Data.Colour.RGBSpace.HSV:hsv from colour-2.3.3, J

Percentage Accurate: 96.0% → 99.8%

Time: 9.2s

Alternatives: 11

Speedup: 0.8×

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (* x (- 1.0 (* (- 1.0 y) z))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return x * (1.0 - ((1.0 - y) * z));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = x * (1.0d0 - ((1.0d0 - y) * z))
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return x * (1.0 - ((1.0 - y) * z));
}

Python

def code(x, y, z):
	return x * (1.0 - ((1.0 - y) * z))

Julia

function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(x * Float64(1.0 - Float64(Float64(1.0 - y) * z)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = x * (1.0 - ((1.0 - y) * z));
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(x * N[(1.0 - N[(N[(1.0 - y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 96.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z) :precision binary64 (* x (- 1.0 (* (- 1.0 y) z))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return x * (1.0 - ((1.0 - y) * z));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = x * (1.0d0 - ((1.0d0 - y) * z))
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	return x * (1.0 - ((1.0 - y) * z));
}

Python

def code(x, y, z):
	return x * (1.0 - ((1.0 - y) * z))

Julia

function code(x, y, z)
	return Float64(x * Float64(1.0 - Float64(Float64(1.0 - y) * z)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y, z)
	tmp = x * (1.0 - ((1.0 - y) * z));
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_] := N[(x * N[(1.0 - N[(N[(1.0 - y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.8% accurate, 0.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x\_m \leq 1.1 \cdot 10^{-46}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot x\_m, z, x\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z \cdot \left(y - 1\right), x\_m, x\_m\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  x_s
  (if (<= x_m 1.1e-46)
    (fma (* (- y 1.0) x_m) z x_m)
    (fma (* z (- y 1.0)) x_m x_m))))

C

x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (x_m <= 1.1e-46) {
		tmp = fma(((y - 1.0) * x_m), z, x_m);
	} else {
		tmp = fma((z * (y - 1.0)), x_m, x_m);
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}

Julia

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x_m <= 1.1e-46)
		tmp = fma(Float64(Float64(y - 1.0) * x_m), z, x_m);
	else
		tmp = fma(Float64(z * Float64(y - 1.0)), x_m, x_m);
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[x$95$m, 1.1e-46], N[(N[(N[(y - 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * z + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(z * N[(y - 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < 1.1e-46

   1. Initial program 94.2%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   4. Applied rewrites 94.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot \left(y - 1\right), z, x\right)} \]

   if 1.1e-46 < x

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   4. Applied rewrites 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot z, x, x\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 95.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 1.1 \cdot 10^{-46}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot x, z, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z \cdot \left(y - 1\right), x, x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 63.9% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\\ t_1 := \left(-x\_m\right) \cdot z\\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq -2 \cdot 10^{+21}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_0 \leq 10^{-11}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\_m\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (- 1.0 y) z)) (t_1 (* (- x_m) z)))
   (* x_s (if (<= t_0 -2e+21) t_1 (if (<= t_0 1e-11) (* 1.0 x_m) t_1)))))

C

x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = (1.0 - y) * z;
	double t_1 = -x_m * z;
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 <= -2e+21) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t_0 <= 1e-11) {
		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}

Fortran

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = (1.0d0 - y) * z
    t_1 = -x_m * z
    if (t_0 <= (-2d+21)) then
        tmp = t_1
    else if (t_0 <= 1d-11) then
        tmp = 1.0d0 * x_m
    else
        tmp = t_1
    end if
    code = x_s * tmp
end function

Java

x\_m = Math.abs(x);
x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = (1.0 - y) * z;
	double t_1 = -x_m * z;
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 <= -2e+21) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t_0 <= 1e-11) {
		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}

Python

x\_m = math.fabs(x)
x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
	t_0 = (1.0 - y) * z
	t_1 = -x_m * z
	tmp = 0
	if t_0 <= -2e+21:
		tmp = t_1
	elif t_0 <= 1e-11:
		tmp = 1.0 * x_m
	else:
		tmp = t_1
	return x_s * tmp

