quadp (p42, positive)

Percentage Accurate: 51.7% → 85.6%
Time: 8.4s
Alternatives: 9
Speedup: 2.5×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c))))) (* 2.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0d0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c):
	return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(4.0 * Float64(a * c))))) / Float64(2.0 * a))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a);
end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(4.0 * N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 9 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 51.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c))))) (* 2.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0d0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c):
	return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(4.0 * Float64(a * c))))) / Float64(2.0 * a))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a);
end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(4.0 * N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 85.6% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5.6 \cdot 10^{+159}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-0.5 \cdot \left(b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)}\right)}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -5.6e+159)
   (/ (- b) a)
   (if (<= b 2.3e-60)
     (/ (* -0.5 (- b (sqrt (fma (* -4.0 c) a (* b b))))) a)
     (/ (- c) b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -5.6e+159) {
		tmp = -b / a;
	} else if (b <= 2.3e-60) {
		tmp = (-0.5 * (b - sqrt(fma((-4.0 * c), a, (b * b))))) / a;
	} else {
		tmp = -c / b;
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -5.6e+159)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-b) / a);
	elseif (b <= 2.3e-60)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-0.5 * Float64(b - sqrt(fma(Float64(-4.0 * c), a, Float64(b * b))))) / a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-c) / b);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -5.6e+159], N[((-b) / a), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 2.3e-60], N[(N[(-0.5 * N[(b - N[Sqrt[N[(N[(-4.0 * c), $MachinePrecision] * a + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision], N[((-c) / b), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5.6 \cdot 10^{+159}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-b}{a}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-0.5 \cdot \left(b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)}\right)}{a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if b < -5.6000000000000002e159

    1. Initial program 40.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot b}{a}} \]
      2. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)}}{a} \]
      3. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)}{a}} \]
      4. lower-neg.f6497.8

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-b}}{a} \]
    5. Applied rewrites97.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-b}{a}} \]

    if -5.6000000000000002e159 < b < 2.3000000000000001e-60

    1. Initial program 84.0%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Applied rewrites84.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot -0.5}{a}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(b - \sqrt{\color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right) + b \cdot b}}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{2}}{a} \]
      2. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(b - \sqrt{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right)} + b \cdot b}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{2}}{a} \]
      3. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(b - \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot c\right) \cdot a} + b \cdot b}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{2}}{a} \]
      4. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(b - \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot c\right)} \cdot a + b \cdot b}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{2}}{a} \]
      5. lift-fma.f6484.8

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(b - \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)}}\right) \cdot -0.5}{a} \]
      6. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-4 \cdot c}, a, b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{2}}{a} \]
      7. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -4}, a, b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{2}}{a} \]
      8. lower-*.f6484.8

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{c \cdot -4}, a, b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot -0.5}{a} \]
    5. Applied rewrites84.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(b - \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(c \cdot -4, a, b \cdot b\right)}}\right) \cdot -0.5}{a} \]

    if 2.3000000000000001e-60 < b

    1. Initial program 14.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in c around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
      2. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
      3. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(c\right)}}{b} \]
      4. lower-neg.f6491.6

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-c}}{b} \]
    5. Applied rewrites91.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{b}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification89.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5.6 \cdot 10^{+159}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-0.5 \cdot \left(b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4 \cdot c, a, b \cdot b\right)}\right)}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 85.6% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5.6 \cdot 10^{+159}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot -0.5}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -5.6e+159)
   (/ (- b) a)
   (if (<= b 2.3e-60)
     (/ (* (- b (sqrt (fma -4.0 (* c a) (* b b)))) -0.5) a)
     (/ (- c) b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -5.6e+159) {
		tmp = -b / a;
	} else if (b <= 2.3e-60) {
		tmp = ((b - sqrt(fma(-4.0, (c * a), (b * b)))) * -0.5) / a;
	} else {
		tmp = -c / b;
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -5.6e+159)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-b) / a);
	elseif (b <= 2.3e-60)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(b - sqrt(fma(-4.0, Float64(c * a), Float64(b * b)))) * -0.5) / a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-c) / b);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -5.6e+159], N[((-b) / a), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 2.3e-60], N[(N[(N[(b - N[Sqrt[N[(-4.0 * N[(c * a), $MachinePrecision] + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision], N[((-c) / b), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5.6 \cdot 10^{+159}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-b}{a}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot -0.5}{a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if b < -5.6000000000000002e159

