Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.2%
Time: 13.4s
Alternatives: 14
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 14 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)}{t}, t, -t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) (fma (/ (+ (log z) (log (+ y x))) t) t (- t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + fma(((log(z) + log((y + x))) / t), t, -t);
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) + fma(Float64(Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x))) / t), t, Float64(-t)))
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision] * t + (-t)), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)}{t}, t, -t\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.6%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Taylor expanded in t around -inf

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(t \cdot \left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t \cdot \left(1 + -1 \cdot \frac{\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right)\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)}{t} + 1\right)}\right)\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. distribute-lft-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(t \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right) + t \cdot 1\right)}\right)\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    4. *-rgt-identityN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\left(t \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right) + \color{blue}{t}\right)\right)\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    5. distribute-neg-inN/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right)\right)\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. *-commutativeN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right) \cdot t}\right)\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. mul-1-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right)\right)} \cdot t\right)\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    8. distribute-lft-neg-outN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(\frac{\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)}{t} \cdot t\right)\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    9. remove-double-negN/A

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)}{t} \cdot t} + \left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    10. lower-fma.f64N/A

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)}{t}, t, \mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
  5. Applied rewrites99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\log \left(y + x\right) + \log z}{t}, t, -t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  6. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)}{t}, t, -t\right) \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 83.4% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ t_2 := \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) + t\_1\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_2 \leq -200000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_2 \leq 950:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a + \log z\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))
        (t_2 (+ (- (+ (log z) (log (+ y x))) t) t_1)))
   (if (<= t_2 -200000000000.0)
     (+ (- t) t_1)
     (if (<= t_2 950.0)
       (fma (- a 0.5) (log t) (log (* z y)))
       (+ (* (log t) a) (log z))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(t) * (a - 0.5);
	double t_2 = ((log(z) + log((y + x))) - t) + t_1;
	double tmp;
	if (t_2 <= -200000000000.0) {
		tmp = -t + t_1;
	} else if (t_2 <= 950.0) {
		tmp = fma((a - 0.5), log(t), log((z * y)));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(t) * a) + log(z);
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))
	t_2 = Float64(Float64(Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x))) - t) + t_1)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_2 <= -200000000000.0)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-t) + t_1);
	elseif (t_2 <= 950.0)
		tmp = fma(Float64(a - 0.5), log(t), log(Float64(z * y)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) + log(z));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$2, -200000000000.0], N[((-t) + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$2, 950.0], N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\
t_2 := \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) + t\_1\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_2 \leq -200000000000:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + t\_1\\

\mathbf{elif}\;t\_2 \leq 950:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a + \log z\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (+.f64 (-.f64 (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) t) (*.f64 (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) (log.f64 t))) < -2e11

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-negN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. lower-neg.f6499.0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    5. Applied rewrites99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]

    if -2e11 < (+.f64 (-.f64 (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) t) (*.f64 (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) (log.f64 t))) < 950

    1. Initial program 98.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lift-+.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} \]
      2. flip-+N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}} \]
      3. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
      4. lower-/.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
      5. clear-numN/A

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}}}} \]
    4. Applied rewrites81.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)}}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
      2. +-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
      3. *-commutativeN/A

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
      4. lower-fma.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
      5. lower--.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{2}}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
      6. lower-log.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
      7. lower-log.f64N/A

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
      8. lower-*.f6437.5

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
    7. Applied rewrites37.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around 0

      \[\leadsto \log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. Applied rewrites37.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) \]

      if 950 < (+.f64 (-.f64 (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) t) (*.f64 (-.f64 a #s(literal 1/2 binary64)) (log.f64 t)))

      1. Initial program 99.5%

        \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. Add Preprocessing
      3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
      4. Step-by-step derivation
        1. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) + \log z} \]
        2. lower-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) + \log z} \]
        3. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \log z \]
        4. *-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log z \]
        5. lower-fma.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \log z \]
        6. lower--.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{2}}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log z \]
        7. lower-log.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log z \]
        8. lower-log.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right)}\right) + \log z \]
        9. +-commutativeN/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) + \log z \]
        10. lower-+.f64N/A

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) + \log z \]
        11. lower-log.f6499.5

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y + x\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\log z} \]
      5. Applied rewrites99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y + x\right)\right) + \log z} \]
      6. Taylor expanded in a around inf

        \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t + \log \color{blue}{z} \]
      7. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Applied rewrites88.9%

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t + \log \color{blue}{z} \]
      8. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
      9. Final simplification85.0%

        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \leq -200000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \leq 950:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a + \log z\\ \end{array} \]
      10. Add Preprocessing