Julia

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(1.0 - y) * z)
	t_1 = Float64(Float64(-x_m) * z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_0 <= -2e+21)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t_0 <= 1e-11)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 * x_m);
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end

MATLAB

x\_m = abs(x);
x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	t_0 = (1.0 - y) * z;
	t_1 = -x_m * z;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t_0 <= -2e+21)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t_0 <= 1e-11)
		tmp = 1.0 * x_m;
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = x_s * tmp;
end

Wolfram

x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(1.0 - y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[((-x$95$m) * z), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[t$95$0, -2e+21], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[t$95$0, 1e-11], N[(1.0 * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (*.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) y) z) < -2e21 or 9.99999999999999939e-12 < (*.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) y) z)

   1. Initial program 92.3%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in z around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(z \cdot \left(y - 1\right)\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \left(y - 1\right)} \]

      2. sub-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)\right)} \]

      3. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \left(y + \color{blue}{-1}\right) \]

      4. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 + y\right)} \]

      5. distribute-lft-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot -1 + \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot y} \]

      6. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right)} + \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot y \]

      7. cancel-sign-sub N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right) - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot z\right)\right) \cdot y} \]

      8. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right)\right)} \cdot y \]

      9. *-rgt-identity N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right)\right) \cdot 1} - \left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right)\right) \cdot y \]

      10. distribute-lft-out-- N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - y\right)} \]

      11. associate-*r* N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right)} \]

      12. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(z \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right) \]

      13. associate-*r* N/A

          \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right)\right)} \]

      14. neg-mul-1 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(z \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right)\right)} \]

      15. distribute-rgt-neg-in N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right)\right)} \]

      16. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right)\right) \cdot z} \]

      17. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right)\right) \cdot z} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 95.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(y - 1\right)\right) \cdot z} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in y around 0

      \[\leadsto \left(-1 \cdot x\right) \cdot z \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

   8. Applied rewrites 39.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(-x\right) \cdot z \]

   if -2e21 < (*.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) y) z) < 9.99999999999999939e-12

   1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

      \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{1} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

   5. Applied rewrites 96.2%

      \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{1} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 63.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left(1 - y\right) \cdot z \leq -2 \cdot 10^{+21}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-x\right) \cdot z\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\left(1 - y\right) \cdot z \leq 10^{-11}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-x\right) \cdot z\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 94.9% accurate, 0.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{fma}\left(z \cdot y, x\_m, x\_m\right)\\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;1 - y \leq -500000000:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;1 - y \leq 2:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-z, x\_m, x\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (fma (* z y) x_m x_m)))
   (*
    x_s
    (if (<= (- 1.0 y) -500000000.0)
      t_0
      (if (<= (- 1.0 y) 2.0) (fma (- z) x_m x_m) t_0)))))

C

x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = fma((z * y), x_m, x_m);
	double tmp;
	if ((1.0 - y) <= -500000000.0) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if ((1.0 - y) <= 2.0) {
		tmp = fma(-z, x_m, x_m);
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}

Julia

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	t_0 = fma(Float64(z * y), x_m, x_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(1.0 - y) <= -500000000.0)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (Float64(1.0 - y) <= 2.0)
		tmp = fma(Float64(-z), x_m, x_m);
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[N[(1.0 - y), $MachinePrecision], -500000000.0], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[N[(1.0 - y), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], N[((-z) * x$95$m + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (-.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) y) < -5e8 or 2 < (-.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) y)

   1. Initial program 92.0%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   4. Applied rewrites 92.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot z, x, x\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 91.7

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 91.7%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]

   if -5e8 < (-.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) y) < 2

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   4. Applied rewrites 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot z, x, x\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in y around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-1 \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)}, x, x\right) \]

      2. lower-neg.f64 100.0

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-z}, x, x\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-z}, x, x\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 95.3%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;1 - y \leq -500000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z \cdot y, x, x\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;1 - y \leq 2:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-z, x, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z \cdot y, x, x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 99.7% accurate, 0.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot x\_m, z, x\_m\right)\\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -1.18 \cdot 10^{-85}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{-19}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z \cdot y, x\_m, x\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (fma (* (- y 1.0) x_m) z x_m)))
   (*
    x_s
    (if (<= z -1.18e-85) t_0 (if (<= z 2.5e-19) (fma (* z y) x_m x_m) t_0)))))