    1. Initial program 40.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot b}{a}} \]
      2. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)}}{a} \]
      3. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)}{a}} \]
      4. lower-neg.f6497.8

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-b}}{a} \]
    5. Applied rewrites97.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-b}{a}} \]

    if -5.6000000000000002e159 < b < 2.3000000000000001e-60

    1. Initial program 84.0%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Applied rewrites84.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}\right) \cdot -0.5}{a}} \]

    if 2.3000000000000001e-60 < b

    1. Initial program 14.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in c around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
      2. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
      3. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(c\right)}}{b} \]
      4. lower-neg.f6491.6

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-c}}{b} \]
    5. Applied rewrites91.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{b}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 85.8% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{+129}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right) \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -1.8e+129)
   (/ (- b) a)
   (if (<= b 2.3e-60)
     (* (- (sqrt (fma -4.0 (* c a) (* b b))) b) (/ 0.5 a))
     (/ (- c) b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -1.8e+129) {
		tmp = -b / a;
	} else if (b <= 2.3e-60) {
		tmp = (sqrt(fma(-4.0, (c * a), (b * b))) - b) * (0.5 / a);
	} else {
		tmp = -c / b;
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -1.8e+129)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-b) / a);
	elseif (b <= 2.3e-60)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(fma(-4.0, Float64(c * a), Float64(b * b))) - b) * Float64(0.5 / a));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-c) / b);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -1.8e+129], N[((-b) / a), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 2.3e-60], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(-4.0 * N[(c * a), $MachinePrecision] + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[((-c) / b), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{+129}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-b}{a}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right) \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if b < -1.8000000000000001e129

    1. Initial program 45.9%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot b}{a}} \]
      2. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)}}{a} \]
      3. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)}{a}} \]
      4. lower-neg.f6498.0

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-b}}{a} \]
    5. Applied rewrites98.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-b}{a}} \]

    if -1.8000000000000001e129 < b < 2.3000000000000001e-60

    1. Initial program 83.4%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}} \]
      2. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{2 \cdot a}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}} \]
      3. associate-/r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot a} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right)} \]
      4. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot a} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right)} \]
      5. lift-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right) \]
      6. associate-/r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a}} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right) \]
      7. metadata-evalN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}{a} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right) \]
      8. lower-/.f6484.1

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a}} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right) \]
      9. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right)} \]
      10. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)} + \left(-b\right)\right)} \]
      11. lift-neg.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \left(\sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right)}\right) \]
      12. unsub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)} - b\right)} \]
      13. lower--.f6484.1

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)} - b\right)} \]
    4. Applied rewrites84.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right)} \]

    if 2.3000000000000001e-60 < b

    1. Initial program 14.5%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in c around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
      2. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
      3. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(c\right)}}{b} \]
      4. lower-neg.f6491.6