      Alternative 3: 93.7% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -765:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 696.5:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot z\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
      (FPCore (x y z t a)
       :precision binary64
       (let* ((t_1 (+ (log z) (log (+ y x)))))
         (if (<= t_1 -765.0)
           (- (* (log t) a) t)
           (if (<= t_1 696.5)
             (fma (- a 0.5) (log t) (- (log (* (+ y x) z)) t))
             (+ (- t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))))))
      double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
      	double t_1 = log(z) + log((y + x));
      	double tmp;
      	if (t_1 <= -765.0) {
      		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
      	} else if (t_1 <= 696.5) {
      		tmp = fma((a - 0.5), log(t), (log(((y + x) * z)) - t));
      	} else {
      		tmp = -t + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
      	}
      	return tmp;
      }
      
      function code(x, y, z, t, a)
      	t_1 = Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x)))
      	tmp = 0.0
      	if (t_1 <= -765.0)
      		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
      	elseif (t_1 <= 696.5)
      		tmp = fma(Float64(a - 0.5), log(t), Float64(log(Float64(Float64(y + x) * z)) - t));
      	else
      		tmp = Float64(Float64(-t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)));
      	end
      	return tmp
      end
      
      code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$1, -765.0], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$1, 696.5], N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[N[(N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[((-t) + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
      
      \begin{array}{l}
      
      \\
      \begin{array}{l}
      t_1 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\
      \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -765:\\
      \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\
      
      \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 696.5:\\
      \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot z\right) - t\right)\\
      
      \mathbf{else}:\\
      \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\
      
      
      \end{array}
      \end{array}
      
      Derivation
      1. Split input into 3 regimes
      2. if (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < -765

        1. Initial program 99.6%

          \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
        2. Add Preprocessing
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lift-+.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} \]
          2. flip-+N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}} \]
          3. clear-numN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
          4. lower-/.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
          5. clear-numN/A

            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}}}} \]
        4. Applied rewrites3.2%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)}}} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. lower--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
          2. +-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
          3. *-commutativeN/A

            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
          4. lower-fma.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
          5. lower--.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{2}}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
          6. lower-log.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
          7. lower-log.f64N/A

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
          8. lower-*.f643.2

            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
        7. Applied rewrites3.2%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t} \]
        8. Taylor expanded in a around inf

          \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - t \]
        9. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Applied rewrites56.7%

            \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - t \]

          if -765 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < 696.5

          1. Initial program 99.6%

            \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} \]
            2. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
            3. lift-*.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \]
            4. lower-fma.f6499.6

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
            5. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)} - t\right) \]
            6. lift-log.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right)} + \log z\right) - t\right) \]
            7. lift-log.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log z}\right) - t\right) \]
            8. sum-logN/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right)} - t\right) \]
            9. lower-log.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right)} - t\right) \]
            10. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) \]
            11. lower-*.f6499.2

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) \]
            12. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)}\right) - t\right) \]
            13. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) - t\right) \]
            14. lower-+.f6499.2

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) - t\right) \]
          4. Applied rewrites99.2%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)} \]

          if 696.5 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z))

          1. Initial program 99.7%

            \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
          4. Step-by-step derivation
            1. mul-1-negN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
            2. lower-neg.f6486.1

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
          5. Applied rewrites86.1%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
        10. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
        11. Final simplification93.7%

          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq -765:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq 696.5:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot z\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
        12. Add Preprocessing

        Alternative 4: 93.6% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -765:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 685:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (x y z t a)
         :precision binary64
         (let* ((t_1 (+ (log z) (log (+ y x)))))
           (if (<= t_1 -765.0)
             (- (* (log t) a) t)
             (if (<= t_1 685.0)
               (- (fma (log t) (- a 0.5) (log (* (+ y x) z))) t)
               (+ (- t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))))))
        double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
        	double t_1 = log(z) + log((y + x));
        	double tmp;
        	if (t_1 <= -765.0) {
        		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
        	} else if (t_1 <= 685.0) {
        		tmp = fma(log(t), (a - 0.5), log(((y + x) * z))) - t;
        	} else {
        		tmp = -t + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
        	}
        	return tmp;
        }
        
        function code(x, y, z, t, a)
        	t_1 = Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x)))
        	tmp = 0.0
        	if (t_1 <= -765.0)
        		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
        	elseif (t_1 <= 685.0)
        		tmp = Float64(fma(log(t), Float64(a - 0.5), log(Float64(Float64(y + x) * z))) - t);
        	else
        		tmp = Float64(Float64(-t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)));
        	end
        	return tmp
        end
        
        code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$1, -765.0], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$1, 685.0], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[((-t) + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        \begin{array}{l}
        t_1 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\
        \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -765:\\
        \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\
        