C

x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = fma(((y - 1.0) * x_m), z, x_m);
	double tmp;
	if (z <= -1.18e-85) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (z <= 2.5e-19) {
		tmp = fma((z * y), x_m, x_m);
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}

Julia

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	t_0 = fma(Float64(Float64(y - 1.0) * x_m), z, x_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (z <= -1.18e-85)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (z <= 2.5e-19)
		tmp = fma(Float64(z * y), x_m, x_m);
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(N[(y - 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * z + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[z, -1.18e-85], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[z, 2.5e-19], N[(N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if z < -1.18e-85 or 2.5000000000000002e-19 < z

   1. Initial program 91.8%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   4. Applied rewrites 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot \left(y - 1\right), z, x\right)} \]

   if -1.18e-85 < z < 2.5000000000000002e-19

   1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   4. Applied rewrites 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot z, x, x\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 99.9

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -1.18 \cdot 10^{-85}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot x, z, x\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{-19}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z \cdot y, x, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot x, z, x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 98.5% accurate, 0.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := z \cdot \left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot x\_m\right)\\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -67000000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 9 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z \cdot y, x\_m, x\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* z (* (- y 1.0) x_m))))
   (*
    x_s
    (if (<= z -67000000000000.0)
      t_0
      (if (<= z 9e-9) (fma (* z y) x_m x_m) t_0)))))

C

x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = z * ((y - 1.0) * x_m);
	double tmp;
	if (z <= -67000000000000.0) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (z <= 9e-9) {
		tmp = fma((z * y), x_m, x_m);
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}

Julia

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	t_0 = Float64(z * Float64(Float64(y - 1.0) * x_m))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (z <= -67000000000000.0)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (z <= 9e-9)
		tmp = fma(Float64(z * y), x_m, x_m);
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(z * N[(N[(y - 1.0), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[z, -67000000000000.0], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[z, 9e-9], N[(N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if z < -6.7e13 or 8.99999999999999953e-9 < z

   1. Initial program 89.6%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in z around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(z \cdot \left(y - 1\right)\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \left(y - 1\right)} \]

      2. sub-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(1\right)\right)\right)} \]

      3. metadata-eval N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \left(y + \color{blue}{-1}\right) \]

      4. +-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 + y\right)} \]

      5. distribute-lft-in N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot -1 + \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot y} \]

      6. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right)} + \left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot y \]

      7. cancel-sign-sub N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right) - \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot z\right)\right) \cdot y} \]

      8. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right)\right)} \cdot y \]

      9. *-rgt-identity N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right)\right) \cdot 1} - \left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right)\right) \cdot y \]

      10. distribute-lft-out-- N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot z\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - y\right)} \]

      11. associate-*r* N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right)} \]

      12. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(z \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right) \]

      13. associate-*r* N/A

          \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right)\right)} \]

      14. neg-mul-1 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(z \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right)\right)} \]

      15. distribute-rgt-neg-in N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{z \cdot \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right)\right)} \]

      16. *-commutative N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right)\right) \cdot z} \]

      17. lower-*.f64 N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(x \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\right)\right) \cdot z} \]

   5. Applied rewrites 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(y - 1\right)\right) \cdot z} \]

   if -6.7e13 < z < 8.99999999999999953e-9

   1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   4. Applied rewrites 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot z, x, x\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. lower-*.f64 99.4

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 99.5%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;z \leq -67000000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;z \cdot \left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot x\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;z \leq 9 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(z \cdot y, x, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;z \cdot \left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 93.6% accurate, 0.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \mathsf{fma}\left(y \cdot x\_m, z, x\_m\right)\\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -4 \cdot 10^{+30}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.65 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-z, x\_m, x\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (fma (* y x_m) z x_m)))
   (*
    x_s
    (if (<= y -4e+30) t_0 (if (<= y 1.65e-17) (fma (- z) x_m x_m) t_0)))))

C

x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = fma((y * x_m), z, x_m);
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -4e+30) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (y <= 1.65e-17) {
		tmp = fma(-z, x_m, x_m);
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}