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-c}}{b} \]
    5. Applied rewrites91.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{b}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification89.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -1.8 \cdot 10^{+129}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)} - b\right) \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 80.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\sqrt{\left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot -4} - b\right) \cdot 0.5}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -8.2e-17)
   (- (/ c b) (/ b a))
   (if (<= b 2.3e-60)
     (/ (* (- (sqrt (* (* c a) -4.0)) b) 0.5) a)
     (/ (- c) b))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -8.2e-17) {
		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
	} else if (b <= 2.3e-60) {
		tmp = ((sqrt(((c * a) * -4.0)) - b) * 0.5) / a;
	} else {
		tmp = -c / b;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: c
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (b <= (-8.2d-17)) then
        tmp = (c / b) - (b / a)
    else if (b <= 2.3d-60) then
        tmp = ((sqrt(((c * a) * (-4.0d0))) - b) * 0.5d0) / a
    else
        tmp = -c / b
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -8.2e-17) {
		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
	} else if (b <= 2.3e-60) {
		tmp = ((Math.sqrt(((c * a) * -4.0)) - b) * 0.5) / a;
	} else {
		tmp = -c / b;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b, c):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= -8.2e-17:
		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a)
	elif b <= 2.3e-60:
		tmp = ((math.sqrt(((c * a) * -4.0)) - b) * 0.5) / a
	else:
		tmp = -c / b
	return tmp
function code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= -8.2e-17)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) - Float64(b / a));
	elseif (b <= 2.3e-60)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(c * a) * -4.0)) - b) * 0.5) / a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-c) / b);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= -8.2e-17)
		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
	elseif (b <= 2.3e-60)
		tmp = ((sqrt(((c * a) * -4.0)) - b) * 0.5) / a;
	else
		tmp = -c / b;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -8.2e-17], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(b / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 2.3e-60], N[(N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(c * a), $MachinePrecision] * -4.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision], N[((-c) / b), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\sqrt{\left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot -4} - b\right) \cdot 0.5}{a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if b < -8.2000000000000001e-17

    1. Initial program 66.9%

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Applied rewrites43.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)\right)} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]
      2. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \]
      3. lower-*.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]
      4. lower-neg.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-b\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \]
      5. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + -1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
      6. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)\right)}\right) \]
      7. unsub-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
      8. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
      9. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right) \]
      10. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \color{blue}{\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}}\right) \]
      11. unpow2N/A

        \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}\right) \]
      12. lower-*.f6491.4

        \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}\right) \]
    6. Applied rewrites91.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{b \cdot b}\right)} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in c around 0

      \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \frac{b}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites91.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c}{b} - \color{blue}{\frac{b}{a}} \]

      if -8.2000000000000001e-17 < b < 2.3000000000000001e-60

      1. Initial program 78.4%

        \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in c around inf

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
        2. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right)}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
        3. lower-*.f6474.4

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right)}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
      5. Applied rewrites74.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
      6. Step-by-step derivation
        1. lift-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}}{2 \cdot a}} \]
        2. lift-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot a}} \]
        3. associate-/r*N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}}{2}}{a}} \]
        4. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}}{2}}{a}} \]
      7. Applied rewrites75.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\sqrt{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot -4} - b\right) \cdot 0.5}{a}} \]

      if 2.3000000000000001e-60 < b

      1. Initial program 14.5%

        \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in c around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*r/N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
        2. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
        3. mul-1-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(c\right)}}{b} \]
        4. lower-neg.f6491.6

          \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-c}}{b} \]
      5. Applied rewrites91.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{b}} \]
    9. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
    10. Final simplification86.4%

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\sqrt{\left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot -4} - b\right) \cdot 0.5}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\ \end{array} \]
    11. Add Preprocessing

    Alternative 5: 80.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot -4} - b\right) \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (a b c)
     :precision binary64
     (if (<= b -8.2e-17)
       (- (/ c b) (/ b a))
       (if (<= b 2.3e-60)
         (* (- (sqrt (* (* c a) -4.0)) b) (/ 0.5 a))
         (/ (- c) b))))
    double code(double a, double b, double c) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (b <= -8.2e-17) {
    		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
    	} else if (b <= 2.3e-60) {
    		tmp = (sqrt(((c * a) * -4.0)) - b) * (0.5 / a);
    	} else {
    		tmp = -c / b;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    real(8) function code(a, b, c)
        real(8), intent (in) :: a
        real(8), intent (in) :: b
        real(8), intent (in) :: c
        real(8) :: tmp
        if (b <= (-8.2d-17)) then
            tmp = (c / b) - (b / a)
        else if (b <= 2.3d-60) then
            tmp = (sqrt(((c * a) * (-4.0d0))) - b) * (0.5d0 / a)
        else
            tmp = -c / b
        end if
        code = tmp
    end function
    