        \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 685:\\
        \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\
        
        \mathbf{else}:\\
        \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\
        
        
        \end{array}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Split input into 3 regimes
        2. if (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < -765

          1. Initial program 99.6%

            \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
          2. Add Preprocessing
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lift-+.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} \]
            2. flip-+N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}} \]
            3. clear-numN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
            4. lower-/.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
            5. clear-numN/A

              \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}}}} \]
          4. Applied rewrites3.2%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)}}} \]
          5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. lower--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
            2. +-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
            3. *-commutativeN/A

              \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
            4. lower-fma.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
            5. lower--.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{2}}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
            6. lower-log.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
            7. lower-log.f64N/A

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
            8. lower-*.f643.2

              \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
          7. Applied rewrites3.2%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t} \]
          8. Taylor expanded in a around inf

            \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - t \]
          9. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Applied rewrites56.7%

              \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - t \]

            if -765 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < 685

            1. Initial program 99.6%

              \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lift-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} \]
              2. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
              3. lift--.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
              4. associate-+r-N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
              5. lower--.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)\right) - t} \]
              6. lift-*.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)\right) - t \]
              7. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)} + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)\right) - t \]
              8. lower-fma.f6499.6

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)} - t \]
              9. lift-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z}\right) - t \]
              10. lift-log.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right)} + \log z\right) - t \]
              11. lift-log.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log z}\right) - t \]
              12. sum-logN/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
              13. lower-log.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
              14. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \log \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
              15. lower-*.f6499.2

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
              16. lift-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)}\right)\right) - t \]
              17. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - \frac{1}{2}, \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right)\right) - t \]
              18. lower-+.f6499.2

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right)\right) - t \]
            4. Applied rewrites99.2%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right)\right) - t} \]

            if 685 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z))

            1. Initial program 99.7%

              \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
            4. Step-by-step derivation
              1. mul-1-negN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
              2. lower-neg.f6486.7

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
            5. Applied rewrites86.7%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
          10. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
          11. Final simplification93.7%

            \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq -765:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq 685:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot z\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
          12. Add Preprocessing

          Alternative 5: 67.9% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -765:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 696.5:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (x y z t a)
           :precision binary64
           (let* ((t_1 (+ (log z) (log (+ y x)))))
             (if (<= t_1 -765.0)
               (- (* (log t) a) t)
               (if (<= t_1 696.5)
                 (fma (- a 0.5) (log t) (- (log (* z y)) t))
                 (+ (- t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))))))
          double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
          	double t_1 = log(z) + log((y + x));
          	double tmp;
          	if (t_1 <= -765.0) {
          		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
          	} else if (t_1 <= 696.5) {
          		tmp = fma((a - 0.5), log(t), (log((z * y)) - t));
          	} else {
          		tmp = -t + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
          	}
          	return tmp;
          }
          
          function code(x, y, z, t, a)
          	t_1 = Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x)))
          	tmp = 0.0
          	if (t_1 <= -765.0)
          		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
          	elseif (t_1 <= 696.5)
          		tmp = fma(Float64(a - 0.5), log(t), Float64(log(Float64(z * y)) - t));
          	else
          		tmp = Float64(Float64(-t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)));
          	end
          	return tmp
          end
          
          code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$1, -765.0], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$1, 696.5], N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[((-t) + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          \begin{array}{l}
          t_1 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\
          \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -765:\\
          \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\
          
          \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 696.5:\\
          \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right) - t\right)\\
          
          \mathbf{else}:\\
          \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\
          
          
          \end{array}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Split input into 3 regimes
          2. if (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < -765

            1. Initial program 99.6%

              \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
            2. Add Preprocessing
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lift-+.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} \]
              2. flip-+N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}} \]
              3. clear-numN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
              4. lower-/.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
              5. clear-numN/A

                \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}}}} \]
            4. Applied rewrites3.2%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)}}} \]
            5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
            6. Step-by-step derivation
              1. lower--.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
              2. +-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
              3. *-commutativeN/A

                \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
              4. lower-fma.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
              5. lower--.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{2}}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
              6. lower-log.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
              7. lower-log.f64N/A

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
              8. lower-*.f643.2

                \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
            7. Applied rewrites3.2%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t} \]
            8. Taylor expanded in a around inf

              \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - t \]
            9. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Applied rewrites56.7%