Julia

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	t_0 = fma(Float64(y * x_m), z, x_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -4e+30)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (y <= 1.65e-17)
		tmp = fma(Float64(-z), x_m, x_m);
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(y * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * z + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[y, -4e+30], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[y, 1.65e-17], N[((-z) * x$95$m + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if y < -4.0000000000000001e30 or 1.65e-17 < y

   1. Initial program 92.0%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   4. Applied rewrites 89.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot \left(y - 1\right), z, x\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot y}, z, x\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot x}, z, x\right) \]

      2. lower-*.f64 89.3

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot x}, z, x\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 89.3%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{y \cdot x}, z, x\right) \]

   if -4.0000000000000001e30 < y < 1.65e-17

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   4. Applied rewrites 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot z, x, x\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in y around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-1 \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)}, x, x\right) \]

      2. lower-neg.f64 100.0

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-z}, x, x\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-z}, x, x\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 82.3% accurate, 0.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{+55}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(z \cdot x\_m\right) \cdot y\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 8.8 \cdot 10^{+137}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-z, x\_m, x\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(y \cdot x\_m\right) \cdot z\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  x_s
  (if (<= y -1.8e+55)
    (* (* z x_m) y)
    (if (<= y 8.8e+137) (fma (- z) x_m x_m) (* (* y x_m) z)))))

C

x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -1.8e+55) {
		tmp = (z * x_m) * y;
	} else if (y <= 8.8e+137) {
		tmp = fma(-z, x_m, x_m);
	} else {
		tmp = (y * x_m) * z;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}

Julia

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -1.8e+55)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(z * x_m) * y);
	elseif (y <= 8.8e+137)
		tmp = fma(Float64(-z), x_m, x_m);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(y * x_m) * z);
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[y, -1.8e+55], N[(N[(z * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * y), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 8.8e+137], N[((-z) * x$95$m + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(y * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if y < -1.79999999999999994e55

   1. Initial program 90.8%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(y \cdot z\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot y\right)} \]

      2. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot y} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot y} \]

      4. lower-*.f64 74.8

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z\right)} \cdot y \]

   5. Applied rewrites 74.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot y} \]

   if -1.79999999999999994e55 < y < 8.80000000000000062e137

   1. Initial program 98.8%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   4. Applied rewrites 98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot z, x, x\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in y around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-1 \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)}, x, x\right) \]

      2. lower-neg.f64 89.3

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-z}, x, x\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 89.3%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-z}, x, x\right) \]

   if 8.80000000000000062e137 < y

   1. Initial program 90.2%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   4. Applied rewrites 90.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot z, x, x\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(y \cdot z\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y\right) \cdot z} \]

      2. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot y\right) \cdot z} \]

      3. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot x\right)} \cdot z \]

      4. lower-*.f64 79.0

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot x\right)} \cdot z \]

   7. Applied rewrites 79.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot x\right) \cdot z} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 84.4%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{+55}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(z \cdot x\right) \cdot y\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 8.8 \cdot 10^{+137}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-z, x, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(y \cdot x\right) \cdot z\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 82.2% accurate, 0.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(z \cdot x\_m\right) \cdot y\\ x\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{+55}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 8.8 \cdot 10^{+137}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-z, x\_m, x\_m\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* z x_m) y)))
   (*
    x_s
    (if (<= y -1.8e+55) t_0 (if (<= y 8.8e+137) (fma (- z) x_m x_m) t_0)))))

C

x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = (z * x_m) * y;
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -1.8e+55) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (y <= 8.8e+137) {
		tmp = fma(-z, x_m, x_m);
	} else {
		tmp = t_0;
	}
	return x_s * tmp;
}

Julia

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(z * x_m) * y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -1.8e+55)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (y <= 8.8e+137)
		tmp = fma(Float64(-z), x_m, x_m);
	else
		tmp = t_0;
	end
	return Float64(x_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(z * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision] * y), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(x$95$s * If[LessEqual[y, -1.8e+55], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[y, 8.8e+137], N[((-z) * x$95$m + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision], t$95$0]]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if y < -1.79999999999999994e55 or 8.80000000000000062e137 < y