    public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
    	double tmp;
    	if (b <= -8.2e-17) {
    		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
    	} else if (b <= 2.3e-60) {
    		tmp = (Math.sqrt(((c * a) * -4.0)) - b) * (0.5 / a);
    	} else {
    		tmp = -c / b;
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    def code(a, b, c):
    	tmp = 0
    	if b <= -8.2e-17:
    		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a)
    	elif b <= 2.3e-60:
    		tmp = (math.sqrt(((c * a) * -4.0)) - b) * (0.5 / a)
    	else:
    		tmp = -c / b
    	return tmp
    
    function code(a, b, c)
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (b <= -8.2e-17)
    		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) - Float64(b / a));
    	elseif (b <= 2.3e-60)
    		tmp = Float64(Float64(sqrt(Float64(Float64(c * a) * -4.0)) - b) * Float64(0.5 / a));
    	else
    		tmp = Float64(Float64(-c) / b);
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if (b <= -8.2e-17)
    		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
    	elseif (b <= 2.3e-60)
    		tmp = (sqrt(((c * a) * -4.0)) - b) * (0.5 / a);
    	else
    		tmp = -c / b;
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -8.2e-17], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(b / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 2.3e-60], N[(N[(N[Sqrt[N[(N[(c * a), $MachinePrecision] * -4.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - b), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[((-c) / b), $MachinePrecision]]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\
    
    \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot -4} - b\right) \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 3 regimes
    2. if b < -8.2000000000000001e-17

      1. Initial program 66.9%

        \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Applied rewrites43.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
      4. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)\right)} \]
      5. Step-by-step derivation
        1. associate-*r*N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]
        2. mul-1-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \]
        3. lower-*.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]
        4. lower-neg.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-b\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \]
        5. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + -1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
        6. mul-1-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)\right)}\right) \]
        7. unsub-negN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
        8. lower--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
        9. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right) \]
        10. lower-/.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \color{blue}{\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}}\right) \]
        11. unpow2N/A

          \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}\right) \]
        12. lower-*.f6491.4

          \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}\right) \]
      6. Applied rewrites91.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{b \cdot b}\right)} \]
      7. Taylor expanded in c around 0

        \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \frac{b}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]
      8. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites91.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{c}{b} - \color{blue}{\frac{b}{a}} \]

        if -8.2000000000000001e-17 < b < 2.3000000000000001e-60

        1. Initial program 78.4%

          \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in c around inf

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
          2. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right)}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
          3. lower-*.f6474.4

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c \cdot a\right)}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
        5. Applied rewrites74.4%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}}{2 \cdot a}} \]
          2. clear-numN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{2 \cdot a}{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}}}} \]
          3. associate-/r/N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot a} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}\right)} \]
          4. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot a} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}\right)} \]
          5. lift-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}\right) \]
          6. associate-/r*N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a}} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}\right) \]
          7. metadata-evalN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}}}{a} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}\right) \]
          8. lower-/.f6475.3

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a}} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}\right) \]
          9. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}\right)} \]
          10. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)} + \left(-b\right)\right)} \]
          11. lift-neg.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \left(\sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right)}\right) \]
          12. unsub-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{2}}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)} - b\right)} \]
          13. lower--.f6475.3

            \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)} - b\right)} \]
        7. Applied rewrites75.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot -4} - b\right)} \]

        if 2.3000000000000001e-60 < b

        1. Initial program 14.5%

          \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Taylor expanded in c around 0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
        4. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-*r/N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
          2. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
          3. mul-1-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(c\right)}}{b} \]
          4. lower-neg.f6491.6