                \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - t \]

              if -765 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < 696.5

              1. Initial program 99.6%

                \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
              2. Add Preprocessing
              3. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lift-+.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} \]
                2. flip-+N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}} \]
                3. clear-numN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
                4. lower-/.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
                5. clear-numN/A

                  \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}}}} \]
              4. Applied rewrites99.0%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)}}} \]
              5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
              6. Step-by-step derivation
                1. lower--.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                2. +-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
                3. *-commutativeN/A

                  \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                4. lower-fma.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
                5. lower--.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{2}}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                6. lower-log.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                7. lower-log.f64N/A

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
                8. lower-*.f6468.4

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
              7. Applied rewrites68.4%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t} \]
              8. Step-by-step derivation
                1. Applied rewrites68.4%

                  \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(z \cdot y\right) - t\right) \]

                if 696.5 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z))

                1. Initial program 99.7%

                  \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
                4. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. mul-1-negN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
                  2. lower-neg.f6486.1

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                5. Applied rewrites86.1%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
              9. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
              10. Final simplification72.0%

                \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq -765:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq 696.5:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
              11. Add Preprocessing

              Alternative 6: 68.0% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -765:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 685:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (x y z t a)
               :precision binary64
               (let* ((t_1 (+ (log z) (log (+ y x)))))
                 (if (<= t_1 -765.0)
                   (- (* (log t) a) t)
                   (if (<= t_1 685.0)
                     (- (fma (- a 0.5) (log t) (log (* z y))) t)
                     (+ (- t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))))))
              double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
              	double t_1 = log(z) + log((y + x));
              	double tmp;
              	if (t_1 <= -765.0) {
              		tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
              	} else if (t_1 <= 685.0) {
              		tmp = fma((a - 0.5), log(t), log((z * y))) - t;
              	} else {
              		tmp = -t + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
              	}
              	return tmp;
              }
              
              function code(x, y, z, t, a)
              	t_1 = Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x)))
              	tmp = 0.0
              	if (t_1 <= -765.0)
              		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t);
              	elseif (t_1 <= 685.0)
              		tmp = Float64(fma(Float64(a - 0.5), log(t), log(Float64(z * y))) - t);
              	else
              		tmp = Float64(Float64(-t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)));
              	end
              	return tmp
              end
              
              code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$1, -765.0], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$1, 685.0], N[(N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[((-t) + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              \begin{array}{l}
              t_1 := \log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\\
              \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -765:\\
              \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\
              
              \mathbf{elif}\;t\_1 \leq 685:\\
              \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t\\
              
              \mathbf{else}:\\
              \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\
              
              
              \end{array}
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Split input into 3 regimes
              2. if (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < -765

                1. Initial program 99.6%

                  \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                2. Add Preprocessing
                3. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. lift-+.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} \]
                  2. flip-+N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}} \]
                  3. clear-numN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
                  4. lower-/.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
                  5. clear-numN/A

                    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}}}} \]
                4. Applied rewrites3.2%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)}}} \]
                5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                6. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. lower--.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                  2. +-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
                  3. *-commutativeN/A

                    \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                  4. lower-fma.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
                  5. lower--.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{2}}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                  6. lower-log.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                  7. lower-log.f64N/A

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
                  8. lower-*.f643.2

                    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
                7. Applied rewrites3.2%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t} \]
                8. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                  \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - t \]
                9. Step-by-step derivation
                  1. Applied rewrites56.7%

                    \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - t \]

                  if -765 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < 685

                  1. Initial program 99.6%

                    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. lift-+.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} \]
                    2. flip-+N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}} \]
                    3. clear-numN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
                    4. lower-/.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
                    5. clear-numN/A

                      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}}}} \]
                  4. Applied rewrites99.0%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)}}} \]
                  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                  6. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. lower--.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                    2. +-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
                    3. *-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                    4. lower-fma.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
                    5. lower--.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{2}}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                    6. lower-log.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                    7. lower-log.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
                    8. lower-*.f6467.9

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
                  7. Applied rewrites67.9%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t} \]

                  if 685 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z))

                  1. Initial program 99.7%

                    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. mul-1-negN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
                    2. lower-neg.f6486.7

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                  5. Applied rewrites86.7%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                10. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
                11. Final simplification72.0%

                  \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq -765:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\log z + \log \left(y + x\right) \leq 685:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(z \cdot y\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \end{array} \]
                12. Add Preprocessing

