106713436 \cdot 10^{-162}:\\
    \;\;\;\;t\_0\\
    
    \mathbf{elif}\;x < 3.874108816439546 \cdot 10^{-197}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\left(x \cdot \left(\left(y - z\right) + 1\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{z}\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;t\_0\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    

    Reproduce

    ?
    herbie shell --seed 2024273 
    (FPCore (x y z)
      :name "Diagrams.TwoD.Segment.Bernstein:evaluateBernstein from diagrams-lib-1.3.0.3"
      :precision binary64
    
      :alt
      (! :herbie-platform default (if (< x -67870776678359/25000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (- (* (+ 1 y) (/ x z)) x) (if (< x 1937054408219773/50000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (* (* x (+ (- y z) 1)) (/ 1 z)) (- (* (+ 1 y) (/ x z)) x))))
    
      (/ (* x (+ (- y z) 1.0)) z))