            \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-c}}{b} \]
        5. Applied rewrites91.6%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{b}} \]
      9. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
      10. Final simplification86.4%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{-17}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 2.3 \cdot 10^{-60}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sqrt{\left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot -4} - b\right) \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\ \end{array} \]
      11. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 6: 67.8% accurate, 1.6× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (a b c)
       :precision binary64
       (if (<= b -5e-310) (- (/ c b) (/ b a)) (/ (- c) b)))
      double code(double a, double b, double c) {
      	double tmp;
      	if (b <= -5e-310) {
      		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
      	} else {
      		tmp = -c / b;
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      real(8) function code(a, b, c)
          real(8), intent (in) :: a
          real(8), intent (in) :: b
          real(8), intent (in) :: c
          real(8) :: tmp
          if (b <= (-5d-310)) then
              tmp = (c / b) - (b / a)
          else
              tmp = -c / b
          end if
          code = tmp
      end function
      
      public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
      	double tmp;
      	if (b <= -5e-310) {
      		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
      	} else {
      		tmp = -c / b;
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      def code(a, b, c):
      	tmp = 0
      	if b <= -5e-310:
      		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a)
      	else:
      		tmp = -c / b
      	return tmp
      
      function code(a, b, c)
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (b <= -5e-310)
      		tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) - Float64(b / a));
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(Float64(-c) / b);
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
      	tmp = 0.0;
      	if (b <= -5e-310)
      		tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
      	else
      		tmp = -c / b;
      	end
      	tmp_2 = tmp;
      end
      
      code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -5e-310], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(b / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[((-c) / b), $MachinePrecision]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-310}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 2 regimes
      2. if b < -4.999999999999985e-310

        1. Initial program 72.5%

          \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Applied rewrites57.2%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
        4. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)\right)} \]
        5. Step-by-step derivation
          1. associate-*r*N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]
          2. mul-1-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \]
          3. lower-*.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]
          4. lower-neg.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-b\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \]
          5. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + -1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
          6. mul-1-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)\right)}\right) \]
          7. unsub-negN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
          8. lower--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
          9. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right) \]
          10. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \color{blue}{\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}}\right) \]
          11. unpow2N/A

            \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}\right) \]
          12. lower-*.f6463.3

            \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}\right) \]
        6. Applied rewrites63.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{b \cdot b}\right)} \]
        7. Taylor expanded in c around 0

          \[\leadsto -1 \cdot \frac{b}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b}} \]
        8. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites64.5%

            \[\leadsto \frac{c}{b} - \color{blue}{\frac{b}{a}} \]

          if -4.999999999999985e-310 < b

          1. Initial program 31.9%

            \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in c around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-*r/N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
            2. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
            3. mul-1-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(c\right)}}{b} \]
            4. lower-neg.f6468.8

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-c}}{b} \]
          5. Applied rewrites68.8%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{b}} \]
        9. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        10. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 7: 67.6% accurate, 2.5× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 3.5 \cdot 10^{-308}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-b}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (a b c)
         :precision binary64
         (if (<= b 3.5e-308) (/ (- b) a) (/ (- c) b)))
        double code(double a, double b, double c) {
        	double tmp;
        	if (b <= 3.5e-308) {
        		tmp = -b / a;
        	} else {
        		tmp = -c / b;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        real(8) function code(a, b, c)
            real(8), intent (in) :: a
            real(8), intent (in) :: b
            real(8), intent (in) :: c
            real(8) :: tmp
            if (b <= 3.5d-308) then
                tmp = -b / a
            else
                tmp = -c / b
            end if
            code = tmp
        end function
        
        public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
        	double tmp;
        	if (b <= 3.5e-308) {
        		tmp = -b / a;
        	} else {
        		tmp = -c / b;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        def code(a, b, c):
        	tmp = 0
        	if b <= 3.5e-308:
        		tmp = -b / a
        	else:
        		tmp = -c / b
        	return tmp
        
        function code(a, b, c)
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if (b <= 3.5e-308)
        		tmp = Float64(Float64(-b) / a);
        	else
        		tmp = Float64(Float64(-c) / b);
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
        	tmp = 0.0;
        	if (b <= 3.5e-308)
        		tmp = -b / a;
        	else
        		tmp = -c / b;
        	end
        	tmp_2 = tmp;
        end
        
        code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, 3.5e-308], N[((-b) / a), $MachinePrecision], N[((-c) / b), $MachinePrecision]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 3.5 \cdot 10^{-308}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\frac{-b}{a}\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 2 regimes
        2. if b < 3.5e-308