                Alternative 7: 98.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

                \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log \left(y + x\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 25000:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, t\_1\right) + \log z\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\frac{\log t}{t} \cdot a - 1\right) + \frac{t\_1}{t}\right) \cdot t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                (FPCore (x y z t a)
                 :precision binary64
                 (let* ((t_1 (log (+ y x))))
                   (if (<= t 25000.0)
                     (+ (fma (- a 0.5) (log t) t_1) (log z))
                     (* (+ (- (* (/ (log t) t) a) 1.0) (/ t_1 t)) t))))
                double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                	double t_1 = log((y + x));
                	double tmp;
                	if (t <= 25000.0) {
                		tmp = fma((a - 0.5), log(t), t_1) + log(z);
                	} else {
                		tmp = ((((log(t) / t) * a) - 1.0) + (t_1 / t)) * t;
                	}
                	return tmp;
                }
                
                function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                	t_1 = log(Float64(y + x))
                	tmp = 0.0
                	if (t <= 25000.0)
                		tmp = Float64(fma(Float64(a - 0.5), log(t), t_1) + log(z));
                	else
                		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(log(t) / t) * a) - 1.0) + Float64(t_1 / t)) * t);
                	end
                	return tmp
                end
                
                code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t, 25000.0], N[(N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - 1.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(t$95$1 / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t), $MachinePrecision]]]
                
                \begin{array}{l}
                
                \\
                \begin{array}{l}
                t_1 := \log \left(y + x\right)\\
                \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 25000:\\
                \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, t\_1\right) + \log z\\
                
                \mathbf{else}:\\
                \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\frac{\log t}{t} \cdot a - 1\right) + \frac{t\_1}{t}\right) \cdot t\\
                
                
                \end{array}
                \end{array}
                
                Derivation
                1. Split input into 2 regimes
                2. if t < 25000

                  1. Initial program 99.3%

                    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. +-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) + \log z} \]
                    2. lower-+.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) + \log z} \]
                    3. +-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \log z \]
                    4. *-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log z \]
                    5. lower-fma.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \log z \]
                    6. lower--.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{2}}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log z \]
                    7. lower-log.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log z \]
                    8. lower-log.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right)}\right) + \log z \]
                    9. +-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) + \log z \]
                    10. lower-+.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) + \log z \]
                    11. lower-log.f6499.3

                      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y + x\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\log z} \]
                  5. Applied rewrites99.3%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y + x\right)\right) + \log z} \]

                  if 25000 < t

                  1. Initial program 99.9%

                    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)}{t} + \left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right)\right) - 1\right)} \]
                  4. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. *-commutativeN/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)}{t} + \left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right)\right) - 1\right) \cdot t} \]
                    2. lower-*.f64N/A

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)}{t} + \left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right)\right) - 1\right) \cdot t} \]
                  5. Applied rewrites99.8%

                    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\log \left(y + x\right)}{t} + \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{a - 0.5}{t}, \log t, \frac{\log z}{t}\right) - 1\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
                  6. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\log \left(y + x\right)}{t} + \left(\frac{a \cdot \log t}{t} - 1\right)\right) \cdot t \]
                  7. Step-by-step derivation
                    1. Applied rewrites99.2%

                      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\log \left(y + x\right)}{t} + \left(a \cdot \frac{\log t}{t} - 1\right)\right) \cdot t \]
                  8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                  9. Final simplification99.2%

                    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 25000:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y + x\right)\right) + \log z\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\frac{\log t}{t} \cdot a - 1\right) + \frac{\log \left(y + x\right)}{t}\right) \cdot t\\ \end{array} \]
                  10. Add Preprocessing

                  Alternative 8: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
                  (FPCore (x y z t a)
                   :precision binary64
                   (+ (- (+ (log z) (log (+ y x))) t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
                  double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                  	return ((log(z) + log((y + x))) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
                  }
                  
                  real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                      real(8), intent (in) :: x
                      real(8), intent (in) :: y
                      real(8), intent (in) :: z
                      real(8), intent (in) :: t
                      real(8), intent (in) :: a
                      code = ((log(z) + log((y + x))) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))
                  end function
                  
                  public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                  	return ((Math.log(z) + Math.log((y + x))) - t) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5));
                  }
                  
                  def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                  	return ((math.log(z) + math.log((y + x))) - t) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))
                  
                  function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                  	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(y + x))) - t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)))
                  end
                  
                  function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                  	tmp = ((log(z) + log((y + x))) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
                  end
                  
                  code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                  
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  
                  \\
                  \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)
                  \end{array}
                  
                  Derivation
                  1. Initial program 99.6%

                    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                  2. Add Preprocessing
                  3. Final simplification99.6%

                    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \]
                  4. Add Preprocessing