   1. Initial program 90.5%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in y around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(y \cdot z\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative N/A

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot y\right)} \]

      2. associate-*r* N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot y} \]

      3. lower-*.f64 N/A

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot y} \]

      4. lower-*.f64 74.8

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z\right)} \cdot y \]

   5. Applied rewrites 74.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot z\right) \cdot y} \]

   if -1.79999999999999994e55 < y < 8.80000000000000062e137

   1. Initial program 98.8%

      \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   4. Applied rewrites 98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot z, x, x\right)} \]

   5. Taylor expanded in y around 0

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-1 \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. mul-1-neg N/A

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)}, x, x\right) \]

      2. lower-neg.f64 89.3

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-z}, x, x\right) \]

   7. Applied rewrites 89.3%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-z}, x, x\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 83.6%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{+55}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(z \cdot x\right) \cdot y\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 8.8 \cdot 10^{+137}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(-z, x, x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(z \cdot x\right) \cdot y\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 65.9% accurate, 1.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-z, x\_m, x\_m\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z) :precision binary64 (* x_s (fma (- z) x_m x_m)))

C

x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	return x_s * fma(-z, x_m, x_m);
}

Julia

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	return Float64(x_s * fma(Float64(-z), x_m, x_m))
end

Wolfram

x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * N[((-z) * x$95$m + x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 95.5%

   \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
2. Add Preprocessing

4. Applied rewrites 95.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(y - 1\right) \cdot z, x, x\right)} \]

5. Taylor expanded in y around 0

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-1 \cdot z}, x, x\right) \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. mul-1-neg N/A

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(z\right)}, x, x\right) \]

   2. lower-neg.f64 63.4

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-z}, x, x\right) \]

7. Applied rewrites 63.4%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-z}, x, x\right) \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 65.9% accurate, 1.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \left(\left(1 - z\right) \cdot x\_m\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z) :precision binary64 (* x_s (* (- 1.0 z) x_m)))

C

x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	return x_s * ((1.0 - z) * x_m);
}

Fortran

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = x_s * ((1.0d0 - z) * x_m)
end function

Java

x\_m = Math.abs(x);
x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	return x_s * ((1.0 - z) * x_m);
}

Python

x\_m = math.fabs(x)
x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
	return x_s * ((1.0 - z) * x_m)

Julia

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	return Float64(x_s * Float64(Float64(1.0 - z) * x_m))
end

MATLAB

x\_m = abs(x);
x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
function tmp = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = x_s * ((1.0 - z) * x_m);
end

Wolfram

x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * N[(N[(1.0 - z), $MachinePrecision] * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 95.5%

   \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in y around 0

   \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - z\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. lower--.f64 63.4

      \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - z\right)} \]

5. Applied rewrites 63.4%

   \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 - z\right)} \]

6. Final simplification 63.4%

   \[\leadsto \left(1 - z\right) \cdot x \]
7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 39.3% accurate, 2.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} x\_m = \left|x\right| \\ x\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, x\right) \\ x\_s \cdot \left(1 \cdot x\_m\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

x\_m = (fabs.f64 x)
x\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) x)
(FPCore (x_s x_m y z) :precision binary64 (* x_s (* 1.0 x_m)))

C

x\_m = fabs(x);
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x);
double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	return x_s * (1.0 * x_m);
}

Fortran

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0d0, x)
real(8) function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    code = x_s * (1.0d0 * x_m)
end function

Java

x\_m = Math.abs(x);
x\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, x);
public static double code(double x_s, double x_m, double y, double z) {
	return x_s * (1.0 * x_m);
}

Python

x\_m = math.fabs(x)
x\_s = math.copysign(1.0, x)
def code(x_s, x_m, y, z):
	return x_s * (1.0 * x_m)

Julia

x\_m = abs(x)
x\_s = copysign(1.0, x)
function code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	return Float64(x_s * Float64(1.0 * x_m))
end

MATLAB

x\_m = abs(x);
x\_s = sign(x) * abs(1.0);
function tmp = code(x_s, x_m, y, z)
	tmp = x_s * (1.0 * x_m);
end