          1. Initial program 72.5%

            \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-*r/N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot b}{a}} \]
            2. mul-1-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)}}{a} \]
            3. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)}{a}} \]
            4. lower-neg.f6464.1

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-b}}{a} \]
          5. Applied rewrites64.1%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-b}{a}} \]

          if 3.5e-308 < b

          1. Initial program 31.9%

            \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in c around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-*r/N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
            2. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}} \]
            3. mul-1-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(c\right)}}{b} \]
            4. lower-neg.f6468.8

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-c}}{b} \]
          5. Applied rewrites68.8%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-c}{b}} \]
        3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        4. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 8: 42.6% accurate, 2.5× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 7 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-b}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (if (<= b 7e+26) (/ (- b) a) (/ c b)))
        double code(double a, double b, double c) {
        	double tmp;
        	if (b <= 7e+26) {
        		tmp = -b / a;
        	} else {
        		tmp = c / b;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        real(8) function code(a, b, c)
            real(8), intent (in) :: a
            real(8), intent (in) :: b
            real(8), intent (in) :: c
            real(8) :: tmp
            if (b <= 7d+26) then
                tmp = -b / a
            else
                tmp = c / b
            end if
            code = tmp
        end function
        
        public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
        	double tmp;
        	if (b <= 7e+26) {
        		tmp = -b / a;
        	} else {
        		tmp = c / b;
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        def code(a, b, c):
        	tmp = 0
        	if b <= 7e+26:
        		tmp = -b / a
        	else:
        		tmp = c / b
        	return tmp
        
        function code(a, b, c)
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if (b <= 7e+26)
        		tmp = Float64(Float64(-b) / a);
        	else
        		tmp = Float64(c / b);
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        function tmp_2 = code(a, b, c)
        	tmp = 0.0;
        	if (b <= 7e+26)
        		tmp = -b / a;
        	else
        		tmp = c / b;
        	end
        	tmp_2 = tmp;
        end
        
        code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, 7e+26], N[((-b) / a), $MachinePrecision], N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 7 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\frac{-b}{a}\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b}\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 2 regimes
        2. if b < 6.9999999999999998e26

          1. Initial program 69.5%

            \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}} \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-*r/N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot b}{a}} \]
            2. mul-1-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)}}{a} \]
            3. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)}{a}} \]
            4. lower-neg.f6445.3

              \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-b}}{a} \]
          5. Applied rewrites45.3%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-b}{a}} \]

          if 6.9999999999999998e26 < b

          1. Initial program 13.6%

            \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Applied rewrites12.6%

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
          4. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)\right)} \]
          5. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-*r*N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]
            2. mul-1-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \]
            3. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]
            4. lower-neg.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-b\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \]
            5. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + -1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
            6. mul-1-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)\right)}\right) \]
            7. unsub-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
            8. lower--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
            9. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right) \]
            10. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \color{blue}{\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}}\right) \]
            11. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}\right) \]
            12. lower-*.f642.3

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}\right) \]
          6. Applied rewrites2.3%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{b \cdot b}\right)} \]
          7. Taylor expanded in c around inf

            \[\leadsto \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
          8. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites32.8%

              \[\leadsto \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
          9. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
          10. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 9: 10.8% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{c}{b} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ c b))
          double code(double a, double b, double c) {
          	return c / b;
          }
          
          real(8) function code(a, b, c)
              real(8), intent (in) :: a
              real(8), intent (in) :: b
              real(8), intent (in) :: c
              code = c / b
          end function
          
          public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
          	return c / b;
          }
          
          def code(a, b, c):
          	return c / b
          
          function code(a, b, c)
          	return Float64(c / b)
          end
          
          function tmp = code(a, b, c)
          	tmp = c / b;
          end
          
          code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \frac{c}{b}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Initial program 50.3%