                  Alternative 9: 80.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

                  \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 25000:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log y\right) + \log z\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\frac{\log t}{t} \cdot a - 1\right) + \frac{\log \left(y + x\right)}{t}\right) \cdot t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                  (FPCore (x y z t a)
                   :precision binary64
                   (if (<= t 25000.0)
                     (+ (fma (- a 0.5) (log t) (log y)) (log z))
                     (* (+ (- (* (/ (log t) t) a) 1.0) (/ (log (+ y x)) t)) t)))
                  double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                  	double tmp;
                  	if (t <= 25000.0) {
                  		tmp = fma((a - 0.5), log(t), log(y)) + log(z);
                  	} else {
                  		tmp = ((((log(t) / t) * a) - 1.0) + (log((y + x)) / t)) * t;
                  	}
                  	return tmp;
                  }
                  
                  function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                  	tmp = 0.0
                  	if (t <= 25000.0)
                  		tmp = Float64(fma(Float64(a - 0.5), log(t), log(y)) + log(z));
                  	else
                  		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(log(t) / t) * a) - 1.0) + Float64(log(Float64(y + x)) / t)) * t);
                  	end
                  	return tmp
                  end
                  
                  code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 25000.0], N[(N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - 1.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t), $MachinePrecision]]
                  
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  
                  \\
                  \begin{array}{l}
                  \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 25000:\\
                  \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log y\right) + \log z\\
                  
                  \mathbf{else}:\\
                  \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\frac{\log t}{t} \cdot a - 1\right) + \frac{\log \left(y + x\right)}{t}\right) \cdot t\\
                  
                  
                  \end{array}
                  \end{array}
                  
                  Derivation
                  1. Split input into 2 regimes
                  2. if t < 25000

                    1. Initial program 99.3%

                      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                    2. Add Preprocessing
                    3. Taylor expanded in t around 0

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right)} \]
                    4. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. +-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) + \log z} \]
                      2. lower-+.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) + \log z} \]
                      3. +-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \log z \]
                      4. *-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log z \]
                      5. lower-fma.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \log z \]
                      6. lower--.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{2}}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log z \]
                      7. lower-log.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log z \]
                      8. lower-log.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right)}\right) + \log z \]
                      9. +-commutativeN/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) + \log z \]
                      10. lower-+.f64N/A

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) + \log z \]
                      11. lower-log.f6499.3

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y + x\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\log z} \]
                    5. Applied rewrites99.3%

                      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y + x\right)\right) + \log z} \]
                    6. Taylor expanded in y around inf

                      \[\leadsto \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) + \log \color{blue}{z} \]
                    7. Step-by-step derivation
                      1. Applied rewrites62.8%

                        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log y\right) + \log \color{blue}{z} \]

                      if 25000 < t

                      1. Initial program 99.9%

                        \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                      2. Add Preprocessing
                      3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{t \cdot \left(\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)}{t} + \left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right)\right) - 1\right)} \]
                      4. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. *-commutativeN/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)}{t} + \left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right)\right) - 1\right) \cdot t} \]
                        2. lower-*.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{t}\right) \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)}{t} + \left(\frac{\log z}{t} + \frac{\log \left(x + y\right)}{t}\right)\right) - 1\right) \cdot t} \]
                      5. Applied rewrites99.8%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\log \left(y + x\right)}{t} + \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{a - 0.5}{t}, \log t, \frac{\log z}{t}\right) - 1\right)\right) \cdot t} \]
                      6. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\log \left(y + x\right)}{t} + \left(\frac{a \cdot \log t}{t} - 1\right)\right) \cdot t \]
                      7. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites99.2%

                          \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\log \left(y + x\right)}{t} + \left(a \cdot \frac{\log t}{t} - 1\right)\right) \cdot t \]
                      8. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                      9. Final simplification83.0%

                        \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 25000:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log y\right) + \log z\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\frac{\log t}{t} \cdot a - 1\right) + \frac{\log \left(y + x\right)}{t}\right) \cdot t\\ \end{array} \]
                      10. Add Preprocessing

                      Alternative 10: 68.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

                      \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log y + \log z\right) - t \end{array} \]
                      (FPCore (x y z t a)
                       :precision binary64
                       (- (fma (- a 0.5) (log t) (+ (log y) (log z))) t))
                      double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                      	return fma((a - 0.5), log(t), (log(y) + log(z))) - t;
                      }
                      
                      function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                      	return Float64(fma(Float64(a - 0.5), log(t), Float64(log(y) + log(z))) - t)
                      end
                      
                      code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
                      
                      \begin{array}{l}
                      
                      \\
                      \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log y + \log z\right) - t
                      \end{array}
                      