Wolfram

x\_m = N[Abs[x], $MachinePrecision]
x\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[x]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[x$95$s_, x$95$m_, y_, z_] := N[(x$95$s * N[(1.0 * x$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 95.5%

   \[x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right) \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in z around 0

   \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{1} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

5. Applied rewrites 41.9%

   \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{1} \]

6. Final simplification 41.9%

   \[\leadsto 1 \cdot x \]
7. Add Preprocessing

Developer Target 1: 99.6% accurate, 0.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := x \cdot \left(1 - \left(1 - y\right) \cdot z\right)\\ t_1 := x + \left(1 - y\right) \cdot \left(\left(-z\right) \cdot x\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_0 < -1.618195973607049 \cdot 10^{+50}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_0 < 3.892237649663903 \cdot 10^{+134}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x \cdot y\right) \cdot z - \left(x \cdot z - x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y z)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* x (- 1.0 (* (- 1.0 y) z))))
        (t_1 (+ x (* (- 1.0 y) (* (- z) x)))))
   (if (< t_0 -1.618195973607049e+50)
     t_1
     (if (< t_0 3.892237649663903e+134) (- (* (* x y) z) (- (* x z) x)) t_1))))

C

double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = x * (1.0 - ((1.0 - y) * z));
	double t_1 = x + ((1.0 - y) * (-z * x));
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 < -1.618195973607049e+50) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t_0 < 3.892237649663903e+134) {
		tmp = ((x * y) * z) - ((x * z) - x);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y, z)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = x * (1.0d0 - ((1.0d0 - y) * z))
    t_1 = x + ((1.0d0 - y) * (-z * x))
    if (t_0 < (-1.618195973607049d+50)) then
        tmp = t_1
    else if (t_0 < 3.892237649663903d+134) then
        tmp = ((x * y) * z) - ((x * z) - x)
    else
        tmp = t_1
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y, double z) {
	double t_0 = x * (1.0 - ((1.0 - y) * z));
	double t_1 = x + ((1.0 - y) * (-z * x));
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 < -1.618195973607049e+50) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (t_0 < 3.892237649663903e+134) {
		tmp = ((x * y) * z) - ((x * z) - x);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y, z):
	t_0 = x * (1.0 - ((1.0 - y) * z))
	t_1 = x + ((1.0 - y) * (-z * x))
	tmp = 0
	if t_0 < -1.618195973607049e+50:
		tmp = t_1
	elif t_0 < 3.892237649663903e+134:
		tmp = ((x * y) * z) - ((x * z) - x)
	else:
		tmp = t_1
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y, z)
	t_0 = Float64(x * Float64(1.0 - Float64(Float64(1.0 - y) * z)))
	t_1 = Float64(x + Float64(Float64(1.0 - y) * Float64(Float64(-z) * x)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_0 < -1.618195973607049e+50)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t_0 < 3.892237649663903e+134)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(x * y) * z) - Float64(Float64(x * z) - x));
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z)
	t_0 = x * (1.0 - ((1.0 - y) * z));
	t_1 = x + ((1.0 - y) * (-z * x));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t_0 < -1.618195973607049e+50)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (t_0 < 3.892237649663903e+134)
		tmp = ((x * y) * z) - ((x * z) - x);
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_, z_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(x * N[(1.0 - N[(N[(1.0 - y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(x + N[(N[(1.0 - y), $MachinePrecision] * N[((-z) * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Less[t$95$0, -1.618195973607049e+50], t$95$1, If[Less[t$95$0, 3.892237649663903e+134], N[(N[(N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(x * z), $MachinePrecision] - x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024270 
(FPCore (x y z)
  :name "Data.Colour.RGBSpace.HSV:hsv from colour-2.3.3, J"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (! :herbie-platform default (if (< (* x (- 1 (* (- 1 y) z))) -161819597360704900000000000000000000000000000000000) (+ x (* (- 1 y) (* (- z) x))) (if (< (* x (- 1 (* (- 1 y) z))) 389223764966390300000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000) (- (* (* x y) z) (- (* x z) x)) (+ x (* (- 1 y) (* (- z) x))))))

  (* x (- 1.0 (* (- 1.0 y) z))))