            \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a} \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Applied rewrites42.9%

            \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}{\sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, c \cdot a, b \cdot b\right)}}}}{2 \cdot a} \]
          4. Taylor expanded in b around -inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)\right)} \]
          5. Step-by-step derivation
            1. associate-*r*N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]
            2. mul-1-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \]
            3. lower-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(b\right)\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right)} \]
            4. lower-neg.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-b\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}} + \frac{1}{a}\right) \]
            5. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + -1 \cdot \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
            6. mul-1-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)\right)}\right) \]
            7. unsub-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
            8. lower--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right)} \]
            9. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a}} - \frac{c}{{b}^{2}}\right) \]
            10. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \color{blue}{\frac{c}{{b}^{2}}}\right) \]
            11. unpow2N/A

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}\right) \]
            12. lower-*.f6429.8

              \[\leadsto \left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}\right) \]
          6. Applied rewrites29.8%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{c}{b \cdot b}\right)} \]
          7. Taylor expanded in c around inf

            \[\leadsto \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
          8. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites13.4%

              \[\leadsto \frac{c}{\color{blue}{b}} \]
            2. Add Preprocessing

            Developer Target 1: 99.7% accurate, 0.2× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left|\frac{b}{2}\right|\\ t_1 := \sqrt{\left|a\right|} \cdot \sqrt{\left|c\right|}\\ t_2 := \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\mathsf{copysign}\left(a, c\right) = a:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{t\_0 - t\_1} \cdot \sqrt{t\_0 + t\_1}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{hypot}\left(\frac{b}{2}, t\_1\right)\\ \end{array}\\ \mathbf{if}\;b < 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{t\_2 - \frac{b}{2}}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{\frac{b}{2} + t\_2}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
            (FPCore (a b c)
             :precision binary64
             (let* ((t_0 (fabs (/ b 2.0)))
                    (t_1 (* (sqrt (fabs a)) (sqrt (fabs c))))
                    (t_2
                     (if (== (copysign a c) a)
                       (* (sqrt (- t_0 t_1)) (sqrt (+ t_0 t_1)))
                       (hypot (/ b 2.0) t_1))))
               (if (< b 0.0) (/ (- t_2 (/ b 2.0)) a) (/ (- c) (+ (/ b 2.0) t_2)))))
            double code(double a, double b, double c) {
            	double t_0 = fabs((b / 2.0));
            	double t_1 = sqrt(fabs(a)) * sqrt(fabs(c));
            	double tmp;
            	if (copysign(a, c) == a) {
            		tmp = sqrt((t_0 - t_1)) * sqrt((t_0 + t_1));
            	} else {
            		tmp = hypot((b / 2.0), t_1);
            	}
            	double t_2 = tmp;
            	double tmp_1;
            	if (b < 0.0) {
            		tmp_1 = (t_2 - (b / 2.0)) / a;
            	} else {
            		tmp_1 = -c / ((b / 2.0) + t_2);
            	}
            	return tmp_1;
            }
            
            public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
            	double t_0 = Math.abs((b / 2.0));
            	double t_1 = Math.sqrt(Math.abs(a)) * Math.sqrt(Math.abs(c));
            	double tmp;
            	if (Math.copySign(a, c) == a) {
            		tmp = Math.sqrt((t_0 - t_1)) * Math.sqrt((t_0 + t_1));
            	} else {
            		tmp = Math.hypot((b / 2.0), t_1);
            	}
            	double t_2 = tmp;
            	double tmp_1;
            	if (b < 0.0) {
            		tmp_1 = (t_2 - (b / 2.0)) / a;
            	} else {
            		tmp_1 = -c / ((b / 2.0) + t_2);
            	}
            	return tmp_1;
            }
            