                      Derivation
                      1. Initial program 99.6%

                        \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                      2. Add Preprocessing
                      3. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. lift-+.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} \]
                        2. flip-+N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}} \]
                        3. clear-numN/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
                        4. lower-/.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
                        5. clear-numN/A

                          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}}}} \]
                      4. Applied rewrites71.5%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)}}} \]
                      5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                      6. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. lower--.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                        2. +-commutativeN/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
                        3. *-commutativeN/A

                          \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                        4. lower-fma.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
                        5. lower--.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{2}}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                        6. lower-log.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                        7. lower-log.f64N/A

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
                        8. lower-*.f6452.1

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
                      7. Applied rewrites52.1%

                        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t} \]
                      8. Step-by-step derivation
                        1. Applied rewrites69.3%

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log z + \log y\right) - t \]
                        2. Final simplification69.3%

                          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log y + \log z\right) - t \]
                        3. Add Preprocessing

                        Alternative 11: 77.0% accurate, 2.8× speedup?

                        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
                        (FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (+ (- t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
                        double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                        	return -t + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
                        }
                        
                        real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                            real(8), intent (in) :: z
                            real(8), intent (in) :: t
                            real(8), intent (in) :: a
                            code = -t + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))
                        end function
                        
                        public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                        	return -t + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5));
                        }
                        
                        def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                        	return -t + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))
                        
                        function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                        	return Float64(Float64(-t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)))
                        end
                        
                        function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                        	tmp = -t + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
                        end
                        
                        code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[((-t) + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                        
                        \begin{array}{l}
                        
                        \\
                        \left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)
                        \end{array}
                        
                        Derivation
                        1. Initial program 99.6%

                          \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                        2. Add Preprocessing
                        3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
                        4. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. mul-1-negN/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)\right)} + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t \]
                          2. lower-neg.f6480.5

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                        5. Applied rewrites80.5%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                        6. Final simplification80.5%

                          \[\leadsto \left(-t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \]
                        7. Add Preprocessing

                        Alternative 12: 59.6% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

                        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.62 \cdot 10^{+105}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
                        (FPCore (x y z t a)
                         :precision binary64
                         (if (<= t 1.62e+105) (* (log t) a) (- t)))
                        double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                        	double tmp;
                        	if (t <= 1.62e+105) {
                        		tmp = log(t) * a;
                        	} else {
                        		tmp = -t;
                        	}
                        	return tmp;
                        }
                        
                        real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                            real(8), intent (in) :: z
                            real(8), intent (in) :: t
                            real(8), intent (in) :: a
                            real(8) :: tmp
                            if (t <= 1.62d+105) then
                                tmp = log(t) * a
                            else
                                tmp = -t
                            end if
                            code = tmp
                        end function
                        
                        public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                        	double tmp;
                        	if (t <= 1.62e+105) {
                        		tmp = Math.log(t) * a;
                        	} else {
                        		tmp = -t;
                        	}
                        	return tmp;
                        }
                        
                        def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                        	tmp = 0
                        	if t <= 1.62e+105:
                        		tmp = math.log(t) * a
                        	else:
                        		tmp = -t
                        	return tmp
                        
                        function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                        	tmp = 0.0
                        	if (t <= 1.62e+105)
                        		tmp = Float64(log(t) * a);
                        	else
                        		tmp = Float64(-t);
                        	end
                        	return tmp
                        end
                        
                        function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                        	tmp = 0.0;
                        	if (t <= 1.62e+105)
                        		tmp = log(t) * a;
                        	else
                        		tmp = -t;
                        	end
                        	tmp_2 = tmp;
                        end
                        
                        code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 1.62e+105], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
                        
                        \begin{array}{l}
                        
                        \\
                        \begin{array}{l}
                        \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.62 \cdot 10^{+105}:\\
                        \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\
                        
                        \mathbf{else}:\\
                        \;\;\;\;-t\\
                        
                        
                        \end{array}
                        \end{array}
                        
                        Derivation
                        1. Split input into 2 regimes
                        2. if t < 1.6200000000000001e105

                          1. Initial program 99.4%

                            \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                          2. Add Preprocessing
                          3. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. lower-*.f64N/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
                            2. lower-log.f6452.8

                              \[\leadsto a \cdot \color{blue}{\log t} \]
                          5. Applied rewrites52.8%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]

                          if 1.6200000000000001e105 < t

                          1. Initial program 99.9%

                            \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                          2. Add Preprocessing
                          3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. mul-1-negN/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)} \]
                            2. lower-neg.f6486.7

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
                          5. Applied rewrites86.7%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
                        3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
                        4. Final simplification65.8%

                          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.62 \cdot 10^{+105}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
                        5. Add Preprocessing

                        Alternative 13: 74.4% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

                        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log t \cdot a - t \end{array} \]
                        (FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (* (log t) a) t))
                        double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                        	return (log(t) * a) - t;
                        }
                        
                        real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                            real(8), intent (in) :: x
                            real(8), intent (in) :: y
                            real(8), intent (in) :: z
                            real(8), intent (in) :: t
                            real(8), intent (in) :: a
                            code = (log(t) * a) - t
                        end function
                        
                        public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                        	return (Math.log(t) * a) - t;
                        }
                        
                        def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                        	return (math.log(t) * a) - t
                        
                        function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                        	return Float64(Float64(log(t) * a) - t)
                        end
                        
                        function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                        	tmp = (log(t) * a) - t;
                        end
                        
                        code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
                        
                        \begin{array}{l}
                        
                        \\
                        \log t \cdot a - t
                        \end{array}
                        
                        Derivation
                        1. Initial program 99.6%

                          \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                        2. Add Preprocessing
                        3. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. lift-+.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} \]
                          2. flip-+N/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}} \]
                          3. clear-numN/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
                          4. lower-/.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}}} \]
                          5. clear-numN/A

                            \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \cdot \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right) \cdot \left(\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t\right)}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) - \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t}}}} \]
                        4. Applied rewrites71.5%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a - 0.5, \log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right) - t\right)}}} \]
                        5. Taylor expanded in x around 0

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                        6. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. lower--.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) - t} \]
                          2. +-commutativeN/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
                          3. *-commutativeN/A

                            \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \log t} + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                          4. lower-fma.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right)} - t \]
                          5. lower--.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a - \frac{1}{2}}, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                          6. lower-log.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \color{blue}{\log t}, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t \]
                          7. lower-log.f64N/A

                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - \frac{1}{2}, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
                          8. lower-*.f6452.1

                            \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
                        7. Applied rewrites52.1%

                          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t} \]
                        8. Taylor expanded in a around inf

                          \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - t \]
                        9. Step-by-step derivation
                          1. Applied rewrites78.6%

                            \[\leadsto a \cdot \log t - t \]
                          2. Final simplification78.6%

                            \[\leadsto \log t \cdot a - t \]
                          3. Add Preprocessing

                          Alternative 14: 37.5% accurate, 107.0× speedup?

                          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ -t \end{array} \]
                          (FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- t))
                          double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                          	return -t;
                          }
                          
                          real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                              real(8), intent (in) :: x
                              real(8), intent (in) :: y
                              real(8), intent (in) :: z
                              real(8), intent (in) :: t
                              real(8), intent (in) :: a
                              code = -t
                          end function
                          
                          public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                          	return -t;
                          }
                          
                          def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                          	return -t
                          
                          function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                          	return Float64(-t)
                          end
                          
                          function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                          	tmp = -t;
                          end
                          
                          code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := (-t)
                          
                          \begin{array}{l}
                          
                          \\
                          -t
                          \end{array}
                          
                          Derivation
                          1. Initial program 99.6%

                            \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
                          2. Add Preprocessing
                          3. Taylor expanded in t around inf

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
                          4. Step-by-step derivation
                            1. mul-1-negN/A

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{neg}\left(t\right)} \]
                            2. lower-neg.f6442.2

                              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
                          5. Applied rewrites42.2%

                            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
                          6. Add Preprocessing

                          Developer Target 1: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

                          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \end{array} \]
                          (FPCore (x y z t a)
                           :precision binary64
                           (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))))
                          double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                          	return log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
                          }
                          
                          real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                              real(8), intent (in) :: x
                              real(8), intent (in) :: y
                              real(8), intent (in) :: z
                              real(8), intent (in) :: t
                              real(8), intent (in) :: a
                              code = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
                          end function
                          
                          public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
                          	return Math.log((x + y)) + ((Math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
                          }
                          
                          def code(x, y, z, t, a):
                          	return math.log((x + y)) + ((math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
                          
                          function code(x, y, z, t, a)
                          	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))))
                          end
                          
                          function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
                          	tmp = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
                          end
                          
                          code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
                          
                          \begin{array}{l}
                          
                          \\
                          \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)
                          \end{array}
                          

                          Reproduce

                          ?
                          herbie shell --seed 2024268 
                          (FPCore (x y z t a)
                            :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2"
                            :precision binary64
                          
                            :alt
                            (! :herbie-platform default (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 1/2) (log t)))))
                          
                            (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))