            def code(a, b, c):
            	t_0 = math.fabs((b / 2.0))
            	t_1 = math.sqrt(math.fabs(a)) * math.sqrt(math.fabs(c))
            	tmp = 0
            	if math.copysign(a, c) == a:
            		tmp = math.sqrt((t_0 - t_1)) * math.sqrt((t_0 + t_1))
            	else:
            		tmp = math.hypot((b / 2.0), t_1)
            	t_2 = tmp
            	tmp_1 = 0
            	if b < 0.0:
            		tmp_1 = (t_2 - (b / 2.0)) / a
            	else:
            		tmp_1 = -c / ((b / 2.0) + t_2)
            	return tmp_1
            
            function code(a, b, c)
            	t_0 = abs(Float64(b / 2.0))
            	t_1 = Float64(sqrt(abs(a)) * sqrt(abs(c)))
            	tmp = 0.0
            	if (copysign(a, c) == a)
            		tmp = Float64(sqrt(Float64(t_0 - t_1)) * sqrt(Float64(t_0 + t_1)));
            	else
            		tmp = hypot(Float64(b / 2.0), t_1);
            	end
            	t_2 = tmp
            	tmp_1 = 0.0
            	if (b < 0.0)
            		tmp_1 = Float64(Float64(t_2 - Float64(b / 2.0)) / a);
            	else
            		tmp_1 = Float64(Float64(-c) / Float64(Float64(b / 2.0) + t_2));
            	end
            	return tmp_1
            end
            
            function tmp_3 = code(a, b, c)
            	t_0 = abs((b / 2.0));
            	t_1 = sqrt(abs(a)) * sqrt(abs(c));
            	tmp = 0.0;
            	if ((sign(c) * abs(a)) == a)
            		tmp = sqrt((t_0 - t_1)) * sqrt((t_0 + t_1));
            	else
            		tmp = hypot((b / 2.0), t_1);
            	end
            	t_2 = tmp;
            	tmp_2 = 0.0;
            	if (b < 0.0)
            		tmp_2 = (t_2 - (b / 2.0)) / a;
            	else
            		tmp_2 = -c / ((b / 2.0) + t_2);
            	end
            	tmp_3 = tmp_2;
            end
            
            code[a_, b_, c_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Abs[N[(b / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Sqrt[N[Abs[a], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[Abs[c], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = If[Equal[N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[a], TMP2 = Sign[c]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision], a], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(t$95$0 - t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[(t$95$0 + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Sqrt[N[(b / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] ^ 2 + t$95$1 ^ 2], $MachinePrecision]]}, If[Less[b, 0.0], N[(N[(t$95$2 - N[(b / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision], N[((-c) / N[(N[(b / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            
            \\
            \begin{array}{l}
            t_0 := \left|\frac{b}{2}\right|\\
            t_1 := \sqrt{\left|a\right|} \cdot \sqrt{\left|c\right|}\\
            t_2 := \begin{array}{l}
            \mathbf{if}\;\mathsf{copysign}\left(a, c\right) = a:\\
            \;\;\;\;\sqrt{t\_0 - t\_1} \cdot \sqrt{t\_0 + t\_1}\\
            
            \mathbf{else}:\\
            \;\;\;\;\mathsf{hypot}\left(\frac{b}{2}, t\_1\right)\\
            
            
            \end{array}\\
            \mathbf{if}\;b < 0:\\
            \;\;\;\;\frac{t\_2 - \frac{b}{2}}{a}\\
            
            \mathbf{else}:\\
            \;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{\frac{b}{2} + t\_2}\\
            
            
            \end{array}
            \end{array}
            

            Reproduce

            ?
            herbie shell --seed 2024270 
            (FPCore (a b c)
              :name "quadp (p42, positive)"
              :precision binary64
              :herbie-expected 10
            
              :alt
              (! :herbie-platform default (let ((sqtD (let ((x (* (sqrt (fabs a)) (sqrt (fabs c))))) (if (== (copysign a c) a) (* (sqrt (- (fabs (/ b 2)) x)) (sqrt (+ (fabs (/ b 2)) x))) (hypot (/ b 2) x))))) (if (< b 0) (/ (- sqtD (/ b 2)) a) (/ (- c) (+ (/ b 2) sqtD)))))
            
              (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c))))) (* 2.0 a)))